US20170261204A1 - High intensity gas fired infrared emitter - Google Patents

High intensity gas fired infrared emitter Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20170261204A1
US20170261204A1 US15/456,025 US201715456025A US2017261204A1 US 20170261204 A1 US20170261204 A1 US 20170261204A1 US 201715456025 A US201715456025 A US 201715456025A US 2017261204 A1 US2017261204 A1 US 2017261204A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
high intensity
flame arrestor
infrared emitter
fired infrared
frame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/456,025
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Chris E. Vandegrift
Mitchell D. Cornelius
Jens-Uwe Meyer
Timothy M. O'Neal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Selas Heat Technology Company LLC
Original Assignee
Selas Heat Technology Company LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Selas Heat Technology Company LLC filed Critical Selas Heat Technology Company LLC
Priority to US15/456,025 priority Critical patent/US20170261204A1/en
Assigned to SELAS HEAT TECHNOLOGY COMPANY LLC reassignment SELAS HEAT TECHNOLOGY COMPANY LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MEYER, JENS-UWE, O'NEAL, TIMOTHY M, VANDEGRIFT, CHRIS E, CORNELIUS, MITCHELL D
Publication of US20170261204A1 publication Critical patent/US20170261204A1/en
Assigned to PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION reassignment PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: LIONHEART INDUSTRIAL GROUP LLC
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F23D14/147—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates with perforated plates as radiation intensifying means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/14—Radiant burners using screens or perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/74—Preventing flame lift-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/151—Radiant burners with radiation intensifying means other than screens or perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/10—Flame flashback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2209/00—Safety arrangements
    • F23D2209/20—Flame lift-off / stability

