US20160212737A1 - Method and apparatus of transmitting control information in wireless communication systems - Google Patents

Method and apparatus of transmitting control information in wireless communication systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160212737A1
US20160212737A1 US15/000,428 US201615000428A US2016212737A1 US 20160212737 A1 US20160212737 A1 US 20160212737A1 US 201615000428 A US201615000428 A US 201615000428A US 2016212737 A1 US2016212737 A1 US 2016212737A1
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Prior art keywords
information
terminal
mac
mtc
base station
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Inventor
Jae-Hyuk Jang
Sang-Bum Kim
Kyeong-In Jeong
Sung-Hwan Won
Soeng-Hun Kim
Sung-Hoon Kim
Song-yean Cho
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/000,428 priority Critical patent/US20160212737A1/en
Assigned to SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. reassignment SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHO, SONG-YEAN, JANG, JAE-HYUK, JEONG, KYEONG-IN, KIM, SANG-BUM, KIM, SOENG-HUN, KIM, SUNG-HOON, WON, Sung-Hwan
Publication of US20160212737A1 publication Critical patent/US20160212737A1/en
Priority to US15/928,734 priority patent/US10455552B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/0406—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT
    • H04L5/001—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A), DMT the frequencies being arranged in component carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0092—Indication of how the channel is divided
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0096—Indication of changes in allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signaling for the administration of the divided path
    • H04L5/0096—Indication of changes in allocation
    • H04L5/0098—Signalling of the activation or deactivation of component carriers, subcarriers or frequency bands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/10—Architectures or entities
    • H04L65/1016—IP multimedia subsystem [IMS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
    • H04L65/1073—Registration or de-registration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/30—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power
    • H04W52/36—TPC using constraints in the total amount of available transmission power with a discrete range or set of values, e.g. step size, ramping or offsets
    • H04W52/365—Power headroom reporting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/54—Signalisation aspects of the TPC commands, e.g. frame structure
    • H04W52/58—Format of the TPC bits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for transmitting control information in wireless communication systems.
  • 5G communication systems are considered to be implemented on ultra high frequency bands (mmWave), such as, e.g., 60 GHz.
  • mmWave ultra high frequency bands
  • the following techniques are taken into account for the 5G communication system: beamforming, massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beamforming, and large scale antenna.
  • 5G communication system also being developed are various technologies for the 5G communication system to have an enhanced network, such as evolved or advanced small cell, cloud radio access network (cloud RAN), ultra-dense network, device-to-device (D2D) communication, wireless backhaul, moving network, cooperative communication, coordinated multi-point (CoMP), and interference cancellation.
  • cloud RAN cloud radio access network
  • D2D device-to-device
  • SWSC sliding window superposition coding
  • ACM advanced coding modulation
  • FBMC filter bank multi-carrier
  • NOMA non-orthogonal multiple access
  • SCMA sparse code multiple access
  • IoT Internet Technology
  • IT Internet Technology
  • the IoT may have various applications, such as the smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, smart grid, health-care, or smart appliance industry, or state-of-art medical services, through conversion or integration of general information technology (IT) techniques and various industries.
  • IT Internet Technology
  • next-generation wireless communication systems a critical requirement for next-generation wireless communication systems is, among others, to support the demand of high data transmission rates.
  • various techniques including multiple input multiple output (MIMO), cooperative multiple point transmission (CoMP), and relay are being researched, but the most fundamental and stable solution is to increase bandwidth.
  • MIMO multiple input multiple output
  • CoMP cooperative multiple point transmission
  • relay the most fundamental and stable solution is to increase bandwidth.
  • a method and apparatus for addressing the problem that inclusion of the Ci of the SCell and its corresponding PH information may bring about unneglectable signaling overhead particularly under the circumstance where the number of DL only SCells increases.
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • a method and apparatus for providing an efficient procedure for an MTC terminal upon random access to access a base station are provided.
  • a method for transmitting control information in a wireless communication system comprises generating a header including a plurality of MAC subheaders and a medium access control (MAC) control information including a control field indicating whether there are included information related to a power headroom for a primary cell (PCell) and information regarding secondary cells (SCells) reportable to an extended power headroom and transmitting a payload including the MAC control information and the header, wherein the control field indicating activation or deactivation of at least one of the SCells.
  • MAC medium access control
  • an apparatus for transmitting control information in a wireless communication system comprises a controller generating a header including a plurality of MAC subheaders and a medium access control (MAC) control information including a control field indicating whether there are included information related to a power headroom for a primary cell (PCell) and information regarding secondary cells (SCells) reportable to an extended power headroom and a transmitter transmitting a payload including the MAC control information and the header, wherein the control field indicating activation or deactivation of at least one of the SCells.
  • MAC medium access control
  • FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a structure of a LTE mobile communication system
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are views illustrating examples of an extended PHR MAC control information format available in LTE CA;
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating an example of an activation/deactivation MAC control information format
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are views illustrating examples of an MAC activation/deactivation control information format
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the radio protocol structure in an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a view illustrating enhanced carrier aggregation for a terminal
  • FIG. 10 is a view illustrating a process of activating PUCCH SCell when following a normal SCell activation process
  • FIG. 11 is a view illustrating an example of a legacy A/D MAC CE format
  • FIG. 12 is a view illustrating an example of an extended A/D MAC CE format for supporting up to 32 serving cells
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17 is a view illustrating a process of obtaining system information from a base station and performing access by a machine-type communication device
  • FIG. 20 is a view illustrating an MTC EPDCCH transmitted through a predetermined radio resource according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 22 is a view illustrating a method of updating system information according to an eighth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 25 is a view illustrating an RACH process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 27 is a view illustrating an operation of a terminal reselecting a proper cell when reselecting a cell among cells belonging to a frequency with the same priority or the same frequency according to the present disclosure
  • FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a contention-based random access procedure used in an LTE system
  • FIG. 29 is a view illustrating a frame structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 30 is a flowchart illustrating a message flow of a random access procedure of an MTC terminal as proposed on the frame structure described in connection with FIG. 29 according to a tenth embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 31 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal to which the tenth embodiment of the random access procedure of the MTC terminal applies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 32 is a view illustrating a frame structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 33 is a flowchart illustrating a message flow of a random access procedure of an MTC terminal as proposed on the frame structure described in connection with FIG. 32 according to an eleventh embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 34 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal to which the eleventh embodiment of the random access procedure of the MTC terminal applies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating a message flow of a random access procedure of an MTC terminal as proposed on the frame structure described in connection with FIG. 32 according to a twelfth embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal to which the twelfth embodiment of the random access procedure of the MTC terminal applies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 37 is a block diagram illustrating an internal structure of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 39 is a flowchart illustrating a process of registering to an IMS by a WIC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a radio access network of the LTE mobile communication system includes next-generation base stations (evolved node B—hereinafter, “ENB” or “base station”) 105 , 110 , 115 , and 120 , a mobility management entity (MME) 125 , and a serving gateway (S-GW) 130 .
  • a user equipment (hereinafter, “UE” or “terminal”) 135 accesses an external network through the ENB and the S-GW.
  • the ENBs 105 to 120 correspond to node Bs in the legacy universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) system.
  • the ENBs 105 to 120 are connected with the UE 135 through a wireless channel and plays a more complicated role than the legacy node B.
  • UMTS legacy universal mobile telecommunication system
  • FIG. 2 is a view illustrating an exemplary LTE CA function.
  • a terminal supporting CA may receive data using both the frequencies to increase data reception speed.
  • the same principle given for downlink frequencies may also apply to uplink (backward or UL) frequencies, and terminal supporting CA may transmit data using a plurality of uplink frequencies to increase transmission data speed.
  • the CA function may be deemed as the terminal transmitting data through a plurality of cells simultaneously.
  • the terminal may have a plurality of serving cells.
  • the basic sec for mobility support of terminal, ciphering of data/control information, and integrity check is denoted PCell, and other serving cells added for CA function are denoted SCells. See the following for more detailed definitions of serving cell, PCell, and SCell.
  • PCell The cell, operating on the primary frequency, in which the UE either performs the initial connection establishment procedure or initiates the connection re-establishment procedure, or the cell indicated as the primary cell in the handover procedure.
  • the terminal calculates a backward transmission power using a predetermined function when performing backward transmission and performs backward transmission with the calculated backward transmission power.
  • the terminal may put in the predetermined function input values by which it may estimate channel status such as path loss value and scheduling information such as MCS (modulation coding scheme) to be applied and the amount of transmission resources allocated to calculate a required backward transmit power value and applies the calculated required backward transmit power value to perform backward transmission.
  • channel status such as path loss value and scheduling information such as MCS (modulation coding scheme)
  • the backward transmit power value applicable by the terminal is limited by the terminal's maximum transmission value, and if the calculated required transmit power value exceeds the terminal's maximum transmission value, the terminal applies the maximum transmit value to perform backward transmission. In such case, since it cannot apply sufficient backward transmit power, backward transmission quality may be deteriorated.
  • the base station preferably performs scheduling so that the required transmit power does not exceed the maximum transmit power. However, some parameters including pathloss cannot be grasped by the base station, and terminal reports its available transmit power (power headroom, PH) information to the base station by transmitting (extended) power headroom report (PHR) MAC control information.
