US20170251465A1 - Reducing reference signals when communicating multiple sub-subframes between a base station and a wireless terminal - Google Patents

Reducing reference signals when communicating multiple sub-subframes between a base station and a wireless terminal Download PDF

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US20170251465A1
US20170251465A1 US14/902,784 US201514902784A US2017251465A1 US 20170251465 A1 US20170251465 A1 US 20170251465A1 US 201514902784 A US201514902784 A US 201514902784A US 2017251465 A1 US2017251465 A1 US 2017251465A1
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subframe
sub
wireless terminal
control information
reference signals
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Mattias Andersson
Niklas Andgart
Helka-Liina MAATTANEN
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Assigned to OY L M ERICSSON AB reassignment OY L M ERICSSON AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MAATTANEN, HELKA-LIINA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0037—Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0042—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path intra-user or intra-terminal allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H04L5/0055—Physical resource allocation for ACK/NACK
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04W72/042—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly, to subframe structures for communications between base stations and wireless terminals.
  • Packet data latency is a performance metric that vendors, operators, and end-users regularly measure (e.g., via speed test applications). Latency measurements may be performed in all phases of a radio access network system lifetime, for example, when verifying a new software release or system component, when deploying a system, and/or when the system is in commercial operation.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP 3 rd Generation Partnership Project
  • RATs Radio Access Technologies
  • Packet data latency may be important not only for perceived responsiveness of the system. Packet data latency may also be a parameter that indirectly influences throughput of the system.
  • HTTP/TCP Hypertext Transfer Protocol/Transmission Control Protocol
  • HTTP Archive http://httparchive.org/trends.php
  • a typical size of HTTP based transactions over the Internet may be in the range of a few 10's of Kbyte up to 1 Mbyte.
  • the TCP slow start period may be a significant part of the total transport period of the packet stream.
  • the performance may be latency limited.
  • improved latency may be shown to improve average throughput, for this type of TCP based data transaction.
  • Radio resource efficiency may be positively impacted by latency reductions.
  • Lower packet data latency may increase a number of transmissions possible within a certain delay bound. Accordingly, higher BLER (Block Error Rate) targets may be used for data transmissions freeing up radio resources and/or potentially improving capacity of the system.
  • BLER Block Error Rate
  • Such applications may include gaming, real-time applications (e.g., VoLTE/OTT VoIP), and/or multi-party video conferencing.
  • Such applications may include remote control/driving of vehicles, augmented reality applications (e.g., smart glasses), and/or specific machine communications requiring low latency.
  • augmented reality applications e.g., smart glasses
  • reduced latency of data transport may also indirectly provide faster radio control plane procedures (e.g., call set-up/bearer set-up), due to the faster transport of higher layer control signaling.
  • radio control plane procedures e.g., call set-up/bearer set-up
  • a method may be provided to operate a network node in a radio access network, RAN.
  • a first sub-subframe of a subframe may be transmitted, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for a wireless terminal.
  • a second sub-subframe of the subframe may be transmitted, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • a method may be provided to operate a wireless terminal in communication with a radio access network.
  • a first sub-subframe of a subframe may be received from a base station, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for the wireless terminal.
  • a second sub-subframe of the subframe may be received from the base station, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • a network node of a radio access network may include a communication interface configured to provide communication with one or more wireless terminals over a radio interface, and a processor coupled with the communication interface.
  • the processor may be configured to transmit a first sub-subframe of a subframe, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for a wireless terminal.
  • the processor may also be configured to transmit a second sub-subframe of the subframe after transmitting the first sub-subframe, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • a network node of a radio access network may be provided. More particularly, the network node may be adapted to transmit a first sub-subframe of a subframe, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for a wireless terminal. The network node may also be adapted to transmit a second sub-subframe of the subframe after transmitting the first sub-subframe, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • RAN radio access network
  • a wireless terminal may include a transceiver configured to provide radio communication with a radio access network over a radio interface, and a processor coupled with the transceiver. More particularly, the processor may be configured to receive a first sub-subframe of a subframe from a base station, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for the wireless terminal. In addition, the processor may be configured to receive a second sub-subframe of the subframe from the base station after receiving the first sub-subframe, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • a wireless terminal may be adapted to receive a first sub-subframe of a subframe from a base station, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for the wireless terminal.
  • the wireless terminal may also be adapted to receive a second sub-subframe of the subframe from the base station after receiving the first sub-subframe, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • reference signal overhead may be reduced thereby increasing an efficiency of radio resource usage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating base stations of a radio access network in communication with wireless terminals and a core network node according to some embodiments of inventive concepts;
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a base station of FIG. 1 according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a wireless terminal of FIG. 1 according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a core network node according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 5 is a time-frequency diagram illustrating examples of scheduling sub-subframes of a subframe according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIGS. 6-10, 11A, and 11B are a time-frequency diagrams illustrating examples of scheduling control channels and sub-subframes of multiple subframes according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 12 is a signaling diagram illustrating control signaling timing for scheduling requests according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIGS. 13 and 14 are a flow charts illustrating wireless terminal operations according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 15A is a time-frequency diagram illustrating examples of scheduling control channels and sub-subframes of a subframe according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 15B is a time-frequency diagram illustrating examples of reference signal distributions in sub-subframes of FIG. 15A according to some embodiments of inventive concepts
  • FIG. 16 is a flow chart illustrating base station operations according to some embodiments of inventive concepts.
  • FIG. 17 is a flow chart illustrating wireless terminal operations according to some embodiments of inventive concepts.
  • inventive concepts are described herein in the context of operating in a RAN (Radio Access Network) that communicates over radio communication channels with wireless terminals (also referred to as UEs, user equipments, user equipment nodes, mobile terminals, wireless devices, etc.). It will be understood, however, that inventive concepts are not limited to such embodiments and may be embodied generally in any type of communication network.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • a legacy or non-legacy wireless terminal can include any device that receives data from and/or transmits data to a communication network, and may include, but is not limited to, a mobile telephone (“cellular” telephone), laptop/portable computer, pocket computer, hand-held computer, an M2M device, IoT (Internet of Things) device, and/or desktop computer.
  • cellular mobile telephone
  • M2M mobile telephone
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • eNodeB also referred to as a base station, eNB, etc.
  • UE also referred to as user equipment, user equipment node, wireless terminal, mobile terminal, wireless device, etc.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a Radio Access Network (RAN) according to some embodiments of present inventive concepts.
  • RAN Radio Access Network
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • SGSN Service GPRS Support Node
  • Each base station BS may communicate over a radio interface (including uplinks and downlinks) with respective wireless terminals UEs in a respective cell or cells supported by the base station.
  • base station BS- 1 is shown in communication with wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , UE 3 , and UE 4
  • base station BS- 2 is shown in communication with wireless terminals UE 5 and UE 6
  • base station BS-n is shown in communication with wireless terminals UE 7 and UE 8 .
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a base station BS of FIG. 1 .
  • a base station BS may include a transceiver circuit 201 (also referred to as a transceiver or radio interface or a communication interface) configured to provide radio communications with a plurality of wireless terminals, a network interface circuit 205 (also referred to as a network interface) configured to provide communications with other base stations of the RAN (e.g., over the X2 interface), and a processor circuit 203 (also referred to as a processor) coupled to the transceiver circuit and the network interface circuit, and a memory circuit 207 (also referred to as memory) coupled to the processor circuit.
  • the memory circuit 207 may include computer readable program code that when executed by the processor circuit 203 causes the processor circuit to perform operations according to embodiments disclosed herein. According to other embodiments, processor circuit 203 may be defined to include memory so that a memory circuit is not separately provided.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a wireless terminal UE of FIG. 1 .
  • a wireless terminal UE may include a transceiver circuit 301 (also referred to as a transceiver) including a transmitter and a receiver configured to provide radio communications with a base station BS, a processor circuit 303 (also referred to as a processor) coupled to the transceiver circuit, and a memory circuit 307 (also referred to as memory) coupled to the processor circuit.
  • the memory circuit 307 may include computer readable program code that when executed by the processor circuit 303 causes the processor circuit to perform operations according to embodiments disclosed herein.
  • processor circuit 303 may be defined to include memory so that a memory circuit is not separately provided.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating elements of a core network node (e.g., an MME and/or an SGSN) of FIG. 1 .
  • a core network node may include a network interface circuit 401 (also referred to as a network interface or a communication interface) configured to provide communications with base stations of the RAN (e.g., over the S 1 interface), a processor circuit 403 (also referred to as a processor) coupled to the network interface circuit, and a memory circuit 407 (also referred to as memory) coupled to the processor circuit.
