US20170208753A1 - Shading device - Google Patents
Shading device Download PDFInfo
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- US20170208753A1 US20170208753A1 US15/480,542 US201715480542A US2017208753A1 US 20170208753 A1 US20170208753 A1 US 20170208753A1 US 201715480542 A US201715480542 A US 201715480542A US 2017208753 A1 US2017208753 A1 US 2017208753A1
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- shading device
- shading
- light
- thread
- lighting element
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/20—Forcing-frames; Lights, i.e. glass panels covering the forcing-frames
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/249—Lighting means
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
- D03D1/0047—Camouflage fabrics
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0035—Protective fabrics
- D03D1/007—UV radiation protecting
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D1/00—Woven fabrics designed to make specified articles
- D03D1/0088—Fabrics having an electronic function
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D03D15/0011—
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- D03D15/0066—
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- D03D15/0088—
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
- D03D15/25—Metal
- D03D15/258—Noble metal
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/20—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads
- D03D15/242—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the material of the fibres or filaments constituting the yarns or threads inorganic, e.g. basalt
- D03D15/267—Glass
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
- D03D15/40—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads
- D03D15/44—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the structure of the yarns or threads with specific cross-section or surface shape
- D03D15/46—Flat yarns, e.g. tapes or films
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
- F41H3/02—Flexible, e.g. fabric covers, e.g. screens, nets characterised by their material or structure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0274—Optical details, e.g. printed circuits comprising integral optical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/038—Textiles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/09—Use of materials for the conductive, e.g. metallic pattern
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/18—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components
- H05K1/181—Printed circuits structurally associated with non-printed electric components associated with surface mounted components
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
- D10B2101/06—Glass
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
- D10B2101/08—Ceramic
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
- D10B2321/041—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polyvinyl chloride or polyvinylidene chloride
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/22—Physical properties protective against sunlight or UV radiation
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/18—Outdoor fabrics, e.g. tents, tarpaulins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10007—Types of components
- H05K2201/10106—Light emitting diode [LED]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/10—Details of components or other objects attached to or integrated in a printed circuit board
- H05K2201/10007—Types of components
- H05K2201/10113—Lamp
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a shading device (10) for a greenhouse (15), with a shading element (20) and at least one lighting element (50,50′), wherein the shading element (20) comprises an outer side (21) and an inner side (22), the shading element (20) is formed from interwoven electrically conductive first thread elements (30,30′) and electrically insulating second thread elements (40), the first thread element (30,30′) comprises a reflective mean (33), reflecting an ambient light (60), the lighting element (50,50′) is arranged at the inner side (22) of the shading element (20) and connected with the first thread element (30,30′), and the lighting element (50,50′) is driven by an electrical current, conducted by the first thread element (30,30′), resulting in the emission of an artificial light (51), illuminating a plant (80) growing in the greenhouse (15).
Description
- This application is a Divisional Application of U.S. application Ser. No. 12/599,341, filed on Oct. 20, 2010 which is the U.S. National Phase Application of International Application No. PCT/IB2008/051787, filed on May 7, 2008 and claims the benefit of European Patent Application No. 07108178.0, filed on May 14, 2007. These applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
- This invention relates to a shading device for a greenhouse.
- In horticulture plant production greenhouses are often equipped with artificial light sources to extend the growing period of the plants, beyond the point where the sun has set. Furthermore, this allows a producer to bring plants on the market on demand, independent of the season. To achieve this aim normally high pressure sodium lamps (HPS) are used. However, this causes a number of problems. First of all, the supplemental light emission causes light pollution, annoying people who are living in the proximity of the greenhouse. To reduce the disturbance, shading devices are used which shade the illuminated inner part of the greenhouse from the surrounding. The shading devices may either cover the windows or are arranged above the planting area of the greenhouse. Furthermore, high pressure sodium lamps typically generate light in the green/yellow spectrum. However, the absorption spectra of most common pigments of plants are in a different frequency range.
- As the “duty cycle” and the intensity of the sunlight often fluctuate, the artificial light sources are not only used to extend the growing period but also to achieve a constant illumination of the plants. Therefore, the shading device is not only prohibiting the flow of the artificial light into the surrounding but also the intrusion of sunlight into the greenhouse.
- In the GB 2 396 252 A a textile fabric is disclosed, comprising surface mounted LEDs and connective tracks. The connective tracks, which may be yarns woven in the fabric or printed on the fabric, are connected with the LEDs. To drive the LEDs, an electrical current is flowing through the conductive tracks. Unfortunately, the described textile fabric absorbs the heat of the sun. Furthermore, the interwoven electrical yarns are difficult and expensive to produce.