  • PH power headroom
  • PHR power headroom report
  • CA-operating terminal may include PH information for several serving cells in a single PHR and transmit the same, and the PHR is referred to as extended PHR.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are views illustrating a first embodiment of an extended PHR MAC control information format available in LTE CA.
  • the MAC header includes a sub-header for extended PHR.
  • the MAC Control element 2 310 is extended PHR MAC control information
  • the second MAC sub-header 320 is sub-header for PHR MAC CE (control element).
  • the second MAC sub-header 320 includes LCID (Logical Channel ID) (e.g., LCID value “11001”) indicating that the extended PHR is included in the MAC payload and L that is a value indicating the size of PHR.
  • the LCID value denotes whether activation/deactivation is included in the MAC payload.
  • the extended PHR MAC control information 310 includes PCell Type2 PH, PCell Type1 PH, and SCell PHs. As shown in FIG. 3B , in the continuous bytes, the extended PHR MAC control information 310 includes, as the PH information of each cell, PCell's Type 2 PH ⁇ PCell's Type 1 PH ⁇ first SCell's PH ⁇ second SCell's PH ⁇ third SCell's PH ⁇ fourth SCell's PH ⁇ , . . . .
  • the extended PHR MAC control information always includes the PH information on the PCell, and which SCell the included PH information is about is indicated by the ‘C’ field.
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a second embodiment of the activation/deactivation MAC control information format.
  • each field in the MAC subheader is as follows. See 3GPP standard TS36.321 for details.
  • the MAC header is of variable size and consists of the following fields,
  • the LCID value of 11011 denotes whether activation/deactivation is included in the MAC payload.
  • the table indicating LCID for UL-SCH is as follows.
  • the table indicating F field is as follows.
  • the Extended Power Headroom Report(PHR) MAC control element is identified by a MAC PDU subheader with LCID as specified in table 6.2.1-2. It has a variable size and is defined in FIG. 6.1 . 3 . 6 a - 2 .
  • the octet containing the Type 2 PH field is included first after the octet indicating the presence of PH per SCell and followed by an octet containing the associated P CMAX,c field (if reported).
  • the Extended PHR MAC Control Element is defined as follows,
  • ServCellIndex applies integer ‘0’ for PCell
  • SCellIndex value assigned when the base station adds or varies a particular Scell through RRC (Radio Resource Control) control message applies for SCell.
  • RRC control message to add or vary particular SCell RRCConnectionReconfiguration message may come in use, and of the following ASN.1 code, the underlined portion shows details of signaling for how SCellIndex is set up when a particular SCell is added or varied in ServCellIndex information and RRCConnectionReconfiguration message.
  • SCellIndex is assigned an integer from one to seven. See 3GPP standard TS36.331 for details.
  • the IE ServCellIndex concerns a short identity, used to identify a serving cell(i.e. the PCell or an SCell). Value 0 applies for the PCell, while the SCellIndex that has previously been assigned applies for SCells.
  • ServCellIndex information element is defined as follows.
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration is defined as follows.
  • the RRCConnectionReconfiguration message is the command to modify an RRC connection. It may convey information for measurement configuration, mobility control, radio resource configuration(including RBs, MAC main configuration and physical channel configuration) including any associated dedicated NAS information and security configuration.
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration message is defined in Tables 5 to 9.
  • the following Tables 5 to 9 are a continuous table.
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration SEQUENCE ⁇ rrc-TransactionIdentifier RRC-TransactionIdentifier, criticalExtensions CHOICE ⁇ c1 CHOICE ⁇ rrcConnectionReconfiguration-r8 RRCConnectionReconfiguration-r8-IEs, spare7 NULL, spare6 NULL, spare5 NULL, spare4 NULL, spare3 NULL, spare2 NULL, spare1 NULL ⁇ , criticalExtensionsFuture SEQUENCE ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration-v1020-IEs SEQUENCE ⁇ sCellToReleaseList-r10 SCellToReleaseList-r10 OPTIONAL, -- Need ON sCellToAddModList-r10 SCellToAddModList-r10 OPTIONAL, -- Need ON nonCriticalExtension
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration- v1130-IEs OPTIONAL ⁇
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration-v1130-IEs SEQUENCE ⁇ systemInfomationBlockType1Dedicated-r11 OCTET STRING(CONTAINING SystemInformationBlockType1) nonCriticalExtension
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration-v12xy-IEs SEQUENCE ⁇ wlan-OffloadDedicated-r12 CHOICE ⁇ release NULL, setup SEQUENCE ⁇ wlan-OffloadConfig-r12 WLAN-
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration field is detailed in the following Tables 10 and 11.
  • RRCConnectionReconfiguration field descriptions dedicatedInfoNASList This field is used to transfer UE specific NAS layer information between the network and the UE.
  • the RRC layer is transparent for each PDU in the list.
  • fullConfig Indicates the full configuration option is applicable for the RRC Connection Reconfiguration message.
  • keyChangeIndicator true is used only in an intra-cell handover when a K eNB key is derived from a K ASME key taken into use through the latest successful NAS SMC procedure, as described in TS 33.401 [32] for K eNB re-keying. false is used in an intra-LTE handover when the new K eNB key is obtained from the current K eNB key or from the NH as described in TS 33.401 [32].
  • nas-securityParamToEUTRA This field is used to transfer UE specific NAS layer information between the network and the UE.
  • the RRC layer is transparent for this field, although it affects activation of AS- security after inter-RAT handover to E-UTRA.
  • the content is defined in TS 24.301.
  • nextHopChainingCount Parameter NCC See TS 33.401 [32] t350 Timer T350 as described in section 7.3. Value minN corresponds to N minutes.
  • EARFCN-max The field is mandatory present if dl-CarrierFreq-r10 is included and set to maxEARFCN. Otherwise the field is not present.
  • fullConfig This field is mandatory present for handover within E-UTRA when the fullConfig is included, otherwise it is optionally present, Need OP.
  • HO The field is mandatory present in case of handover within E-UTRA or to E-UTRA, otherwise the field is not present.
  • HO-Reestab This field is optionally present, need ON, in case of handover within E-UTRA or upon the first reconfig- uration after RRC connection re-establishment, other- wise the field is not present.
  • HO-toEUTRA The field is mandatory present in case of handover to E-UTRA or for reconfigurations when fullConfig is included, otherwise the field is optionally present, need ON.
  • nonHO The field is not present in case of handover within E-UTRA or to E-UTRA, otherwise it is optional present, need ON.
  • SCellAdd The field is mandatory present upon SCell addition, otherwise it is not present.
  • SCellAdd2 The field is mandatory present upon SCell addition, otherwise it is optionally present, need ON.
  • SCellIndex is related to a short identifier used to identify SCell.
  • SCellIndex information element may be represented as in the following Table 12.
  • MAC header includes a sub-header for activation/deactivation.
  • the MAC Control element 2 410 is activation/deactivation control information
  • the second MAC sub-header 420 is sub-header for activation/deactivation.
  • the second MAC sub-header 420 includes an LCID (e.g., LCID value “11011”) indicating that activation/deactivation is included in the MAC payload.
  • the activation/deactivation MAC control element is identified by a MAC PDU subheader with LCID as specified in table 6.2.1-1. It has a fixed size and consists of a single octet containing seven C-fields and one R-field.
  • the activation/deactivation MAC control element is defined as follows ( FIG. 6.1 . 3 . 8 - 1 ).
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B are views illustrating examples of an enhanced extended PHR control information format supporting up to 32 serving cells according to a third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are views illustrating examples of an MAC activation/deactivation control information format.
  • the MAC activation/deactivation control information format is the same as the first byte including the Ci fields shown in FIG. 3B .
  • Ci field value is set to 1 if PH information for SCell having corresponding SCellIndex i value is included or 0 if the PH information for SCell is not included, while in FIG. 6B it is set to 1 when the SCell having the corresponding SCellIndex i is activated and to 0 if the SCell is deactivated. That is, the scheme of adjusting the size of Ci fields proposed through FIG. 4 , FIGS. 5A and 5B , and FIGS.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal includes a transceiver 705 , a PH calculator 715 , a controller 710 , a multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 720 , a control message processor 735 , and various higher layer units 725 and 730 .
  • the transceiver 705 receives data and a predetermined control signal through a forward carrier and transmits data and a predetermined control signal through a backward carrier. When multiple carriers are aggregated, the transceiver 705 conducts communication of data and control signals through the multiple carriers.
  • the controller 710 instructs the multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 720 to configure MAC PDU according to scheduling information indicated by a control signal, e.g., a backward grant, provided from the transceiver 705 .
  • the multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 720 multiplexes data generated in the higher layer units 725 and 730 or the control message processor 735 or demultiplexes data received from the transceiver 705 and transfers the resultant data to a proper higher layer unit 725 and 730 , or the control message processor 735 .
  • the control message processor 735 processes control messages received from the network and performs necessary operations. For example, the control message processor 735 transfers the PHR parameters contained in the control message to the controller 710 or transfers information on carriers newly activated to the transceiver 705 so that the carriers are configured in the transceiver 705 .
  • the higher layer units 725 and 730 may be configured per service, and may process data generated in a user service such as file transfer protocol (FTP) or voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) to transfer the same to the multiplexing device or processes data transferred from the demultiplexing unit to transfer the same to a higher layer's service application.