  • the memory circuit 407 may include computer readable program code that when executed by the processor circuit 403 causes the processor circuit to perform operations according to embodiments disclosed herein. According to other embodiments, processor circuit 403 may be defined to include memory so that a memory circuit is not separately provided.
  • downlink PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • PDSCH assignments use resource elements spread over all OFDM symbols in a 1 ms downlink subframe.
  • latency may be reduced by using PDSCH assignments covering a (consecutive) subset of symbols within a subframe.
  • Such a subset of symbols may be referred to as a sub-subframe (SSF), and data assignments covering a SSF are illustrated herein as sPDSCH.
  • the existing OFDM modulation may be used, and the sub-subframe division may be done at the OFDM symbol level.
  • the duration of a subframe may be 1 ms including 14 OFDM symbols
  • the duration of a SSF may be seven OFDM symbols (i.e., 0.5 ms, for the case with a normal cyclic prefix).
  • decoding latency may be reduced since the transmission ends earlier and take less time, even for roughly the same processing capability, assuming that the payload size is down scaled appropriately. This reduction in latency may further be used to reduce HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request) RTT (Round Trip Time) since ACK/NACK (Acknowledge/Negative-Acknowledge) feedback can be provided earlier from a downlink transmission and UE side processing perspective.
  • HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request
  • RTT Random Trip Time
  • the HARQ RTT may be reduced with the same factor.
  • the HARQ RTT may become 4 ms (instead of 8 ms).
  • embodiments of inventive concepts described herein are not dependent on a reduction of the processing time.
  • FIG. 5 An example of sub-subframe assignments for wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , UE 3 , and UE 4 of FIG. 1 over two subframes n and n+1 is illustrated in FIG. 5 . It should be noted that other SSF lengths are possible, and that all SSFs are not required to have the same duration in terms of number(s) of OFDM symbols.
  • wireless terminal UE 1 is assigned a full subframe (14 symbols less symbols used for Physical Downlink Control Channel or PDCCH) over a first frequency resource for downlink transmission in subframe n, and wireless terminal UE 1 is assigned four 2 symbol sub-subframes over a second frequency resource for downlink transmissions in subframe n+1.
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • Wireless terminal UE 2 is assigned two 7 symbol sub-subframes (less symbols used for PDCCH) over the second frequency resource for downlink transmission in subframe n, and wireless terminal UE 2 is assigned two 2 symbol sub-subframes over the second frequency resource for downlink transmissions in subframe n+ 1 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 3 is assigned one 7 symbol sub-subframe (less symbols used for PDCCH) over a third frequency resource for downlink transmission in subframe n, and there is no downlink assignment for wireless terminal UE 3 for sub-subframe n+1.
  • Wireless terminal UE 4 is assigned one 7 symbol sub-subframe over the third frequency resource for downlink transmission in subframe n, and wireless terminal UE 4 is assigned three 4 symbol sub-subframes over the third frequency resource for downlink transmissions in subframe n+1.
  • legacy control information and reference signals such as legacy DCI PDCCH and CRS
  • PDSCH/sPDSCH is not mapped to such occupied resource elements.
  • PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • EPDCCH Enhanced PDCCH
  • Different DCI formats may be distinguished by different pay load sizes (i.e., number of bits in the DCI format). Hence, if we have multiple DCI formats of different sizes, a need for UE blind decoding may increase since each size requires a decoding attempt for each candidate PDCCH resource allocation.
  • P is the resource block group size which depends on the system bandwidth and ⁇ N RB DL ⁇ is the number of resource blocks in the downlink.
  • Type 0, Type 1 there are three different resource allocation types (Type 0, Type 1, and Type 2 ).
  • RBGs resource block groups
  • the principle is same/similar for Type 1 and Type 2, and resources are allocated in frequency always assuming 1 ms length subframe.
  • the Downlink Control Information (DCI) for a downlink scheduling assignment may thus include information on downlink data resource allocation in the frequency domain (the resource allocation or frequency resource), modulation and coding scheme (MCS), and HARQ process information.
  • DCI Downlink Control Information
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • HARQ process information In case of carrier aggregation, information related to which carrier the PDSCH is transmitted on may be included as well.
  • DCI formats for UL grants DCI format 0, and DCI format 4 as well as for power control commands and DCI formats 3 and 3A.
  • control channels are only transmitted once per 1 ms subframe as shown in FIG. 5 and/or if control channels and DCIs are designed for PDSCH assignments with durations equal to the duration of the whole subframe, it may be difficult to further reduce latency.
  • existing control channels (PDCCH and EPDCCH) may not be suitable for efficient sharing of resources through frequency multiplexing between (legacy) UEs using 1 ms subframes and UEs using shorter sub-subframes within the same subframe.
  • the entire 1 ms EPDCCH may need to be received in order to get the scheduling indication.
  • EPDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • the PDCCH could in theory be used and transmitted more often (i.e., more frequently than 1 ms), but because PDCCH is spread over the entire bandwidth, this may be inefficient, resulting in unnecessary overhead.
  • control information (such as PDSCH sub-subframe assignments) may be signaled more frequently than once per subframe (e.g., more frequently than once per 1 ms), with reduced control information payloads relative to existing DCI formats, and only when needed.
  • downlink control information may be partitioned into fast DCI (which can vary between different sub-subframes) and slow DCI (which may change, at most, once per subframe).
  • the fast DCI may be conveyed to the wireless terminal UE using an sPDCCH transmission(s).
  • the wireless terminal UE may monitor different sPDCCH candidate resources and attempt to decode an sPDCCH transmission intended for itself. If successful, the fast DCI from the sPDCCH (together with the slow DCI) may be used to determine an sPDSCH DL assignment or (sPUSCH UL grant) for the UE.
  • Different embodiments may cover configuring sPDCCH resources, partitioning between slow and fast DCI, and/or conveying the DCI to the terminal.
  • uplink PUSCH scheduling grants may use resource elements spread over all OFDM symbols in a 1 ms uplink subframe.
  • latency may be reduced by using PUSCH grants covering a (consecutive) subset of symbols within a subframe.
  • Such a subset of symbols may be referred to as a sub-subframe, and scheduling grants covering a sub-subframe may be transmitted on a physical channel referred to as sPUSCH.
  • use of fast/slow control information may enable scheduling decisions within a subframe, thereby reducing frame alignment delay and/or contributing to reduction of HARQ RTT as compared to using PDCCH alone.
  • dynamic sharing of resources between (legacy) terminals using 1 ms subframes and shorter sub-subframes may be enabled.
  • DCI overhead may be reduced as compared to re-using the PDCCH but transmitting it more often.
  • the scheduler in the base station BS may allocate downlink PDSCH resources to terminals in the cell served by the base station, and the base station BS decides whether a wireless terminal is to be given an assignment (e.g., a downlink assignment) with 1 ms subframe duration or an assignment with one or multiple sub-subframes with duration(s) shorter than a duration of the subframe. From a wireless terminal perspective, these assignments may change dynamically from subframe to subframe and may allow improvement/optimization of the end-user experience. For example, a 1 ms subframe may be better from a throughput perspective, whereas a short sub-subframe(s) may be better from a latency perspective. For the commonly used TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) protocol, for example, user throughput may typically be latency limited during slow-start and may later become throughput limited.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • resources may be dynamically roughly divided in the frequency domain between legacy PDSCH subframe assignments and sub-subframe sPDSCH assignments once every subframe and/or once every ms.
  • one scheduler may schedule legacy 1 ms subframes every subframe and/or ms, whereas a sub-subframe scheduler (operating at higher frequency) may schedule sub-subframes within the resources roughly assigned for such transmissions.
  • Downlink assignments for 1 ms subframes may be conveyed using PDCCH whereas assignments for the sub-subframes may be conveyed using the sPDCCH.
  • the sub-subframe scheduler may override the previous division and schedule a sub-subframe in resources previously assigned as 1 ms subframe. It may happen that the terminal receiving the legacy subframe assignment may not be able to correctly decode the PDSCH.
  • the slow control information may be changed at most once per subframe and/or once per ms and may be common for all sub-subframes in a given subframe.
  • the slow control information (e.g., DCI) may either be intended for a specific wireless terminals UE or common to a group of several wireless terminals UEs.
  • the slow control information (e.g., DCI) may be:
  • the slow control information (e.g., slow DCI) is transmitted on a (E)PDCCH and is intended for several wireless terminals UEs
  • the slow control information (e.g., slow DCI) may be scrambled using a group RNTI (Radio Network Temporary Identifier) common to all of the recipients of the group of wireless terminals.
  • group RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identifier
  • a single wireless terminal UE can belong to more than one group, and multiple group RNTIs may thus be assigned to a single wireless terminal UE.
