US20160308029A1 - Preparation method for power diode - Google Patents
Preparation method for power diode Download PDFInfo
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- US20160308029A1 US20160308029A1 US14/902,294 US201414902294A US2016308029A1 US 20160308029 A1 US20160308029 A1 US 20160308029A1 US 201414902294 A US201414902294 A US 201414902294A US 2016308029 A1 US2016308029 A1 US 2016308029A1
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004969 ion scattering spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- -1 boron ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indium phosphide Chemical compound [In]#P GPXJNWSHGFTCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ge] Chemical compound [Si].[Ge] LEVVHYCKPQWKOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a field of semiconductor device manufacturing technique, particularly relates to a method of manufacturing a power diode.
- Power diodes are the most basic components of power electronic circuits, because of their unilateral conductivities, power diodes can be used in rectification, clamping and freewheeling of circuits. It is a main subject in power electronic circuits to apply performances of the power diodes rationally.
- devices such as junction barrier control rectifiers, MOS control diodes (MCD) and so on are currently provided both in China and abroad.
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
- MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor
- a method of manufacturing a power diode includes the following steps: providing a substrate, wherein the substrate includes a front side and a back side opposite to the front side; and growing an N-type layer on the front side of the substrate, wherein the N-type layer includes a first surface away from the substrate; forming a terminal guard ring on the first surface of the N-type layer; forming an oxide layer on the first surface of the N-type layer, and performing a driving-in to the terminal guard ring; performing photoetching by using an active region photomask and etching the oxide layer on an active region area, and forming a gate oxide layer on the first surface of the N-type layer on the active region area; depositing a polysilicon layer on the gate oxide layer; performing photoetching by using a polysilicon photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using a photoresist as a masking layer, and forming a P-type body region below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering; etching the
- the step of forming the terminal guard ring on the first surface of the N-type layer includes: forming a thin pad oxide layer on the first surface of the N-type layer, performing photoetching by using the terminal guard ring photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and forming a P-type terminal guard ring below the thin pad oxide layer.
- a thickness of the etched and removed silicon is 0.15 ⁇ m to 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the P-type ions are boron ions
- the N-type ions are As ions
- the P-type ions include boron ions and BF 2 ions.
- an implantation energy of the boron ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 to 5 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 ;
- an implantation energy of the As ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the As ions is 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 to 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 2 ; and in the step of performing gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching by using
- the P-type ions are implanted in plural steps.
- the driving-in is performed in an oxygen-free environment at a temperature of less than or equal to 1100° C., and a driving-in time is 60 minutes to 200 minutes.
- a thickness of the polysilicon layer is 800 angstrom to 6000 angstrom.
- a thickness of the N-type layer is 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and resistivity of the N-type layer is 0.5 ⁇ cm to 10 ⁇ cm.
- the substrate is made of an N-type silicon wafer with an orientation of 100.
- the method of manufacturing the power diode described above directly uses the scattering of the implanted ions to form the P-type body region used as a MOS channel before performing polysilicon etching, which can simplify the process and reduce the cost.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a power diode in accordance with one embodiment
- FIGS. 2 to 10 are partial cross-section views during manufacturing the power diode by using the method of manufacturing the power diode in accordance with one embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a cross-section view of a power diode manufactured by using the method of manufacturing the power diode in accordance with one embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a power diode in accordance with an embodiment, which includes the following steps:
- a substrate which includes a front side and a back side opposite to the front side; an N-type layer is grown on the front side of the substrate, and the N-type layer includes a first surface away from the substrate.
- the substrate 10 can be made of semiconductor materials such as silicon, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide or silicon germanium.
- the substrate 10 is an N-type silicon wafer with an orientation of ⁇ 100>.
- the N-type layer 20 with a certain thickness and resistivity is epitaxially grown on the front side (a side forming a frontal structure of the power diode) of the substrate 10 .
- a thickness of the N-type layer is 3 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the resistivity is 0.5 ⁇ cm to 10 ⁇ cm.
- the thickness of the N-type layer 20 is determined according to a pressure demand of the power diode being manufactured, in an embodiment, if the power diode is a device with 100V withstand voltage, the thickness of the power diode can be 10 ⁇ m, and the resistivity can be 2 ⁇ cm.
- step S 104 a terminal guard ring is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer.
- a thin pad oxide layer 30 is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer, then the thin pad oxide layer 30 is photoetched by using a terminal guard ring photomask, and P-type ions are implanted to the N-type layer by using a photoresist 40 as a masking layer, forming the P-type terminal guard ring below the thin pad oxide layer 30 .
