US20180079551A1 - Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can - Google Patents

Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180079551A1
US20180079551A1 US15/824,118 US201715824118A US2018079551A1 US 20180079551 A1 US20180079551 A1 US 20180079551A1 US 201715824118 A US201715824118 A US 201715824118A US 2018079551 A1 US2018079551 A1 US 2018079551A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
tab
panel
deformation
tilting
connecting element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/824,118
Inventor
Fabrice Leboucher
Guy Druesne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trivium Packaging Group Netherlands BV
Original Assignee
Ardagh MP Group Netherlands BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ardagh MP Group Netherlands BV filed Critical Ardagh MP Group Netherlands BV
Priority to US15/824,118 priority Critical patent/US20180079551A1/en
Assigned to IMPRESS GROUP B.V. reassignment IMPRESS GROUP B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DRUESNE, GUY, LEBOUCHER, FABRICE
Assigned to ARDAGH MP GROUP NETHERLANDS B.V. reassignment ARDAGH MP GROUP NETHERLANDS B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IMPRESS GROUP B.V.
Publication of US20180079551A1 publication Critical patent/US20180079551A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D17/00Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions
    • B65D17/28Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness
    • B65D17/401Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness characterised by having the line of weakness provided in an end wall
    • B65D17/4012Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions at lines or points of weakness characterised by having the line of weakness provided in an end wall for opening partially by means of a tearing tab
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D17/00Rigid or semi-rigid containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or by tearing of frangible members or portions
    • B65D17/165
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/0001Details
    • B65D2517/001Action for opening container
    • B65D2517/0016Action for opening container pivot tab, push-down and pull-out tear panel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65DCONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2517/00Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins
    • B65D2517/0001Details
    • B65D2517/0058Other details of container end panel
    • B65D2517/0074Local recess in container end panel
    • B65D2517/0079Local recess in container end panel located beneath tab hand grip to facilitate initial lifting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a can, to a panel for a can and to a method for making such panel or can.
  • the can according to the invention may be of the type of a so called easy opening closure.
  • An easy opening closure is a metal closure for a can in which an opening may be formed by using one or more fingers and without the requirement of a separate opening tool.
  • the can is provided with a tab for forming an opening in the panel of the can.
  • the tab functions as a lever.
  • the tab comprises a tab rear part for gripping by the consumer with one or more fingers.
  • the tab is actuated by levering the tab whereby the tab front part contacts the panel.
  • the panel is provided with an opening defined by a score line which is formed in the panel surface. After popping the score line with the tilted tab front part the opening in the panel is formed along the score line. If intended, the central part of the panel circumvented by the score line may be torn off using the tab. Accordingly, an easy opening can is a can in which an opening may be formed without the need of using a separate opening tool.
  • Such can may be filled and subsequently closed by seaming or soldering the easy opening panel onto the can. Thereafter the filled easy opening can may be subjected to heating or cooling and further handling for packaging and transport.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a can and a panel for such a can which provides an optimal finger access underneath the rear tab part, and/or allow a lower force to lift the rear tab part and form the opening in the can.
  • the present invention provides a can, comprising a body provided with a panel and a tab connected to the panel, which tab has a front tab part and a rear tab part for by gripping and tilting forming with the tab front part an opening in the panel along a panel score line, wherein the tab is in a tilted position due to a deformation of the tab-panel connection
  • the present invention is based on the insight that a part of the opening procedure may be carried out by the producer of the panel or the supplier of the can prior to making the can available to the consumer.
  • the starting part of the opening procedure goes through an elastic deformation and subsequent plastic deformation of the tab-panel connection up to the popping of the score line whereafter the initial opening and access to the container occurs. It is in this starting part of the opening procedure up to just before popping which is to be carried out prior to making the can available to the consumer.
  • the start of the opening procedure is to be carried out to such extent that the tab in the tilted position will not interfere with the production and filling of the can and the transport to the consumer.
  • the tab-panel connection will deform first elastically and subsequently plastically. This will result in a required lower force to be applied by the consumer for popping the opening and/or the tab remains in the tilted position due to the applied elastic and subsequently plastic (permanent) deformation of the tab-panel connection.