  • the fast control information may be intended for a specific UE, and the fast control information (e.g., fast DCI) may thus be scrambled using a wireless terminal UE specific identification, such as the C-RNTI (Cell Radio-Network Temporary Identifier).
  • C-RNTI Cell Radio-Network Temporary Identifier
  • a significant payload reduction in the sPDCCH fast control information may be achieved with respect to the frequency domain resource allocation. For example—
  • further payload reduction may be achieved by indicating more parameters common to all assigned sub-subframes, such as, MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme) and MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) related precoding information.
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • the control information e.g., DCI
  • the UL assignments may be covered as well in some embodiments.
  • the sPDCCH resource allocations there may be two ways to configure the sPDCCH resource allocations: Semi-statically configured by higher layers; and/or dynamically varying from subframe to subframe.
  • information regarding configuration of sPDCCH resource allocations may be conveyed in the control information (e.g., DCI) of a PDCCH.
  • a PDCCH could either be intended for a single wireless terminal UE (CRC scrambling with C-RNTI), or to a group of wireless terminals UEs (and have CRC scrambling with an RNTI that is monitored by several wireless terminals).
  • a signal similar to PCFICH may be defined that once every subframe would indicate sPDCCH resources, for example, selecting one out several allocations, each allocation being configured by higher layer signaling.
  • the starting symbol of the first position in the time domain could also be given as for EPDCCH and depend on the length of the PDCCH region.
  • slow control information e.g., DCI
  • DCI slow control information
  • the physical channel could be either a (E)PDCCH or an sPDCCH.
  • the sPDCCH may use any number of OFDM symbols, and may be multiplexed in time or frequency with (s)PDSCH.
  • the sPDCCH is transmitted with a contiguous allocation at the band edge in the frequency domain, but it can also be (arbitrarily) distributed in the frequency domain with non-contiguous allocations, similar to EPDCCH.
  • the sPDCCH is shown being transmitted only in the first symbol of each respective sub-subframe, but the sPDCCH might also be transmitted in multiple symbols of a respective sub-subframe.
  • the wireless terminal UE monitors sPDCCH resources and attempts decoding, for example, using the relevant (UE specific) RNTI for CRC descrambling. If the base station BS (eNodeB) has transmitted control information (e.g., DCI) on an sPDCCH for a particular wireless terminal UE, the wireless terminal UE may detect the control information through successful decoding (including descrambling based on the wireless terminal specific identification, e.g., RNTI).
  • control information e.g., DCI
  • decoding may with sufficiently high probability fail and the terminal will detect that there was no control information (e.g., DCI) on a sPDCCH transmitted to it.
  • DCI control information
  • each wireless terminal UE is assigned a group identification (e.g., RNTI) that is shared with a group of wireless terminals and an individual identification (e.g., C-RNTI) that is specifically assigned to that wireless terminal.
  • the wireless terminal UE monitors the PDCCH transmission and attempts to unscramble downlink control information using the assigned group RNTI. If a match is found, the corresponding (slow) control information (e.g., slow DCI) may determine the frequency resource(s) used for any sPDSCH transmissions (for the group of wireless terminals) in the subframe.
  • the UE may monitor the possible sPDCCH candidate resources and try to unscramble them using its individual identification (e.g., C-RNTI). If a match is found, the fast control information (e.g., fast DCI) from the sPDCCH together with the frequency allocation from the slow control information (e.g., slow DCI) in the PDCCH determines the resources used for downlink data transmission over sPDSCH, as well as HARQ information and MCS information
  • FIGS. 6-10 illustrate different embodiments of allocating frequency/time resources for PDCCH, sPDCCH, and/or sPDSCH.
  • frequency and/or time resources used by a fast control channel for transmission of fast control information (e.g., fast DCI), such as, wireless terminal UE assignments of sPDSCH sub-subframes and time resources thereof, may be configured using higher layer signaling from the base station (e.g., MAC and/or RCC signaling when the wireless terminal attaches to the base station). Accordingly, frequency and/or time resources used by sPDCCH may remain relatively static over a plurality of subframes.
  • Frequency resources used by the sPDSCH downlink sub-subframes may be considered slow control information (e.g., slow DCI) and may be signaled once per ms using PDCCH to a group of UEs (sharing a same RNTI). While time resources for sPDCCH may be configured using higher layer signaling according to some embodiments, according to other embodiments time resources for sPDCCH may be configured each subframe using a slow control information transmitted via PDCCH.
  • slow control information e.g., slow DCI
  • wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 may belong to a same group sharing a group identification (e.g., a group RNTI), and each wireless terminal UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 may have an individual identification (e.g., an individual C-RNTI).
  • group identification e.g., a group RNTI
  • individual identification e.g., an individual C-RNTI
  • slow control information e.g., slow DCI
  • PDCCH slow control channel
  • the slow control information may include a frequency resource (e.g., the 1 st frequency resource) allocated for sPDSCH sub-subframes used for transmissions to wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 during the first subframe.
  • a frequency resource e.g., the 1 st frequency resource allocated for sPDSCH sub-subframes used for transmissions to wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 during the first subframe.
  • the frequency resource used for sPDSCH sub-subframes assigned to these wireless terminals may not change during a subframe.
  • the group of wireless terminals sharing the group identification can thus unscramble the slow control information (e.g., the frequency resource) for the subframe using the group identification.
  • the time/frequency resources for wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 to receive fast control information using a fast control channel may be configured by higher layer signaling.
  • a fast control channel e.g., sPDCCH
  • each wireless terminal UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 of the group may thus attempt to descramble the fast control channel (e.g., sPDCCH) using the respective individual identification (e.g., C-RNTI).
  • the fast control information may define a time resource for a sub-subframe assigned to the particular wireless terminal.
  • the fast control channel may also include MCS (modulation and coding scheme) information, MIMO (multiple input multiple output) precoding information, HARQ ACK/NACK information, etc. for the assigned sub-subframe.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • HARQ ACK/NACK information etc. for the assigned sub-subframe.
  • the slow control information may include a plurality of frequency resources available for sub-subframe assignments, and the fast control information for each sub-subframe may include an identification of one of the available frequency resources.
  • the fast control channel sPDCCH- 1 may be used to transmit fast control information scrambled with the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 1 with the fast control information defining a time resource for the first sub-subframe sPDSCH- 1 assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 1 may thus descramble the fast control information using its individual identification, and receive downlink data over the assigned sub-subframe sPDSCH- 1 (defined by a frequency resource received via PDCCH and a time resource received via sPDCCH- 1 ).
  • wireless terminals UE 2 and UE 3 are unable to descramble the control information scrambled with the individual identification of wireless terminal UE 1 , wireless terminals UE 2 and UE 3 will not attempt to receive downlink data over sub-subframe sPDSCH- 1 .
  • the fast control channel sPDCCH- 2 may be used to transmit fast control information scrambled with the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 2 , with the fast control information defining a time resource for the second sub-subframe sPDSCH- 2 assigned to wireless terminal UE 2 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 2 may thus descramble the fast control information using its individual identification, and then receive downlink data over the assigned sub-subframe sPDSCH- 2 (defined by a frequency resource received via PDCCH and a time resource received via sPDCCH- 2 ).
  • wireless terminals UE 1 and UE 3 are unable to descramble the control information scrambled with the individual identification of wireless terminal UE 2 , wireless terminals UE 1 and UE 3 will not attempt to receive downlink data over sub-subframe sPDSCH- 2 .
  • the fast control channel sPDCCH- 3 may be used to transmit fast control information scrambled with the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 3 , with the fast control information defining a time resource for the third sub-subframe sPDSCH- 3 assigned to wireless terminal UE 3 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 3 may thus descramble the fast control information using its individual identification, and then receive downlink data over the assigned sub-subframe sPDSCH- 3 (defined by a frequency resource received via PDCCH and a time resource received via sPDCCH- 3 ).
  • wireless terminals UE 1 and UE 2 are unable to descramble the control information scrambled with the individual identification of wireless terminal UE 3 , wireless terminals UE 1 and UE 2 will not attempt to receive downlink data over sub-subframe sPDSCH- 3 .
  • slow control information (e.g., slow DCI) may be scrambled with the group identification and transmitted over the slow control channel (e.g., PDCCH- 2 ). More particularly, the slow control information may include a frequency resource (e.g., the 2 nd frequency resource) allocated for sPDSCH sub-subframes used for transmissions to wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 during the second subframe. Different frequency resources may thus be allocated during different subframes as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • a frequency resource e.g., the 2 nd frequency resource
  • the fast control channel sPDCCH- 4 may be used to transmit fast control information scrambled with the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 1 with the fast control information defining a time resource for the sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 in the second subframe.
