US20180178070A1 - Golf ball - Google Patents

Golf ball Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180178070A1
US20180178070A1 US15/825,347 US201715825347A US2018178070A1 US 20180178070 A1 US20180178070 A1 US 20180178070A1 US 201715825347 A US201715825347 A US 201715825347A US 2018178070 A1 US2018178070 A1 US 2018178070A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
dimple
dimples
ball
distance
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/825,347
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English (en)
Inventor
Masanobu KUWAHARA
Katsunori Sato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd filed Critical Bridgestone Sports Co Ltd
Assigned to BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD. reassignment BRIDGESTONE SPORTS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KUWAHARA, MASANOBU, SATO, KATSUNORI
Publication of US20180178070A1 publication Critical patent/US20180178070A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003—Golf balls
    • A63B37/0004—Surface depressions or protrusions
    • A63B37/0012—Dimple profile, i.e. cross-sectional view
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003—Golf balls
    • A63B37/0004—Surface depressions or protrusions
    • A63B37/0018—Specified number of dimples
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003—Golf balls
    • A63B37/0004—Surface depressions or protrusions
    • A63B37/0019—Specified dimple depth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003—Golf balls
    • A63B37/0004—Surface depressions or protrusions
    • A63B37/002—Specified dimple diameter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003—Golf balls
    • A63B37/0004—Surface depressions or protrusions
    • A63B37/0017—Specified total dimple volume
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
    • A63B37/0003—Golf balls
    • A63B37/007—Characteristics of the ball as a whole
    • A63B37/0077—Physical properties
    • A63B37/0094—Rebound resilience

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a golf ball having numerous dimples formed on the surface thereof. More particularly, the invention relates to a golf ball whose aerodynamic performance has been enhanced by optimizing the cross-sectional shape of the dimples formed on the ball surface.
  • U.S. Pat. Nos. 8,888,613 and 8,974,320 describe golf balls in which, when deciding on the cross-sectional shape of a dimple, a distinctive cross-sectional curve shape is obtained by dividing the interior of the dimple into a plurality of specific regions and quantifying the dimple interior in such a way that the average depth in each region satisfies a specific relationship.
  • a distinctive cross-sectional curve shape is obtained by dividing the interior of the dimple into a plurality of specific regions and quantifying the dimple interior in such a way that the average depth in each region satisfies a specific relationship.
  • the inventors have discovered that, when deciding on the cross-sectional shape of a dimple, by letting a straight line that passes through any one point on the edge of the dimple and the foot of a perpendicular drawn from a deepest point of the dimple to an imaginary plane defined by the peripheral edge of the dimple serve as a reference line, dividing the reference line from the dimple edge at 0% (origin) to the foot at 100% into 20% segments, and setting within a fixed range the change in dimple depth ⁇ H in dimple regions that are divided into 20% each, the dimple cross-sectional shape stabilizes the dimple effect during flight of the ball, which is effective for enhancing the aerodynamic performance.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the dimples is optimized even further than in the prior art, thereby reducing the variability in flight and improving the aerodynamic performance.
  • the percentage change in depth at given positions in the dimple is held within a fixed range, which stabilizes the dimple effect and enables the aerodynamic performance to be improved.
  • the invention provides a golf ball having numerous dimples formed on a surface thereof, wherein the ball has arranged thereon at least one dimple with a cross-sectional shape that is described by a curved line or by a combination of a straight line and a curved line and is specified by steps (i) to (iv) below:
  • the total number of dimples on the surface of the ball is from 250 to 380.
  • the change ⁇ H in dimple depth reaches a maximum at 20% of the distance from the dimple edge to the dimple center.
  • dimples having the specified cross-sectional shape account for at least 60% of the total number of dimples.
  • the dimples formed on the ball surface are of at least two types of differing diameter and/or depth.
  • the curved line describing the cross-sectional shape of the dimple includes two or more points of inflection.
  • the golf ball of the invention has at least one dimple of a distinctive cross-sectional shape which stabilizes the dimple effect during flight of the ball, enabling the aerodynamic performance to be further enhanced.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view showing the outward appearance of a golf ball according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one of the dimples formed on the surface of the golf ball shown in FIG. 1A .