- FIG. 2 shows three terminal guard rings 31 , 32 , and 33 , the terminal guard ring 31 is located at an active region area, and the terminal guard ring 32 is partly located at the active region area.
- the amount of the terminal guard rings is not limited to the amount of the illustrated embodiment, being able to be selected and arranged according to actual requirement of the device.
- the implanted P-type ions 301 are boron ions, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 to 5 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 .
- the boron ions can be replaced by other P-type ions.
- FIG. 2 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 104 .
- step S 106 an oxide layer is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer, and a driving-in is performed to the terminal guard ring.
- FIG. 3 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 106 .
- the driving-in is performed in an oxygen-free environment at a temperature of less than or equal to 1100 ⁇ , and a driving-in time is 60 minutes to 200 minutes.
- this step of forming the oxide layer 50 and driving-in can be combined to a thermal process of aerobic driving-in.
- step S 108 the oxide layer on an active region area is photoetched by using an active region photomask and etched, and a gate oxide layer is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer on the active region area.
- the active region is etched by using the active region photomask on the area for manufacturing the device. After etching the oxide layer 50 on the active region area, the photoresist is removed, and the gate oxide layer 60 is formed via thermal growth. In the illustrated embodiment, a thickness of the gate oxide layer 60 is 20 angstrom to 100 angstrom.
- FIG. 4 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 108 .
- step S 110 a polysilicon layer is deposited and formed on the gate oxide layer.
- the polysilicon layer 70 is deposited and formed on the gate oxide layer 60 .
- the polysilicon layer 70 is in-situ doped polycrystalline silicon with a thickness of 800 angstrom to 6000 angstrom.
- an impurity distribution of the doping region can be adjusted, and thereby achieves a purpose of reducing the forward voltage drop Vf of the device.
- FIG. 5 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 110 .
- step S 112 photoetching is performed by using a polysilicon photomask, P-type ions are implanted into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and a P-type body region is formed below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering.
- Photoetching is performed by using a polysilicon photomask, P-type ions are implanted into the N-type layer by using the photoresist 40 as the masking layer, and a P-type body region 82 is formed below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering.
- the P-type ions are implanted in plural steps, and the P-type body region 82 is formed as a MOS channel by directly using the transverse scattering of the implanted ions.
- the implanted P-type ions are boron ions, which are implanted in four steps, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 to 5 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 .
- FIG. 6 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 112 .
- the process is simplified and the cost is reduced.
- a threshold voltage of the DMOS structure is adjusted, and thereby achieves an adjustment of the forward conduction voltage drop of the diode according to practical applications.
- a favorable impurity distribution can be obtained by implanting in plural steps, which reduces the reverse recovery time and improves the performance of the device.
- step S 114 the polysilicon layer is etched by using the photoresist as the masking layer, N-type ions are implanted to the P-type body region below the etched area, and an N-type heavily doped region is formed.
- the polysilicon layer 70 is etched by using the photoresist 40 as the masking layer, N-type ions are implanted to the P-type body region 82 below the etched area, and an N-type heavily doped region (NSD) 84 is formed.
- the implanted N-type ions are As ions
- an implantation energy of the As ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV
- a sum of implantation dose of the As ions is 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 to 1 ⁇ 10 16 cm ⁇ 2 .
- FIG. 7 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 114 .
- step S 116 gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching is performed by using the photoresist as the masking layer, P-type ions are implanted below the etched area, and a P+ region is formed.
- the gate oxide layer 60 and then the silicon are etched, and P-type ions are implanted below the etched area and a P+ region 86 is formed.
- a thickness of the etched and removed silicon is 0.15 ⁇ m to 0.3 ⁇ m, forming a shallow slot structure, so as to obtain a relatively good impurity distribution and a greater metal contact area, and improve the performance of the device.
- the implanted P-type ions include boron ions and BF 2 ions.
- the boron ions are implanted in plural steps, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 80 KeV to 100 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 to 5 ⁇ 10 13 cm ⁇ 2 , while an implantation energy of the BF 2 ions is 20 KeV to 40 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the BF 2 ions is 6 ⁇ 10 14 cm ⁇ 2 to 1 ⁇ 10 15 cm ⁇ 2 .
- a favorable impurity distribution can be obtained by implanting in plural steps, which reduces the reverse recovery time and improves the performance of the device.