  • Wireless terminal UE 1 may thus descramble the fast control information using its individual identification, and then receive downlink data over the assigned sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 (defined by a frequency resource received via PDCCH- 1 and a time resource received via sPDCCH- 4 ).
  • wireless terminals UE 2 and UE 3 are unable to descramble the control information scrambled with the individual identification of wireless terminal UE 1 , wireless terminals UE 2 and UE 3 will not attempt to receive downlink data over sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 .
  • numbers and relative locations (in frequency and time) of fast control channel assignments for the first subframe (sPDCCH- 1 , sPDCCH- 2 , and sPDCCH- 3 ) and the second subframe (sPDCCH- 4 , sPDCCH- 5 , and sPDCCH- 6 ) may be the same, but not all such assignments are required to be used.
  • a full duration of the second subframe is assigned by fast control channel sPDCCH- 4 for sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 .
  • sPDCCH- 5 and sPDCCH- 6 may thus be unused with respect to wireless terminals sharing the group identification discussed above.
  • a frequency resource for the group of wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , and UE 3 may be unused for some or all of a subframe.
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 may occupy only a first third of the second subframe (after completion of slow control channel PDCCH- 2 ) with a remainder of the second frequency resource being unused in the second subframe.
  • time and frequency resources used by fast control channels sPDCCH for a group of wireless terminals sharing a group identification and frequency resources used by sub-subframes sPDSCH for the group of wireless terminals sharing the group identification may be configured at the wireless terminals using higher layer signaling from the base station.
  • frequency resources used by sub-subframes sPDSCH for the group of wireless terminals may remain relatively static over a plurality of subframes, and the frequency and/or time resources used by fast control channels sPDCCH may remain relatively static from one subframe to the next.
  • a plurality of frequency resources for sub-subframes sPDSCH may be configured at the wireless terminal using higher layer signaling, and fast control information for a particular sub-subframe sPDSCH may identify one of the plurality of frequency resources for that sub-subframe sPDSCH.
  • a fast control channel sPDCCH may be used to transmit fast control information scrambled with an individual identification for a respective wireless terminal with the fast control information defining a time resource for a sub-subframe sPDSCH assigned to the wireless terminal.
  • the frequency resources used by fast control channels sPDCCH and sub-subframes sPDSCH may be transmitted as slow control information and signaled once per ms (e.g., once per subframe) using slow control channel PDCCH to a group of wireless terminals sharing a group identification.
  • frequency resources used for sub-subframes sPDSCH may thus change from one subframe to the next.
  • frequency resources used for fast control channels sPDCCH may change from one subframe to the next.
  • wireless terminals and base stations operations relating to FIG. 8 may be similar to those discussed above with respect to FIGS. 6 and/or 7 .
  • a common frequency resource may be used by fast control channels sPDCCH and sub-subframes sPDSCH, and this common frequency resource may be configured at the wireless terminals using higher layer signaling from the base station. As shown in FIG. 9 , the frequency resource may thus remain relatively static from one subframe to the next.
  • wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , UE 3 , and UE 4 may be assigned a same group identification (e.g., a group RNTI), but different individual identifications (e.g., individual C-RNTI's).
  • all wireless terminals of the group may monitor the slow control channel PDCCH and each fast control channel sPDCCH of each subframe using their respective individual identifications to determine if a sub-subframe is being assigned. For example, a time resource for a first sub-subframe sPDSCH- 1 may be transmitted as fast control information using slow control channel PDCCH- 1 and scrambled using the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 1 . Wireless terminal UE 1 may thus receive this fast control information, and responsive thereto, wireless terminal UE 1 can proceed to receive downlink data in sub-subframe sPDSCH- 1 .
  • a time resource for a second sub-subframe sPDSCH- 2 may be transmitted as fast control information using fast control channel sPDCCH- 2 and scrambled using the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 2 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 2 may thus receive this fast control information, and responsive thereto, wireless terminal UE 2 can proceed to receive downlink data in sub-subframe sPDSCH- 2 .
  • a time resource for a third sub-subframe sPDSCH- 3 may be transmitted as a fast control information using fast control channel PDCCH- 3 and scrambled using the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 3 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 3 may thus receive this fast control information, and responsive thereto, wireless terminal UE 3 can proceed to receive downlink data in sub-subframe sPDSCH- 3 .
  • a time resource for a fourth sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 may be transmitted as a fast control information using slow control channel PDCCH- 2 and scrambled using the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 2 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 2 may thus receive this control information, and responsive thereto, wireless terminal UE 2 can proceed to receive downlink data in sub-subframe sPDSCH- 4 .
  • a time resource for a fifth sub-subframe sPDSCH- 5 may be transmitted as a fast control information using fast control channel sPDCCH- 5 and scrambled using the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 3 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 3 may thus receive this fast control information, and responsive thereto, wireless terminal UE 3 can proceed to receive downlink data in sub-subframe sPDSCH- 5 .
  • a time resource for a sixth sub-subframe sPDSCH- 6 may be transmitted as a fast control information using fast control channel PDCCH- 6 and scrambled using the individual identification for wireless terminal UE 4 .
  • Wireless terminal UE 4 may thus receive this fast control information, and responsive thereto, wireless terminal UE 4 can proceed to receive downlink data in sub-subframe sPDSCH- 6 .
  • a common frequency resource used by fast control channels sPDCCH and sub-subframes sPDSCH may be provided as slow control information and signaled once per ms (e.g., once per subframe) using the slow control channel PDCCH to a group of wireless terminals UE 1 , UE 2 , UE 3 , and UE 4 sharing a group identification.
  • time resources used by fast control channels sPDCCH may also be provided as slow control information and signaled once per ms (e.g., once per subframe) using slow control channel PDCCH to the group of wireless terminals. Accordingly, frequency resources for sub-subframes sPDSCH and fast control channels sPDCCH may change from one subframe to the next, and numbers/timings of fast control channels sPDCCH may change from one subframe to the next.
  • a group of wireless terminals UEs may be provided with information regarding time and frequency resources for fast control information transmitted via fast control channels sPDCCH, once per subframe via PDCCH, or via higher layer signaling from the base station, and time resources for sub-subframes sPDSCH assigned to particular wireless terminals of the group may be received as fast control information via fast control channels sPDCCH.
  • a wireless terminal may thus combine partial control information received via a fast control channel sPDCCH with less frequently signaled control information in a subframe structure to receive sub-subframe assignments.
  • a fast control channel sPDCCH may be used to assign multiple sub-subframes to the same wireless terminal.
  • fast control channel sPDCCH- 1 may be used to transmit fast control information assigning two consecutive sub-subframes for downlink transmission of data to wireless terminal UE 1 in the first subframe
  • fast control channel sPDCCH- 4 may be used to transmit fast control information assigning three consecutive sub-subframes for downlink transmission of data to wireless terminal UE 1 in the second subframe.
  • FIG. 11A is the same as FIG. 6 , and the same/similar concepts may apply with respect to embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • FIG. 11A is the same as FIG. 6 , and the same/similar concepts may apply with respect to embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • FIG. 11A is the same as FIG. 6 , and the same/similar concepts may apply with respect to embodiments of FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • FIG. 11A is the same as FIG. 6 , and the same/similar concepts may apply
  • fast control channel sPDCCH- 2 may be used to transmit fast control information assigning two consecutive sub-subframes for downlink transmission of data to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • FIG. 11B is the same as FIG. 9 , and the same/similar concepts may apply with respect to embodiments of FIG. 10 .
  • sPDCCH is shown with contiguous frequency resource allocations, but according to other embodiments, the frequency resource allocations of sPDCCH in FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11A, and 11B may be distributed in the frequency domain with non-contiguous allocations.
  • sPDSCH is shown with contiguous frequency resource allocations, but according to other embodiments, the frequency resource allocations of sPDSCH in FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11A, and 11B may be distributed in the frequency domain with non-contiguous allocations.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FIG. 12 is a signaling diagram illustrating control signaling timing for scheduling requests.
  • the data may be created at the wireless terminal UE by higher layers at time TO, then the wireless terminal UE modem may send a scheduling request (SR) to the base station eNB, the base station eNB may process this SR and respond with a grant, so that the data transfer can start at T 6 in FIG. 12 .
  • SR scheduling request
  • one area to address regarding packet latency reductions is the reduction of transport time of data and control signaling (by addressing the length of a Transmission Time Interval TTI) and the reduction of processing time of control signaling (e.g., the time it takes for a wireless terminal UE to process a grant).
  • the time needed for turbo decoding may depend on the code block size, latency can be reduced by reducing the code block size.
  • the code block size or equivalently the transport block size
  • the decoding result may be available earlier (for a given decoding capability in terms of number of parallel decoders).
  • a decoding latency for each block may be roughly (to a first order) halved, while still sustaining the bit rate at roughly the same complexity.