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the dimple cross-section and regions established at the interior of the dimple.
  • FIG. 3A is a plan view showing the outward appearance of a golf ball according to another embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 3B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one of the dimples formed on the surface of the golf ball shown in FIG. 3A .
  • FIG. 4A is a plan view showing the outward appearance of a golf ball on which conventional double dimples have been formed
  • FIG. 4B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one of the dimples formed on the surface of the golf ball shown in FIG. 4A .
  • FIG. 5A is a plan view showing the outward appearance of a golf ball on which conventional dimples that are circularly arcuate in cross-section have been formed
  • FIG. 5B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one of the dimples formed on the surface of the golf ball shown in FIG. 5A .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of the structure of the inventive golf ball.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view showing the outward appearance of a golf ball according to one embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 1B is an enlarged cross-sectional view of one of the dimples formed on the surface of the golf ball shown in FIG. 1A
  • the symbol D represents a dimple
  • E represents an edge of the dimple
  • P represents a deepest point of the dimple
  • the straight line L is a reference line which passes through the dimple edge E and a center O of the dimple
  • the dashed line represents an imaginary spherical surface.
  • the foot of a perpendicular drawn from the deepest point P of the dimple to an imaginary plane defined by a peripheral edge of the dimple D coincides with the dimple center O.
  • the dimple edge E is the boundary between the dimple D and regions (lands) on the ball surface where dimples D are not formed, and corresponds to points where the imaginary spherical surface is tangent to the ball surface (the same applies below).
  • the dimple D shown in FIG. 1 is a circular dimple as seen in a plan view; the center O of the dimple in a plan view coincides with the deepest point P.
  • FIG. 1B The cross-sectional shape of the dimple shown in FIG. 1B , which is not drawn to scale, relies on a proper understanding of the invention. The same applies also to the cross-sectional shapes of the dimples shown subsequently in FIGS. 2, 3B, 4B and 5B .
  • condition (ii) divide a segment of the reference line L from the dimple edge E to the dimple center O into at least 100 points. Then compute the distance ratio for each point when the distance from the dimple edge to the dimple center is set to 100%. That is, referring to FIG. 2 , the dashed lines in the chart are dividing lines represented along the dimple depth.
  • the dimple edge E is the origin, which is the 0% position on the reference line
  • the dimple center O is the 100% position with respect to segment EO on the reference line.
  • condition (iii) compute the dimple depth ratio at every 20% from 0 to 100% of the distance from the dimple edge E to the dimple center O.
  • the dimple center O is at the deepest part P of the dimple and has a depth H (mm). Letting this be 100% of the depth, the dimple depth ratio at each distance is determined. Also, the dimple depth ratio at the dimple edge E becomes 0%.
  • condition (iv) at the depth ratios in dimple regions 20 to 100% of the distance from the dimple edge E to the dimple center O, determine the change in depth ⁇ H every 20% of the distance and design a dimple cross-sectional shape such that the change ⁇ H is at least 6% and not more than 24% in all regions corresponding to from 20 to 100% of the distance.
  • the flight variability decreases, enhancing the aerodynamic performance of the ball.
  • This change ⁇ H is preferably from 8 to 22%, and more preferably from 10 to 20%.
  • the change in dimple depth ⁇ H it is preferable for the change in dimple depth ⁇ H to reach a maximum at 20% of the distance from the dimple edge to the dimple center. Also, the inclusion of two or more points of inflection on the curved line describing the specified cross-sectional shape of the dimple is preferable in terms of increasing the advantageous effects of the invention.
  • Dimples that are circular as seen in the plan view are depicted in FIG. 1 by way of illustration, although the dimple shape (plan-view shape) is not limited to a circular shape. Dimples of other shapes, such as polygonal, teardrop or elliptical dimples, may be suitably selected. Even with dimples of non-circular shape, it is possible to set the cross-sectional shape by a method similar to that indicated above.
  • the center O and the deepest point P of the dimple coincide.