Definitions

  • the present disclosure is directed generally to high intensity gas-fired infrared emitters, and more specifically, to high intensity gas-fired infrared emitters including a flame arrestor and a cellular combustion member to provide improved conversion efficiency.
  • Gas-fired radiant emitters are used, for example, for drying coating, controlling moisture profiles, processing industrial building equipment, curing, and other applications that require a large amount of heat to be transferred to a load in a very short amount of time.
  • many emitters are positioned side-by-side to extend across an industrial automated machine or production line.
  • the present disclosure is directed generally to high intensity gas-fired infrared emitters including a flame arrestor and a cellular combustion member to provide improved conversion efficiency.
  • the disclosed embodiments provide advantages over conventional emitters by making the device less prone to instances of backfire during operation. Additionally, the disclosed embodiments minimize energy loss through components of the emitter near the external surface which transfers heat. The combination of a flame arrestor and cellular surface panel allows for a high surface area with minimal losses, resulting in improved conversion efficiency.
  • a high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter includes (i) a frame having a plurality of side walls, an open bottom, and an open top; (ii) a flame arrestor mounted inside the frame and including a bottom, a top surface having a recess, and a plurality of apertures extending from the bottom to the recessed top surface; and (iii) a cellular surface panel formed of a plurality of cells and mounted inside the recess of the flame arrestor such that the plurality of apertures of the flame arrestor form pathways which extend into the cellular surface panel.
  • each of the plurality of cells of the cellular surface panel comprises a geometry to form a restricted path for products of combustion.
  • the cellular surface panel comprises at least two consecutively connected solid porous bodies.
  • At least two consecutively connected solid porous bodies have different sizes.
  • the emitter further includes a body mounted within the frame and a resilient element configured to retain the flame arrestor, the cellular surface panel and the body within the frame.
  • the body supports a deflector plate positioned dimensionally offset relative to the body.
  • an offset is arranged between the flame arrestor and the body mounted within the frame to increase a volume of a chamber formed therein.
  • the flame arrestor is made of a lightweight ceramic fiber material composed principally of aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide.
  • the emitter further includes a fire check assembly coupled to the body to stop gas flow to the cellular surface panel in a failure event.
  • a high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter includes (i) a frame having at least one side wall, an open bottom, and an open top; (ii) a flame arrestor mounted inside the frame and including a bottom, a top surface having a recess, and a plurality of apertures extending from the bottom to the recessed top surface; (iii) a cellular surface panel mounted inside the recess of the flame arrestor such that the plurality of apertures of the flame arrestor form pathways which extend into the cellular surface panel; and (iv) a fire check assembly coupled with the emitter.
  • the assembly includes a solder joint positioned proximate a gas outlet, and a plunger rod fixed to the solder joint and in a compressed state via a resilient member.
  • the solder joint is configured to break when exposed to a flame causing the plunger rod to be displaced to close a gas inlet.
  • the resilient member is a spring urging the plunger rod towards the gas inlet.
  • the cellular surface panel comprises at least two consecutively connected solid porous bodies.
  • the flame arrestor is made of a lightweight ceramic fiber material composed principally of aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide.
  • the cellular surface panel is formed from silicon carbide (Si—SiC).
  • a method of operating a high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter includes a frame, a flame arrestor mounted inside the frame, and a cellular surface panel mounted inside the flame arrestor.
  • the method of operating includes the steps of (i) introducing a combustible mixture into the high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter through an inlet manifold; (ii) dispersing the combustible mixture into a cavity; (iii) forcing, by a deflector plate, the combustible mixture to fill a chamber, (iv) forming a pressure tight seal within the chamber; (v) passing the combustible mixture through apertures within the flame arrestor to maintain a low air-gas temperature prior to combustion; and (vi) igniting the mixture to heat cells of the cellular surface panel.
  • the chamber is formed by at least one gasket, the flame arrestor, a cast iron body, the frame, and at least one resilient member.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter assembly, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a flame arrestor, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cellular surface panel, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a cast iron body, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire check assembly, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the gas-fired infrared emitter assembly shown in the figures is shown in an upward orientation, the gas-fired infrared emitter is typically operated in the downward orientation.
  • the description of the assembly shown in the figures is not intended to be limited to a particular orientation.
  • the terms “top” and “bottom” as used herein describe elements of the assembly based on the upward orientation of the assembly shown in the figures. In other words, for example, the “open bottom side 4 A” also represents “an open top side” when the assembly is rotated 180 degrees in use.