  • Some performance degradations may be expected (e.g. due to shorter block length), and a tradeoff may be expected between latency and receiver performance (but not necessarily system or end user performance).
  • wireless terminal UE receiver processing there may be further opportunities to reduce latency for wireless terminal UE receiver processing by having PDSCH assignments not only covering all OFDM symbols in a 1 ms subframe, but also by having PDSCH assignments (also referred to as sub-subframes or sPDSCH) with shorter durations covering a lesser number of consecutive OFDM symbols. Durations of such assignments may vary from subframe to subframe as illustrated, for example, in FIG. 5 .
  • wireless terminals UEs may have PDSCH assignments that span a subset of OFDM symbols in the time domain of a subframe, rather than spanning all OFDM symbols (except symbols used by PDCCH and other good signals) of a subframe.
  • FIG. 5 does not show existing or future signals such as CRS (Cell Specific Reference Signal), CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signals), and/or EPDCCH (Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel), meaning that all resource elements within the resource assignments may not be available for data transmission.
  • CRS Cell Specific Reference Signal
  • CSI-RS Channel State Information Reference Signals
  • EPDCCH Enhanced Physical Downlink Control Channel
  • s-PDCCH control channel a new form of PDCCH control channel (referred to as an s-PDCCH control channel or sPDCCH control channel), that may be transmitted in every sub-subframe as described in the U.S. provisional application “Defining Sub-Subframe Channels For Data Communication Using Separately Provided Frequency And Time Resources” filed concurrently herewith (Attorney Docket No. P46164_US 1 ). Examples of such sub-subframes are illustrated in FIGS. 5, 6-10, and 11A -B.
  • wireless terminal UE 1 has one (legacy) PDSCH resource assignment (e.g., 12 symbols) using a first frequency resource in subframe n and four sPDSCH resource assignments in subframe n+1 (with each of the four assignments covering 2 symbols) using a second frequency resource.
  • UE 2 receives two sPDSCH assignments in subframe n using the second frequency resource, one in the first slot (e.g., 5 symbols) and another one in the second slot (e.g., 7 symbols).
  • Wireless terminal UE3 receives one sPDSCH assignment (e.g., 5 symbols) in subframe n using a third frequency resource, and no assignments in subframe n+1.
  • Wireless terminal UE 4 receives one sPDSCH assignment (e.g., 7 symbols) in subframe n using the third frequency resource, and three sPDSCH assignments (e.g., 4 symbols each) in subframe n+1 using the third frequency resource.
  • a subframe may include 14 symbols over a 1 ms (millisecond) duration. Moreover, a subframe may include two slots, with each slot including 7 symbols over an 0.5 ms duration.
  • CRS is not a precoded reference signal because CRS is cell specific and not UE specific.
  • all wireless terminals UEs may estimate the non-precoded channel from the same CRS REs (resource elements).
  • Wireless terminals UEs that are configured with a CRS based transmission mode that uses codebook based precoding e.g., TM 4
  • the CRS REs of one base station or cell may be subject to heavy interference from neighbor cell CRS transmissions.
  • There are also proposals to remove the CRSs e.g., to enable DTX for energy savings and/or to reduce interference in the network.
  • the small cell ON/OFF feature enables ceasing CRS transmission for a carrier that is deactivated for all users.
  • a short DMRS may be transmitted in a first OFDM symbol(s) in a first sub-subframe in a sequence of multiple sub-subframes (that may be consecutive sub-subframes) assigned to a specific wireless terminal UE, without transmitting any reference signals in later ones of the multiple sub-subframes assigned to the wireless terminal (unless the precoding matrix or the channel changes significantly).
  • the sub-subframes do not need to be consecutive. For example, if wireless terminal B is scheduled for one OFDM symbol after scheduling wireless terminal A, and then wireless terminal A is scheduled again, transmission of another SDMRS to terminal A may not be needed. For example, when the two assignments to the same wireless terminal are within one 1 ms subframe or even within a 0.5 ms slot, another SDMRS may not be needed.
  • an SDMRS may be included in each sub-subframe. Due to the short time duration of the suggested sub-subframes (e.g., 1-7 OFDM symbols in length), however, inclusion of an SDMRS in each sub-subframe may lead to overuse of resources allocated to reference signals.
  • proposed S-DMRS reference signals may allow demodulation without knowledge of the precoder matrix used by the base station.
  • each sub-subframe including an SDMRS reference signal placement of the SDMRS in the first OFDM symbol in the sub-subframe may enable the wireless terminal to start estimating the channel or building the channel estimate/estimator while receiving the rest of the sub-subframe.
  • Use of such SDMRS references signals for channel estimation may allow channel estimation across subframe boundaries, allowing improved channel estimates.
  • the base station BS processor 203 may determine whether there is a need to send a SDMRS reference signal to the wireless terminal UE. According to some embodiments, base station processor 203 may determine whether the last transmission to the wireless terminal used the same precoder matrix and took place less than T1 symbols previously, where T1 is a threshold that can be configured.
  • base station processor 203 may send an SDMRS reference signal to the wireless terminal for the sub-subframe, and otherwise, base station processor 203 may use the sub-subframe resources to instead send data.
  • base station processor 203 may also consider, for example, the CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) reported by the wireless terminal UE and/or some estimate of what Doppler spread the wireless terminal UE is exposed to (e.g., by considering channel variations in the uplink).
  • CQI Channel Quality Indicator
  • base station processor 203 may be configured so that every N th sub-subframe includes an SDMRS reference signal, where N can count the number of sub-subframes (with N possibly being reset with a certain periodicity such as 0.5 ms or 1 ms) or the number of consecutive sub-subframes assigned to the wireless terminal UE.
  • the first sub-subframe in which a wireless terminal UE is scheduled in a slot may always include an SDMRS reference signal.
  • a new control information field (e.g., a new DCI field) in the PDCCH control channel and/or the SPDCCH control channel may indicate for each sub-subframe whether or not the sub-subframe includes an SDMRS reference signal.
  • the new control information may indicate for a future sub-subframe whether or not the future sub-subframe includes sDMRS reference signals.
  • control information in one PDCCH control channel or in one sPDCCH control channel may assign a plurality of sub-subframes of a subframe for downlink/uplink data communication with a wireless terminal, and the control information may indicate for each of the plurality of sub-subframes which of the sub-subframes do include sDMRS reference signals and which of the sub-subframes do not include sDMRS reference signals.
  • a new control information field (e.g., a new DCI field) in the PDCCH control channel and/or the SPDCCH control channel may indicate for each sub-subframe a frequency domain density of the SDMRS reference signals. Stated in other words, the new control information field may identify a distribution of the reference signals across a frequency domain of each sub-subframe including sDMRS reference signals.
  • an SDMRS reference signal may be scheduled for a wireless terminal in a sub-subframe sPDSCH preceding a sub-subframe sPDSCH used for data transmission to the wireless terminal.
  • Base station processor 203 may schedule an SDMRS reference signal for a specific wireless terminal without scheduling a downlink (DL) data assignment in the same sub-subframe. This use of a preceding sub-subframe may be useful, for example, where there is a sub-subframe without a significant amount of data to transmit. In this case, base station processor 203 can use this sub-subframe for an SDMRS reference signal, and may use more resources for data transmission in the later sub-subframe(s).
  • wireless terminal processor 303 may perform blind decoding of a special control channel sPDCCH (as discussed above with respect to FIGS. 6-10, and 11A -B) to determine whether a sub-subframe has been assigned for data communication.
  • Predefined resources for sDMRS reference signals may be provided for each sub-subframe, and the sDMRS reference signals may or may not be present for that sub-subframe. If a wireless terminal processor 303 is configured to listen for transmissions on a resource where a sub-subframe can start at block 1301 , the wireless terminal processor 303 attempts to blindly decode the SPDCCH control channel using its current channel estimate h at block 1303 .
  • the wireless terminal processor 303 can successfully decode the control information (e.g., control information such as DCI) sent via the SPDCCH control channel (e.g., determined using a CRC check) at block 1305 , the wireless terminal processor 303 can then determine whether or not it is scheduled to receive data in the respective sub-subframe sPDSCH.
  • control information e.g., control information such as DCI
  • the wireless terminal processor 303 can then determine whether or not it is scheduled to receive data in the respective sub-subframe sPDSCH.
  • wireless terminal processor 303 if wireless terminal processor 303 successfully decodes the control information sent via control channel sPDCCH using the current channel estimate h at block 1305 (i.e., the control channel sPDCCH is scrambled using the individual identification, e.g., C-RNTI, for the wireless terminal, and the CRC check passes), data is scheduled for transmission to the wireless terminal during the corresponding sub-subframe sPDSCH.
