US20170148669A1 - Method, apparatus, and system for mol interconnects without titanium liner - Google Patents
Method, apparatus, and system for mol interconnects without titanium liner Download PDFInfo
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- US20170148669A1 US20170148669A1 US14/948,214 US201514948214A US2017148669A1 US 20170148669 A1 US20170148669 A1 US 20170148669A1 US 201514948214 A US201514948214 A US 201514948214A US 2017148669 A1 US2017148669 A1 US 2017148669A1
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- metal component
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 9
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003658 tungsten compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005247 gettering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical group [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 tungsten nitride Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to the manufacture of sophisticated semiconductor devices, and, more specifically, to various methods, structures, and systems for preparing MOL interconnects without titanium liners in semiconductor devices.
- the manufacture of semiconductor devices requires a number of discrete process steps to create a packaged semiconductor device from raw semiconductor material.
- the various processes from the initial growth of the semiconductor material, the slicing of the semiconductor crystal into individual wafers, the fabrication stages (etching, doping, ion implanting, or the like), to the packaging and final testing of the completed device, are so different from one another and specialized that the processes may be performed in different manufacturing locations that contain different control schemes.
- a set of processing steps is performed on a group of semiconductor wafers, sometimes referred to as a lot, using semiconductor-manufacturing tools, such as exposure tool or a stepper.
- semiconductor-manufacturing tools such as exposure tool or a stepper.
- an etch process may be performed on the semiconductor wafers to shape objects on the semiconductor wafer, such as polysilicon lines, each of which may function as a gate electrode for a transistor.
- a plurality of metal lines e.g., aluminum or copper, may be formed that serve as conductive lines that connect one conductive region on the semiconductor wafer to another. In this manner, integrated circuit chips may be fabricated.
- Known for fabricating today's semiconductor devices are layers of elemental titanium disposed on a first metal component. As shown in FIG. 1 (prior art), upon deposition of a barrier material 162 and a second metal component 160 on the titanium layer, the titanium layer undergoes oxygen gettering, forming titanium oxide 152 .
- titanium oxide 152 increases the contact resistance to the first metal component 150 /titanium oxide 152 /second metal component 160 structure.
- oxygen gettering of titanium leads to the formation of voids 166 in the second metal component 160 due to the overhang of the titanium metal. Both these outcomes impair performance of semiconductor device 100 .
- the present disclosure may address and/or at least reduce one or more of the problems identified above regarding the prior art and/or provide one or more of the desirable features listed above.
- the present disclosure is directed to a semiconductor device, comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer, wherein the ILD comprises a trench and a bottom of the trench comprises at least a portion of the top of the first metal component; a barrier material disposed on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench; and a second metal component disposed in the trench.
- ILD interlayer dielectric
- the present disclosure is also directed to various methods, apparatus, and systems for fabricating such a semiconductor device.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device known in the prior art
- FIG. 2A illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device after a first stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 2B illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIG. 2A after a second stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 2C illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIGS. 2A-2B after a third stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 2D illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIGS. 2A-2C after a fourth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 2E illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIGS. 2A-2D after a fifth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 3A illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device after a first stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 3B illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIG. 3A after a second stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 3C illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIGS. 3A-3B after a third stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 3D illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIGS. 3A-3C after a fourth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 3E illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device of FIGS. 3A-3D after a fifth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 4 illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein;
- FIG. 5 illustrates a semiconductor device manufacturing system for manufacturing a device in accordance with embodiments herein.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with embodiments herein.
- Embodiments herein provide for semiconductor devices fabricated without titanium layers between first and second metal components. Such devices have lower resistance and reduced voiding relative to prior art semiconductor devices fabricated with titanium between first and second metal components.
- a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein may comprise a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer, wherein the ILD comprises a trench and a bottom of the trench comprises at least a portion of the top of the first metal component; a barrier material disposed on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench; and a second metal component disposed in the trench.
- ILD interlayer dielectric
- the semiconductor substrate may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as a semiconductor substrate in a semiconductor device.
- the semiconductor substrate may comprise silicon, silicon-germanium, or silicon-on-insulator (SOI), among others known in the art.
- SOI silicon-on-insulator
- the semiconductor substrate may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- the oxide layer may comprise may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as an oxide layer in a semiconductor device.
- the oxide layer may comprise silicon oxide.
- the oxide layer may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- the first metal component may be any conductive component within a semiconductor device.
- the first metal component may be a component of a gate structure of a transistor of the semiconductor device, such as an uppermost component of such a gate.