  • a high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter assembly is shown schematically in a cross-sectional view according to an example embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a metallic housing is formed from a high temperature metal, such as, stainless steel.
  • the high intensity gas-fired infrared emitter broadly includes a frame 1 , a flame arrestor 9 , and a cellular surface panel 10 . In the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the frame 1 comprises four vertical side walls 2 , four horizontal edges 3 formed as a 90-degree continuation of each of the side walls 2 , an open bottom side 4 A, a substantially open top side 4 B defined by the horizontal edges 3 and extensions 7 , and four tabs 2 A (two on each of the side walls 2 ) that contain slots 5 .
  • the flame arrestor 9 is mounted inside the frame 1 and includes a bottom, a top surface having a recess, and apertures 44 extending from the bottom to the recessed top surface.
  • Cellular surface panel 10 is formed from silicon carbide (Si—SiC) and located within the confines of the flame arrestor 9 .
  • extensions 7 are included either integrally or otherwise within frame 1 . Extensions 7 extend from horizontal edges 3 in a direction away from side walls 2 . Extensions 7 can be made of any suitable metal, for example, stainless steel. In an example embodiment, two extensions 7 are arranged on each of the longer sides of a rectangular frame 1 . Additional or fewer extensions are contemplated. Any suitable sizes and shapes of extensions are contemplated. In an example embodiment, the horizontal edges 3 include indentations such that the non-indented portions retain the cellular surface panel in place within the flame arrestor 9 .
  • the slots 5 within the frame 1 are arranged to receive resilient elements 6 on each side of the emitter. Resilient elements 6 can be springs or any suitable alternative.
  • metallic components are formed inside each of the four corners of the frame 1 .
  • Such metallic components can be formed from a high temperature metal, such as, stainless steel, or any suitable alternative.
  • the metallic corner components can be sized such that at least 0.5 inches of metallic material, for example, extends in length and width directions, normal to the open horizontal face 4 B.
  • the corner components can be fixed into position mechanically via a weld or any suitable alternative along with additional compression force produced by resilient elements 6 .
  • a rectangular gasket 8 is arranged inside the outer edge of frame 1 and within the boundary of the horizontal edges 3 .
  • the rectangular gasket 8 can be made from high temperature ceramic paper or any suitable alternative.
  • a flame arrestor 9 formed of high temperature ceramic fiber insulation or any suitable alternative.
  • the flame arrestor 9 includes four side walls 40 that fit dimensionally inside metallic frame 1 .
  • the side walls 40 can be integral or separately formed.
  • each of the four side walls 40 is defined by a wall thickness 41 of approximately 0.33 inches.
  • Wall thickness 41 may define the shape of recess 42 .
  • Recess 42 extends vertically downward to a point approximately forty percent of the total height of side walls 40 of the flame arrestor 9 .
  • Apertures 44 are formed from the bottom 43 through the top plane of recess 42 within the remaining sixty percent of the total height of side walls 40 .
  • apertures 44 are approximately 0.04-0.06 inches in diameter and formed by drilling.
  • apertures 44 are arranged in a regular pattern. In an example embodiment, the apertures are arranged in an irregular pattern.
  • the center-to-center distance between apertures 44 may be in the range of 0.15-0.3 inches, for example, and the density of the apertures 44 may be spread evenly across the plane of recess 42 to provide a total number of apertures in the range of 600-800. However, additional or fewer apertures are contemplated and the apertures need not be spread evenly across the plane of recess 42 .
  • the apertures 44 are arranged such that the apertures communicate with (i.e., form pathways which extend into) the cellular geometry of cellular surface panel 10 (shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the flame arrestor 9 may be formed of a lightweight ceramic fiber material suitable for 3000 F and composed principally of aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ).
  • the suitable material is composed of approximately 78 percent aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) and/or 22 percent silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) and/or a density of 25 lb/ft 3 .
  • the flame arrestor 9 also may exhibit continuous use up to 2950 degrees Fahrenheit (or 3000 degrees Fahrenheit), thermal conductivity of 1.25 Btu/(hr)(ft 2 )(° F./in), and 2.3 percent shrinkage at 2500 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • the high temperature range, high compressive strength, and minimal shrinkage allow the material to be processed with 400-800 holes, for example, without any surface cracking ensuring long emitter life.
  • the insulation properties of the flame arrestor 9 effectively hold an air/gas mixture temperature on the bottom side of the flame arrestor 9 (where an air/gas mixture enters the emitter) approximately 2300 degrees Fahrenheit lower than a main combustion zone on the opposite side.
  • the flame arrestor 9 effectively insulates the frame 1 from the cellular surface panel 10 , thus minimizing losses and increasing conversion efficiency of the emitter.
  • the cellular surface panel 10 may have a profile that substantially corresponds in shape and size to the flame arrestor recess 42 and to the top opening 4 B of the frame 1 .
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the cellular surface panel 10 including an inner surface 45 , side walls 46 , and an external surface 47 , opposite the inner surface 45 .
  • the cellular surface panel 10 may be made of Si—SiC, which provides a high thermal conductivity, emissivity, shock resistance, and lower coefficient of thermal expansion required to retain overall life of the emitter as it is subjected to extremely high thermomechanical loading. Any suitable alternative or combination of alternatives which provide(s) substantially similar characteristics is contemplated.