  • Wireless terminal processor 303 may thus determine at block 1307 if the assigned sub-subframe sPDSCH includes new sDMRS reference signals.
  • processor 303 may generate a new channel estimate h′ at block 1309 , replace the current channel estimate with the new channel estimate h′ at block 1311 , and decode data from the assigned sub-subframe at block 1315 .
  • wireless terminal processor 303 may generate a new channel estimate h′ at block 1317 based on sDMRS reference signals assumed to be included in the sub-subframe associated with the control channel sPDCCH.
  • processor 303 may again attempt to decode the control channel sPDCCH using the new channel estimate h′. If this decoding is successful at block 1321 (i.e., the CRC check now passes), the corresponding sub-subframe sPDSCH is scheduled for data communication with the wireless terminal, and processor 303 will proceed to replace the previous channel estimate h with the new channel estimate h′ at block 1311 , and processor 1315 will decode data from the assigned sub-subframe at block 1315 .
  • wireless terminal processor 303 assumes that it is not scheduled in the current sub-subframe, discards the new channel estimate h′, and maintains the current channel estimate h. (This may enable the base station to schedule a different wireless terminal for a small number of sub-subframes, and then go back to the old wireless terminal without the need for a new sDMRS).
  • Operations of FIG. 13 may be repeated for each control channel sPDCCH of a subframe for which the wireless terminal is configured. If for a given control channel sPDCCH, the wireless terminal replaces the current channel estimate h with a new channel estimate h′ at block 1311 , the new channel estimate h′ becomes the current channel estimate h for the next iteration of block 1303 .
  • FIG. 14 allows for the possibility that an SDMRS reference signal may be scheduled for a wireless terminal in a sub-subframe sPDSCH preceding a sub-subframe sPDSCH used for data transmission to the wireless terminal.
  • Base station processor 203 may schedule an SDMRS reference signal for a specific wireless terminal without scheduling a downlink (DL) data assignment in the same sub-subframe.
  • DL downlink
  • operations of blocks 1303 , 1305 , 1307 , 1309 , 1311 , 1317 , 1319 , and 1321 may be performed for sub-subframes including data so that the data is decoded at blocks 1414 and 1315 , and for sub-subframes including sDMRS reference signals so that data is not decoded at block 1414 .
  • wireless terminal processor 303 may recursively average its channel estimate over a subframe boundary as long as the control channel sPDCCH CRC checks, leading to better channel estimates.
  • the base station can force the wireless terminal UE to reset its channel estimate either by changing the precoding matrix, and thus forcing a CRC fail, or by providing an indicator in the control channel sPDCCH to indicate that sDMRS reference signals are included in the assigned sub-subframe.
  • FIG. 15A illustrates frequency and time resource allocations for a group of wireless terminals including wireless terminals UE 1 and UE 2 over one subframe according to embodiments discussed above with respect to FIGS. 6-10 .
  • Slow control information e.g., scrambled using a group identification such as a group RNTI
  • control channel PDCCH for example, to assign a frequency resource including subcarriers SC 1 to SC 12 to the group of wireless terminals for data communication during the subframe
  • fast control information may be provided using control channels sPDCCH to assign respective sub-subframes sPDSCH to the wireless terminals.
  • fast control information of control channels sPDCCH 1 , sPDCCH 3 , sPDCCH 4 , sPDCCH 5 , and sPDCCH 6 may assign respective sub-subframes sPDSCH 1 , sPDSCH 3 , sPDSCH 4 , sPDSCH 5 , and sPDSCH 6 for data communication with wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • Fast control information of control channel sPDCCH 2 may assign respective sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 for data communication with wireless terminal 2 .
  • FIG. 15B is a diagram illustrating the six sub-subframes of FIG. 15A and a distribution of sDMRS reference signals (illustrated in solid black).
  • sDMRS reference signals may be included in sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 which is the first sub-subframe assigned to wireless terminal UE 1
  • sDMRS reference signals may be included sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 which is the first sub-subframe assigned to wireless terminal UE 2
  • sDMRS reference signals may be included in sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 which is assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • fast control information of control channels sPDCCH 1 , sPDCCH 2 , and sPDCCH 5 may include indications that the respective sub-subframes include sDMRS reference signals.
  • sDMRS reference signals may be omitted from sub-subframes sPDSCH 3 , sPDSCH 4 , and sPDSCH 6 , to increase capacity for data communication.
  • the base station may be configured to provide sDMRS reference signals in a first sub-subframe transmitted to a wireless terminal in a subframe (e.g., in sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 for wireless terminal UE 1 , and in sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 for wireless terminal UE 2 ).
  • the base station may also be configured to provide sDMRS reference signals in a sub-subframe if more than a threshold time (e.g., 0.5 ms) has passed since sDMRS reference symbols were provided for that wireless terminal.
  • a threshold time e.g., 0.5 ms
  • the channel estimate based on sDMRS reference signals of sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 may be sufficient to decode sub-subframes sPDSCH 1 , sPDSCH 3 , and sPDSCH 4 , but sDMRS reference signals may be provided in sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 for a new channel estimate because more than 0.5 ms have passed since the last sDMRS reference signals for wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • reference signal overhead may be reduced by not transmitting reference signals in every sub-subframe.
  • a first wireless terminal may reuse channel estimates from an earlier sub-subframe even if there is a gap in sub-subframes scheduled for the first wireless terminal (e.g., wireless terminal UE 1 reuses channel estimates from sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 for sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 in FIGS. 15A-B ), thereby allowing scheduling of other wireless terminals (e.g., wireless terminal UE 2 in sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 in FIGS. 15A-B ) without the need to retransmit reference signals to the first wireless terminal.
  • blind decoding of fast control information transmitted using control channel sPDCCH may be performed by a wireless terminal to determine whether sDMRS reference signals are included in the associated sub-subframe, and this may also enable averaging of channel estimates across subframe boundaries.
  • FIG. 16 is a flow chart illustrating operations of a base station BS (also referred to as a network node) processor 203 according to some embodiments of inventive concepts.
  • processor 203 may transmit control information PDCCH (also referred to as slow control information) through transceiver 201 at block 1603 as shown in FIG. 15A .
  • PDCCH also referred to as slow control information
  • Control information PDCCH may identify a distribution of reference signals sDMRS across a frequency domain of subsequent sub-subframes sPDSCH 1 , sPDSCH 2 , sPDSCH 3 , sPDSCH 4 , sPDSCH 5 , and sPDSCH 6 ; and/or control information PDCCH may include a frequency resource assignment for a group of sub-subframes (e.g., an assignment of subcarriers SC 1 to SC 12 for sub-subframes sPDSCH 1 to sPDSCH 6 ) within the subframe.
  • processor 203 may transmit control information sPDCCH 1 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 201 to first wireless terminal UE 1 , and control information sPDCCH 1 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 to first wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 203 may transmit sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 including reference signals sDMRS through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 may include reference signals sDMRS and downlink data for wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • transmission of corresponding control information sPDCCH 1 and sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 may begin at the same time and/or may be overlapping in time.
  • processor 203 may receive ACK/NACK feedback from wireless terminal UE 1 through transceiver 201 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 . While block 1609 is shown before transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be received after transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1605 , 1607 , and 1609 may be repeated for each sub-subframe of the frequency resource assignment in the subframe until the subframe is complete at block 1611 .
  • processor 203 may then transmit control information sPDCCH 2 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 2 , and control information sPDCCH 2 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 to wireless terminal UE 2 .
  • processor 203 may transmit sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 including reference signals sDMRS through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 2 .
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 may include reference signals sDMRS and downlink data for wireless terminal UE 2 .
  • transmission of corresponding control information sPDCCH 1 and sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 may begin at the same time and/or may be overlapping in time.
  • processor 203 may receive ACK/NACK feedback from wireless terminal UE 2 through transceiver 201 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 . While block 1609 is shown before transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be received after transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1605 , 1607 , and 1609 may then be repeated for a next sub-subframe (e.g., sPDSCH 3 ) of the frequency resource assignment at block 1611 .
  • a next sub-subframe e.g., sPDSCH 3
  • processor 203 may then transmit control information sPDCCH 3 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 201 to t wireless terminal UE 1 , and control information sPDCCH 3 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 203 may transmit sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 (without reference signals) through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 may include downlink data for wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • transmission of corresponding control information sPDCCH 3 and sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 may begin at the same time and/or may be overlapping in time.
  • processor 203 may receive ACK/NACK feedback from wireless terminal UE 1 through transceiver 201 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 . While block 1609 is shown before transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be received after transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1605 , 1607 , and 1609 may then be repeated for a next sub-subframe (e.g., sPDSCH 4 ) of the frequency resource assignment at block 1611 .