- the gate may be formed on the semiconductor substrate.
- the first metal component may be a contact, such as a contact with a source/drain region of a transistor of the semiconductor device, such as a source/drain region disposed in the semiconductor substrate proximate the gate.
- the first metal component may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be conductive.
- the first metal component may comprise tungsten.
- the first metal component, as well as a transistor or other structure of which the first metal component is a component may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- the ILD may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as an interlayer dielectric in a semiconductor device.
- the ILD may comprise silicon nitride.
- the ILD may be fabricated by any technique (such as atomic layer deposition (ALD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), etc.) known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- the trench within the ILD may be formed by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art. The trench may also extend into the oxide layer, if desired. Regardless how the trench is formed, the bottom of the trench comprises at least a portion of the top of the first metal component.
- the barrier material disposed on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as a barrier material in a semiconductor device.
- the barrier material may comprise tungsten nitride, titanium nitride, tungsten carbide, or tantalum nitride, among other barrier materials known in the art.
- the barrier material may be deposited on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench by any technique (ALD, CVD etc.) known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- the second metal component may be any conductive component within a semiconductor device.
- the second metal component may be a contact, such as a via passing vertically through the ILD.
- the second metal component may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be conductive.
- the second metal component may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- the semiconductor device may comprise a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate and under the oxide layer.
- the nitride layer may be disposed on the gate as well.
- the nitride layer may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable in a nitride layer in a semiconductor device.
- the nitride layer may comprise silicon and nitrogen.
- the nitride layer may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- FIGS. 2A-2E The formation of a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein is presented in FIGS. 2A-2E .
- a stylized depiction of a semiconductor device 200 is provided, comprising a semiconductor substrate 210 , an oxide layer 220 , and an ILD 230 .
- the semiconductor device 200 also comprises a gate 240 , comprising a tungsten layer 242 , a WFM 244 , and a high-K material 246 .
- Proximate the gate 240 are source/drain structures 252 , comprising an epitaxial silicon region 256 and a silicide region 254 .
- Disposed on the source/drain structures 252 are first metal components 250 , comprising tungsten.
- a nitride layer 248 is disposed over the gate 240 and substrate 210 .
- FIG. 2B presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 200 after a reactive ion etch (RIE) is performed.
- RIE reactive ion etch
- the RIE forms trenches 232 in the ILD 230 and interacts with tungsten in the uppermost portion of first metal components 250 , to form resistive tungsten-based material 258 .
- the resistive tungsten-based material 258 forms immediately after the first contact 250 is exposed to air, whereby tungsten reacts with the oxygen in air and forms tungsten oxide (WOx).
- More WOx and other resistive tungsten compounds may form in the reissitve tungsten-based material 258 by interactions between tungsten and the RIE chemistries, which may include one or more of oxygen-, nitrogen-, fluorine-, and carbon-based gases. Furthermore, after RIE, if the device is exposed to air or other oxygenated ambient before subsequent processing steps, more tungsten oxide and other resistive tungsten compounds, which may include compounds of tungsten with carbon, fluorine, etc., may form.
- FIG. 2C presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 200 after a chemical etch is performed.
- the chemical etch is selective to ILD 230 and removes at least some resistive tungsten-based material 258 , thereby exposing first metal components 250 .
- the chemical etch comprises an NF 3 plasma.
- FIG. 2D presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 200 after a barrier material 264 has been deposited on the sidewalls and bottoms of trenches 232 after the chemical etch in-situ. Desirably, no air break is permitted between the chemical etch and the barrier deposition; in other words, depositing the barrier material is desirably performed such that air or oxygenated ambient does not contact the top surface of the first metal component after performing the chemical etch selective to the ILD.
- the barrier material 264 is in contact with first metal components 250 .
- FIG. 2E presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 200 after second metal component 260 has been deposited in trenches 232 .
- the second metal component 260 may undergo planarization relative to the top of the ILD 230 , if desired.
- the second metal component 260 is generally free of voids, relative to the metal component 160 of prior art semiconductor device 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIGS. 3A-3E The formation of another semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein is presented in FIGS. 3A-3E .
- a stylized depiction of a semiconductor device 300 is provided, comprising a semiconductor substrate 310 , an oxide layer 320 , and an ILD 330 .
- the semiconductor device 300 also comprises a gate 340 , comprising a tungsten layer 342 , a WFM 344 , and a high-K material 346 .
- the semiconductor device 300 may also comprise source/drain structures (omitted for brevity) proximate the gate 340 .
- a nitride layer 348 is disposed over the gate 340 and substrate 310 .