  • a user service such as file transfer protocol (FTP) or voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) to transfer the same to the multiplexing device or processes data transferred from the demultiplexing unit to transfer the same to a higher layer's service application.
  • FTP file transfer protocol
  • VoIP voice over Internet protocol
  • FIG. 8 is a view illustrating the radio protocol structure in an LTE system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the LTE system wireless protocol includes packet data convergence protocols (PDCPs) 805 and 840 , radio link controls (RLCs) 810 and 835 , and medium access controls (MACs) 815 and 830 for the UE and ENB, respectively.
  • the PDCPs 805 and 840 are in charge of an operation such as compression/restoration.
  • the RLCs 810 and 835 reconfigure packet data units (PDUs) into a proper size and perform ARQ operations.
  • PDUs packet data units
  • the MACs 815 and 830 are connected to several RLC layer devices configured in one UE and multiplexes RLC PDUs into an MAC PDU and demultiplexes RCL PDUs from the MAC PDU.
  • the physical layers 820 and 825 channel-code and modulate higher layer data into OFDM symbols, transmit the OFDM symbols through a wireless channel or demodulates OFDM symbols received through a wireless channel, channel-decodes and transfers the same to a higher layer unit.
  • FIG. 9 is a view illustrating enhanced carrier aggregation for a terminal.
  • a “UE receives data through a forward carrier or transmits data through a backward carrier” also means that “data is communicated using a control channel and data channel corresponding to a frequency band and center frequency specifying the carriers.
  • one SCell 920 may add PUCCH.
  • the SCell having PUCCH is called PUCCH SCell.
  • PUCCH SCell the SCell having PUCCH
  • all, PUCCH-related signaling is delivered through Pcell to the base station.
  • PUCCH SCell the SCell having PUCCH
  • a group 935 of cells using the PUCCH of the Pcell there are distinguished a group 935 of cells using the PUCCH of the Pcell and a group of cells using the PUCCH of a particular SCell.
  • such group is called a PUCCH cell group.
  • FIG. 10 is a view illustrating a process of activating PUCCH SCell when following a normal SCell activation process.
  • FIG. 11 is a view illustrating an example of a legacy A/D MAC CE format.
  • the A/D MAC CE has a fixed size and includes seven Ci fields 1100 and one reserved (R) field 1105 .
  • the base station transmits the A/D MAC CE to activate or deactivate the SCells configured for one terminal.
  • Each Ci field corresponds to one SCell. That is, one Ci field corresponds to an SCell denoted with SCellIndex i. The value being 1 indicates to activate the corresponding SCell, and the value of 0 indicates to deactivate the corresponding SCell.
  • the legacy A/D MAC CE format may represent up to seven serving cells. Accordingly, as the number of serving cells rises up to 32, all of the serving cells cannot be represented. Thus, a four-byte A/D MAC CE is newly defined. Since the Pcell is always in the activated state, it is excluded from the A/D MAC CE. Accordingly, information regarding activation or deactivation may be given to a total of 32 serving cells. There may be various extended A/D MAC CE formats depending on the position of the R bit. FIG. 12( a ) or 12 ( b ) shows an example. When the first byte is identical to the legacy A/D MAC CE, it would have the form shown in FIG. 12( a ) .
  • each Ci field corresponds to one SCell. Also, one Ci field corresponds to an SCell denoted with SCellIndex i.
  • FIG. 13 is a view illustrating a method for selecting a normal or extended A/D MAC CE according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal 1300 camps on one serving cell ( 1310 ).
  • the “camps on” means that the terminal 1300 syncs with the base station 1305 is in a communicable state for basic control information for communication with the base station on a particular frequency band through the process of receiving master information block (MIB) such as physical broadcast channel (PBCH) and system information block (SIB) such as physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).
  • MIB master information block
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • SIB system information block
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • the terminal receives an RRC connection reconfiguration message including the configuration information and then identifies configuration information regarding various types of SCells. When configured, it configures normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, and LAA SCell and deems the cells as deactivated. In contrast, it completes the association/authentication procedure for the Wi-Fi SCell and deems the Wi-Fi server as activated.
  • the base station determines the A/D MAC CE format to be used to activate or deactivate at least one SCell for the terminal as per predetermined rules ( 1335 ).
  • the predetermined rules are as follows.
  • a first rule When the number of the remaining SCells other than the Wi-Fi SCell is seven or less, the legacy A/D MAC CE format is used. Otherwise, when the number of the remaining SCells exceeds seven, the extended A/D MAC CE format is used.
  • a second rule When the highest SCellIndex value of the remaining SCells other than the Wi-Fi SCell is seven or less, the legacy A/D MAC CE format is used. Otherwise, when the highest SCellIndex value exceeds seven, the extended A/D MAC CE format is used.
  • the A/D MAC CE format to be used to activate or deactivate at least one SCell for the terminal may be determined by applying at least one of the two rules.
  • the base station upon selecting the legacy A/D MAC CE, transmits the legacy A/D MAC CE to the terminal ( 1340 ), and upon selecting the extended A/D MAC CE, the base station transmits the extended A/D MAC CE to the terminal ( 1345 ).
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the base station performs an RRC connection establishment process with the terminal for data communication ( 1400 ).
  • the base station obtains terminal capability information from the terminal ( 1405 ).
  • the base station transmits an RRC connection reconfiguration message to the terminal for reconfiguration ( 1410 ).
  • the RRC message may include information necessary to configure a plurality of SCells in the terminal.
  • the configuration information may include configuration information on normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, LAA SCell, and Wi-Fi SCell.
  • the base station triggers activation or deactivation for at least one of the SCells configured in the terminal ( 1415 ).
  • the base station determines whether to use the legacy A/D MAC CE or extended A/D MAC CE under predetermined rules ( 1420 ).
  • the legacy A/D MAC CE format is used ( 1425 ). Otherwise, when the highest SCellIndex value is more than seven, the extended format is used ( 1430 ).
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal camps on one serving cell ( 1500 ).
  • the terminal performs an RRC connection configuration process with the base station for data communication ( 1505 ).
  • the terminal transmits its capability information to the base station ( 1510 ).
  • the terminal receives an RRC connection reconfiguration message from the base station ( 1515 ).
  • the RRC message may include information necessary to configure a plurality of SCells in the terminal.
  • the configuration information may include configuration information on normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, LAA SCell, and Wi-Fi SCell.
  • the terminal applies the received configuration information and configures normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, and LAA SCell, and then deems the cells as deactivated ( 1520 ).
  • the terminal completes the association/authentication procedure for the Wi-Fi SCell and deems the Wi-Fi server as activated.
  • the terminal receives the A/D MAC CE indicating whether at least one of the SCells configured in the terminal is activated or deactivated and determines whether the A/D MAC CE is the legacy A/D MAC CE or the extended A/D MAC CE ( 1525 ).
  • the terminal maintains the current state (activated or deactivated state) for the SCells with an SCellIndex value larger than seven ( 1530 ).
  • the terminal disregards the Ci field corresponding to the Wi-Fi SCell and maintains the current state of the Wi-Fi SCell ( 1535 ).
  • the terminal activates or deactivates the normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, and LAA SCell according to the corresponding Ci field ( 1540 ).
  • the terminal When the terminal receives the extended A/D MAC CE, the terminal disregards the Ci field corresponding to the Wi-Fi SCell and maintains the current state ( 1545 ). The terminal activates or deactivates the normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, and LAA SCell according to the Ci fields corresponding to thereto ( 1550 ).
  • FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal communicates, e.g., data with a higher layer unit 1605 , communicates control messages through a control message processor 1607 , and the terminal, upon transmission, multiplexes data through a multiplexer 1603 under the control of the controller 1609 and then transmits the data through a transmitter, and the terminal, upon reception, receives physical signals through a receiver under the control of the controller 1609 and then demultiplexes the received signals through a demultiplexer 1603 and transfers the signals to the higher layer unit 1605 or control message processor 1607 according to each message information.
  • the transceiver 1613 receives data and a predetermined control signal through a forward carrier and transmits data and a predetermined control signal through a backward carrier.
  • control message controller 1607 when the control message controller 1607 receives the A/D MAC CE, it provides the same to the SCell activation/deactivation processor 1611 .
  • the SCell activation/deactivation processor 1611 maintains the current state (activated or deactivated state) for the SCells with an SCellIndex value larger than seven if the received A/D MAC CE is the legacy A/D MAC CE.
  • the SCell activation/deactivation processor 1611 disregards the Ci field corresponding to the Wi-Fi SCell for the SCells with an SCellIndex value from one to seven and maintains the current state of the Wi-Fi SCell. Further, the SCell activation/deactivation processor 1611 activates or deactivates the normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, and LAA SCell according to the corresponding Ci field ( 1540 ) among the SCells with an SCellIndex value from one to seven.
  • the SCell activation/deactivation processor 1611 disregards the Ci field corresponding to the Wi-Fi SCell and maintains the current state.
  • the SCell activation/deactivation processor 1611 activates or deactivates the normal SCell, PUCCH SCell, and LAA SCell according to the Ci field corresponding thereto.
  • radio communication technology has sharply advanced, and accordingly, communication system techniques have evolved over and over.
  • LTE system standardized by the 3GPP standardization organization gains more attention as 4th-generation mobile communication technology.