  • a next sub-subframe e.g., sPDSCH 4
  • processor 203 may then transmit control information sPDCCH 4 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 , and control information sPDCCH 4 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 203 may transmit sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 (without reference signals) through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 may include downlink data for wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • transmission of corresponding control information sPDCCH 4 and sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 may begin at the same time and/or may be overlapping in time.
  • processor 203 may receive ACK/NACK feedback from wireless terminal UE 1 through transceiver 201 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 . While block 1609 is shown before transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be received after transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1605 , 1607 , and 1609 may then be repeated for a next sub-subframe (e.g., sPDSCH 5 ) of the frequency resource assignment at block 1611 .
  • a next sub-subframe e.g., sPDSCH 5
  • processor 203 may then transmit control information sPDCCH 5 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 , and control information sPDCCH 5 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 203 may transmit sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 with reference signals through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 may include reference signals sDMRS and downlink data for wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • transmission of corresponding control information sPDCCH 5 and sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 may begin at the same time and/or may be overlapping in time.
  • processor 203 may receive ACK/NACK feedback from wireless terminal UE 1 through transceiver 201 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 . While block 1609 is shown before transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be received after transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1605 , 1607 , and 1609 may then be repeated for a next sub-subframe (e.g., sPDSCH 6 ) of the frequency resource assignment at block 1611 .
  • a next sub-subframe e.g., sPDSCH 6
  • processor 203 may then transmit control information sPDCCH 6 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 201 to first wireless terminal UE 1 , and control information sPDCCH 6 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 to first wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 203 may transmit sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 (without reference signals) through transceiver 201 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 may include downlink data for wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • transmission of corresponding control information sPDCCH 6 and sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 may begin at the same time and/or may be overlapping in time.
  • processor 203 may receive ACK/NACK feedback from wireless terminal UE 1 through transceiver 201 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 . While block 1609 is shown before transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be received after transmitting a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Because the subframe of FIG. 15A is now complete at block 1611 , processor 203 may return to block 1601 for a next subframe. In a next subframe, different time and/or frequency allocations may be provided for one or more groups of sub-subframes.
  • FIG. 17 is a flow chart illustrating operations of a wireless terminal UE 1 processor 303 according to some embodiments of inventive concepts.
  • processor 303 may receive control information PDCCH (also referred to as slow control information) through transceiver 301 at block 1703 as shown in FIG. 15A .
  • PDCCH also referred to as slow control information
  • Control information PDCCH may identify a distribution of reference signals sDMRS across a frequency domain of subsequent sub-subframes sPDSCH 1 , sPDSCH 2 , sPDSCH 3 , sPDSCH 4 , sPDSCH 5 , and sPDSCH 6 ; and/or control information PDCCH may include a frequency resource assignment for a group of sub-subframes (e.g., an assignment of subcarriers SC 1 to SC 12 for sub-subframes sPDSCH 1 to sPDSCH 6 ) within the subframe.
  • processor 303 may receive control information sPDCCH 1 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 301 from base station BS, and control information sPDCCH 1 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 to first wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 303 may determine whether sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 includes reference signals, for example, based on control information PDCCH and/or sPDCCH 1 . If sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 includes reference signals as shown in FIG.
  • processor 303 may generate a channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 at block 1706 , and processor 303 may receive sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 (including downlink data) by decoding sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 using the channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of the sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 . If the sub-subframe does not include reference signals at block 1706 a (e.g., sub-subframes sPDSCH 3 , sPDSCH 4 , and sPDSCH 6 ), processor 303 may receive the sub-subframe using a previously generated channel estimate from a previous sub-subframe.
  • reference signals at block 1706 a e.g., sub-subframes sPDSCH 3 , sPDSCH 4 , and sPDSCH 6
  • processor 303 may transmit ACK/NACK feedback through transceiver 301 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 . While block 1709 is shown before receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be transmitted after receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1705 , 1706 a, 1706 b, 1707 , and 1709 may be repeated for each sub-subframe of the frequency resource assignment that is assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 until the subframe is complete at block 1711 .
  • wireless terminal UE 1 may take no action with respect to sub-subframe sPDSCH 2 .
  • processor 303 may receive control information sPDCCH 3 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 301 from base station BS, and control information sPDCCH 3 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 to first wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 303 may determine whether sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 includes reference signals, for example, based on control information PDCCH and/or sPDCCH 3 . Because sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 does not include reference signals as shown in FIG. 15B , processor 303 may receive sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 at block 1707 using the channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 .
  • processor 303 may transmit ACK/NACK feedback through transceiver 301 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 3 . While block 1709 is shown before receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be transmitted after receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1705 , 1706 a, 1706 b, 1707 , and 1709 may be repeated for a next sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 that is assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 at block 1711 .
  • processor 303 may receive control information sPDCCH 4 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 301 from base station BS, and control information sPDCCH 4 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 to first wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 303 may determine whether sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 includes reference signals, for example, based on control information PDCCH and/or sPDCCH 4 . Because sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 does not include reference signals as shown in FIG. 15B , processor 303 may receive sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 at block 1707 using the channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of sub-subframe sPDSCH 1 .
  • processor 303 may transmit ACK/NACK feedback through transceiver 301 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 4 . While block 1709 is shown before receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be transmitted after receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1705 , 1706 a, 1706 b, 1707 , and 1709 may be repeated for a next sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 that is assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 at block 1711 .
  • processor 303 may receive control information sPDCCH 5 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 301 from base station BS, and control information sPDCCH 5 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 to first wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 303 may determine whether sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 includes reference signals, for example, based on control information PDCCH and/or sPDCCH 5 . Because sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 includes reference signals as shown in FIG.
  • processor 303 may generate a channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 at block 1706 , and processor 303 may receive sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 (including downlink data) by decoding sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 using the channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of the sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 .
  • processor 303 may transmit ACK/NACK feedback through transceiver 301 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 . While block 1709 is shown before receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be transmitted after receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Operations of blocks 1705 , 1706 a, 1706 b, 1707 , and 1709 may be repeated for a next sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 that is assigned to wireless terminal UE 1 at block 1711 .
  • processor 303 may receive control information sPDCCH 6 (also referred to as fast control information) through transceiver 301 from base station BS, and control information sPDCCH 6 may assign sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 to wireless terminal UE 1 .
  • processor 303 may determine whether sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 includes reference signals, for example, based on control information PDCCH and/or sPDCCH 6 . Because sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 does not include reference signals as shown in FIG. 15B , processor 303 may receive sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 at block 1707 using the channel estimate based on the reference signals sDMRS of sub-subframe sPDSCH 5 .
  • processor 303 may transmit ACK/NACK feedback through transceiver 301 for the downlink data of sub-subframe sPDSCH 6 . While block 1709 is shown before receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe for ease of illustration, the ACK/NACK feedback for one sub-subframe may be transmitted after receiving a next sub-subframe/subframe according to some embodiments. Because the subframe of FIG. 15A is now complete at block 1711 , processor 303 may return to block 1701 for a next subframe. In a next subframe, different time and/or frequency allocations may be provided for one or more groups of sub-subframes.
  • BS network node
  • RAN radio access network
  • Embodiment 1 wherein the first sub-subframe is free of downlink data for the wireless terminal.
  • the wireless terminal is a first wireless terminal, the method further comprising: after transmitting the first sub-subframe and before transmitting the second sub-subframe, transmitting a third sub-subframe of the subframe, wherein the third sub-subframe includes reference signals and/or downlink data for a second wireless terminal.
  • Embodiment 5 wherein transmitting the first sub-subframe comprises transmitting the first sub-subframe using a frequency resource, wherein transmitting the second sub-subframe comprises transmitting the second sub-subframe using the frequency resource, and wherein transmitting the third sub-subframe comprises transmitting the third sub-subframe using the frequency resource.
  • the method of any of Embodiments 5-6 further comprising: transmitting first control information to the first wireless terminal, wherein the first control information assigns the first sub-subframe to the first wireless terminal; after transmitting the first control information, transmitting second control information to the second wireless terminal wherein the second control information assigns the third sub-subframe to the second wireless terminal; and after transmitting the second control information, transmitting third control information to the first wireless terminal, wherein the third control information assigns the second sub-subframe to the first wireless terminal.
  • Embodiment 7 wherein transmitting the first sub-subframe comprises transmitting the first sub-subframe using a first frequency resource, wherein transmitting the second sub-subframe comprises transmitting the second sub-subframe using the first frequency resource, wherein transmitting the third sub-subframe comprises transmitting the third sub-subframe using the first frequency resource, wherein transmitting the first control information comprises transmitting the first control information using a second frequency resource, wherein transmitting the second control information comprises transmitting the second control information using the second frequency resource, and wherein transmitting the third control information comprises transmitting the third control information using the second frequency resource, and wherein the first and second frequency resources are different.