- FIG. 3B presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 300 after a reactive ion etch (RIE) is performed.
- the RIE forms trenches 332 in the ILD 330 , oxide layer 320 , and nitride layer 348 , and interacts with tungsten in the uppermost portion of tungsten layer 342 , to form resistive tungsten-based material 358 .
- the formation mechanisms of resistive tungsten-based material 358 and the types of tungsten compounds typically found in the resistive tungsten-based material 358 are as discussed above regarding resistive tungsten-based material 258 in the context of FIGS. 2A-2E .
- FIG. 3C presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 300 after a chemical etch is performed.
- the chemical etch is selective to ILD 330 , oxide layer 320 , and nitride layer 348 , and removes at least some resistive tungsten-based material 358 , thereby exposing tungsten layer 342 .
- the chemical etch comprises an NF 3 plasma.
- FIG. 3D presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 300 after a barrier material 364 has been deposited on the sidewalls and bottoms of trench 332 . Desirably, no air break is permitted between the chemical etch and the barrier deposition.
- the barrier material 364 is in contact with tungsten layer 342 .
- FIG. 3E presents a stylized depiction of the semiconductor device 300 after second metal component 360 has been deposited in trenches 332 and polished via chemical mechanical planarization.
- the second metal component 360 is generally free of voids, relative to the metal component 160 of prior art semiconductor device 100 shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 presents a stylized depiction of a semiconductor device 400 in accordance with embodiments herein.
- the semiconductor device 400 comprises a semiconductor substrate 410 , an oxide layer 220 , a nitride layer 448 , and an ILD 430 .
- the semiconductor device 400 also comprises a gate 440 , comprising a tungsten layer 442 , a WFM 444 , and a high-K material 446 .
- Proximate the gate 440 are source/drain structures 452 , comprising an epitaxial silicon region 456 and a silicide region 454 .
- Disposed on the source/drain structures 452 are first metal components 450 , comprising tungsten.
- Second metal component 460 is free of voids, relative to the metal component 160 of prior art semiconductor device 100 shown in FIG. 1 . Also, in a 7 nm fabrication process, resistance through structures 450 , 462 , and 460 is about 10% less than resistance through structures 150 , 152 , 162 , and 160 of the prior art semiconductor device shown in FIG. 1 .
- the system 500 of FIG. 5 may comprise a semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 and a process controller 520 .
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may manufacture semiconductor devices based upon one or more instruction sets provided by the process controller 520 .
- the instruction set may comprise instructions wherein the instruction set comprises instructions to provide a device stack comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer; a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer; perform a reactive ion etch to form at least one trench in at least the ILD, whereby at least a portion of a top surface of the first metal component is converted to resistive tungsten-based material; perform a chemical etch selective to the ILD to remove at least a portion of the resistive tungsten—based material and expose at least a portion of the top surface of the first metal component; deposit a barrier material on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench; and deposit a second metal in the trench.
- ILD interlayer dielectric
- the device stack may further comprise a gate on the semiconductor substrate and a source/drain region disposed in the semiconductor substrate proximate the gate, and the first metal component is on the source/drain region.
- the device stack may further comprise a gate on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the first metal component is an uppermost metal layer of the gate.
- the device stack may further comprise a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate, under the oxide layer, and on the gate, if any.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may be configured to perform the chemical etch by performing a plasma NF 3 etch.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may also be configured to planarize the second metal.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may comprise various processing stations, such as etch process stations, photolithography process stations, CMP process stations, etc. One or more of the processing steps performed by the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may be controlled by the process controller 520 .
- the process controller 520 may be a workstation computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or any other type of computing device comprising one or more software products that are capable of controlling processes, receiving process feedback, receiving test results data, performing learning cycle adjustments, performing process adjustments, etc.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may produce semiconductor devices 200 (e.g., integrated circuits) on a medium, such as silicon wafers.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may provide processed semiconductor devices 200 on a transport mechanism 550 , such as a conveyor system.
- the conveyor system may be sophisticated clean room transport systems that are capable of transporting semiconductor wafers.
- the semiconductor device manufacturing system 510 may comprise a plurality of processing steps, e.g., the 1 st process step, the 2 nd process step, etc.
- the items labeled “ 200 ” may represent individual wafers, and in other embodiments, the items 200 may represent a group of semiconductor wafers, e.g., a “lot” of semiconductor wafers.
- the semiconductor device 200 may comprise one or more of a transistor, a capacitor, a resistor, a memory cell, a processor, and/or the like. In one embodiment, the semiconductor device 200 comprises a middle of line (MOL) stack.