- FIG. 8 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 114 .
- step S 118 thermal annealing is performed, the implanted impurities are activated and the photoresist is removed.
- the three doping layers P-type body region 82 , N-type heavily doped region 84 and the P+ region 86 are rapidly thermal annealed, the implanted impurities are activated and the photoresist 40 is removed. Only one thermal annealing process is used to complete the activating of the impurity in these three doping layers, the process is simplified and the cost is reduced without affecting the performance of the product. In alternative embodiments, a rapidly thermal annealing can be performed after every implantation.
- FIG. 9 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 116 .
- step S 120 metallization processing is performed on the first surface and the back side of the substrate.
- the oxide layer is etched, and then conductive metal is sputtered on the whole surface of the device.
- the conductive metal is etched by using a metal photomask, and a metal wire layer 92 is formed, the metallization of the first surface is completed.
- FIG. 10 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S 120 .
- the above method of manufacturing a power diode can obtain the favorable impurity distribution, reduce the reverse recovery time of the device and improve the switching performance of the device.
- the process is simplified and the cost is reduced without affecting the performance of the product.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-section view of the power diode manufactured by using the method of manufacturing the power diode in accordance with the embodiment, including peripheral terminal structure (not shown in FIG. 11 ) and the active region surrounded by the terminal structure.
- the substrate of the power diode is the N-type substrate 10
- the back side of the substrate 10 is provided with the back side metal wire layer 94 .
- the front side of the substrate 10 is provided with the N-type epitaxial layer 20 .
- the terminal guard ring (not shown in FIG. 11 ) is configured in the terminal structure.
- the front side (in the same direction with the substrate 10 ) of the epitaxial layer 20 of the active region is provided with the gate oxide layer 60
- the front side (in the same direction with the substrate 10 ) of the gate oxide layer 60 is provided with the polysilicon 70 .
- the P-type body region 82 is configured in the epitaxial layer 20 of the active region
- the N-type heavily doped region 84 is configured in the P-type body region 82 .
- the P+ region 86 is configured below the P-type body region 82 .
- the front side (in the same direction with the substrate 10 ) of the whole device is provided with the front side metal wire layer 92 .
- Such power diode has several good performance of low opening voltage, short reverse recovery time, low leakage current and high reliability, and can be widely used in AC-DC converter, UPS power supply, automotive electronics, portable electronics, motor drive system and other energy conversion device.
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a field of semiconductor device manufacturing technique, particularly relates to a method of manufacturing a power diode.
- Power diodes are the most basic components of power electronic circuits, because of their unilateral conductivities, power diodes can be used in rectification, clamping and freewheeling of circuits. It is a main subject in power electronic circuits to apply performances of the power diodes rationally. In order to improve the performance of the power diode, devices such as junction barrier control rectifiers, MOS control diodes (MCD) and so on are currently provided both in China and abroad. Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET) is a rapidly developed and widely applied electric device, which is a new device optimized by using the fast switching speed and great current density of a vertical double diffused metal oxide semiconductor field effect tube, having characteristics of low forward voltage drop, short reverse recovery time and low leakage current. However, regarding of such structure of MOSFET, the conventional manufacturing process of MOSFET is relatively complex, and the cost is relatively high.
- Accordingly, it is necessary to provide a method of manufacturing a power diode with simple process and low preparation cost.
- A method of manufacturing a power diode includes the following steps: providing a substrate, wherein the substrate includes a front side and a back side opposite to the front side; and growing an N-type layer on the front side of the substrate, wherein the N-type layer includes a first surface away from the substrate; forming a terminal guard ring on the first surface of the N-type layer; forming an oxide layer on the first surface of the N-type layer, and performing a driving-in to the terminal guard ring; performing photoetching by using an active region photomask and etching the oxide layer on an active region area, and forming a gate oxide layer on the first surface of the N-type layer on the active region area; depositing a polysilicon layer on the gate oxide layer; performing photoetching by using a polysilicon photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using a photoresist as a masking layer, and forming a P-type body region below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering; etching the polysilicon layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting N-type ions into the P-type body region below the etched area, and forming an N-type heavily doped region; performing gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting P-type ions below the etched area via ion implantation, and forming a P+region; performing thermal annealing, activating the implanted impurities and removing the photoresist; and performing metallization processing on the first surface and the back side of the substrate.