  • cell 48 can be embodied as a truncated cube or truncated hexahedron having about fourteen regular faces, thirty-six edges, and twenty-four vertices.
  • Cell 48 and all consecutively connected cells, may have diameters of differing sizes ranging from 0.05-0.15 inches, for example, extruded through each of the faces, increasing viewpoint surface area exposure through the external surface 47 .
  • the increased surface area created by the consecutively connected and layered cells (truncated cubes) provides over five times the amount of surface area than the surface area of the external surface 47 .
  • a ceramic paper gasket 8 A that is of similar shape and size of the ceramic paper gasket 8 is arranged coincident to the underside of the flame arrestor 9 .
  • On the bottom side of the ceramic paper gasket 8 A may be rectangular gasket 11 of graphite composition, sized to correspond with the ceramic paper gasket 8 A.
  • a cast iron body 12 may be positioned to rest against the graphite gasket 11 inside the confines of the frame 1 .
  • the general convex envelope of the cast iron body 12 and the offset distance created by the ceramic paper gaskets 8 A and 11 forms chamber 13 between cast iron body 12 and the flame arrestor 9 .
  • a schematic top view of a cast iron body 12 is shown including pegs 49 positioned within the cast iron body 12 .
  • Pegs 49 extend vertically to support the deflector plate 15 (shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the pegs 49 may be positioned such that the total amount on each side of axis 50 is equal.
  • the deflector plate 15 may be formed from alloy or mild steel and can include four side walls that are offset dimensionally relative to the inside of the inner side walls 52 of the cast iron body 12 .
  • Dimensional offset 16 (shown in FIG.
  • Cast iron body 12 may include female threads at an inlet manifold 17 to accept a fire check assembly 18 in an example embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic cross-sectional view of a fire check assembly 18 .
  • the fire check assembly can include a short pipe nipple 53 , a union 54 , a pipe nipple 55 , an insert 56 , a frame 61 , a plunger 62 , and a resilient element 67 .
  • the resilient element 67 can be a spring or any suitable alternative.
  • the short iron pipe nipple 53 communicates with the union 54
  • the iron pipe nipple 55 maintains a threaded connection relationship with the union 54 .
  • the insert 56 may have an outer diameter that allows it to be press fitted into position inside the iron pipe nipple 55 , flush with a bottom face 57 .
  • the insert 56 may include a bore 58 , a counter-bore 59 , and two slots 60 to accept both sides 61 A of the frame 61 .
  • the counter-bore 59 may be dimensioned such that it accepts plunger 62 if the two surfaces have a coincident relationship.
  • Frame 61 may be formed of mild steel strip of approximately 1 ⁇ 8 inches thickness and 0.2 inches width, for example. Two 90-degree bends form sides 61 A, which correspond to the inner diameter/length of the pipe run, which includes the short nipple 53 , union 54 , and pipe nipple 55 .
  • Cross members 64 and 66 may be positioned to support sides 61 A, which may be fixed in position by mechanical weld or any suitable alternative.
  • Each frame cross member includes a hole drilled concentric to bore 58 to communicate/guide plunger rod 65 .
  • Plunger rod 65 is fixed in place at solder joint 63 .
  • Resilient element 67 is compressed against cross member 66 .
  • Resilient element 67 may be dimensioned such that its inner diameter corresponds with the outer diameter of plunger rod 65 (allowing ease of movement), and has a length such that sufficient compression force remains present with plunger 62 in a coincident position with counter-bore 59 .
  • the fire check assembly 18 may be dimensioned such that the top of the frame 61 may be inserted inside the inlet casting manifold 17 of the emitter with, for example, approximately 1 ⁇ 3 inches clearance to the bottom side of the deflector plate 15 .
  • a pre-mixed air/gas (e.g., natural gas or propane) mixture can be introduced into fire check assembly 18 in an air-to-gas ratio of, for example, approximately 10:1 for natural gas (25:1 for propane) sufficient to, when ignited, produce flames and products of combustion.
  • the flame arrestor 9 allows for a reduced amount of excess air compared to prior technologies as excess air is not required for cooling of the emitter.
  • a reduction in flow path area is encountered by the air-gas mixture upon entering assembly 18 , caused by insert 56 as well as frame 61 and plunger 62 .
  • the reduction in flow path area may be sufficient to limit the overall energy input to the emitter (based on its maximum operating conditions), while at the same time providing enough back pressure to allow any premix manifold to distribute the proper mixture equally to pluralities of emitters when positioned side-by-side to extend cross directionally.
  • the air-gas mixture is introduced into the infrared emitter through the casting inlet manifold 17 where it expands into the annular casting manifold before dispersing into the cavity 19 , formed from the general convex envelope of the cast iron body 12 .
  • the air/gas mixture reaches the cavity 19 , it encounters the deflector plate 15 , which forces the air-gas mixture to fill the chamber 13 through the offset gap 16 (around all sides of the casting body 12 ), ensuring equal distribution and uniform emitter surface temperature profile.
  • the ceramic paper gasket 8 A, graphite gasket 11 , flame arrestor 9 , casting body 12 , frame 1 , and resilient elements 6 not only allow the formation of chamber 13 , but can also create a pressure tight seal.
  • the gasket combination 8 A and 11 can create an increased offset between the flame arrestor 9 and the casting body 12 , increasing the volume of chamber 13 and dwell time of the air/gas mixture, further improving distribution effectiveness.