- MOL middle of line
- the system 500 may be capable of manufacturing various products involving various technologies.
- the system 500 may produce devices of CMOS technology, Flash technology, BiCMOS technology, power devices, memory devices (e.g., DRAM devices), NAND memory devices, and/or various other semiconductor technologies.
- the method 600 comprises providing (at 610 ) a device stack comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer; and a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer.
- a device stack comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer; and a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer.
- ILD interlayer dielectric
- the device stack further comprises a gate on the semiconductor substrate and a source/drain region disposed in the semiconductor substrate proximate the gate, and the first metal component is on the source/drain region.
- the device stack may further comprise a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate, on the gate, and under the oxide layer.
- the device stack further comprises a gate on the semiconductor substrate, and the first metal component is an uppermost metal layer of the gate.
- the device stack may further comprise further comprises a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate, on the gate, and under the oxide layer.
- the method 600 also comprises performing (at 620 ) a reactive ion etch to form at least one trench in at least the ILD, whereby at least a portion of a top surface of the first metal component is converted to resistive tungsten-based material.
- the method 600 also comprises performing (at 630 ) a chemical etch selective to the ILD to remove at least a portion of the resistive tungsten-based material and expose at least a portion of the top surface of the first metal component.
- the chemical etch comprises a plasma NF 3 etch.
- the method 600 also comprises depositing (at 640 ) a barrier material on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench.
- the method 600 also comprises depositing (at 650 ) a second metal in the trench.
- the method 600 may further comprise planarizing (at 660 ) the second metal.
- the methods described above may be governed by instructions that are stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and that are executed by, e.g., a processor in a computing device.
- Each of the operations described herein may correspond to instructions stored in a non-transitory computer memory or computer readable storage medium.
- the non-transitory computer readable storage medium includes a magnetic or optical disk storage device, solid state storage devices such as flash memory, or other non-volatile memory device or devices.
- the computer readable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be in source code, assembly language code, object code, or other instruction format that is interpreted and/or executable by one or more processors.
Abstract
Description
- Field of the Invention
- Generally, the present disclosure relates to the manufacture of sophisticated semiconductor devices, and, more specifically, to various methods, structures, and systems for preparing MOL interconnects without titanium liners in semiconductor devices.
- Description of the Related Art
- The manufacture of semiconductor devices requires a number of discrete process steps to create a packaged semiconductor device from raw semiconductor material. The various processes, from the initial growth of the semiconductor material, the slicing of the semiconductor crystal into individual wafers, the fabrication stages (etching, doping, ion implanting, or the like), to the packaging and final testing of the completed device, are so different from one another and specialized that the processes may be performed in different manufacturing locations that contain different control schemes.
- Generally, a set of processing steps is performed on a group of semiconductor wafers, sometimes referred to as a lot, using semiconductor-manufacturing tools, such as exposure tool or a stepper. As an example, an etch process may be performed on the semiconductor wafers to shape objects on the semiconductor wafer, such as polysilicon lines, each of which may function as a gate electrode for a transistor. As another example, a plurality of metal lines, e.g., aluminum or copper, may be formed that serve as conductive lines that connect one conductive region on the semiconductor wafer to another. In this manner, integrated circuit chips may be fabricated.
- Known for fabricating today's semiconductor devices are layers of elemental titanium disposed on a first metal component. As shown in
FIG. 1 (prior art), upon deposition of abarrier material 162 and asecond metal component 160 on the titanium layer, the titanium layer undergoes oxygen gettering, formingtitanium oxide 152. - Unfortunately, the presence of
titanium oxide 152 between thefirst metal component 150 and thesecond metal component 160 leads to a number of undesirable outcomes. For one,titanium oxide 152 increases the contact resistance to thefirst metal component 150/titanium oxide 152/second metal component 160 structure. For another, oxygen gettering of titanium leads to the formation ofvoids 166 in thesecond metal component 160 due to the overhang of the titanium metal. Both these outcomes impair performance ofsemiconductor device 100. - Therefore, it would be desirable to have a process for forming a semiconductor device comprising a first metal component and a second metal component with lower resistance and reduced void formation, relative to prior art devices, such as that shown in
FIG. 1 . - The present disclosure may address and/or at least reduce one or more of the problems identified above regarding the prior art and/or provide one or more of the desirable features listed above.
- The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary is not an exhaustive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is discussed later.