- In one of embodiments, the step of forming the terminal guard ring on the first surface of the N-type layer includes: forming a thin pad oxide layer on the first surface of the N-type layer, performing photoetching by using the terminal guard ring photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and forming a P-type terminal guard ring below the thin pad oxide layer.
- In one of embodiments, in the step of performing gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting P-type ions below the etched area via ion implantation, and forming the P+ region, a thickness of the etched and removed silicon is 0.15 μm to 0.3 μm.
- In one of embodiments, in the step of performing photoetching by using a polysilicon photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and forming the P-type body region below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering, the P-type ions are boron ions; in the step of etching the polysilicon layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting N-type ions into the P-type body region below the etched area, and forming the N-type heavily doped region, the N-type ions are As ions; and in the step of performing gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting P-type ions below the etched area via ion implantation, and forming the P+region, the P-type ions include boron ions and BF2 ions.
- In one of embodiments, in the step of performing photoetching by using the polysilicon photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and forming the P-type body region below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1×1013 cm−2 to 5×1013 cm−2; in the step of etching the polysilicon layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting N-type ions into the P-type body region below the etched area, and forming the N-type heavily doped region, an implantation energy of the As ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the As ions is 1×1015 cm−2 to 1×1016 cm−2; and in the step of performing gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching by using the photoresist as the masking layer, implanting P-type ions below the etched area via ion implantation, and forming the P+ region, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 80 KeV to 100 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1×1013 cm−2 to 5×1013 cm−2, while an implantation energy of the BF2 ions is 20 KeV to 40 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the BF2 ions is 6×1014 cm−2 to 1×1015 cm−2.
- In one of embodiments, in the step of performing photoetching by using the polysilicon photomask, implanting P-type ions into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and forming the P-type body region below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering, the P-type ions are implanted in plural steps.
- In one of embodiments, the driving-in is performed in an oxygen-free environment at a temperature of less than or equal to 1100° C., and a driving-in time is 60 minutes to 200 minutes.
- In one of embodiments, a thickness of the polysilicon layer is 800 angstrom to 6000 angstrom.
- In one of embodiments, a thickness of the N-type layer is 3 μm to 20 μm, and resistivity of the N-type layer is 0.5 Ω·cm to 10Ω·cm.
- In one of embodiments, the substrate is made of an N-type silicon wafer with an orientation of 100.
- The method of manufacturing the power diode described above directly uses the scattering of the implanted ions to form the P-type body region used as a MOS channel before performing polysilicon etching, which can simplify the process and reduce the cost.
-
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a power diode in accordance with one embodiment; -
FIGS. 2 to 10 are partial cross-section views during manufacturing the power diode by using the method of manufacturing the power diode in accordance with one embodiment; -
FIG. 11 is a cross-section view of a power diode manufactured by using the method of manufacturing the power diode in accordance with one embodiment. - The details of one or more embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and drawings.
-
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a power diode in accordance with an embodiment, which includes the following steps: - In step S102, a substrate is provided, which includes a front side and a back side opposite to the front side; an N-type layer is grown on the front side of the substrate, and the N-type layer includes a first surface away from the substrate.
- The
substrate 10 can be made of semiconductor materials such as silicon, silicon carbide, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide or silicon germanium. In the illustrated embodiment, thesubstrate 10 is an N-type silicon wafer with an orientation of <100>. - In the illustrated embodiment, the N-
type layer 20 with a certain thickness and resistivity is epitaxially grown on the front side (a side forming a frontal structure of the power diode) of thesubstrate 10. A thickness of the N-type layer is 3 μm to 20 μm, and the resistivity is 0.5 Ω·cm to 10 Ω·cm. The thickness of the N-type layer 20 is determined according to a pressure demand of the power diode being manufactured, in an embodiment, if the power diode is a device with 100V withstand voltage, the thickness of the power diode can be 10 μm, and the resistivity can be 2 Ω·cm. - In step S104, a terminal guard ring is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer.
- Specifically, a thin
pad oxide layer 30 is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer, then the thinpad oxide layer 30 is photoetched by using a terminal guard ring photomask, and P-type ions are implanted to the N-type layer by using aphotoresist 40 as a masking layer, forming the P-type terminal guard ring below the thinpad oxide layer 30.FIG. 2 shows threeterminal guard rings terminal guard ring 31 is located at an active region area, and theterminal guard ring 32 is partly located at the active region area. In alternative embodiments, the amount of the terminal guard rings is not limited to the amount of the illustrated embodiment, being able to be selected and arranged according to actual requirement of the device. - In the illustrated embodiment, the implanted P-
type ions 301 are boron ions, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1×1013 cm−2 to 5×1013 cm−2. In alternative embodiments, the boron ions can be replaced by other P-type ions.FIG. 2 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S104. - In step S106, an oxide layer is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer, and a driving-in is performed to the terminal guard ring.
- After removing the
photoresist 40, theoxide layer 50 with a thickness of 1000 angstrom to 5000 angstrom is deposited, and the driving-in is performed on the P-type terminal guard ring.FIG. 3 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S106. In the illustrated embodiment, the driving-in is performed in an oxygen-free environment at a temperature of less than or equal to 1100□, and a driving-in time is 60 minutes to 200 minutes. In order to save the cost, in alternative embodiments, this step of forming theoxide layer 50 and driving-in can be combined to a thermal process of aerobic driving-in. - In step S108, the oxide layer on an active region area is photoetched by using an active region photomask and etched, and a gate oxide layer is formed on the first surface of the N-type layer on the active region area.
- The active region is etched by using the active region photomask on the area for manufacturing the device. After etching the
oxide layer 50 on the active region area, the photoresist is removed, and thegate oxide layer 60 is formed via thermal growth. In the illustrated embodiment, a thickness of thegate oxide layer 60 is 20 angstrom to 100 angstrom.FIG. 4 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S108. - In step S110, a polysilicon layer is deposited and formed on the gate oxide layer.
- The
polysilicon layer 70 is deposited and formed on thegate oxide layer 60. In the illustrated embodiment, thepolysilicon layer 70 is in-situ doped polycrystalline silicon with a thickness of 800 angstrom to 6000 angstrom. By adjusting the thickness of thepolysilicon layer 70, an impurity distribution of the doping region can be adjusted, and thereby achieves a purpose of reducing the forward voltage drop Vf of the device.FIG. 5 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S110. - In step S112, photoetching is performed by using a polysilicon photomask, P-type ions are implanted into the N-type layer by using the photoresist as the masking layer, and a P-type body region is formed below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering.
- Photoetching is performed by using a polysilicon photomask, P-type ions are implanted into the N-type layer by using the
photoresist 40 as the masking layer, and a P-type body region 82 is formed below the polysilicon layer via ion scattering. In the illustrated embodiment, the P-type ions are implanted in plural steps, and the P-type body region 82 is formed as a MOS channel by directly using the transverse scattering of the implanted ions. Specifically, the implanted P-type ions are boron ions, which are implanted in four steps, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1×1013 cm−2 to 5×1013 cm−2.FIG. 6 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S112. - By directly forming the P-
type body region 82 used as a MOS channel via transverse scattering of the implanted ions before performing the polysilicon etching, the process is simplified and the cost is reduced. Moreover, by adjusting the thickness of thepolysilicon layer 70 and the energy of the implanted ions, a threshold voltage of the DMOS structure is adjusted, and thereby achieves an adjustment of the forward conduction voltage drop of the diode according to practical applications. In addition, a favorable impurity distribution can be obtained by implanting in plural steps, which reduces the reverse recovery time and improves the performance of the device. - In step S114, the polysilicon layer is etched by using the photoresist as the masking layer, N-type ions are implanted to the P-type body region below the etched area, and an N-type heavily doped region is formed.
- The
polysilicon layer 70 is etched by using thephotoresist 40 as the masking layer, N-type ions are implanted to the P-type body region 82 below the etched area, and an N-type heavily doped region (NSD) 84 is formed. In the illustrated embodiment, the implanted N-type ions are As ions, an implantation energy of the As ions is 30 KeV to 50 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the As ions is 1×1015 cm−2 to 1×1016 cm−2.FIG. 7 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S114. - In step S116, gate oxide layer etching and then silicon etching is performed by using the photoresist as the masking layer, P-type ions are implanted below the etched area, and a P+ region is formed.
- By using the
photoresist 40 as the masking layer, thegate oxide layer 60 and then the silicon are etched, and P-type ions are implanted below the etched area and aP+ region 86 is formed. - In the illustrated embodiment, during the processing of silicon etching, a thickness of the etched and removed silicon is 0.15 μm to 0.3 μm, forming a shallow slot structure, so as to obtain a relatively good impurity distribution and a greater metal contact area, and improve the performance of the device. The implanted P-type ions include boron ions and BF2 ions. The boron ions are implanted in plural steps, an implantation energy of the boron ions is 80 KeV to 100 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the boron ions is 1×1013 cm−2 to 5×1013 cm−2, while an implantation energy of the BF2 ions is 20 KeV to 40 KeV, and a sum of implantation dose of the BF2 ions is 6×1014 cm−2 to 1×1015 cm−2. A favorable impurity distribution can be obtained by implanting in plural steps, which reduces the reverse recovery time and improves the performance of the device.