  • the deformation in only the tab part of the tab-panel connection occurs. In an other embodiment occurs the deformation in only the panel part of the tab-panel connection. In both these embodiments is the tab directly connected to the panel by seaming, soldering or glueing.
  • a tab connected to the panel via a structural connecting element and occurs at least partly the deformation in this structural connecting element.
  • This structural connecting element could be an integral part of the panel or could be a separate structural element such as a rivet.
  • the deformation not only occurs in the tab part, in the panel part or in the structural connecting element, but occurs in the assembly of the tab and panel or tab, structural connecting element and panel, which form the tab-panel connection or assembly.
  • the rear tab part resides within the can confinement.
  • the finger access of the tab rear part with the tab in the tilted position may be further improved when the rear tab part resides above a depressed panel part.
  • the start of the opening procedure goes through an elastic and subsequent plastic deformation of a tab-panel connection.
  • Plastic deformation is substantially permanent.
  • elastic and plastic deformation may occur at the same time in different parts of the tab-panel connection.
  • the deformation of the tab-panel connection comprises at least partially plastic deformation.
  • a subsequent aspect of the invention relates to a method of making a panel according to the invention.
  • This method comprises steps of connection a tab to a panel, and subsequently tilting the tab thereby deforming the tab-panel connection such that the tab remains in the tilted position.
  • the tilting step carried out by hooking (such as with a hook) by levering (such as by using a lever) and/or by helix spinning (using a spinning helix).
  • an additional mechanical element is gripping beneath the rear tab part for the subsequent carrying out of the tilting operation.
  • the tilting step carried out by glue pulling or magnetic pulling. Both these types of pullings occur with a mechanical element which is not gripping beneath the tab but makes contact with the upper surface of at least the rear tab part.
  • glue pulling the mechanical element temporarily contacts and pulls due to a glue action on the tab.
  • magnetic pulling such as by using an electro-magnet using magnetic force.
  • the present invention relates to a panel or can obtainable with method according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross sectional views of the two steps in making a can provided with a panel according to the invention which was brought into the tilted position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a can 1 .
  • the can 1 comprises a body 2 to which is connected via a seam 3 an easy opening panel 4 .
  • the panel 4 comprises a tab 5 having a rear tab part 6 and a front tab part 7 .
  • the tab 5 is connected to the panel 4 via a structural connecting element 8 .
  • This element 8 is integral with the panel 4 and has the form of a rivet.
  • the rivet 9 is inserted in an opening 10 and is locked into the opening by a widened upper section 11 .
  • the front tab part 7 is provided with a nose 12 which could operate with a score line 13 formed into the panel 4 .
  • a nose 12 which could operate with a score line 13 formed into the panel 4 .
  • the can 1 shown in FIG. 1 may be considered an intermediate can to be used in the method according to the invention for producing a panel and can according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the can 14 according to the invention with the tab 5 brought into the illustrated and shown tilted position.
  • an electro magnet 15 was brought into contact with the rear tab part 6 and under magnetic force the tab 5 was lifted according to the arrow 16 thereby generating a finger access 17 between panel 4 and rear tab part 6 .
  • the tab 5 remains in this shown tilted position due to a deformation 18 in the tab panel connection 19 systematically indicated by the oval area.
  • the tilting may have resulted in a deformation of the tab part 20 , and or the rivet part 21 and or panel part 22 all forming part of the tab-panel connection.
  • the deformation in the tab 5 , in the rivet 9 and or panel 4 may be elastic and/or plastic.
  • the step according to the invention for bringing the tab in the tilted position may by carried out with a modified or additional tooling used in a current apparatus used in the production of easy opening panels and cans.
  • a current apparatus used in the production of easy opening panels and cans.
  • Such apparatus comprises an easy opening conversion press, a labeller machine for filled cans and thelike.
  • a stand alone machine may be used and inserted in any possible area of the production line of easy opening panels and cans.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers Opened By Tearing Frangible Portions (AREA)
  • Rigid Containers With Two Or More Constituent Elements (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

The invention related to a can comprising a body provided with as panel and a tab connected to the panel, which tab has a front tab part and a rear tab part for gripping and filling and forming with the tab front part an opening in the panel along a panel score line, wherein the tab is in a third position due to a deformation of a tab-panel connection, to a panel and to a method of making the panel and/or can.