  • the casting body 12 , frame 1 , and resilient elements 6 may be configured such that when in the assembled position, resilient elements 6 exert a homogeneous compressive force on the casting body 12 , which compresses gaskets 8 A and 11 and the flame arrestor 9 against the horizontal edges 3 of the frame 1 .
  • the composition of gasket 11 is such that the gasket spreads when compressed to fill any small voids that may be present between the casting body 12 , frame 1 , and flame arrestor 9 . Additional sealing characteristics are achieved as the temperature of the graphite gasket 11 is increased beyond room temperature.
  • apertures 44 are annular nozzles.
  • the flow path travel distance through each aperture in the flame arrestor 9 is such that there is enough material to insulate the air-gas mixture in the chamber 13 from the combustion zone temperatures on the recess 42 , maintaining a low air-gas premix temperature inside of the emitter (prior to combustion), which is vital in reducing the occurrence of backfire during normal operation of the emitter.
  • the flame arrestor 9 also insulates the metallic vertical side walls 2 of the frame 1 from the cellular surface panel 10 . This effect minimizes energy loss through parts of the emitter near the external surface 4 B (the surface of the emitter that is meant to transfer heat).
  • the material composition of the flame arrestor 9 can both ensure proper function through the insulation of the chamber 13 and minimize losses through the frame 1 .
  • each aperture 44 As the gas mixture enters the inlet of each aperture 44 , the fluid velocity increases, creating well defined fluid streams that extend into the interconnected truncated cubes of the cellular surface panel 10 .
  • An external ignition source may ignite the mixture and each of the apertures 44 can form very well defined flames that reach the top of the surface 47 of the cellular surface panel (shown in FIG. 3 ). As the individual flames heat the portion of the cells into which they extend, the reaction also releases products of combustion that circulate within the cellular structure prior to reaching the external surface 47 .
  • the complex geometry of the cellular surface panel 10 forms a restricted path for the products of combustion, which, through transmission, transfer heat to the steady stream of reactants that continue to flow through the emitter body.
  • the combustion methodology forces all flames to dissipate, moving the combustion zone into the lower half of the cellular surface panel 10 , concurrently.
  • the stabilization of combustion within the bottom half of the cellular surface panel permits an ongoing internal recuperation of heat and forms a homogeneous temperature field across the surface of the infrared emitter, referred to herein as “cellular combustion.”
  • Cellular combustion generates a very large temperature difference in the products of combustion when measured at the initial point of generation and at the point of exiting the external surface 47 , increasing overall emitter conversion efficiency and creating a peak energy wavelength that extends well into the short wavelength spectrum.
  • the peak energy wavelength ranges between 780 nm to 1 mm.
  • the combination of the disclosed flame arrestor and cellular surface panel provides a high surface area with minimal losses, resulting in a very high conversion efficiency. Further, nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions are less than 15 ppm at ten percent excess air at nominal firing rates and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions are typically at less than 100 ppm at ten percent excess air at nominal firing rates. Moreover, in installations using multiple emitters, significantly fewer emitters are required due to the emitters' efficiency, thus decreasing the time required for routine maintenance.
  • NOx nitrogen oxide
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • solder joint 63 of the frame 61 and the plunger rod 65 are positioned to cause quick failure of the joint 63 . Failure of the joint 63 releases the compression force caused by resilient element 67 resting in a compressed position against cross member 66 . Movement of resilient element 67 from a compressed state to an uncompressed state releases the compression force, moving plunger 62 into a coincident position with counter-bore 59 . The length of resilient element 67 is such that the opposite side of resilient element 67 remains in contact with cross member 66 causing enough of a compression force on plunger 62 to shut off the air/gas flow into the emitter.
  • the cells 48 of the cellular surface panel 10 can be formed of any particular solid porous body geometry.
  • the cellular surface panel 10 can be formed of any number of consecutively connected solid porous body geometries, can have any number of layers, and can be held in place using additional structural support extending from horizontal edges 3 of the frame 1 .
  • the flame arrestor 9 can have a recess 42 of any depth and wall thickness to accommodate the dimensional boundaries that define the cellular surface panel 10 , can have any number of apertures, not necessarily round, in any pattern, and the apertures may contain larger recessed holes for increased retention aperture surface area.
  • inventive embodiments are presented by way of example only and that, within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereto, inventive embodiments may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described and claimed.
  • inventive embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to each individual feature, system, article, material, and/or method described herein.
  • any combination of two or more such features, systems, articles, materials, and/or methods, if such features, systems, articles, materials, and/or methods are not mutually inconsistent, is included within the inventive scope of the present disclosure.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Gasket Seals (AREA)
US15/456,025 2016-03-10 2017-03-10 High intensity gas fired infrared emitter Abandoned US20170261204A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/456,025 US20170261204A1 (en) 2016-03-10 2017-03-10 High intensity gas fired infrared emitter