  • MTC terminal refers to, e.g., a machine that may perform communication on its own (e.g., at a predetermined time every month) rather than directly manipulated by a human, such as an electricity or water meter for billing, and such terminal commonly means devices to which access may be attempted with lower priority as in the above examples.
  • MTC terminals terminals used for such purposes as those of the meter oftentimes do not require high-capability data transmission and may have lower transmit power. Further, although having the same reception capability, such terminals may be placed in an area with poor communication environment, such as basement or storage room.
  • CE coverage extension or extended coverage
  • a separate additional transmission method e.g., repetitive transmission
  • the network broadcasts system information necessary for the terminal to access.
  • system information should be inevitably received by the MTC terminal requiring broader coverage.
  • MTC terminals may adopt a narrow frequency band of 1.4 MHz for lower-price supply.
  • Existing LTE frequency bands may be set in various ranges, from 1.4 MHz up to 20 MHz.
  • a 10 MHz frequency band is primarily used to increase system capability and data rate. Accordingly, a need exists for a method for serving MTC terminals supporting only 1.4 MHz frequency band even in the 10 MHz frequency band.
  • the MTC terminal is characterized to support coverage extension and use the 1.4 MHz frequency band. According to the present disclosure, a method of supporting access of MTC terminal is proposed considering the above features.
  • the MTC terminal should be supplied at a lower price, and thus, it is highly likely to be equipped with a lower-capability receiver. Further, the MTC terminal may be installed in an area where it is difficult for common users to access according to purposes of use. This means that it may be placed out of existing LTE coverage that is configured considering the distribution of common users or track along which they move. Accordingly, coverage needs to be extended for MTC terminal. Despite the above-enumerated causes, a method for extending coverage is to increasing the rate of successful reception by repeatedly transmitting the same data. All signals, such as control channel or data channel, as well as system information broadcast by the base station would be repetitively transmitted.
  • FIG. 17 is a view illustrating a process of obtaining system information from a base station and performing access by a machine-type communication device.
  • the MTC terminal 1700 receives MIB 1710 broadcast from the base station 1705 .
  • the existing MIB transmits the same information every 10 ms in a 40 ms period. That is, after the MIB is received four times in total within the 40 ms period, decoding is attempted. However, the MTC terminal, although repetitively receiving the MIB four times, would be highly likely to fail to decode it. Accordingly, more repeated transmission of the MIB is needed within 40 ms.
  • Normal terminals receive existing MIB only as they do, and MTC terminals should receive additional repeatedly transmitted MIB as well as existing MIB. The additional MIBs repeatedly transmitted contain the same information as the existing MIB.
  • the bits not used in the existing may be used to support the MIB terminal.
  • the existing MIB contains downlink (DL) system frequency bandwidth, system frame number (SFN), and PHICH configuration information.
  • the MIB includes ten bits not used, and they may be used for the MTC terminal. The following information may be included using the 10 bits.
  • the indicator may be constituted of one or two bits.
  • the indicator is configured of one bit, if the indicator is set to TRUE, it indicates that the base station may support 1.4 MHz of the CE of the MTC terminal.
  • the indicator is configured of two bits, one of the bits indicates whether the base station may support the CE of the MTC terminal, and the other one bit indicates whether the base station may support 1.4 MHz of the MTC terminal.
  • CFI information is information transferred to terminal through original PCFICH channel.
  • the CFI information indicates how many symbols are used for PDCCH.
  • the CFI information allows the terminal to be aware of the time point from which the PDSCH region starts in one serving frequency. Accordingly, the CFI information should be necessarily obtained by the MTC terminal.
  • the existing PCFICH channel is transmitted in the overall band, the MTC terminal that may receive only the 1.4 MHz band cannot receive the channel.
  • the CFI information is sent to the MTC terminal using the bit of the MIB not used, other than the existing PCFICH channel.
  • Value tag has an integer value within a range from 0 to X. If the system information provided from the base station varies, the value tag value is incremented by one. More specifically, the time when the value tag value is increased by one comes from the modification period right before the modification period when the varied system information starts to be broadcast with respect to the long-period modification period that applies only to the MTC terminal. This is to previously notify the MTC terminal that the system information will be varied in the next modification period so that it may prepare for it.
  • 1.4 MHz bands for MTC terminal may be present in the system frequency band.
  • the MTC terminal may use the plurality of 1.4 MHz bands while hopping over time. Accordingly, the number of subbands being used in the cell and hopping pattern information of each subband are provided. Additionally, there may also be included subband information where SIB y is broadcast to provide system information necessary for the MTC terminal. Or, it may also be defined that SIB y is transmitted in the subband including a central carrier frequency in a predetermined subband, e.g., downlink frequency band, implicitly or in case no signaling is made.
  • a predetermined subband e.g., downlink frequency band
  • MTC EPDCCH means EPDCCH for MTC terminal.
  • the MTC terminal may receive only 1.4 MHz band, and thus, cannot receive existing PDCCH in the cell using a downlink system frequency band larger than that. Accordingly, EPDCCH instead of PDCCH should come in use.
  • the terminal includes repetitive transmission information upon PRACH operation.
  • the terminal determines the number of times of repetitive transmission of preamble based on the information. It has three types of PRACH repetition levels, and the number of times of repetitive transmission is mapped to each level.
  • the MTC terminal belongs to one of the levels as per a predetermined rule and performs repetitive transmission as many as the number of times defined according to the level it belongs.
  • PRACH radio resource information is also included for the MTC terminal per subband.
  • At least one of the above-enumerated information items is included.
  • the system capability information, CFI, and value tag information only may be included in the existing MIB, while the remaining information may be included in the SIB for MTC.
  • the system information that is not included in the MIB but is necessary for MTC terminal may be included in a new SIB x 1715 for MTC.
  • SIB x includes scheduling information of SIB including common system information for MTC and information not included in the MIB among the above enumerated information items.
  • SIB x is transmitted through a predetermined radio resource without the need of first reading the EPDCCH. Or, the EPDCCH having the scheduling information of SIB x may have been previously determined.
  • SIB x includes the scheduling information of EPDCCH indicating SIB y including the system information for normal MTC, and the MTC terminal sequentially receives SIB y 1720 using the information.
  • SIB y is a new MTC-dedicated SIB including only information necessary for MTC among the information included in existing SIB 1 to SIB 17 .
  • SIB 1 to SIB 5 , SIB 14 information are required for MTC terminal as well, and the information not needed among them or permitted size of list may be restricted to reduce the size of SIB y.
  • the size of one SIB needs to be restricted to reduce excessive repetitive transmission. For example, it may be limited to 300 to 400 bits or to the maximum 1000 bits. Accordingly, in case information necessary for MTC is not small, there may be a plurality of SIB y's. A process of obtaining system information for MTC is described in further detail in the following embodiments.
  • the MTC terminal having obtained system information attempts random access ( 1725 ).
  • the MTC terminal uses a PRACH radio resource for MTC terminal only that is separated from the PRACH radio resource used by normal terminal. This is why the MTC terminal may use limited 1.4 MHz band alone. That is, it may be using the frequency band not including the existing PRACH radio resource.
  • the PRACH radio resource is needed to maintain the rate of successful access by common users.
  • the base station may grasp whether the terminal having transmitted the preamble is the MTC terminal based on the PRACH radio resource where the preamble has been transmitted.
  • the MTC terminal will repetitively transmit the preamble, and the random access response (RAR) 1730 transmitted from the base station is also repetitively transmitted.
  • Msg 3 may send capability information of the MTC terminal ( 1735 ). If a separate PRACH radio resource is operated for the MTC terminal, there is no need for Msg 3 to send the capability information.
  • the MTC terminal may provide the capability information regarding the terminal through an RRC process providing the capability information to the base station ( 1740 ).
  • FIG. 18 is a view illustrating a method of obtaining system information from a base station by a machine-type communication device according to a fifth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the fifth embodiment includes necessary system information and features the existence of new SIB x for MTC terminal transmitted through a predetermined radio resource.
  • SIB x is transmitted through the predetermined radio resource, and it is unnecessary to previously read EPDCCH.
  • Legacy MIB 1810 is transmitted through the first subframe 1805 of each frame 1800 according to the prior art.
  • the legacy MIB having the same information is transmitted four times in total for 40 ms.
  • additional information may add to the legacy MIB.
  • the additional information includes system capacity information or CFI.
  • the MTC terminal may fail to successfully decode with the legacy MIB transmitted four times for 40 ms.
  • another MIB 1815 including the same information as the MIB is additionally and repetitively transmitted while avoiding radio resources transmitting the legacy MIB within 40 ms.
  • the additionally repeatedly transmitted MIB 1815 is transmitted through a predetermined radio resource like the legacy MIB, and it is transmitted in the middle 1.4 MHz frequency of the frequency band, but temporally uses other radio resource and thus does not overlap the legacy MIB.
  • the MIB 1815 is not transmitted through uplink subframe or MBSFN subframe in TDD.
  • the MTC terminal having obtained the system information transmitted from the MIB within 40 ms may use the CIF information included in the MIB to grasp the position that PDSCH starts in the subframe.
  • the MTC terminal receives SIB x 1820 transmitted through a predetermined radio resource in the PDSCH region.
  • SIB x also includes system information necessary for the MTC terminal. That is, SIB y may include at least one of the following pieces of information.
  • ARB legacy access class barring
  • SSAC service specific access control
  • EAB extended access barring
  • MTC emergency call The one bit indicator for the MTC emergency call is used to indicate whether the cell permits the MTC terminal emergency call.