Description

  • The present invention relates to a can, to a panel for a can and to a method for making such panel or can.
  • The can according to the invention may be of the type of a so called easy opening closure. An easy opening closure is a metal closure for a can in which an opening may be formed by using one or more fingers and without the requirement of a separate opening tool. To that extent the can is provided with a tab for forming an opening in the panel of the can. The tab functions as a lever. The tab comprises a tab rear part for gripping by the consumer with one or more fingers. The tab is actuated by levering the tab whereby the tab front part contacts the panel. The panel is provided with an opening defined by a score line which is formed in the panel surface. After popping the score line with the tilted tab front part the opening in the panel is formed along the score line. If intended, the central part of the panel circumvented by the score line may be torn off using the tab. Accordingly, an easy opening can is a can in which an opening may be formed without the need of using a separate opening tool.
  • Such can may be filled and subsequently closed by seaming or soldering the easy opening panel onto the can. Thereafter the filled easy opening can may be subjected to heating or cooling and further handling for packaging and transport. This requires that the tab, in particular the tab rear part remains within the confinement of the can (in particular within the can seaming edge) such that interference by a projecting tab part is substantially avoided. This requirement counters the requirement for easy access of the tab rear part for gripping with one or more fingers by the consumer.
  • Accordingly, there is a continuous need for providing an easy opening panel for a can which combines optimal conditions for the supplier of the panel and can and, for the consumer.
  • The present invention has for its object to provide a can and a panel for such a can which provides an optimal finger access underneath the rear tab part, and/or allow a lower force to lift the rear tab part and form the opening in the can.
  • Accordingly the present invention provides a can, comprising a body provided with a panel and a tab connected to the panel, which tab has a front tab part and a rear tab part for by gripping and tilting forming with the tab front part an opening in the panel along a panel score line, wherein the tab is in a tilted position due to a deformation of the tab-panel connection
  • The present invention is based on the insight that a part of the opening procedure may be carried out by the producer of the panel or the supplier of the can prior to making the can available to the consumer. The starting part of the opening procedure goes through an elastic deformation and subsequent plastic deformation of the tab-panel connection up to the popping of the score line whereafter the initial opening and access to the container occurs. It is in this starting part of the opening procedure up to just before popping which is to be carried out prior to making the can available to the consumer. Obviously, the start of the opening procedure is to be carried out to such extent that the tab in the tilted position will not interfere with the production and filling of the can and the transport to the consumer. Furthermore, due to carrying out the tilting of the tab to the desired extent, the tab-panel connection will deform first elastically and subsequently plastically. This will result in a required lower force to be applied by the consumer for popping the opening and/or the tab remains in the tilted position due to the applied elastic and subsequently plastic (permanent) deformation of the tab-panel connection.
  • According to one embodiment occurs the deformation in only the tab part of the tab-panel connection. In an other embodiment occurs the deformation in only the panel part of the tab-panel connection. In both these embodiments is the tab directly connected to the panel by seaming, soldering or glueing.
  • In the alternative is a tab connected to the panel via a structural connecting element and occurs at least partly the deformation in this structural connecting element. This structural connecting element could be an integral part of the panel or could be a separate structural element such as a rivet. Obviously, in all these embodiments it is also possible that the deformation not only occurs in the tab part, in the panel part or in the structural connecting element, but occurs in the assembly of the tab and panel or tab, structural connecting element and panel, which form the tab-panel connection or assembly.
  • In order to avoid any interference with the general or standard production and filling operations it is preferred that the rear tab part resides within the can confinement.