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201662306214P 2016-03-10 2016-03-10
US15/456,025 US20170261204A1 (en) 2016-03-10 2017-03-10 High intensity gas fired infrared emitter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20170261204A1 true US20170261204A1 (en) 2017-09-14

Family

ID=59787841

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/456,025 Abandoned US20170261204A1 (en) 2016-03-10 2017-03-10 High intensity gas fired infrared emitter

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20170261204A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP3426980B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2019507861A (zh)
KR (1) KR20180121600A (zh)
CN (2) CN117927947A (zh)
CA (1) CA3017360A1 (zh)
MX (1) MX2018010935A (zh)
WO (1) WO2017156440A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020132759A1 (es) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María Quemador poroso para hornos
CN110425535B (zh) * 2019-07-16 2024-08-09 华帝股份有限公司 一种蜂窝发热体
FR3103260B1 (fr) 2019-11-15 2021-11-26 Solaronics Sa Emetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge
FR3117191B1 (fr) 2020-12-03 2023-02-10 Solaronics Emetteur de rayonnement infra-rouge

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654000A (en) * 1979-11-16 1987-03-31 Smith Thomas M Infra-red generators and matrix therefor
US5104309A (en) * 1988-05-16 1992-04-14 Kurt Krieger Radiant burner for gaseous fuel
DE19746202A1 (de) * 1997-10-18 1999-05-06 Gok Regler Und Armaturen Ges M Brandschutzeinsatz für gasführende Rohrdurchgänge
US6007329A (en) * 1998-11-16 1999-12-28 Infratech, L.L.C. Emitter apparatus
US20030044342A1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-03-06 Alford J. Michael Burners and combustion apparatus for carbon nanomaterial production
US6575736B1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2003-06-10 Kreiger Gmbh & Co. Kg Infrared radiator that is designed as surface radiator
US6896512B2 (en) * 2001-09-19 2005-05-24 Aztec Machinery Company Radiator element
US20120273239A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Brennan Susan Flame trap cartridge, flame arrestor, method of preventing flame propagation into a fuel tank and method of operating an aircraft
CN104879753A (zh) * 2014-12-03 2015-09-02 武汉科技大学 一种单层多孔泡沫陶瓷板全预混气体燃料燃烧器

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3407024A (en) * 1966-12-23 1968-10-22 Eclipse Fuel Eng Co Gas burner
DE69227094T2 (de) * 1991-12-24 1999-03-11 Tokyo Gas Co. Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo Brenner mit Oberflächenverbrennung
US5195884A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-03-23 John Zink Company, A Division Of Koch Engineering Company, Inc. Low NOx formation burner apparatus and methods
DE19718898C1 (de) * 1997-05-03 1998-10-22 Bosch Gmbh Robert Gasbrenner mit einem porösen Brennkörper
EP1618336B1 (de) * 2003-04-18 2011-06-29 SGL Carbon SE Porenbrenner mit siliziumkarbid-porenkörper
EP3118520B1 (en) * 2005-08-05 2024-03-13 Cascade Designs, Inc. High efficiency radiant burner with heat exchanger option
CN100462625C (zh) * 2007-01-15 2009-02-18 冯良 燃气红外辐射燃烧器
CN201037663Y (zh) * 2007-04-26 2008-03-19 杨向东 升降式远红外灶头
CN101556040A (zh) * 2009-05-15 2009-10-14 大连理工大学 一种燃用液体燃料的多孔介质燃烧装置
DE102009028624A1 (de) * 2009-08-18 2011-02-24 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Strahlungsbrenner
CN202675376U (zh) * 2012-05-18 2013-01-16 马沛良 一种环保卡式炉
CN106537036A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2017-03-22 詹政通 红外线瓦斯炉具的炉心结构