  • the deepest point P does not necessarily have to coincide with the center O of the dimple. Even when the center O and the deepest point P of the dimple D do not coincide, this does not pose any particular problem; the change in dimple depth ⁇ H within dimple regions that are divided into 20% each can be determined in the same way as described above.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the dimple D is illustrated in FIG. 1 by a shape composed primarily of a gently curved line and including straight lines in portions thereof, but is not limited thereto so long as it is a curve within the scope of the invention that is described by a curved line or by a combination of a straight line and a curved line.
  • the diameter of the dimple D (in polygonal dimples, the diagonal length), although not particularly limited, may be set to preferably at least 1.5 mm, and more preferably at least 2.0 mm. There is no particular upper limit, although the dimple diameter is preferably set to not more than 7.0 mm, and more preferably not more than 6.0 mm.
  • the dimple D has a depth H at the deepest point P thereof which, although not particularly limited, may be set to preferably from 0.05 to 0.5 mm, and more preferably from 0.1 to 0.4 mm.
  • the method of configuring the dimples is not particularly limited, although preferred use may be made of a method which uses a geometrically configured pattern in the form of a regular polyhedron such as a regular octahedron, a regular dodecahedron or a regular icosahedron, or a method that involves configuring the dimples with rotational symmetry about the poles of the ball, such as three-fold symmetry, four-fold symmetry, five-fold symmetry or six-fold symmetry.
  • the total number of dimples formed on the ball surface is set to at least 250, preferably at least 275, and more preferably at least 300.
  • the upper limit in the number of dimples is set to not more than 380, preferably not more than 370, and more preferably not more than 360.
  • the dimples formed on the surface of the ball include at least one dimple having the above-described cross-sectional shape, such dimples accounting for a portion of all the dimples. Accordingly, in this invention, it is not necessary for all the dimples formed on the ball surface to be dimples having the above-described cross-sectional shape, it being possible to intersperse conventional dimples. In such a case, the dimples having the above-described cross-sectional shape account for a proportion of the total number of dimples formed on the ball surface which, although not particularly limited, may be set to 20% or more, preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more, even more preferably 80% or more, and most preferably 100%.
  • dimples of mutually differing diameter and/or depth it is recommended that preferably at least two types, and more preferably at least three types, of dimples of mutually differing diameter and/or depth be formed.
  • dimples which do not satisfy the above-described conditions are included, if such dimples include ones of mutually differing diameter and/or depth, they shall be regarded here as differing types of dimples.
  • the proportion SR (%) of the total surface area of the imaginary spherical surface of the ball that is circumscribed by the edges of the above dimples, sometimes referred to as the “dimple coverage ratio,” is generally at least 70%, and preferably at least 80%. At an SR value outside of this range, a suitable trajectory may not be obtained, which may result in a decreased distance.
  • the dimple spatial occupancy VR in the above range, when the ball is struck with a distance club such as a driver, the shot can be prevented from rising too steeply or from dropping without gaining enough height.
  • a technique may be employed in which 3D CAD/CAM is used to directly cut the entire surface shape three-dimensionally into a master mold from which the golf ball mold is subsequently made by pattern reversal, or to directly cut three-dimensionally the cavity (inside walls) of the golf ball mold.
  • various types of coatings such as white enamel coatings, epoxy coatings and clear coatings, may be applied to the ball surface.
  • white enamel coatings such as white enamel coatings, epoxy coatings and clear coatings
  • the golf ball of the invention is not particularly limited with regard to the internal construction. That is, the present art may be applied to any type of golf ball, including solid golf balls such as one-piece golf balls, two-piece golf balls, and multi-piece golf balls having a construction of three or more layers, and also wound golf balls.
  • solid golf balls such as one-piece golf balls, two-piece golf balls, and multi-piece golf balls having a construction of three or more layers, and also wound golf balls.
  • FIG. 6 the use of a multi-piece solid golf ball Gin which an intermediate layer 2 composed of one or more layers is formed between a solid core 1 and a cover 3 is especially preferred.
  • the symbol D represents a dimple.
  • the solid core 1 is preferably formed primarily of polybutadiene. Also, the solid core 1 has a deflection when compressed under a final load of 1,275 N (130 kgf) from an initial load of 98 N (10 kgf) which, although not particularly limited, may be set to preferably at least 2.0 mm and preferably not more than 6.0 mm.