  • The finger access of the tab rear part with the tab in the tilted position, may be further improved when the rear tab part resides above a depressed panel part.
  • As indicated above the start of the opening procedure goes through an elastic and subsequent plastic deformation of a tab-panel connection. Plastic deformation is substantially permanent. However, elastic and plastic deformation may occur at the same time in different parts of the tab-panel connection. In order to have a secured tilted position of the tab, it is preferred that the deformation of the tab-panel connection comprises at least partially plastic deformation.
  • A subsequent aspect of the invention relates to a method of making a panel according to the invention. This method comprises steps of connection a tab to a panel, and subsequently tilting the tab thereby deforming the tab-panel connection such that the tab remains in the tilted position. According to one embodiment is the tilting step carried out by hooking (such as with a hook) by levering (such as by using a lever) and/or by helix spinning (using a spinning helix). In all these embodiments an additional mechanical element is gripping beneath the rear tab part for the subsequent carrying out of the tilting operation.
  • In another embodiment is the tilting step carried out by glue pulling or magnetic pulling. Both these types of pullings occur with a mechanical element which is not gripping beneath the tab but makes contact with the upper surface of at least the rear tab part. In glue pulling the mechanical element temporarily contacts and pulls due to a glue action on the tab. Preferred is magnetic pulling such as by using an electro-magnet using magnetic force.
  • Finally the present invention relates to a panel or can obtainable with method according to the invention.
  • Mentioned and other features and characteristics of the panel, can and method for making will be further illustrated by making reference to an embodiment which is different for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit the present invention to any extend.
  • In this respect reference will be made to the annexed figures in which:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are cross sectional views of the two steps in making a can provided with a panel according to the invention which was brought into the tilted position.
  • FIG. 1 shows a can 1. The can 1 comprises a body 2 to which is connected via a seam 3 an easy opening panel 4. The panel 4 comprises a tab 5 having a rear tab part 6 and a front tab part 7.
  • The tab 5 is connected to the panel 4 via a structural connecting element 8. This element 8 is integral with the panel 4 and has the form of a rivet. The rivet 9 is inserted in an opening 10 and is locked into the opening by a widened upper section 11.
  • The front tab part 7 is provided with a nose 12 which could operate with a score line 13 formed into the panel 4. By tilting the tab 5 after gripping the rear tab part the nose will contact in the area near the score line and after applying sufficient force will ultimately pop open the panels 4 along the score line 13.
  • The can 1 shown in FIG. 1 may be considered an intermediate can to be used in the method according to the invention for producing a panel and can according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the can 14 according to the invention with the tab 5 brought into the illustrated and shown tilted position.
  • According to the preferred production method, an electro magnet 15 was brought into contact with the rear tab part 6 and under magnetic force the tab 5 was lifted according to the arrow 16 thereby generating a finger access 17 between panel 4 and rear tab part 6.
  • The tab 5 remains in this shown tilted position due to a deformation 18 in the tab panel connection 19 systematically indicated by the oval area. The tilting may have resulted in a deformation of the tab part 20, and or the rivet part 21 and or panel part 22 all forming part of the tab-panel connection. The deformation in the tab 5, in the rivet 9 and or panel 4 may be elastic and/or plastic. Preferably and ideally is the deformation at least partially plastic because it is a permanent deformation and then the tab is secured in the tilted position.
  • Finally it is noted that the step according to the invention for bringing the tab in the tilted position may by carried out with a modified or additional tooling used in a current apparatus used in the production of easy opening panels and cans. Such apparatus comprises an easy opening conversion press, a labeller machine for filled cans and thelike. Obviously, a stand alone machine may be used and inserted in any possible area of the production line of easy opening panels and cans.
  • Finally, as shown in FIG. 2 is the finger access optimal and even maximal if beneath the rear tab part 6 lies a depressed panel part 23.