  • the MTC EPDCCH contains scheduling information of other SIB.
  • SIB x is also repeatedly transmitted over several subframes to support CE.
  • the MTC terminal having succeeded in decoding information of SIB x receives MTC EPDCCH using the scheduling information of EPDCCH included in SIB x.
  • MTC EPDCCH is also repeatedly transmitted to support CE.
  • the MTC EPDCCH contains scheduling information of SIB y including general system information necessary for MTC terminal.
  • the MTC terminal receives SIB y repeatedly transmitted using the scheduling information of SIB y from the EPDCCH.
  • SIB y includes general system information necessary to support MTC terminal.
  • FIG. 19 is a view illustrating a method of obtaining system information from a base station by a machine-type communication device according to a sixth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure features that EPDCCH indicating scheduling information of new SIB y for MTC terminal including necessary or general system information is transmitted at a predefined radio resource position.
  • Legacy MIB 1910 is transmitted through the first subframe 1905 of each frame 1900 according to the prior art.
  • the legacy MIB having the same information is transmitted four times in total for 40 ms.
  • system capacity information, CFI, or Mapping information on repeated transmission of MTC EPDCCH is additionally included in the MIB.
  • the MTC terminal may fail to successfully decode with the legacy MIB transmitted four times for 40 ms.
  • another MIB 1915 including the same information as the MIB is additionally and repetitively transmitted while avoiding radio resources transmitting the legacy MIB within 40 ms.
  • the additionally repeatedly transmitted MIB 1915 is transmitted through a predetermined radio resource like the legacy MIB, and it is transmitted in the middle 1.4 MHz frequency of the frequency band, but temporally uses other radio resource and thus does not overlap the legacy MIB. Further, the MIB 1915 is not transmitted through uplink subframe or MBSFN subframe in TDD.
  • the MTC terminal having obtained the system information transmitted from the MIB within 40 ms may use the CIF information included in the MIB to grasp the position that PDSCH starts in the subframe.
  • the MTC terminal receives MTC EPDCCH 1920 transmitted through a predetermined radio resource in the PDSCH region.
  • FIG. 20 is a view illustrating an MTC EPDCCH transmitted through a predetermined radio resource according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 20 illustrates one subframe 2000 including a plurality of subbands 2015 , 2020 , and 2025 for MTC terminal.
  • a few first slots in the subframe are an existing PDCCH region 2005 .
  • the PDCCH information of PDCCH region cannot read MTC terminals. This is why PDCCH should be transmitted over the overall downlink frequency band to obtain the PDCCH information.
  • an MTC EPDCCH is required which may function as existing PDCCH in the 1.4 MHz band.
  • the position of the MTC EPDCCH radio resource may be previously determined or set through MIB or SIB. If it is predetermined, scheduling of MTC EPDCCH radio resource is not needed, and thus, signaling overhead may be reduced.
  • a few slots subsequent to the existing PDCCH region are previously defined as radio resource region of MTC EPDCCH 2010 .
  • the frequency bandwidth where MTC EPDCCH is transmitted is the same as the subband width, 1.4 MHz.
  • the information provided by the MTC EPDCCH becomes the scheduling information of MTC terminal using the subband where the MTC EPDCCH is transmitted. Or, through additional scheduling, it may be used to provide scheduling information of MTC terminal using other subband.
  • SIB y may be transmitted only through a predetermined particular subband, or information on the subband where SIB y is broadcast may be obtained from MIB.
  • the MTC terminal attempts to receive MTC EPDCCH transmitted through the predetermined radio resource in the subband where SIB y is broadcast.
  • MTC EPDCCH is also repeatedly transmitted over several subframes to support CE.
  • the MTC EPDCCH contains scheduling information of SIB y 1925 for MTC terminal.
  • the MTC terminal having succeeded in decoding MTC EPDCCH information uses the scheduling information of SIB y included in the MTC EPDCCH to receive SIB y.
  • SIB y is also repeatedly transmitted to support CE.
  • SIB y contains general or necessary system information for the MTC terminal. SIB y has at least one of the following pieces of information.
  • FIG. 21 is a view illustrating a method of obtaining system information from a base station by a machine-type communication device according to a seventh embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure features that new SIB y for MTC terminal including necessary or general system information is transmitted at a predefined fixed radio resource position.
  • Legacy MIB 2110 is transmitted through the first subframe 2105 of each frame 2100 according to the prior art.
  • the legacy MIB having the same information is transmitted four times in total for 40 ms.
  • system capacity information, CFI, or information on repeated transmission of SIB y is additionally included in the MIB.
  • the MTC terminal may fail to successfully decode with the legacy MIB transmitted four times for 40 ms.
  • another MIB 2115 including the same information as the MIB is additionally and repetitively transmitted while avoiding radio resources transmitting the legacy MIB within 40 ms.
  • the additionally repeatedly transmitted MIB 2115 is transmitted through a predetermined radio resource like the legacy MIB, and it is transmitted in the middle 1.4 MHz frequency of the frequency band, but temporally uses other radio resource and thus does not overlap the legacy MIB. Further, the MIB 2115 is not transmitted through uplink subframe or MBSFN subframe in TDD.
  • the MTC terminal having obtained the system information transmitted from the MIB within 40 ms may use the CIF information included in the MIB to grasp the position that PDSCH starts in the subframe.
  • the MTC terminal receives SIB y 2120 transmitted through a predetermined radio resource in the PDSCH region.
  • SIB y is also repeatedly transmitted over several subframes to support CE.
  • SIB y contains general or necessary system information for the MTC terminal.
  • SIB y has at least one of the following pieces of information.
  • System information for MTC terminal may be updated as well. Accordingly, the base station should inform the MTC terminal that system information has been updated so that the MTC terminal may obtain new system information.
  • the existing process of updating system information is not proper for MTC terminal.
  • the existing process of updating system information is performed with respect to modification period. That is, the base station broadcasts updated system information at the time that modification period is about to start.
  • the base station informs the terminal that the updated system information is to be transmitted in the next modification period in the previous modification period through a paging message.
  • the MTC terminal requiring CE mode should repeatedly receive the information to receive the information transmitted from the base station. This means that it takes a significant time to successfully decode particular information.
  • the existing modification period cannot exceed up to 10.24 seconds.
  • the MTC terminal in the CE mode should repeatedly receive this to receive the paging message. Accordingly, the MTC terminal would be highly likely to fail to successfully decode the paging message informing the update of the system information within one cycle of the modification period.
  • FIG. 22 is a view illustrating a method of updating system information according to an eighth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a modification period 2200 having a very long period for MTC terminal unlike the existing modification period is separately defined.
  • the existing modification period cannot be set to be longer than the existing SFN period. Accordingly, the SFN period should be definitely determined to set a modification period that is longer than, at least, the SFN period, for the MTC terminal.
  • the determined SFN period applies only to MTC terminal, and normal terminals need not obtain that.
  • Additional bits along with the SFN information provided in the existing MIB are defined to provide an SFN having an extended period applying only to MTC terminal.
  • the added SFN bit information is included in MIB or SIBx or SIB y.
  • the modification period value is provided to the MTC terminal using MIB, SIBx or SIB y for MTC mentioned above.
  • the base station transmits a paging message 2215 to the MTC terminal to indicate that system information is to be updated in the next modification period in the previous modification period n 2200 .
  • the MTC terminal receives EPDCCH repeatedly transmitted in modification period n 2200 .
  • the EPDCCH includes, a repetition count of paging message, radio resource information where the paging message is transmitted, as well as the paging RNTI (P-RNTI). If the EPDCCH contains the P-RNTI, the paging message 2215 is received in the radio resource of the paging message indicated by the EPDCCH. If the paging message contains an indicator indicating that system information is to be updated in the next modification period, the MTC terminal receives the updated system information 2220 in the next modification period. The MTC terminal performs an operation of receiving paging message at least once every modification period.
  • FIG. 23 is a view illustrating a method of updating system information according to a ninth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the ninth embodiment applies a modification period having a very long period for MTC terminal.
  • the ninth embodiment of the present disclosure features using one IE, i.e., value tag, in MIB, SIB x, SIB y, or EPDCCH to indicate that system information is to be updated in the next modification period.
  • the value tag has an integer value in a range from 0 to X. Whenever system information is updated, it is incremented by one. The time when the value tag value is incremented by one is the modification period 2305 when updated system information starts to be broadcast or its previous modification period 2300 .
  • the MTC terminal decodes MIB, SIB or EPDCCH at least once each modification period and then compares the value tag value with a value tag value it stores.
  • the time when the updated system information is obtained is varied depending on the modification period when the value tag value is updated. That is, if the time when the value tag value is increased by one is the modification period 2305 when updated system information starts to be broadcast, the MTC terminal performs an operation of receiving the newly updated system information immediately when recognizing that the newly obtained value tag value is different from the one it stores. Otherwise, if the time when the value tag value is increased by one is the modification period 2300 right prior to the modification period 2305 when updated system information starts to be broadcast, the MTC terminal performs an operation of receiving the newly updated system information when the next modification period arrives after it recognizes that the newly obtained value tag differs from the one it stores.