- Thus, the invention has for its object to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a shading device for a greenhouse, which on the one hand protects the plants within the greenhouse from environmental impacts and on the other hand illuminates the plants.
- This object is achieved by a shading device for a greenhouse as taught by claim 1 of the present invention. Advantageous embodiments of the shading device for a greenhouse are defined in the subclaims.
- The object of the invention is achieved by a shading device for a greenhouse, with a shading element and at least one lighting element, wherein the shading element comprises an outer side and an inner side, the shading element is formed from interwoven electrically conductive first thread elements and electrically insulating second thread elements, the first thread element comprises a reflective mean, reflecting an ambient light, the lighting element is arranged at the inner side of the shading element and connected with the first thread element, and the lighting element is driven by an electrical current, conducted by the first thread element, resulting in the emission of an artificial light, illuminating a plant growing in the greenhouse.
- The disclosed shading device combines the ability to protect plants in a greenhouse against an ambient light and to emit artificial light, possessing an intensity and wavelength spectrum favorable for the plants. Additionally, different types of lighting elements can be used to reduce the total cost of ownership in the greenhouse application. In the context of the invention two different types of light occur: an artificial light and an ambient light. The artificial light is generated by the lighting element, arranged at the inner side of the shading element. The ambient light may either be sunlight, shining onto the greenhouse, a synthetic light, emitted by an illumination device in the greenhouse or artificial light, reflected by the plants or the inner structure of the greenhouse.
- The invention discloses a reflective mean, reflecting the ambient light and being arranged on the first thread element. This reflective mean may in a first preferred embodiment be a reflective layer. If the first thread element is a yarn, it may be advantageous that the reflective layer is a coating, cladding the thread element. Such a coating can be put onto the yarn-like first thread element in an immersion bath.
- In another preferred embodiment the first and/or the second thread element comprise an outer surface and an inner surface. The outer surface of the thread elements is a part of an outer side of the shading element. Likewise, the inner surface is a part of an inner side of the shading element. Depending on the type of use, different arrangements of the reflective mean on the surfaces of the thread elements are possible. In a first alternative the outer surface of the first thread element is covered with the reflective mean. So the sunlight shining onto the greenhouse is reflected and prevented from illuminating the plants. This effect can be increased by covering also the outer surface of the second thread element with the reflective mean. In a further alternative the inner surface of the first thread element is covered with the reflective mean. Therefore, not only the ambient light within the greenhouse but also the artificial light emitted by the lighting element is reflected onto the plants. This increases the efficiency of the shading device. As has been said before, this effect further can be increased by covering the inner surface of the second thread element with a reflective mean.
- The reflective mean may be a foil like element, being connected with one of the inner or outer surfaces of the first and/or second thread element. The connection may be done through different methods, as for example by gluing or welding the foil like reflective mean to the surface. Apart from this merging, the reflective mean may be produced by thin film deposition techniques, such as ion beam deposition, electron beam deposition or chemical vapor deposition. In a preferred embodiment, the reflective mean comprises a height between 20 μm to 800 μm, preferably between 50 μm to 500 μm.
- In another preferred embodiment the reflective mean and the first thread element are one-piece. Such kind of first and/or second thread elements are easy and cheap to produce as no gluing or welding is needed. Furthermore, such kind of thread elements often possesses an enhanced mechanical stability, which is useful to produce shading devices with a large size.
- According to a preferred embodiment the lighting mean is an LED, an OLED, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) lamp, a gas discharge lamp, a high intensity discharge lamp, an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp or a high pressure sodium lamp. The shading device may comprise a number of lighting elements, which are spatially distributed on the shading element to achieve a homogeneous illumination. According to a preferred embodiment the shading device comprises a combination of at least two different types of the named lighting elements. For example, the shading device may comprise a combination of a high pressure sodium lamp and an LED, a combination of an LED and an OLED or a combination of a high pressure sodium lamp and an OLED.
- LEDs (Light Emitting Diode) have the advantage that their spectrum can be designed such that it exactly meets the requirements of plants. The said advantage also apply to an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) which is a special type of a light emitting diode in which the emissive layer may comprise a thin film of certain organic components. The advantage of the OLED is that it is a homogeneous large area light source with potentially low cost and high efficiency and hence, OLEDs are better suited for horticulture applications where the total cost of ownership is important. These OLEDs utilize current, flowing through a thin-film of organic material to generate light. The color of light being emitted and the efficiency of the energy conversion from current to light are determined by the composition of the organic thin-film material.
- According to another embodiment of the invention the shading device may comprise at least two different types of lighting elements, wherein the first lighting element delivers a grow light and the second lighting element delivers a control light for the plant. It is known, that the sheer growth of the plant is mainly depending on the amount of light, possessing the wavelength absorbed by Chlorophyll A or B. To achieve a generous growth of the plant the first lighting element should comprise at least two types of LEDs/OLEDs, emitting at different wavelength. It is preferred that the first type of LEDs/OLEDs emits in the region of blue light with a wavelength between 400 nm to 500 nm. Furthermore, the second type of LEDs/OLEDs should emit in the region of red light between 600 to 700 nm. In another preferred embodiment the grow light emitted by the first lighting element may consists of approximately 80% to 90% red light and 10% to 20% blue light. In addition to the described grow light, a control light should be used to steer the growth of the plant. The growths of a plant whether it is huge or small and compact can be controlled by illuminating the plant with light of different colors. It is known, that the use of a large amount of blue light (400 nm to 500 nm) results in a tall plant whereas the use of a small amount of blue light results in a small and compact plant. Furthermore, it is believed that the light in the green spectrum increases the tendency of the plant to propagate. In addition, by using light with the appropriate wavelength the blooming of the plants can be controlled. So by controlling the type of wavelength being emitted onto the plants, the way and the manner of the growing of the plant can be controlled.
- To achieve homogeneous illumination, a number of lighting elements may be arranged uniform on the inner side of the shading device. Each lighting element is thereby connected to the first thread element. In a preferred embodiment the first thread element comprises a circuit mean conducting the electrical current to drive the lighting element. Depending on the type of lighting elements, the needed current and/or voltage may vary strongly. Therefore, the form and size of the circuit mean may differ, depending on the type of lighting element. In a first embodiment the circuit mean may be mounted onto one of the surfaces of the first thread element. Therefore, an easy connection of the lighting element and the first thread element is possible. Furthermore, a subsequent mounting of lighting elements on an already existing shading device may be done. If, for example, the type or the number of lighting elements should be changed, they can be clipped into the shading element respectively to the first thread element. In a second embodiment the circuit mean is arranged within the first thread element. This enhances the safety of the shading device, because a person touching it cannot get in contact with the circuit mean. Therefore, if higher currents and/or voltages are needed to drive the lighting element this embodiment is advantageous. On the other hand the design of the circuit mean is depending on the use of the shading device. If the shading device possesses a tile like structure, positioned in front of one of the windows and being displaced as a whole, the circuit mean may easily be arranged on the outer surface. If, on the other hand, the shading device possesses a textile structure and can be folded or rolled together, it is more convenient if the circuit mean is embedded within the first thread element.
- Depending on the type of use, the first thread element and/or the circuit mean may comprise at least one metal or metal-oxide and/or at least one of the following materials: aluminum, copper, zinc, tin, iron, silver, ITO (indium tin oxide), chromium or magnesium. Each of the named metals possesses a high electrical conductivity, resulting in the ability to conduct an electrical current. The named metals may be evaporated onto the surface of the first thread element resulting in a surface layer, used to transport the electrical current. This embodiment has the advantage that the circuit mean also absorbs the function of the reflective layer. For example, aluminum possesses a high electrical conductivity and a high reflectivity. Therefore, a circuit mean made of aluminum would not only transport the current with low resistivity but also reflect the ambient light of the sun and/or the artificial light of the lighting element. Last named advantage would prevent the heating up of the shading device as well as focusing the artificial light emitted by the lighting element.
- In another preferred embodiment the second thread element comprises an electrical isolating material, to prevent a short circuit from occurring. Therefore, the second thread element should comprise at least one of the following materials: a plastic, preferably PVC or XLPE, a polymer, preferably an acryl, glass, ceramic or mica. Each of the named materials prevents an electrical current from passing through the second thread element. The electrical insulating material may coat the outer surface of the second thread element. In this embodiment the electrical insulating material may also work as the reflective layer of the second thread element, reflecting the artificial and/or ambient light.
- In another preferred embodiment the circuit mean of the first thread element is connected with a source. Furthermore, other parts of the power supply may be integrated within the shading device. This would result in the ability to steer different lighting elements, positioned onto the shading element. If the shading device possesses a large size, it may be appropriate that different first thread elements are connected with different sources, resulting in the ability to mount a plurality of different light emitting elements onto the shading device. Such a shading device would possess the ability to emit artificial light with different wavelength, as the needed light spectrum may also vary for different types of plants. Furthermore, a microcomputer connected to a central computer device may manage the supply of electrical current to the individual first thread elements respectively lighting elements.
- In another preferred embodiment the first and/or the second thread element comprises a band like form. Such band like form results in a coarse meshed textile, forming the shading element. Band like thread elements are easy to produce and equip with the circuit respectively reflective mean. Furthermore, the described thread elements form shading devices, which are covering the whole area of a greenhouse. Therefore the uniform screening/illumination of all plants, growing within the greenhouse, is possible.
- The aforementioned shading device, as well as claimed components and the components to be used in accordance with the invention in the described embodiments, are not subject to any special exceptions with respect to size, shape, material selection. Technical concepts such that the selection criteria are known in the pertinent field can be applied without limitations. Additional details, characteristics and advantages of the object of the present invention are disclosed in the subclaims and the following description of the respective figures—which are an exemplary fashion only—showing a plurality of preferred embodiments of the shading device according to the present invention.
- The invention further relates to a method to operate a shading device according to claim 1 comprising the steps
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- adjusting the amount of an artificial light emitted by a lighting element in response to the amount of an ambient light in order to achieve a constant illumination of the plants during day time, and
- adjusting the amount of artificial light emitted by the lighting element at night to a higher amount compared to the amount of the artificial light during day time.
- In an embodiment the amount of artificial light at night is adjusted to the total amount of ambient light and artificial light during day time. The driver of the shading device may comprise sensors to detect the total amount of light (artificial light+ambient light) in order to adjust the drive parameter of the shading device to achieve a suitable adjustment of the amount of artificial light in response to the ambient light during day light and to adjust the amount of artificial light during night. Sensors detecting the amount of light are known by people skilled in the art.
- These figures are:
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FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a greenhouse, -
FIG. 2 shows an outer side of a shading device, -
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of an inner side of the shading device, and -
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the shading device. -
FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of agreenhouse 15 according to the present invention. In thegreenhouse 15, two rows offlower beds 16 are shown. Theflower bed 16 contains a soil or a substrate in which aplant 80 is grown. As research has shown, the optimal growth of theplant 80 is depending on the availability of a number of resources. The growth of theplant 80 is directly correlated with its photosynthesis, being the synthesis of sugar from light, carbon dioxide and water, with oxygen as a waste product. So one of the main resources, responsible for the growth of theplant 80, is the available amount of light, absorbed by Chlorophyll A and B. - To achieve supplemental growth in
greenhouse applications lamps 90 are used to increase the illumination time of the plants or the light intensity. Therefore, the plants are still illuminated by synthetic light 91 if the sun has already set. Apopular lamp 90 used in greenhouse applications is the high pressure sodium (HPS) lamp. However,HPS lamps 90 typically generate synthetic light 91 in the yellow/green spectrum. Unfortunately, the absorption spectra of the most common pigments ofplants 80 are in a different frequency range. Furthermore, if illuminated by an artificiallight source 90, thegreenhouse 15 causes light pollution during the night. As regulations limit the light level ofgreenhouses 15 during specific hours of the day, ashading device 10 is needed to avoid thesynthetic light 91 leaving thegreenhouse 15. InFIG. 1 twoshading devices 10 are shown, both arranged in the roof of thegreenhouse 15. Theshading device 10 comprises ashading element 20, blocking anambient light 60—also quoted as sunlight. In the shown embodiment noambient light 60 is able to enter thegreenhouse 15. - To achieve the object of the invention to protect the
plant 80 from environmental impacts as well as to illuminate theplant 80, ashading device 10 is disclosed. InFIG. 2 a section of anouter side 21 of theshading device 10 is shown. Theshading device 10 comprises a number offirst thread elements 30 andsecond thread elements 40, which are interwoven to form a textile. Theouter side 21 of theshading device 10 is formed by anouter surface first thread element 30 respectivelysecond thread element 40. In the shown embodiment thefirst thread element 30 possesses a reflective mean 33—here a reflective layer—which is able to reflect theambient light 60. As theshading device 10 is used to screen theplants 80 in thegreenhouse 15 from the directlyincident sunlight 60 theshading device 15 is arranged in such a way, that theouter side 21 is facing the sun. Thereflective mean 33 possesses the ability to reflect thesunlight 60, so that neither thegreenhouse 15 nor theshading device 10 is heated up. - The
shading device 10 comprises a fabric like structure, formed by thefirst thread element 30 and thesecond thread element 40. Boththread elements rectangular thread elements width 23, which is between 2 mm and 5 cm, resulting in a coarse meshed textile. Such textile structures have the advantage that theshading device 10 is light weighted and possesses the ability to efficiently shade theplants 80. Nevertheless, a circulation of air through theshading device 10 is possible. Therefore, a heat exchange from theouter side 21 to aninner side 22 of theshading device 10 is possible. - In
FIG. 3 theinner side 22 of theshading device 10 is shown. In contrast to theouter side 21 shown inFIG. 2 , a number oflighting elements lighting elements plants 80 within the greenhouse. In the shown embodiment theselighting elements artificial light 51, which possesses a wavelength within a frequency spectrum, not filled by thesynthetic light 91 of thelamps 90 but important for the growth of theplants 80. Thelighting elements first thread elements 40. To emit theartificial light 51 thelighting elements first thread element 30 possesses a circuit mean 34 to be electrically conductive. The circuit mean 34 in the shown embodiment is a surface layer, covering aninner surface 32 of thefirst thread element 30. The circuit mean 34 may comprise a metal such as aluminum, silver, chromium or tin, which possess a small electrical resistance. To prevent a short circuit thesecond thread element 40 is made of an insulating material like a polymer or a ceramic. -
FIG. 4 illustrates a circuit diagram for theshading device 10. A negativeelectrical voltage 71 is attached to two parallelfirst thread elements thread elements macroscopic width 23, a coarse meshed textile is formed so that no direct contact between the twofirst thread elements first thread elements lighting elements first thread element lighting elements artificial light 51, illuminating theplants 80. To connect thelighting elements first thread elements first thread elements lighting elements plant 80 depends mainly on the amount of light possessing a wavelength within the absorption spectra of Chlorophyll A and B. Therefore, it may be appropriate to change and/or adjust the amount of artificial light 51 emitted within one of the named wavelength bands. In the shown embodiment fourlighting elements 50′ and twolighting elements 50 are arranged on theshading device 10. Depending on the type ofplant 80 it may be appropriate to change the number and/or type oflighting elements - To drive the
lighting elements electrical voltage 71′. To prevent a short circuit from occurring, an insulatingfirst thread element 35 is positioned between the twofirst thread elements - To increase the efficiency of the
shading device 10 not only theouter side 21 but also theinner side 22 of theshading element 20 may possess the ability to reflect anambient light 60. To achieve this aim theinner surface 32 of thefirst thread element reflective mean 33. Thus,artificial light 51 emitted by the lightedelement inner surface 32. Also ambient light 60 reflected from theplants 80 may again be reflected from theshading device 10. Altogether this increases the efficiency of theshading device 10 and decreases the need ofartificial light 51. Furthermore, aninner surface 42 of thesecond thread element 40 may be covered with a reflective mean 33 to enhance the amount of the reflectedambient light 60. - The
shading device 10 shown inFIG. 4 comprises afirst thread element inner surface 32, which is covered by a surface forming the reflective mean 33 as well as the circuit mean 34. Therefore, the both two named means are one-piece. This can be achieved if a metal layer is deposited onto theinner surface 32. Such metal layer can on the one hand conduct the needed electrical current and on the other hand reflect anambient light 60. -
- 10 shading device
- 15 greenhouse
- 16 flower bed
- 20 shading element
- 21 outer side
- 22 inner side
- 23 width of first respectively second thread element
- 30, 30′ first thread element
- 31 outer surface of first thread element
- 32 inner surface of first thread element
- 33 reflective mean
- 34 circuit mean
- 35 insulating first thread element
- 40 second thread element
- 41 outer surface of second thread element
- 42 inner surface of second thread element
- 50,50′ lighting element
- 51 artificial light
- 52 contact bridges
- 60 ambient light
- 71, 71′ electrical voltage
- 80 plant
- 90 lamp
- 91 synthetic light
Claims (16)
1. A shading device for a greenhouse, comprising:
a shading element having an outer side and an inner side, the shading element comprising interwoven electrically conductive first thread elements and electrically insulating second thread elements, wherein the electrically conductive first thread elements include a reflective layer for reflecting an ambient light, and wherein the electrically insulating second thread elements also include a reflective layer for reflecting an ambient light; and
at least one lighting element, each said lighting element being disposed at the inner side of the shading element and being connected with at least two of the first thread elements,
wherein each lighting element is driven by an electrical current, conducted by the first thread elements, resulting in the emission of an artificial light, illuminating a plant growing in the greenhouse.
2. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the first thread element consists of a reflective material.
3. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive first thread elements and the electrically insulating second thread each comprise an outer surface and an inner surface, being part of the outer side and the inner side of the shading element, respectively.
4. The shading device according to claim 3 , wherein the reflective mean is positioned on the inner surface, reflecting the ambient light, falling onto the inner side of the shading element.
5. The shading device of claim 3 , wherein the reflective layer is disposed at the outer surface of the electrically conductive first thread elements for reflecting the ambient light falling onto the outer side of the shading element.
6. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein each said lighting element is at least one of the following: an LED, an OLED, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) lamp, a gas discharge lamp, a high intensity discharge lamp, an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp or a high pressure sodium lamp.
8. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the electrically conductive first thread elements comprise at least one of the following materials: aluminum, copper, zinc, tin, iron, silver, ITO, chromium or magnesium.
9. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the electrically insulating second thread elements comprise at least one of the following materials: a plastic, a polymer, glass, ceramic or mica.
10. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the electrically conductive first thread elements and the electrically insulating second thread comprises a multilayer structure.
11. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein an amount of an artificial light emitted by the at least one lighting element is adjusted in response to an amount of an ambient light in order to achieve a constant illumination of the plants during day time;
and the amount of artificial light emitted by the at least one lighting element is adjusted at night to a higher amount compared to the amount of the artificial light during day time.
12. The shading device of claim 11 , wherein the amount of artificial light is adjusted at night to equal the total amount of ambient light and artificial light during day time.
13. The shading device of claim 3 , wherein the reflective layer is provided at the inner surfaces of the electrically conductive first thread elements for reflecting the ambient light falling onto the inner side of the shading element.
14. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one lighting element comprises:
a first lighting element for emitting blue light; and
a second lighting element for emitting red light.
15. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one lighting element comprises:
a first lighting element for emitting light having a first wavelength in a first range of wavelengths; and
a second lighting element for emitting light having a second wavelength in a second range of wavelengths,
wherein the first range of wavelengths is from 400 to 500 nm, and the second range of wavelengths is from 600 to 700 nm.
16. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one lighting element comprises:
a first lighting element for emitting first light which is from 80-90% red light, with a remainder being blue light.
17. The shading device of claim 1 , wherein the electrically insulating second thread elements each comprise at least one of ceramic and mica.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/480,542 US20170208753A1 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2017-04-06 | Shading device |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP07108178.0 | 2007-05-14 | ||
EP07108178 | 2007-05-14 | ||
PCT/IB2008/051787 WO2008139376A1 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-05-07 | Shading device |
US12/599,341 US9642316B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-05-07 | Shading device |
US15/480,542 US20170208753A1 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2017-04-06 | Shading device |
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US11/599,341 Division US7357485B2 (en) | 2000-05-24 | 2006-11-15 | Inkjet printhead having row of nozzle actuators interleaved with nozzles of adjacent row |
PCT/IB2008/051787 Division WO2008139376A1 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-05-07 | Shading device |
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US20170208753A1 true US20170208753A1 (en) | 2017-07-27 |
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US13/926,198 Expired - Fee Related US9769992B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2013-06-25 | Lighting device |
US15/480,542 Abandoned US20170208753A1 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2017-04-06 | Shading device |
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US12/599,341 Expired - Fee Related US9642316B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2008-05-07 | Shading device |
US13/926,198 Expired - Fee Related US9769992B2 (en) | 2007-05-14 | 2013-06-25 | Lighting device |
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EP (1) | EP2154945B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4975865B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101677513B (en) |
TW (1) | TW200932099A (en) |
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CN101677513B (en) | 2012-06-27 |
US20110088314A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
US9642316B2 (en) | 2017-05-09 |
US9769992B2 (en) | 2017-09-26 |
WO2008139376A8 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
WO2008139376A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 |
JP2010526552A (en) | 2010-08-05 |
EP2154945A1 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
CN101677513A (en) | 2010-03-24 |
TW200932099A (en) | 2009-08-01 |
EP2154945B1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
US20130286628A1 (en) | 2013-10-31 |
JP4975865B2 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
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