- Generally, the present disclosure is directed to a semiconductor device, comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer, wherein the ILD comprises a trench and a bottom of the trench comprises at least a portion of the top of the first metal component; a barrier material disposed on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench; and a second metal component disposed in the trench. The present disclosure is also directed to various methods, apparatus, and systems for fabricating such a semiconductor device.
- The disclosure may be understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals identify like elements, and in which:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device known in the prior art; -
FIG. 2A illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device after a first stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 2B illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIG. 2A after a second stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 2C illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIGS. 2A-2B after a third stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 2D illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIGS. 2A-2C after a fourth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 2E illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIGS. 2A-2D after a fifth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 3A illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device after a first stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 3B illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIG. 3A after a second stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 3C illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIGS. 3A-3B after a third stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 3D illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIGS. 3A-3C after a fourth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 3E illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of the semiconductor device ofFIGS. 3A-3D after a fifth stage of processing in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 4 illustrates a stylized cross-sectional depiction of a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein; -
FIG. 5 illustrates a semiconductor device manufacturing system for manufacturing a device in accordance with embodiments herein; and -
FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with embodiments herein. - While the subject matter disclosed herein is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
- Various illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.
- The present subject matter will now be described with reference to the attached figures. Various structures, systems and devices are schematically depicted in the drawings for purposes of explanation only and so as to not obscure the present disclosure with details that are well known to those skilled in the art. Nevertheless, the attached drawings are included to describe and explain illustrative examples of the present disclosure. The words and phrases used herein should be understood and interpreted to have a meaning consistent with the understanding of those words and phrases by those skilled in the relevant art. No special definition of a term or phrase, i.e., a definition that is different from the ordinary and customary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art, is intended to be implied by consistent usage of the term or phrase herein. To the extent that a term or phrase is intended to have a special meaning, i.e., a meaning other than that understood by skilled artisans, such a special definition will be expressly set forth in the specification in a definitional manner that directly and unequivocally provides the special definition for the term or phrase.
- Embodiments herein provide for semiconductor devices fabricated without titanium layers between first and second metal components. Such devices have lower resistance and reduced voiding relative to prior art semiconductor devices fabricated with titanium between first and second metal components.
- A semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein may comprise a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer, wherein the ILD comprises a trench and a bottom of the trench comprises at least a portion of the top of the first metal component; a barrier material disposed on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench; and a second metal component disposed in the trench.
- The semiconductor substrate may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as a semiconductor substrate in a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the semiconductor substrate may comprise silicon, silicon-germanium, or silicon-on-insulator (SOI), among others known in the art. The semiconductor substrate may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- The oxide layer may comprise may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as an oxide layer in a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the oxide layer may comprise silicon oxide. The oxide layer may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- The first metal component may be any conductive component within a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the first metal component may be a component of a gate structure of a transistor of the semiconductor device, such as an uppermost component of such a gate. In one embodiment, the gate may be formed on the semiconductor substrate. In one embodiment, the first metal component may be a contact, such as a contact with a source/drain region of a transistor of the semiconductor device, such as a source/drain region disposed in the semiconductor substrate proximate the gate. The first metal component may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be conductive. In one embodiment, the first metal component may comprise tungsten. The first metal component, as well as a transistor or other structure of which the first metal component is a component, may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- The ILD may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as an interlayer dielectric in a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the ILD may comprise silicon nitride. The ILD may be fabricated by any technique (such as atomic layer deposition (ALD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), etc.) known to the person of ordinary skill in the art. Further, the trench within the ILD may be formed by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art. The trench may also extend into the oxide layer, if desired. Regardless how the trench is formed, the bottom of the trench comprises at least a portion of the top of the first metal component.
- The barrier material disposed on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable as a barrier material in a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the barrier material may comprise tungsten nitride, titanium nitride, tungsten carbide, or tantalum nitride, among other barrier materials known in the art. The barrier material may be deposited on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench by any technique (ALD, CVD etc.) known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- Similarly, to the first metal component, the second metal component may be any conductive component within a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the second metal component may be a contact, such as a via passing vertically through the ILD. The second metal component may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be conductive. The second metal component may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- In one embodiment, the semiconductor device may comprise a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate and under the oxide layer. In embodiments wherein the semiconductor device comprises a gate, the nitride layer may be disposed on the gate as well. The nitride layer may comprise any material known to the person of ordinary skill in the art to be usable in a nitride layer in a semiconductor device. In one embodiment, the nitride layer may comprise silicon and nitrogen. The nitride layer may be fabricated by any technique known to the person of ordinary skill in the art.
- The formation of a semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein is presented in
FIGS. 2A-2E . Turning toFIG. 2A , a stylized depiction of asemiconductor device 200 is provided, comprising asemiconductor substrate 210, anoxide layer 220, and anILD 230. Thesemiconductor device 200 also comprises agate 240, comprising atungsten layer 242, aWFM 244, and a high-K material 246. Proximate thegate 240 are source/drain structures 252, comprising anepitaxial silicon region 256 and asilicide region 254. Disposed on the source/drain structures 252 arefirst metal components 250, comprising tungsten. Anitride layer 248 is disposed over thegate 240 andsubstrate 210. -
FIG. 2B presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 200 after a reactive ion etch (RIE) is performed. (For brevity, routine steps of optical lithography, patterning and masking theILD 230 are omitted). The RIE formstrenches 232 in theILD 230 and interacts with tungsten in the uppermost portion offirst metal components 250, to form resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 258. The resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 258 forms immediately after thefirst contact 250 is exposed to air, whereby tungsten reacts with the oxygen in air and forms tungsten oxide (WOx). More WOx and other resistive tungsten compounds may form in the reissitve tungsten-basedmaterial 258 by interactions between tungsten and the RIE chemistries, which may include one or more of oxygen-, nitrogen-, fluorine-, and carbon-based gases. Furthermore, after RIE, if the device is exposed to air or other oxygenated ambient before subsequent processing steps, more tungsten oxide and other resistive tungsten compounds, which may include compounds of tungsten with carbon, fluorine, etc., may form. -
FIG. 2C presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 200 after a chemical etch is performed. The chemical etch is selective toILD 230 and removes at least some resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 258, thereby exposingfirst metal components 250. In one embodiment, the chemical etch comprises an NF3 plasma. -
FIG. 2D presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 200 after abarrier material 264 has been deposited on the sidewalls and bottoms oftrenches 232 after the chemical etch in-situ. Desirably, no air break is permitted between the chemical etch and the barrier deposition; in other words, depositing the barrier material is desirably performed such that air or oxygenated ambient does not contact the top surface of the first metal component after performing the chemical etch selective to the ILD. Thebarrier material 264 is in contact withfirst metal components 250. -
FIG. 2E presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 200 aftersecond metal component 260 has been deposited intrenches 232. Thesecond metal component 260 may undergo planarization relative to the top of theILD 230, if desired. Thesecond metal component 260 is generally free of voids, relative to themetal component 160 of priorart semiconductor device 100 shown inFIG. 1 . - The formation of another semiconductor device in accordance with embodiments herein is presented in
FIGS. 3A-3E . Turning toFIG. 3A , a stylized depiction of asemiconductor device 300 is provided, comprising asemiconductor substrate 310, anoxide layer 320, and anILD 330. Thesemiconductor device 300 also comprises agate 340, comprising atungsten layer 342, aWFM 344, and a high-K material 346. Thesemiconductor device 300 may also comprise source/drain structures (omitted for brevity) proximate thegate 340. Anitride layer 348 is disposed over thegate 340 andsubstrate 310. -
FIG. 3B presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 300 after a reactive ion etch (RIE) is performed. The RIE formstrenches 332 in theILD 330,oxide layer 320, andnitride layer 348, and interacts with tungsten in the uppermost portion oftungsten layer 342, to form resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 358. The formation mechanisms of resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 358 and the types of tungsten compounds typically found in the resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 358 are as discussed above regarding resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 258 in the context ofFIGS. 2A-2E . -
FIG. 3C presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 300 after a chemical etch is performed. The chemical etch is selective toILD 330,oxide layer 320, andnitride layer 348, and removes at least some resistive tungsten-basedmaterial 358, thereby exposingtungsten layer 342. In one embodiment, the chemical etch comprises an NF3 plasma. -
FIG. 3D presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 300 after abarrier material 364 has been deposited on the sidewalls and bottoms oftrench 332. Desirably, no air break is permitted between the chemical etch and the barrier deposition. Thebarrier material 364 is in contact withtungsten layer 342. -
FIG. 3E presents a stylized depiction of thesemiconductor device 300 aftersecond metal component 360 has been deposited intrenches 332 and polished via chemical mechanical planarization. Thesecond metal component 360 is generally free of voids, relative to themetal component 160 of priorart semiconductor device 100 shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 4 presents a stylized depiction of asemiconductor device 400 in accordance with embodiments herein. Thesemiconductor device 400 comprises asemiconductor substrate 410, anoxide layer 220, anitride layer 448, and anILD 430. Thesemiconductor device 400 also comprises agate 440, comprising atungsten layer 442, aWFM 444, and a high-K material 446. Proximate thegate 440 are source/drain structures 452, comprising anepitaxial silicon region 456 and asilicide region 454. Disposed on the source/drain structures 452 arefirst metal components 450, comprising tungsten. Disposed within theILD 430 arebarrier material 462 andsecond metal component 460.Second metal component 460 is free of voids, relative to themetal component 160 of priorart semiconductor device 100 shown inFIG. 1 . Also, in a 7 nm fabrication process, resistance throughstructures structures FIG. 1 . - Turning now to
FIG. 5 , a stylized depiction of a system for fabricating asemiconductor device 100, in accordance with embodiments herein, is illustrated. Thesystem 500 ofFIG. 5 may comprise a semiconductordevice manufacturing system 510 and aprocess controller 520. The semiconductordevice manufacturing system 510 may manufacture semiconductor devices based upon one or more instruction sets provided by theprocess controller 520. In one embodiment, wherein the instruction set may comprise instructions wherein the instruction set comprises instructions to provide a device stack comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer; a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer; perform a reactive ion etch to form at least one trench in at least the ILD, whereby at least a portion of a top surface of the first metal component is converted to resistive tungsten-based material; perform a chemical etch selective to the ILD to remove at least a portion of the resistive tungsten—based material and expose at least a portion of the top surface of the first metal component; deposit a barrier material on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench; and deposit a second metal in the trench. - The device stack may further comprise a gate on the semiconductor substrate and a source/drain region disposed in the semiconductor substrate proximate the gate, and the first metal component is on the source/drain region. Alternatively or in addition, the device stack may further comprise a gate on the semiconductor substrate, wherein the first metal component is an uppermost metal layer of the gate. In any embodiment, the device stack may further comprise a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate, under the oxide layer, and on the gate, if any.
- In one embodiment, the semiconductor
device manufacturing system 510 may be configured to perform the chemical etch by performing a plasma NF3 etch. The semiconductordevice manufacturing system 510 may also be configured to planarize the second metal. - The semiconductor
device manufacturing system 510 may comprise various processing stations, such as etch process stations, photolithography process stations, CMP process stations, etc. One or more of the processing steps performed by the semiconductordevice manufacturing system 510 may be controlled by theprocess controller 520. Theprocess controller 520 may be a workstation computer, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, or any other type of computing device comprising one or more software products that are capable of controlling processes, receiving process feedback, receiving test results data, performing learning cycle adjustments, performing process adjustments, etc. - The semiconductor
device manufacturing system 510 may produce semiconductor devices 200 (e.g., integrated circuits) on a medium, such as silicon wafers. The semiconductordevice manufacturing system 510 may provide processedsemiconductor devices 200 on atransport mechanism 550, such as a conveyor system. In some embodiments, the conveyor system may be sophisticated clean room transport systems that are capable of transporting semiconductor wafers. In one embodiment, the semiconductordevice manufacturing system 510 may comprise a plurality of processing steps, e.g., the 1st process step, the 2nd process step, etc. - In some embodiments, the items labeled “200” may represent individual wafers, and in other embodiments, the
items 200 may represent a group of semiconductor wafers, e.g., a “lot” of semiconductor wafers. Thesemiconductor device 200 may comprise one or more of a transistor, a capacitor, a resistor, a memory cell, a processor, and/or the like. In one embodiment, thesemiconductor device 200 comprises a middle of line (MOL) stack. - The
system 500 may be capable of manufacturing various products involving various technologies. For example, thesystem 500 may produce devices of CMOS technology, Flash technology, BiCMOS technology, power devices, memory devices (e.g., DRAM devices), NAND memory devices, and/or various other semiconductor technologies. - Turning to
FIG. 6 , a flowchart of amethod 600 in accordance with embodiments herein is depicted. Themethod 600 comprises providing (at 610) a device stack comprising a semiconductor substrate; an oxide layer above the semiconductor substrate; an interlayer dielectric (ILD) above the oxide layer; and a first metal component comprising tungsten disposed within the oxide layer. - In one embodiment, the device stack further comprises a gate on the semiconductor substrate and a source/drain region disposed in the semiconductor substrate proximate the gate, and the first metal component is on the source/drain region. The device stack may further comprise a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate, on the gate, and under the oxide layer.
- In one embodiment, the device stack further comprises a gate on the semiconductor substrate, and the first metal component is an uppermost metal layer of the gate. The device stack may further comprise further comprises a nitride layer on the semiconductor substrate, on the gate, and under the oxide layer.
- The
method 600 also comprises performing (at 620) a reactive ion etch to form at least one trench in at least the ILD, whereby at least a portion of a top surface of the first metal component is converted to resistive tungsten-based material. Themethod 600 also comprises performing (at 630) a chemical etch selective to the ILD to remove at least a portion of the resistive tungsten-based material and expose at least a portion of the top surface of the first metal component. In one embodiment, the chemical etch comprises a plasma NF3 etch. - The
method 600 also comprises depositing (at 640) a barrier material on sidewalls and the bottom of the trench. Themethod 600 also comprises depositing (at 650) a second metal in the trench. - In one embodiment, the
method 600 may further comprise planarizing (at 660) the second metal. - The methods described above may be governed by instructions that are stored in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and that are executed by, e.g., a processor in a computing device. Each of the operations described herein may correspond to instructions stored in a non-transitory computer memory or computer readable storage medium. In various embodiments, the non-transitory computer readable storage medium includes a magnetic or optical disk storage device, solid state storage devices such as flash memory, or other non-volatile memory device or devices. The computer readable instructions stored on the non-transitory computer readable storage medium may be in source code, assembly language code, object code, or other instruction format that is interpreted and/or executable by one or more processors.
- The particular embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the invention may be modified and practiced in different but equivalent manners apparent to those skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachings herein. For example, the process steps set forth above may be performed in a different order. Furthermore, no limitations are intended to the details of construction or design herein shown, other than as described in the claims below. It is, therefore, evident that the particular embodiments disclosed above may be altered or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope and spirit of the invention. Accordingly, the protection sought herein is as set forth in the claims below.
Claims (16)
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US14/948,214 US9679807B1 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2015-11-20 | Method, apparatus, and system for MOL interconnects without titanium liner |
TW105120487A TWI590382B (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2016-06-29 | Method, apparatus, and system for mol interconnects without titanium liner |
DE102016222390.9A DE102016222390A1 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2016-11-15 | Method, apparatus and system for MOL interconnects without titanium liners |
CN202110096317.XA CN112736032A (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2016-11-18 | Device for MOL interconnect without titanium liner |
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US15/589,829 US10026693B2 (en) | 2015-11-20 | 2017-05-08 | Method, apparatus, and system for MOL interconnects without titanium liner |
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US20170222008A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same |
US20200083249A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Toshiba Memory Corporation | Semiconductor device |
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US20020137356A1 (en) * | 2001-03-20 | 2002-09-26 | Huang Chi Tung | Metallization process of in-situ forming titanium nitride and tungsten nitride in tungsten plug |
US20050064629A1 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-24 | Chen-Hua Yu | Tungsten-copper interconnect and method for fabricating the same |
US20050245074A1 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2005-11-03 | Ping Jiang | In-situ etch-stop etch and ashing in association with damascene processing in forming semiconductor interconnect structures |
JP2006054251A (en) * | 2004-08-10 | 2006-02-23 | Toshiba Corp | Method for manufacturing semiconductor device |
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US7667220B2 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2010-02-23 | Macronix International Co., Ltd. | Multilevel-cell memory structures employing multi-memory with tungsten oxides and manufacturing method |
US7670497B2 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2010-03-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Oxidant and passivant composition and method for use in treating a microelectronic structure |
US8101456B2 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2012-01-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method to reduce a via area in a phase change memory cell |
JP2010171081A (en) * | 2009-01-20 | 2010-08-05 | Toshiba Corp | Semiconductor device and manufacturing method thereof |
DE102010063780A1 (en) * | 2010-12-21 | 2012-06-21 | Globalfoundries Dresden Module One Limited Liability Company & Co. Kg | Semiconductor device having a contact structure with a lower parasitic capacitance |
TWI490862B (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2015-07-01 | Macronix Int Co Ltd | Memory architecture of 3d array with improved uniformity of bit line capacitances |
US9252019B2 (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2016-02-02 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. | Semiconductor device and method for forming the same |
KR102021885B1 (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2019-09-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Semiconductor Device Having Metallic Resistor Structure |
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US20170222008A1 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2017-08-03 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same |
US10153351B2 (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2018-12-11 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same |
US10714586B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2020-07-14 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same |
US11569362B2 (en) | 2016-01-29 | 2023-01-31 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same |
US20200083249A1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-12 | Toshiba Memory Corporation | Semiconductor device |
US11139312B2 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2021-10-05 | Toshiba Memory Corporation | Semiconductor device |
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CN107046000B (en) | 2021-02-05 |
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US20170243823A1 (en) | 2017-08-24 |
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CN112736032A (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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