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654000A (en) * 1979-11-16 1987-03-31 Smith Thomas M Infra-red generators and matrix therefor
US5104309A (en) * 1988-05-16 1992-04-14 Kurt Krieger Radiant burner for gaseous fuel
DE19746202A1 (de) * 1997-10-18 1999-05-06 Gok Regler Und Armaturen Ges M Brandschutzeinsatz für gasführende Rohrdurchgänge
US6007329A (en) * 1998-11-16 1999-12-28 Infratech, L.L.C. Emitter apparatus
US6575736B1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2003-06-10 Kreiger Gmbh & Co. Kg Infrared radiator that is designed as surface radiator
US20030044342A1 (en) * 2001-08-30 2003-03-06 Alford J. Michael Burners and combustion apparatus for carbon nanomaterial production
US6896512B2 (en) * 2001-09-19 2005-05-24 Aztec Machinery Company Radiator element
US20120273239A1 (en) * 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Brennan Susan Flame trap cartridge, flame arrestor, method of preventing flame propagation into a fuel tank and method of operating an aircraft
CN104879753A (zh) * 2014-12-03 2015-09-02 武汉科技大学 一种单层多孔泡沫陶瓷板全预混气体燃料燃烧器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3426980A4 (en) 2019-10-23
EP3426980A1 (en) 2019-01-16
WO2017156440A8 (en) 2018-10-11
MX2018010935A (es) 2019-05-23
CA3017360A1 (en) 2017-09-14
JP2019507861A (ja) 2019-03-22
EP3426980B1 (en) 2022-03-02
KR20180121600A (ko) 2018-11-07
CN117927947A (zh) 2024-04-26
WO2017156440A1 (en) 2017-09-14
CN109328283A (zh) 2019-02-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3426980B1 (en) High intensity gas fired infrared emitter and method of operating the same
KR100510560B1 (ko) 복사열을 방출하는 가열 표면을 갖는 마이크로 연소 히터
KR100778716B1 (ko) 가스버너의 염공부 구조
CN101158469B (zh) 一种分段式多孔陶瓷介质气体燃料燃烧器
KR100189348B1 (ko) 고온 노내의 저 nox,고효율 가열방법 및 장치
US10281143B2 (en) Pre-mix fuel-fired appliance with improved heat exchanger interface
CN104764017B (zh) 一种水冷式燃气燃烧器
US10935279B2 (en) Strain reduction clamshell heat exchanger design
US9709265B2 (en) Porous metal foam burner
US4437833A (en) Infrared radiating burner article
US4015954A (en) Laminar flow flame arrestor
US20050069830A1 (en) Infrared radiator embodied as a surface radiator
CN108954311A (zh) 一种变孔径多孔陶瓷燃烧板
CN101338356B (zh) 一种采用多孔介质燃烧器的热处理炉
CN103196161A (zh) 供暖锅炉
KR101291627B1 (ko) 예혼합가스버너의 염공부 구조
WO2019237720A1 (zh) 一种在基体表面产生连续气膜的方法
CN219933991U (zh) 一种高效率VOCs处理设备
JP2568534B2 (ja) バ−ナ
CN215808489U (zh) 一种防回火的燃烧系统及灶具
CN220624033U (zh) 一种长条形燃烧器
WO2007091011A1 (en) Refractory burner tiles having improved emissivity and combustion apparatus employing the same
KR20040082079A (ko) 이중패널구조의 브라운가스 발열장치 및 브라운가스 평면화염버너시스템
US4641588A (en) Heat shield
US5359965A (en) Furnace windbox/water wall seal

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SELAS HEAT TECHNOLOGY COMPANY LLC, OHIO

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:VANDEGRIFT, CHRIS E;CORNELIUS, MITCHELL D;MEYER, JENS-UWE;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20170322 TO 20170331;REEL/FRAME:042981/0934

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: ADVISORY ACTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: RESPONSE TO NON-FINAL OFFICE ACTION ENTERED AND FORWARDED TO EXAMINER

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED

AS Assignment

Owner name: PNC BANK, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, PENNSYLVANIA

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:LIONHEART INDUSTRIAL GROUP LLC;REEL/FRAME:051403/0098

Effective date: 20190920

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: ADVISORY ACTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: DOCKETED NEW CASE - READY FOR EXAMINATION

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: NON FINAL ACTION MAILED

STPP Information on status: patent application and granting procedure in general

Free format text: FINAL REJECTION MAILED

STCV Information on status: appeal procedure

Free format text: NOTICE OF APPEAL FILED

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION