US20170138008A1

US20170138008A1 - Fish ladder facility

Info

Publication number: US20170138008A1
Application number: US14/944,730
Authority: US
Inventors: Zhen Yuan Chen
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-11-18
Filing date: 2015-11-18
Publication date: 2017-05-18

Abstract

Present invention comprises a separate bypass channel that is installed on one side of the dam connecting upstream and downstream; water supply for fish ladder which is installed upstream, spillway wall disposed downstream of dam and having groove, a first fish ladder facility which connects said water supply and the spillway wall and has a predetermined number of the partition wall with a passage opening respectively, which are structured in a stepwise manner The first even and facility are installed on the upstream side inlet of the bypass channel is configured; and a second fish ladder facility which comprises inclined channel installed for discharging water to the side of the dam, sloping and comb wall contiguous installed to alternately at predetermined intervals on both sides of the main wall of the inclined channel, and movement passage in the shape of pipe shape that connects upstream and downstream on the inner bottom of the dam, which is provided in the middle of said bypass channel.

Description

FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention is related with a fish ladder facility, in particular with fish ladder facility which can be installed in an existing dams, regardless of the size of the dam in the form to be bypassed in a river, even when the depth of the river is low because of dry season, the facility being provide a secure retention space and ease of movement is for homing instinct fishes as well as a solid structure designed to minimize resistance for permanent use, to provide people with watching a moving image of reentry fish and a learning site.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In general, agricultural water or drinking water and hydroelectric power to secure water resources by installing a concrete dam can be preserved in the dam and the dam produces electricity by installing a power plant. However, at the same time, the dam acts as a barrier to restrict the free movement of homing instinct fishes and have dysfunctional disadvantage of destroying the ecosystem.
Domestically in China, for spawning or growing, variety of fish species, such as dace, Leucopsarion petersii, lamprey(summer species) move back to the river on June, and on October, lamprey (winter species), salmon, red trout, sea smelt, crab move upstream along the river.
However, a dam installed on rivers to ensure water will interfere with these homing instinct fishes to a situation that is facings a serious problem that can have many rare species extinction due to the construction of a dam.
In order to the fishes to be able to move freely, a dam may have a fish ladder because of the above problems, to try to make a mobile environment in which fish can move freely upstream along the river.
In order to install the fish ladder in the existing dams, there are problems that are to be demolished and a new installation of dams with a huge budget and the period takes a lot. Even if they install a fish ladder facility in a dam, most of which adopt step-like structure, which is to lose the function according to the water flowing from the dam downstream in dry season. In rainy season, the flow rate is large; the young fishes have to swim against the fast flowing forces of falling water from the facility, thus it is difficult to swim away back to the upstream for the homing instinct fishes.
In addition, even if a proper quantity of water is maintained, there is a problem that the depth is very shallow, providing sufficient quantity of water and relaxation space required for the movement of homing instinct fishes is not possible and the fishes can be easily captured by birds and humans.
In addition, because the conventional fish ladder is constructed on the middle of the dam, in rainy season, when the homing fishes do not migrate at all, the function is recovered the proper quantity of water, however, when a couple of days pass, this function may be lost.
The present invention has been one made in view of the above problems, to install the bypass channel to the stream to be more economical than existing steeper dam suitable for high characteristics and location of the such open space next to the stream and an ecology superintendent, it is an object of the present invention to provide a very suitable facility where the effect is greatly required.
In addition, the object of the present invention is to provide bypass-stream channel type fish ladder facility for the dams to be newly established, as well as to the dams already installed in the easy way, in which, by the virtue of IT system, water can be automatically pumped up into the bypass, and the facility are maintained throughout in a certain level of water in four seasons. And, the homing instinct fishes can move freely, as well as the first and the second fish ladders to be installed at the entrance and in the middle, the bypass facility itself perform a security function for water in the upstream and in the downstream in the river.

SUMMARY

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a separate bypass channel that is installed on one side of the dam connecting upstream and downstream; water supply for fish ladder which is installed upstream, spillway wall disposed downstream of dam and having groove, a first fish ladder facility which connects said water supply and the spillway wall and has a predetermined number of the partition wall with a passage opening respectively, which are structured in a stepwise manner The first even and facility are installed on the upstream side inlet of the bypass channel is configured; and a second fish ladder facility which comprises inclined channel installed for discharging water to the side of the dam, sloping and comb wall contiguous installed to alternately at predetermined intervals on both sides of the main wall of the inclined channel, and movement passage in the shape of pipe shape that connects upstream, and downstream on the inner bottom of the dam, which is provided in the middle of said bypass channel.
Preferably, a pond with a pumping facility is provided in a least one side of the first fish ladder facility.
In addition, a water pressure buffer opening is provided between the spillway wall and the fish ladder of the first fish ladder facility.
Preferably, the first fish ladder facility has turning part in the fish ladder.
Preferably, a shelter in the form of pool is provided one passage side of the first fish ladder facility.
In addition, a shelter in the form of pool is provided the other passage side of the first fish ladder facility.
Preferably, the fish ladder facility further comprises a contoured shape of the groove formed in the groove in the inclined bottom surface of the second fish ladder facility; and artificial plants attached to the movement passage.
Further, the flow channels of the second fish ladder facility are composed of zigzag pattern.
In addition, the flow channel outlet-side passage provided at a lower side of the dam forms zigzag pattern.
The present invention configured as described above, if a vast open space is on one side of a river, it can be used as ecological learning center, not only for dams to be established, but also for dams that are already existing, and it can be prevented from being run out of homing instinct fishes because the movement of the fishes is permitted.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the following detailed description and accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a stream bypass channel type fish ladder facility;

FIG. 2 illustrates a first fish ladder facility provided in the bypass channel;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a first fish ladder facility;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the spillway wall of the first fish ladder facility

FIG. 5 illustrates a fish ladder configuration structure of first fish ladder facility;

FIG. 6 is a second fish ladder facility provided in the bypass channel,

FIG. 7 is a side view of second fish ladder facility;

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a flow channel of the second fish ladder facility; and

FIG. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a second fish ladder facility.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As shown in FIG. 1, in the bypass channel type fish ladder facility according to the present invention, a bypass channel 100 connecting the downstream and the upstream is formed in the river with open space on one side, and the first fish ladder facility 110 is installed in the entrance portion of the bypass channel 100, and the second fish ladder facility 130 is installed in the middle of the bypass channel 100.
The bypass channel 100 may have ‘W’ like shape, thus minimize the flow rate of water flowing the bypass channel 100 as to make easy the movement of homing instinct fishes upstream.
As described in FIG. 2, the first fish ladder comprises facility 110 comprises a weir 111 trespassing upstream side, water supply 120, water supply gate 119, fish ladder 118, water pressure buffer opening 114 and spillway wall 112.
The water supply 120 is for supplying water to fish ladder 118 by which homing instinct fishes move, and has reservoir to store a certain amount of water, and although not shown in the drawing, an inlet having the size of 40 cm×40 cm is formed in water gate 119 to the lower side in the center of water supply 120, of which function is to send down water to the fish ladder.
Then, a pond 101 for storing the water at all times in preparation of dry season is provided one side of the first fish ladder facility 110. By providing such pond 101 and making a water stream to the bypass stream 100 for a certain amount of water, homing instinct fishes can move up to upstream even in dry season. The pond 101 has, preferably, a pumping facility 142 with IT technology, the pumping facility 142 can secure always a certain amount of water in the pond even in dry season.
The pumping facility 142 is provided with IT system, thus automatically pumps water into the bypass channel and keeps a certain quantity of water throughout four seasons when the homing instinct fishes moves during the dry season.
In other words, it usually always sent down shed a certain amount of water through the inlet into the fish ladder 118, and if required, a large amount of water can be supplied by opening the water gate 119 into the fish ladder 118. In addition, in dry season, water stored in the pond 101 can be supplied into the bypass stream 100.
Then, a spillway wall 112 is installed in downstream of the weir 111, above which the water is discharged to the downstream of the fish ladder 118. The spillway wall 112 is configured to discharge the downstream flow directed towards the spillway wall 112 from the water supply 120 as shown in FIG. 4. The spillway wall 112 has, many grooves 113 of different pattern. When water of upstream is discharged downstream through the grooves 113 of the spillway wall 112, homing instinct fishes can go up in the water discharging from the grooves 113.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable to install a water pressure buffer opening 114 between the spillway wall 112 and fish ladder 118 that is described later. Water pressure buffer opening 114 has a width wider than that of the fish ladder 118, and reduces the water pressure flowing through the fish ladder 118, thus allows the homing instinct fishes can swim easier. In addition, the water pressure buffer opening 114 make the quantity of water which flows down is discharged to the downstream through the spillway wall 112 by ensuring that the water reservoir serves to be constant.
Homing instinct fishes can reach to the water supply 120 upstream of the weir 111 through fish ladder 118, the fishes move to the upstream through the inlet (not shown) of water supply 120. And, a fish ladder 118 is provided through which water discharged from the water supply 120 to be discharged to the downstream flow.
The fish ladder 118 has a predetermined number of partition walls 116 as shown in FIG. 5 at regular intervals and is installed in the form of stairs gradually lowered toward the height down to the downstream side. In addition, at the lower portion of the partition wall 116 is about 45 cm×45 cm size of passage opening 122, thus homing instinct fishes can go upstream through the passage opening 112.
Then, the passage opening 122 of the partition wall 116 has a bottom shelter 123 in the form of a pond. The shelter 123 is for young fishes, to avoid harsh waters flowing down the fish ladder. And, said shelter 123 reduces the flow rate of water flowing through the passage opening 122 of the partition wall 116, thus fishes can go upstream easier.
Further, not only one side of the partition wall 116, it is preferable to configure the shelter on the other side of the partition wall 116, by doing so, as described above further reduce the flow rate and allow the fishes can swim easier.
And, natural stones (not shown) can be set between the partition walls 116, a small fish can swim easily by the stones as a small shelter, and the fish ladder 118 looks like in their natural state.
The fish ladder 118 may be of a straight line shape, but as shown on FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, by forming the turning, portion 117, the space for fish ladder facility 118 can be reduced. The turning portion 117 allows water to be restored temporary as said water pressure buffer opening 114, and reduces water pressure so the fishes can swim upstream easily. In addition, the turning portion 117 also serves to reserve water in that turning portion 117, the water flowing to the fish ladder is constant.
In addition, as can be seen from FIG. 2, said, turning portion 117 may have wider width than the fish ladder has, thereby water pressure flowing through the fish ladder 118 could be reduced and homing fishes can get rest in the turning portion 117 and, since the quantity of water flowing will be increased, the amount of water flowing down through spillway wall 112 can be maintained.
Now, the second fish ladder facility 130 of the present invention will be described.
The second fish ladder facility 130 provides a secure retention space and ease of movement to the movement of the fish upstream of homing, instinct even when the depth of the river is low, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9. The second fish ladder facility 130 comprises the weir 131 blocking the bypass channel, inclined channel 133 from the weir 131 to downstream, and movement passage 137 in pipe shape formed inside bottom of said weir 131.
The inclined channel 133 is so installed that upstream water is discharged naturally through the inlet 132 of the weir 131 and the inclined channel 133, and comb-like walls 135 are projected inwardly to the inclined channel 133 as well as the comb-like walls 135 which are installed at a predetermined interval in the circumferential wall 134.
It is preferable that the comb-wall 135, as shown in FIG. 6, is formed to be bent in order that water from upstream flows through, the inclined channel and conflicts in the comb-like walls 135, and it loses the water pressure and flow rate thereby homing instinct fishes can easily move through the upstream channel 133.
In addition, since water flows following the comb-like walls 135 bent, the homing instinct fishes can rest on the back-side of the comb-like walls 135. And, the effect of reducing the stress due to the pressure reduction can reduce a large maintenance cost by the structure of the comb-like walls 135.
Then, the bottom of the inclined channel 133 has moving groove 136 a depth of 15 cm and a width of 15 cm, at the bottom of the moving groove 136, artificial plants 140 are planted.
In addition, the flow channel 137 which is embedded in a beam diameter of approximately 15 cm is formed on the lower inner side of the weir 131 is to make it easy for homing fishes to go up. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, when the fish can be moved to the upstream by swimming in the upstream flow, fishes can be out from channel exit 139 back through the flow channel 137 to enter the flow channel inlet 138 downstream.
At this time, as can be seen from FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, flow channel 137 can be configured in a continuous zigzag manner inside the beam 131, thus the pressure and flow rate of the water flowing downstream through the flow channel 137, slowly as possible so that the fish can be easily traced back upstream through the flow channel 137.
Wherein, the flow channel 137 is four at the top when installed 30 cm interval based on the compensation 150 cm core. Thus, the depth of the upper beam, the functionality is maintained even in the dry season of 30 cm water depth. And, since the opening and closing device (not shown), the outlet flow channel 139 of the flow channel in the figure although not shown, only when the dry season to maintain the opening even by opening the device.
The said switching apparatus can be in many forms, for example, can be configured in the slide guide grooves in the flow channel exit both sides, and the blocking plate to configure the switching device to block the flow channel 137 by inserting the slide guide groove. The switching device is not limited to the form because it can be configured in various forms.
In addition, the upstream flow channel outlet 139 is located 1˜3 m above the horizontal line, vertical facility to install the same manhole facility (not shown) and a weir of 30 m height, to prevent clogging of the flow channel outlet 139, so preventing the earth and sand settling it is desirable to equip.
In addition, although not shown in the drawing, preferably together constituting the moving the moving path 137 of the passage exit 139 side (in FIGS. 7 and 8, flow channel outlet side portion formed in a straight line in the submerged weir bottom) in a zigzag form, when opened the flow channel 137 in dry season to flow along the upstream through flow channel 137, the flow rate and the water passes through the flow channel exit 139 side of the zigzag parts is reduced, thus homing fishes can go back upstream more easily.
Homing distinct fishes can be protected and the ecosystem by making it easy to climb easily even upstream by a second facility 130 configured as described above is formed even when the river is running out of water.
Moreover, river bypass channel type according to the present invention has been described by using fish ladder facility. Technical configuration of the invention it will be appreciated that a person skilled in the art may be embodied in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential characteristics. Thus, the embodiments described above are intended to be illustrative in all respects and should be understood as not to limiting the scope of the present invention is represented by the claims below rather than the foregoing description, the meaning of the claims and range, and all such modifications as would be derived from the equivalent concepts will be understood to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A fish ladder facility comprises a separate bypass channel that is installed on one side of the dam connecting upstream and downstream; water supply for fish ladder which is installed upstream, spillway wall disposed downstream of dam and having groove, a first fish ladder facility which connects said water supply and the spillway wall and has a predetermined number of the partition wall with a passage opening respectively, which are structured in a stepwise manner The first even and facility are installed on the upstream side inlet of the bypass channel is configured; and a second fish ladder facility which comprises inclined channel installed for discharging water to the side of the dam, sloping and comb wall contiguous installed to alternately at predetermined intervals on both sides of the main wall of the inclined channel, and movement passage in the shape of pipe shape that connects upstream and downstream on the inner bottom of the dam, which is provided in the middle of said bypass channel.

2. The fish ladder facility according to claim 1, a pond with a pumping facility is provided in a least one side of the first fish ladder facility.

3. The fish ladder facility according to claim 2, a water pressure buffer opening is provided between the spillway wall and the fish ladder of the first fish ladder facility.

4. The fish ladder facility according to claim 1, the first fish ladder facility has turning part in the fish ladder.

5. The fish ladder facility according to claim 1, a shelter in the form of pool is provided one passage side of the first fish ladder facility.

6. The fish ladder facility according to claim 5, the shelter in the form of pool is provided the other passage side of the first fish ladder facility.

7. The fish ladder facility according to claim 1, the fish ladder facility further comprises a contoured shape of the groove formed in the groove in the inclined bottom surface of the second fish ladder facility; and artificial plants attached to the movement passage.

8. The fish ladder facility according to claim 1, the flow channels of the second fish ladder facility are composed of zigzag pattern.

9. The fish ladder facility according to claim 8, the flow channel outlet-side passage provided at a lower side of the dam forms zigzag pattern.