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S114. - In step S118, thermal annealing is performed, the implanted impurities are activated and the photoresist is removed.
- In the illustrated embodiment, the three doping layers P-
type body region 82, N-type heavily dopedregion 84 and theP+ region 86 are rapidly thermal annealed, the implanted impurities are activated and thephotoresist 40 is removed. Only one thermal annealing process is used to complete the activating of the impurity in these three doping layers, the process is simplified and the cost is reduced without affecting the performance of the product. In alternative embodiments, a rapidly thermal annealing can be performed after every implantation.FIG. 9 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S116. - In step S120, metallization processing is performed on the first surface and the back side of the substrate.
- The oxide layer is etched, and then conductive metal is sputtered on the whole surface of the device. The conductive metal is etched by using a metal photomask, and a
metal wire layer 92 is formed, the metallization of the first surface is completed. - The back side of the
surface 10 is ground to obtain a required thickness, the conductive metal is sputtered on the back side of thesubstrate 10 and a back sidemetal wire layer 94 is formed, and the metallization of the back side is completed. During the metallization of the first surface and the metallization of the back side, the metal being sputtered includes aluminum, titanium, nickel, silver, copper, etc.FIG. 10 is a partial cross-section view of the power diode after finishing step S120. - Only four photomasks, namely the terminal guard ring photomask, the active region photomask, the polysilicon photomask and the metal photomask are used in the above manufacturing process, which saves one photomask comparing to the conventional manufacturing process, simplifies the process and reduces the cost. The process of the above method of manufacturing a power diode is completely compatible with that of a Double-diffused MOSFET (DMOS), having the advantages of universality and good transferability on different IC production lines.
- By implanting P-type ions in plural steps, in the step S112 and the step S116, the above method of manufacturing a power diode can obtain the favorable impurity distribution, reduce the reverse recovery time of the device and improve the switching performance of the device. By directly using the P-
type body region 82 formed by the transverse scattering of ion implantation as the MOS channel, the process is simplified and the cost is reduced without affecting the performance of the product. -
FIG. 11 is a cross-section view of the power diode manufactured by using the method of manufacturing the power diode in accordance with the embodiment, including peripheral terminal structure (not shown inFIG. 11 ) and the active region surrounded by the terminal structure. The substrate of the power diode is the N-type substrate 10, the back side of thesubstrate 10 is provided with the back sidemetal wire layer 94. The front side of thesubstrate 10 is provided with the N-type epitaxial layer 20. The terminal guard ring (not shown inFIG. 11 ) is configured in the terminal structure. The front side (in the same direction with the substrate 10) of theepitaxial layer 20 of the active region is provided with thegate oxide layer 60, and the front side (in the same direction with the substrate 10) of thegate oxide layer 60 is provided with thepolysilicon 70. The P-type body region 82 is configured in theepitaxial layer 20 of the active region, and the N-type heavily dopedregion 84 is configured in the P-type body region 82. TheP+ region 86 is configured below the P-type body region 82. The front side (in the same direction with the substrate 10) of the whole device is provided with the front sidemetal wire layer 92. - Such power diode has several good performance of low opening voltage, short reverse recovery time, low leakage current and high reliability, and can be widely used in AC-DC converter, UPS power supply, automotive electronics, portable electronics, motor drive system and other energy conversion device.
- Although the invention is illustrated and described herein with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the details shown. Rather, various modifications may be made in the details within the scope and range of equivalents of the claims and without departing from the invention.
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CN201310453090 | 2013-09-27 | ||
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TWI823610B (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-11-21 | 大陸商上海新進芯微電子有限公司 | Power diode device and method of manufacturing the same |
CN117594438A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-23 | 扬州国宇电子有限公司 | Manganese doping method of fast recovery diode and fast recovery diode |
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TWI823610B (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-11-21 | 大陸商上海新進芯微電子有限公司 | Power diode device and method of manufacturing the same |
CN117594438A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-23 | 扬州国宇电子有限公司 | Manganese doping method of fast recovery diode and fast recovery diode |
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