  • Embodiment 10 wherein the individual identification for the first wireless terminal is a C-RNTI for the first wireless terminal, and wherein the individual identification for the second wireless device is a C-RNTI for the second wireless device.
  • the method of any of Embodiments 1-6 further comprising: transmitting first control information to the first wireless terminal, wherein the first control information assigns the first sub-subframe to the first wireless terminal; and after transmitting the first control information, transmitting second control information to the first wireless terminal, wherein the second control information assigns the second sub-subframe to the first wireless terminal.
  • transmitting the first sub-subframe comprises transmitting the first sub-subframe using a frequency resource
  • transmitting the second sub-subframe comprises transmitting the second sub-subframe using the frequency resource
  • the method of any of Embodiments 1-6 and 12-13 further comprising: after transmitting the second sub-subframe, transmitting a third sub-subframe of the subframe, wherein the third sub-subframe includes reference signals and downlink data for the wireless terminal.
  • the method further comprising: receiving first ACK/NACK feedback from the wireless terminal for the first downlink data; and receiving second ACK/NACK feedback from the wireless terminal for the second downlink data, wherein the first ACK/NACK feedback is separate from the second ACK/NACK feedback.
  • Embodiment 18 The method of Embodiment 18, wherein the second ACK/NACK feedback is received after receiving the first ACK/NACK feedback.
  • the method of any of Embodiments 1-19 further comprising: transmitting control information to the wireless terminal identifying a distribution of the reference signals across a frequency domain of the first sub-subframe.
  • the method of any of Embodiments 1-6 and 13-20 further comprising: transmitting control information to the wireless terminal before completion of the first sub-subframe, wherein the control information includes an indication that the second sub-subframe is free of the reference signals.
  • Embodiment 21 wherein the control information assigns the first sub-subframe to the wireless terminal.
  • control information includes an indication of the first sub-subframe includes the reference signals.
  • control information assigns the second sub-subframe to the wireless terminal.
  • a network node of a radio access network comprising: a communication interface configured to provide communication with one or more wireless terminals over a radio interface; and a processor coupled with the communication interface, wherein the processor is configured to perform operations of any of embodiments 1-25.
  • a network node of a radio access network wherein the network node is adapted to perform operations of any of Embodiments 1-26.
  • a method of operating a wireless terminal in communication with a radio access network comprising: receiving a first sub-subframe of a subframe from a base station, wherein the first sub-subframe includes reference signals for the wireless terminal; and after receiving the first sub-subframe, receiving a second sub-subframe of the subframe from the base station, wherein the second sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal, and wherein the second sub-subframe is free of reference signals.
  • Embodiment 28 further comprising: generating a channel estimate based on the reference signals of the first sub-subframe, wherein receiving the second sub-subframe comprises decoding the second sub-subframe using the channel estimate based on the reference signals of the first sub-subframe.
  • receiving the first sub-subframe comprises decoding the first downlink data using the channel estimate.
  • receiving the first sub-subframe comprises receiving the first sub-subframe using a frequency resource
  • receiving the second sub-subframe comprises receiving the second sub-subframe using the frequency resource
  • the method of any of Embodiments 28-34 further comprising: receiving first control information from the base station, wherein the first control information assigns the first sub-subframe to the wireless terminal; and after receiving the first control information, receiving second control information from the base station, wherein the second control information assigns the second sub-subframe to the wireless terminal.
  • receiving the first sub-subframe comprises receiving the first sub-subframe using a first frequency resource
  • receiving the second sub-subframe comprises receiving the second sub-subframe using the first frequency resource
  • receiving the first control information comprises receiving the first control information using a second frequency resource
  • receiving the second control information comprises receiving the second control information using the second frequency resource
  • the first and second frequency resources are different.
  • Embodiment 38 wherein the individual identification for the wireless terminal is a C-RNTI for the wireless terminal.
  • the base station after receiving the second sub-subframe, receiving a third sub-subframe of the subframe from the base station, wherein the third sub-subframe includes reference signals and downlink data for the wireless terminal.
  • the method further comprising: transmitting first ACK/NACK feedback to the base station for the first downlink data; and transmitting second ACK/NACK feedback to the base station for the second downlink data, wherein the first ACK/NACK feedback is separate from the second ACK/NACK feedback.
  • Embodiment 44 wherein the second ACK/NACK feedback is received after receiving the first ACK/NACK feedback.
  • Embodiments 28-45 further comprising: receiving control information from the base station identifying a distribution of the reference signals across a frequency domain of the first sub-subframe.
  • the method of any of Embodiments 28-34 and 40-46 further comprising: receiving control information from the base station before completion of the first sub-subframe, wherein the control information includes an indication that the second sub-subframe is free of the reference signals.
  • Embodiment 47 wherein the control information assigns the first sub-subframe to the wireless terminal.
  • control information includes an indication of the first sub-subframe includes the reference signals.
  • a method of operating a wireless terminal in communication with a radio access network comprising: responsive to failure decoding control information from the base station using a first channel estimate, generating a second channel estimate based on assumed reference signals in a sub-subframe associated with the control information; and responsive to success decoding the control information using the second channel estimate, receiving downlink data of the sub-subframe.
  • receiving downlink data of the sub-subframe comprises decoding downlink data of the sub-subframe based on the second channel estimate.
  • Embodiments 51-52 further comprising: responsive to success decoding second control information using the second channel estimate, receiving downlink data of a second sub-subframe.
  • Embodiments 51-52 further comprising: responsive to failure decoding second control information from the base station using the second channel estimate, generating a third channel estimate based on assumed reference signals in a second sub-subframe associated with the second control information; responsive to failure decoding the second control information using the third channel estimate, maintaining the second channel estimate; and responsive to maintaining the second channel estimate, attempting to decode third control information using the second channel estimate.
  • the method further comprising: receiving initial control information from the base station, wherein the initial control information assigns an initial sub-subframe to the wireless terminal; and responsive to decoding the initial control information, generating the first channel estimate based on reference signals included in the initial sub-subframe.
  • the method of any of Embodiments 55 wherein the initial sub-subframe includes downlink data for the wireless terminal further comprising: decoding the downlink data of the initial sub-subframe using the first channel estimate; and wherein receiving downlink data of the sub-subframe comprises decoding the downlink data of the sub-subframe using the second channel estimate.
  • a wireless terminal comprising: a transceiver configured to provide radio communication with a radio access network over a radio interface; and a processor coupled with the transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to perform operations of any of embodiments 28-56.
  • a wireless terminal adapted to perform operations of any of Embodiments 28-56.
  • the terms “comprise”, “comprising”, “comprises”, “include”, “including”, “includes”, “have”, “has”, “having”, or variants thereof are open-ended, and include one or more stated features, integers, nodes, steps, components or functions but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, nodes, steps, components, functions or groups thereof.
  • the common abbreviation “e.g.”, which derives from the Latin phrase “exempli gratia,” may be used to introduce or specify a general example or examples of a previously mentioned item, and is not intended to be limiting of such item.
  • the common abbreviation “i.e.”, which derives from the Latin phrase “id est,” may be used to specify a particular item from a more general recitation.
  • Example embodiments are described herein with reference to block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations of computer-implemented methods, apparatus (systems and/or devices) and/or computer program products. It is understood that a block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by computer program instructions that are performed by one or more computer circuits.
  • These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor circuit (also referred to as a processor) of a general purpose computer circuit, special purpose computer circuit, and/or other programmable data processing circuit to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, transform and control transistors, values stored in memory locations, and other hardware components within such circuitry to implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks, and thereby create means (functionality) and/or structure for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block(s).
  • a processor circuit also referred to as a processor of a general purpose computer circuit, special purpose computer circuit, and/or other programmable data processing circuit to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, transform and control transistors, values stored in memory locations, and other hardware components within such circuitry to implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagram
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a tangible computer-readable medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable medium produce an article of manufacture including instructions which implement the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.
  • a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable medium may include an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, or semiconductor data storage system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples of the computer-readable medium would include the following: a portable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM) circuit, a read-only memory (ROM) circuit, an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory) circuit, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), and a portable digital video disc read-only memory (DVD/BlueRay).
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • EPROM or Flash memory erasable programmable read-only memory
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • DVD/BlueRay portable digital video disc read-only memory
  • the computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer and/or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer-implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.
  • embodiments of present inventive concepts may be embodied in hardware and/or in software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.) that runs on a processor such as a digital signal processor, which may collectively be referred to as “circuitry,” “a module” or variants thereof.
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