  • the materials used in the intermediate layer 2 and the cover 3 are not particularly limited. Preferred use may be made of, for example, known ionomer resins, thermoplastic elastomers and thermoset elastomers. Exemplary thermoplastic elastomers include polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, olefin and styrene-type thermoplastic elastomers.
  • the material hardness of the intermediate layer may be set to a Shore D hardness of generally at least 30 and generally not more than 75.
  • the material hardness of the cover although not particularly limited, may be set to a Shore D hardness of generally at least 30 and generally not more than 75.
  • the above material hardnesses are values obtained by using a molding press to mold the material into sheets having a thickness of 2 mm, stacking the molded sheets to a thickness of at least 6 mm, and measuring the hardness in accordance with ASTM D2240 with a type D durometer.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer and the thickness of the cover are each preferably set in the range of 0.3 to 3.0 mm.
  • Ball parameters such as the weight and diameter may be suitably set in accordance with the Rules of Golf
  • the golf ball of the invention by having dimples of a characteristic cross-sectional shape formed on the surface thereof, has a reduced air resistance during flight. This improves the aerodynamic performance of the ball, enabling a higher trajectory to be achieved. As a result, the distance traveled by the ball can be further increased.
  • the ball had a three-layer construction composed of a core 1 , an intermediate layer 2 and a cover 3 . Details on each of these layers are given below.
  • the resulting rubber composition was molded and vulcanized in a core mold at vulcanization conditions of 155° C. and 13 minutes, thereby producing solid cores having a diameter of 37.7 mm.
  • the resulting solid cores had a deflection, as measured following compression under a final load of 1,275 N (130 kgf) from an initial load of 98 N (10 kgf), of 3.6 mm.
  • an intermediate layer having a thickness of 1.7 mm was formed by an injection molding process over the cores obtained as described above.
  • a cover having a thickness of 0.8 nun was formed by an injection molding process, thereby producing three-piece solid golf balls having a diameter of 42.7 mm and a weight of 45.4 g. Dimples were formed on the ball surface at the same time as the cover was molded.
  • the intermediate layer material was a resin composition obtained by blending Himilan® 1605, Himilan® 1557, Himilan® 1706 (all ionomer resins available from DuPont-Mitsui Polychemicals Co., Ltd.) and trimethylolpropane in the weight ratio 50/15/35/1.1.
  • the cover material was a resin composition obtained by blending Pandex T-8295 (a polyurethane thermoplastic elastomer available from DIC Bayer Polymer, Ltd.), titanium oxide, Sanwax 161P (a polyethylene wax available from Sanyo Chemical industries, Ltd.) and an isocyanate compound (4,4′-diphenylmetharie diisocyanate) in the weight ratio 100/3.5/1/7.5.
  • the intermediate layer material and the cover material had Shore D material hardnesses of respectively 62 and 47.
  • a driver (W#1) was set on a swing robot, and the height at the top of the trajectory (highest point attained) as well as the carry and the total distance traveled by the ball when struck were measured.
  • the striking conditions were set as follows: initial ball velocity, about 65 m/s; launch angle, about 10° ; initial backspin, about 3,000 rpm.
  • the club used was a TourStage X-Drive 701 (loft, 9°) manufactured by Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. The measured results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
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US15/825,347 2016-12-26 2017-11-29 Golf ball Abandoned US20180178070A1 (en)

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JP2016250588A JP6848423B2 (ja) 2016-12-26 2016-12-26 ゴルフボール
JP2016-250588 2016-12-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230034653A1 (en) * 2021-07-14 2023-02-02 Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd Golf ball

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US4681323A (en) * 1984-02-07 1987-07-21 Bridgestone Corporation Golf ball
US4729861A (en) * 1972-03-20 1988-03-08 Acushnet Company Method of making golf balls
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US6039660A (en) * 1997-08-15 2000-03-21 Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd. Golf ball
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230034653A1 (en) * 2021-07-14 2023-02-02 Bridgestone Sports Co., Ltd Golf ball

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