  • the MTC terminal If the MTC terminal is back off the service shade area, it decodes MIB, SIB x, and SIB y or EPDCCH to obtain value tag information. Then, it compares it with the value tag value stored last, and if different, immediately performs an operation of receiving the updated system information. Then, it compares it with the value tag value stored last, and if the same, uses the existing system information as obtained.
  • the MTC terminal identifies value tag of MIB, SIB x, SIB y, or EPDCCH before attempting to access. It compares it with the value tag value stored last, and if different, immediately performs an operation of receiving the updated system information.
  • the MTC terminal abstains from identifying value tag of MIB, SIB x, SIB y, or EPDCCH if it does not attempt to access.
  • the modified method is proper for MTC terminal that transmits delay tolerant data and infrequently attempts to access. That is, for MTC terminal attempting access once or twice per month, checking as to whether system information has been updated every modification period is unnecessary. This is why it would not cause any trouble to obtain the latest most precise system information before access is attempted.
  • an operation of first obtaining MIB or SIB before access means that delay occurs until access is successfully set. However, when requesting a delay tolerant service, such delay would not be a major issue.
  • FIG. 24 is a view illustrating an existing RACH process and a method of computing RA-RNTI.
  • the terminal requiring access transmits a preamble in the PRACH radio resource 2400 .
  • the size of radio resource available may vary depending on whether FDD/TDD or mask, but the overall PRACH radio resource is divided into time slot and frequency slot.
  • An RA-RNTI value is determined depending on the position that the preamble transmission is started. The following is an equation used to calculate RA-RNTI.
  • RAR window 2435 starts.
  • RAR window is set to 2 ms to, up to, 10 ms.
  • the terminal monitors PDCCH within the RAR window and identifies whether the PDCCH has an RA-RNTI calculated from the position of transmission of the preamble. If there is the RA-RNTI, an RAR message is received from corresponding scheduling information.
  • the MTC terminal that is in the CE mode needs to repetitively transmit preambles and should repetitively receive RAR messages. Accordingly, the existing random access process is not proper for MTC terminal.
  • FIG. 25 is a view illustrating an RACH process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a process of performing RACH is proposed considering repetitive transmission of preambles and RAR messages.
  • the MTC terminal repetitively transmits preambles in the same time slot (t_id) and frequency slot (f_id) for each and every PRACH radio resource 2505 repeatedly allocated. Further, it uses the same preamble sequence (the same preamble ID) for each repetitive transmission.
  • the reason for using the same time slot (t_id) and frequency slot (f_id) is to make one RA-RNTI correspond to each MTC terminal attempting access. Further, the reason for using the same preamble sequence is to allow the base station to do soft combining on the preambles repeatedly received.
  • terminal 1 transmits a preamble in a particular radio resource 2510 , it transmits the same preamble in the same radio resource location upon next repetitive transmission.
  • the RA-RATI of terminal 1 is supposed to have one value 2525 without confusion.
  • the PRACH radio resource for MTC terminal is separated from the PRACH radio resource used by the normal terminal.
  • the PRACH radio resource information and repetitive transmission count of preamble used by the MTC terminal are provided from the MIB, SIB x or SIB y.
  • the MTC terminal determines whether there is the random access-radio network temporary identity (RA-RNTI)calculated by reflecting the location of the radio resource where the preamble has been transmitted from the EPDCCH 2540 . If the transmission of the last preamble is ended, there is a need for time to combine and process the preambles repeatedly received by the base station and configure EPDCCH (and RAR message). Accordingly, n predetermined subframes 2550 after the last preamble has been transmitted, an operation of receiving the MTC EPDCCH is performed.
  • RA-RNTI random access-radio network temporary identity
  • the MTC terminal receives the RAR message 2545 using the scheduling information indicated by the RA-RNTI. To support the MTC terminal that is in the CE mode, the RAR message is also repeatedly received. The RAR window is also extended due to the RAR message and EPDCCH repeatedly received. The extended RAR window value may be included in the MIB, SIB x or SIB y that may be then provided to the MTC terminal. Or, the MTC terminal may calculate the RAR window based on the information regarding the repetitive transmission count of RAR message and the EPDCCH included in the MIB, SIB x or SIB y.
  • FIG. 26 is a view illustrating a method of selecting a subband to be used for access by each machine-type communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the MTC terminal uses a limited frequency band of 1.4 MHz. Further, the 1.4 MHz band used may be subject to frequency hopping. Accordingly, existing PRACH radio resources that are provided for use of normal terminals might not be used. That is, in case the 1.4 MHz band does not include the existing PRACH radio resource, the MTC terminal cannot use the existing PRACH radio resource. Further, the base station need grasp the type of terminal attempting access from the accessing stage. For example, for MTC terminal supportive of CE mode, preambles transmitted from the terminal should be subject to soft combining. However, there is no way for the MTC terminal to be able to report its capacity to the base station before access.
  • each MTC terminal 2605 , 2610 , and 2615 should determine which subband of PRACH radio resource is to be used.
  • each MTC terminal may randomly select one subband.
  • Proposed is a method of selecting a subband according to information on necessary PRACH repetitive transmission count (PRACH repetition level) according to the present disclosure.
  • the MTC terminal determines the PRACH repetition level it belongs by a predetermined rule. There are three PRACH repetition levels in total, and the number of times of repetitive transmission of preamble or RAR message is determined for each level.
  • the PRACH repetitive transmission count corresponding to the repetition level is predetermined or set through the MIB, SIB x or SIB y.
  • the predetermined rule is as follows.
  • threshold 1 PBCH reception count ⁇ threshold 2 ⁇ PRACH repetition level 2
  • the pathloss difference between downlink and uplink and thresholds are predetermined or set through MIB, SIB x or SIB y.
  • one of the above-described methods is used and the MTC terminal having determined the PRACH repetition level performs RACH process using one of the subbands corresponding to the level.
  • the subbands are mapped to one of the levels.
  • the mapping information is set through the MIB, SIB x or SIB y.
  • the reason for mapping is to differentiate the repetitive transmission count necessary for each terminal with subbands on the base station position.
  • the base station cannot be aware which PRACH repetition level each MTC terminal has chosen.
  • the level applied to one terminal may be varied over time. In particular, for moving MTC terminals, the level would be frequently varied. However, the base station should be aware of the level to perform PRACH operation.
  • mapping each subband with the level would allow the base station to easily grasp the level of the terminal depending on the subband through which the MTC terminal transmits preamble.
  • a higher PRACH repetition level (level requiring more count of repetitive transmission) may be allocated to a subband using a lower frequency band.
  • R-criterion is used as follows. Rs applies to serving cell, and Rn applies to neighbor cell.
  • the terminal compares the calculated values and performs reselection through the cell with the highest (rank) value.
  • cell to be reselected is determined merely based on the above-described rank value.
  • whether to support the feature should also be taken into account for the wireless network where base stations that support MTC CE or RBW and base stations that do not co-exist. For example, assuming that there are a cell having the largest rank value but unable to support CE mode and a cell having a rank value smaller than the cell but able to support CE mode, the latter cell would be better for MTC terminal that is under poor cell environments but supportive of CE mode.
  • the cell unable to support RBW despite having the largest rank value, is never useful for the MTC terminal supportive only of the 1.4 MHz band.
  • the rank values of cells considered like in the prior art are derived.
  • the MTC terminal supportive only of 1.4 MHz frequency band excludes cells unable to support that regardless of rank value. Further, it may exclude regardless of rank values depending on the measured signal quality and whether a particular cell supports CE.
  • FIG. 27 is a view illustrating an operation of a terminal reselecting a proper cell when reselecting a cell among cells belonging to a frequency with the same priority or the same frequency according to the present disclosure.
  • the terminal discovers a cell having the largest rank value using existing R-Criterion equation ( 2700 ).
  • the terminal determines whether it supports only 1.4 MHz reuse bandwidth (“RBW”) ( 2705 ). If supporting, the terminal identifies whether the cell having the largest rank value supports RBW ( 2710 ). The terminal determines whether to support ( 2715 ). If not supporting, the terminal excludes the considered cell from reselection candidates and selects a cell having the next largest rank value and then repeats the operations ( 2725 ). If supporting, the terminal identifies whether the considered cell is supportive of CE mode ( 2720 ). The terminal determines whether to support ( 2730 ).
  • the terminal determines whether the measured channel quality is good enough to allow it to operate in the normal mode not in the CE mode ( 2740 ). If the channel quality requires CE mode, the terminal excludes the considered cell from the reselection candidates and selects ( 2725 ) a cell having he second largest rank value and goes back to operation 2710 . If supportive, the terminal determines whether to connect to the cell in the normal mode or in the CE mode considering the current channel quality ( 2735 ). The terminal determines whether it is connected in a normal mode or CE mode ( 2745 ). If connected in the CE mode, the terminal performs cell reselection in the CE mode ( 2750 ). The MTC terminal, if requiring access, will attempt to access in the CE mode.
  • the terminal performs cell reselection in the normal mode ( 2755 ).
  • the MTC terminal if requiring access, will attempt to access in the normal mode.
  • the MTC terminal continues to perform cell measurement and repeats the above-described operations to perform reselection in the optimal cell.
  • the preamble is randomly selected by the terminal.
  • the preamble to be used by the terminal is indicated by the network using dedicated signaling means.
  • the preamble is reserved by the base station (a network entity) for the corresponding terminal.
  • a contention based random access procedure is described in detail with reference to FIG. 28 .
  • FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a contention-based random access procedure used in an LTE system.
  • the terminal 2801 performs random access by conducting the following procedure upon initial access to the base station, re-access, handover, or in other various situations requiring random access.
  • the terminal 2801 transmits a random access preamble through a physical channel for random access for accessing the base station 2803 ( 2811 ).
  • the preamble may be one randomly selected by the terminal or a particular preamble designated by the base station.
  • the random access preamble is included in Msg 1 , and the Msg 1 message is transmitted from the terminal to the base station.
  • the random access preamble may be any one of the 64 available preamble sequences associated with each cell.
  • the base station When the base station receives the random access preamble, the base station transmits an RAR message (Msg 2 ) therefor to the terminal ( 2813 ).
  • the RAR message contains the identifier information on the preamble used in operation 2801 , uplink transmission timing correction information, uplink resource allocation information to be used in operation 2815 , and temporary terminal identifier information.
  • the terminal When receiving the RAR message, the terminal transmits different messages depending on the above-described purposes in the resource allocated to the RAR message ( 2815 ). For example, in case of initial access, a message of radio resource control (RRC) layer, i.e., RRCConnectionRequest, is transmitted, and in case of re-access, a RRCConnectionReestablishmentRequest message is transmitted, and in case of handover, a RRCConnectionReconfigurationComplete message is transmitted.
  • RRC radio resource control
  • the base station re-transmits the message received in operation 2815 to the terminal as UE Contention Resolution Identity MAC CE message ( 2817 ) to inform the terminal that random access procedure has succeeded.
  • FIG. 29 is a view illustrating a frame structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the subband Through the subband, information necessary for terminals in the cell to perform basic operations, such as MIB and SIB, is transmitted to transmit information regarding whether the corresponding cell supports the narrowband MTC terminal and information regarding the subbands 2901 , 2903 , 2905 , 2911 , 2913 , and 2915 where the narrowband MTC terminal operates.
  • the subbands may be provided in pairs. For example, there may be downlink 2901 and uplink 2911 corresponding to subband 1 , downlink 2903 and uplink 2913 corresponding to subband 2 , and downlink 2905 and uplink 2915 corresponding to subband N.
  • FIG. 30 is a flowchart illustrating a message flow of a random access procedure of an MTC terminal as proposed on the frame structure described in connection with FIG. 29 according to a tenth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal 3001 supporting only narrowband frequency first checks if the base station supports the terminal in order to access the base station 3003 ( 3011 ).
  • MTC terminal the terminal supporting only narrowband frequency as described above
  • the present disclosure is not limited to MTC, and it may refer to all types of terminals supporting only narrowband frequency.
  • the terminal may identify that the base station transmitting the MIB supports the MTC terminal and may continue to perform access procedure.
  • the terminal determines that it cannot access the base station and thus the base station is blocked and attempts to access other base station with the same frequency or cell/base station with other frequency.
  • the terminal receives system information such as SIB 1 3013 or SIB 2 3015 to receive PRACH information and MTC subbands ( 2901 , 2903 , 2905 , 2911 , 2913 , and 2915 of FIG. 29 ) information of the current base station. Further, it may additionally transmit an indicator indicating whether access to the MTC subband has been blocked in SIB 1 or SIB 2 ( 3015 ). This is for preventing congestion in a particular MTC subband.
  • the terminal determines the MTC subband at which the terminal is to operate and varies the downlink and uplink frequencies with the selected MTC subband ( 3017 ).
  • the terminal has selected subband 2 ( 2903 and 2913 of FIG. 29 ).
  • the scenario according to this embodiment assumes that a separate PRACH is present for each subband.
  • RSRP strength may be considered.
  • the terminal selects preamble for transmission ( 3019 ) and transmits the selected preamble ( 3031 ).
  • the transmitted preamble may be the same as existing one defined in LTE system, or may be a preamble additionally defined for MTC terminal.
  • the PRACH may additionally receive a preamble identifier group used by the MTC terminal from SIB 2 and select one preamble of the group and transmit it.
  • the base station transmits a response message thereto, RAR message ( 3033 ), and when receiving the RAR message, the terminal transmits Msg 3 according to the information included in the RAR message, as described above in connection with FIG. 28 ( 3035 ).
  • the terminal shares the PRACH with the normal terminal in operation 3031 and transmits one same preamble, when transmitting Msg 3 , it may include a separate uplink logical channel identifier in the header and transmit it.
  • the uplink logical channel identifier used is proposed to use one in a range from 0b01011 to 0b11000.
  • the terminal before until shifting to idle mode (RRC_IDLE state) in the future, performs random access on the MTC subband it currently operates to communicate with the base station when it requires random access operation ( 3041 ).
  • FIG. 31 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal to which the tenth embodiment of the random access procedure of the MTC terminal applies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the MTC terminal in RRC_IDLE mode selects a cell through cell selection or cell reselection process ( 3101 ) and syncs with the selected cell and receives MIB information ( 3103 ).
  • the terminal in order to inform whether the base station supports MTC terminal, it is proposed to add a predetermined indicator to the MIB, and in case the predetermined indicator is added ( 3105 ), the terminal may continue to perform access procedure by identifying that the base station transmitting the MIB supports the MTC terminal. However, in case the base station does not support MTC terminal, the terminal determines that the corresponding has been blocked and performs a procedure of selecting other cell ( 3109 ).
  • the terminal additionally receives SIB 1 and SIB 2 from the base station ( 3107 ).
  • SIB 1 and SIB 2 contains PRACH information on the current base station and MTC subband (( 2901 )( 2903 )( 2905 )( 2911 )( 2913 )( 2915 ) in FIG. 29 ) information, and according to the present disclosure, additionally, an indicator indicating whether access to the MTC subband is blocked may be transmitted through SIB 1 or SIB 2 . This is for preventing congestion in a particular MTC subband.
  • the terminal selects an unblocked MTC subband (MTC subband 2 2903 or 2913 in FIG. 29 ) randomly or by a predetermined method utilizing the terminal identifier and varies the operation frequency into the corresponding frequency ( 3111 ). Thereafter, as described above in connection with FIG. 28 , random access is performed ( 3113 ). Having succeeded in random access ( 3115 ), the terminal continues to operate on the corresponding MTC subband, and before until shifting to idle mode (RRC_IDLE state) in the future, performs random access on the MTC subband it currently operates to communicate with the base station when it requires random access operation ( 3117 ). Upon failure to the random access procedure ( 3115 ), the terminal selects or reselects another cell ( 3131 ).
  • RRC_IDLE state shifting to idle mode
  • FIG. 32 is a view illustrating a frame structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the vertical axis denotes the frequency
  • the horizontal axis denotes the time.
  • N independent bands are shown that may be used by narrowband MTC terminal on downlink and uplink.
  • the subband Through the subband, information necessary for terminals in the cell to perform basic operations, such as MIB and SIB, is transmitted to transmit information regarding whether the corresponding cell supports the narrowband MTC terminal and information regarding the subbands 3201 , 3203 , 3205 , 3211 , 3213 , 3215 , and 3217 where the narrowband MTC terminal operates.
  • the subbands may be provided in pairs. For example, there may be downlink 3201 and uplink 3211 corresponding to subband 1 , downlink 3203 and uplink 3213 corresponding to subband 2 , and downlink 3205 and uplink 3215 corresponding to subband N.
  • PRACH is not present per uplink of each subband, and it is assumed that a separate subband is provided for random access commonly used by narrowband MTC terminals ( 3217 ). That is, it is assumed that narrowband MTC terminal, whenever needing random access, shifts its operation frequency to the subband 3217 for random access to transmit random access preamble.
  • FIG. 33 is a flowchart illustrating a message flow of a random access procedure of an MTC terminal as proposed on the frame structure described in connection with FIG. 32 according to an eleventh embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal 3301 supporting only narrowband frequency first checks if the base station supports the terminal in order to access the base station 3303 .
  • MTC terminal the terminal supporting only narrowband frequency as described above
  • the present disclosure is not limited to MTC, and it may refer to all types of terminals supporting only narrowband frequency.
  • the terminal may identify that the base station transmitting the MIB supports the MTC terminal and may continue to perform access procedure.
  • the terminal determines that it cannot access the base station and thus the base station is blocked and attempts to access other base station with the same frequency or cell/base station with other frequency.
  • the terminal receives system information such as SIB 1 3313 or SIB 2 3315 to receive PRACH information and MTC subbands ( 3201 , 3203 , 3205 , 3211 , 3213 , 3215 , and 3217 of FIG. 32 ) information of the current base station. Further, it may additionally transmit an indicator indicating whether access to the MTC subband has been blocked in SIB 1 or SIB 2 ( 3215 ). This is for preventing congestion in a particular MTC subband.
  • preamble groups are separated per subband.
  • preambles 1 to 10 may be used for MTC subband 1
  • preambles 11 to 20 may be used for MTC subband 2
  • the numbers are merely an example, and the base station transmits corresponding information to the terminal using SIB 1 or SIB 2 .
  • the terminal performing initial access selects a particular MTC subband through a predetermined method using the terminal's identifier or randomly among the currently unblocked MTC subbands of the base station and selects one preamble corresponding to the corresponding group ( 3321 ).
  • MTC subband 2 it is assumed that MTC subband 2 is selected, and accordingly, one preamble belonging to MTC subband 2 is selected. Meanwhile, if not initial access, one of preambles of the group corresponding to the corresponding subband is selected according to the MTC subband currently operated.