Claims (19)

1. A can, comprising a body provided with a panel and a tab connected to the panel, which tab has a front tab part and a rear tab part for by gripping and tilting and forming with the tab front part an opening in the panel along a panel score line, wherein the tab is in a tilted position due to a deformation of a tab-panel connection.
2. The can according to claim 1, wherein the deformation is in the tab part of the tab-panel connection.
3. The can according to claim 1, wherein the deformation is in the panel part of the tab-panel connection.
4. The can according to claim 1, wherein the tab is connected to the panel via a structural connecting element, and the deformation is in the structural connecting element.
5. The can according to claim 1, wherein the structural connecting element is an integral part of the panel.
6. The can according to claim 1, wherein the structural connecting element is a separate structural connecting element.
7. The can according to claim 1, wherein the tab rear part resides within the can confinement.
8. The can according to claim 1, wherein the tab rear part resides above a depressed panel part.
9. The can according to claim 1, wherein the deformation comprises an at least partially plastic deformation.
10. A panel for a can as defined in claim 1.
11. A method for making a panel according to:
i) connecting a tab to the panel; and
ii) tilting the tab thereby deforming a tab-panel connection, such that the tab remains in the tilted position.
12. A method according to claim 11, wherein the tilting step ii) is carried out by at least one of hooking, levering and helix spinning.
13. A method according to claim 11, wherein the tilting step ii) is carried out by glue pulling or magnetic pulling.
14. A panel obtainable by the method according to claim 11.
15. The can according to claim 1, wherein the structured element is a rivet.
16. A method for making a can, comprising:
i) connecting a tab to a panel; and
ii) tilting the tab thereby deforming a tab-panel connection, such that the tab remains in the tilted position.
17. The method according to claim 16, wherein the tilting step ii) is carried out by at least one of hooking, levering and helix spinning.
18. The method according to claim 16, wherein the tilting step ii) is carried out by glue pulling or magnetic pulling.
19. A can obtainable by the method according to claim 16.
US15/824,118 2007-12-24 2017-11-28 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can Abandoned US20180079551A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/824,118 US20180079551A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2017-11-28 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07025095.6 2007-12-24
EP07025095.6A EP2075199B1 (en) 2007-12-24 2007-12-24 Can and a method for making such a can
PCT/EP2008/010877 WO2009080298A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2008-12-16 Can, panel for a can and a method for making such a panel for can
US80994710A 2010-09-20 2010-09-20
US15/824,118 US20180079551A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2017-11-28 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/809,947 Continuation US20110006065A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2008-12-16 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can
PCT/EP2008/010877 Continuation WO2009080298A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2008-12-16 Can, panel for a can and a method for making such a panel for can

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20180079551A1 true US20180079551A1 (en) 2018-03-22

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US12/809,947 Abandoned US20110006065A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2008-12-16 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can
US15/824,118 Abandoned US20180079551A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2017-11-28 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can

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US12/809,947 Abandoned US20110006065A1 (en) 2007-12-24 2008-12-16 Can, Panel for a Can and a Method for Making Such a Panel for Can

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US (2) US20110006065A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2075199B1 (en)
JP (1) JP5517166B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101538819B1 (en)
CN (1) CN101910009B (en)
AU (1) AU2008340651B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0821526A2 (en)
CA (1) CA2710127A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2568435T3 (en)
GE (1) GEP20125546B (en)
MA (1) MA32028B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ586038A (en)
RU (1) RU2488532C2 (en)
UA (1) UA103471C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2009080298A1 (en)

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WO2011095319A1 (en) * 2010-02-02 2011-08-11 Klaus Thielen Can lid and method for producing a can lid
USD653109S1 (en) 2010-10-18 2012-01-31 Stolle Machinery Company, Llc Can end
US9550604B2 (en) 2010-10-18 2017-01-24 Silgan Containers Llc Can end with strengthening bead configuration
DK2607255T3 (en) * 2011-12-20 2016-08-01 Ardagh Mp Group Netherlands Bv The plate and the container, which is provided with such a plate
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US5655678A (en) * 1994-02-25 1997-08-12 Kobayashi; Tadao Container opening device with bend-supporting portion

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AU2008340651A1 (en) 2009-07-02
ES2568435T3 (en) 2016-04-29

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