  • the terminal changes ( 3323 ) the uplink transmission frequency into subband ( 3217 in FIG. 32 ) for random access for transmission of preamble and transmits the selected preamble ( 3331 ).
  • the terminal changes ( 3333 ) the downlink frequency into the downlink subband ( 3103 in FIG. 31 ) where the transmitted preamble belongs and receives the RAR message ( 3335 ).
  • the base station allocates resource corresponding to the uplink ( 3113 of FIG. 31 ) of the corresponding group through the RAR message according to the group where the preamble received in operation 3331 is received.
  • the terminal Having received the RAR message, the terminal changes the uplink operation frequency into the corresponding MTC subband ( 3213 in FIG. 32 ) according to the preamble group transmitted in operation 831 and transmits Msg 3 as described above in connection with FIG. 28 ( 3339 ).
  • the terminal Having succeeded in random access according to the above procedure, the terminal, before until shifting to idle mode (RRC_IDLE state) in the future, selects the preamble corresponding to the MTC subband currently operated ( 3321 ) and performs random access according to the above-described procedure to communicate with the base station when it requires random access operation.
  • RRC_IDLE state idle mode
  • FIG. 34 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal to which the eleventh embodiment of the random access procedure of the MTC terminal applies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the MTC terminal in RRC_IDLE mode selects a cell through cell selection or cell reselection process ( 3401 ) and syncs with the selected cell and receives MIB information ( 3403 ).
  • the terminal in order to inform whether the base station supports MTC terminal, it is proposed to add a predetermined indicator to the MIB, and in case the predetermined indicator is added ( 3405 ), the terminal may continue to perform access procedure by identifying that the base station transmitting the MIB supports the MTC terminal. However, in case the base station does not support MTC terminal, the terminal determines that the corresponding has been blocked and performs a procedure of selecting other cell ( 3409 ).
  • the terminal additionally receives SIB 1 and SIB 2 from the base station ( 3407 ).
  • SIB 1 and SIB 2 contains PRACH information on the current base station and MTC subband (( 3201 )( 3203 )( 3205 )( 3211 )( 3213 )( 3215 )( 3217 ) in FIG. 32 ) information, and according to the present disclosure, additionally, an indicator indicating whether access to the MTC subband is blocked may be transmitted through SIB 1 or SIB 2 . This is for preventing congestion in a particular MTC subband.
  • the terminal selects a particular MTC subband through a predetermined method using the terminal's identifier or randomly among the currently unblocked MTC subbands of the base station according to the information received from SIB 1 and SIB 2 and selects one preamble corresponding to the corresponding group ( 3413 ).
  • MTC subband 2 it is assumed that MTC subband 2 is selected, and accordingly, one preamble belonging to MTC subband 2 is selected. Meanwhile, if not initial access, one of preambles of the group corresponding to the corresponding subband is selected according to the MTC subband currently operated ( 3415 ).
  • random access is performed ( 3417 ). Having succeeded in random access procedure, the terminal continues to operate on the corresponding MTC subband, and before until shifting to idle mode (RRC_IDLE state) in the future, selects the preamble corresponding to the MTC subband currently operated ( 3415 ) and performs random access ( 3417 ) according to the above-described procedure to communicate with the base station when it requires random access operation.
  • RRC_IDLE state shifting to idle mode
  • FIG. 35 is a flowchart illustrating a message flow of a random access procedure of an MTC terminal as proposed on the frame structure described in connection with FIG. 32 according to a twelfth embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal 3501 supporting only narrowband frequency first checks if the base station supports the terminal in order to access the base station 3503 .
  • MTC terminal the terminal supporting only narrowband frequency (e.g., 1.4 MHz) as described above is denoted MTC terminal for ease, the present disclosure is not limited to MTC, and it may refer to all types of terminals supporting only narrowband frequency.
  • it is proposed to add a predetermined indicator to MIB and in case the predetermined indicator is included, the terminal may identify that the base station transmitting the MIB supports the MTC terminal and may continue to perform access procedure.
  • the terminal determines that it cannot access the base station and thus the base station is blocked and attempts to access other base station with the same frequency or cell/base station with other frequency.
  • the terminal Having received the PRACH information and MTC subband information, the terminal changes ( 3521 ) uplink and downlink operation frequencies into random access subbands ( 3217 of FIG. 32 and downlink mapped thereto (e.g., 3207 of FIG. 7 )), selects any preamble ( 3523 ), and transmits the selected preamble through a preamble subband ( 3217 of FIG. 32 ) ( 3531 ).
  • the base station configures information on subband where the terminal is to operate in the future in the RAR message and transmits the same.
  • the terminal changes the uplink and downlink operation frequencies into the subbands as configured above ( 3535 ) and transmits Msg 3 as described in connection with FIG. 28 ( 3537 ) and operates on the corresponding MTC subband.
  • FIG. 36 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a terminal to which the twelfth embodiment of the random access procedure of the MTC terminal applies according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terminal Having successfully done the remaining random access procedure ( 3619 ), the terminal then continues to operate on the corresponding MTC subband ( 3621 ), and in case it requires random access in future connected state, includes the information on the MTC subband where it used to operate in the Msg 3 ( 3617 ) and operates to continue operation on the MTC subband where it originally used to.
  • the terminal communicates data with a higher layer unit 3710 and communicates control messages through a control message processor 3715 .
  • the terminal multiplexes control signals or data through a multiplexer 3705 under the control of controller 3720 when sending the control signals or data to the base station and transmits the data to through a transmitter 3700 .
  • the terminal upon reception, receives physical signals through the receiver 3700 under the control of the controller 3720 , demultiplexes the received signals through a demultiplexer 3705 , and transfers to the higher layer unit 3710 or control message processor 3715 depending on each message information.
  • SIB is such a control message.
  • the terminal consists of a plurality of blocks and each block performs a different function
  • this is merely an example, and is not limited thereto.
  • the function performed by the demultiplexer 1205 may be performed by the controller 1220 .
  • FIG. 38 is a block diagram illustrating an internal structure of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the base station may include a transceiver 3805 , a controller 3810 , a multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 3820 , a control message processor 3835 , various higher layer units 3825 and 3830 , and a scheduler 3815 .
  • the transceiver 3805 transmits data and a predetermined control signal through a forward carrier and receives data and a predetermined control signal through a backward carrier. When multiple carriers are configured, the transceiver 3805 conducts communication of data and control signals through the multiple carriers.
  • the multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 3820 multiplexes data generated in the higher layer units 3825 and 1330 or the control message processor 3835 or demultiplexes data received from the transceiver 3805 and transfers the resultant data to a proper higher layer unit 3825 and 3830 , the control message processor 3835 , or the controller 3810 .
  • the control message processor 3835 may process control message transmitted from the UE and perform necessary operations, or generate control messages to be transferred to the UE and transfer the control messages to a lower layer.
  • the higher layer units 3825 and 1330 may be configured per UE or service, and may process data generated in a user service such as file transfer protocol (FTP) or voice over Internet protocol (VoIP) to transfer the same to the multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 3820 or processes data transferred from the multiplexing and demultiplexing unit 3820 to transfer the same to a higher layer unit's service application.
  • the scheduler 3815 allocates a transmission resource to the UE at a proper time considering, e.g., the buffer state, channel state, and active time of the UE and processes the transceiver to process the signal transmitted from the UE or to transmit a signal to the UE.
  • the use of the method proposed enables seamless communication and support of random access so that the MTC terminal supportive of narrow-band frequency may access the base station operating at a wideband frequency.
  • a user may download a web application through the browser and may make a call using the identity (ID) of the recipient already known to the sender.
  • ID the identity of the recipient already known to the sender.
  • the recipient needs to have downloaded the same web application as that used by the sender or a web application at least interoperable with the sender's web application through his browser in order to receive the call.
  • the targeted recipient is expanded from the browser user who has downloaded a compatible web application to common mobile phone users or landline users. This is true on the position of the recipient.
  • basic WebRTC-based calling requires the sender to be the browser user who has downloaded a compatible web application
  • the 3GPP work enables common mobile phone users or landline users to make a call to the recipient registered in the IMS.
  • the IMS ID refers to an IMS public user ID (IMPU) and/or an IMS private user ID (IMPI).
  • IMPU IMS public user ID
  • IMPI IMS private user ID
  • Existing 3GPP release 12 tasks have primarily focused on standardizing the cases where the WIC may obtain the IMPU, IMPI, and/or their relevant IMS authentication information from the terminal/user itself such as the terminal's subscriber identification module (SIM) card and/or user input.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the WIC may obtain the IMPU, IMPI, and/or IMS authentication information from the terminal/user itself, calling need not rely on the browser. In this sense, the standardization loses its utility or applicability.
  • FIG. 39 is a flowchart illustrating a process of registering to an IMS by a WIC according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 39 may apply to, e.g.,
  • FIG. 39 illustrates a scenario according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the user may access the resources of the WebRTC web server function (WWSF) 3910 through the browser.
  • WWSF WebRTC web server function
  • the user may establish a connection with the WWSF 3910 through the hypertext transfer protocol over secure socket layer (HTTPS) protocol.
  • HTTPS secure socket layer
  • the browser may download a web application from the WWSF 3910 . Accordingly, the WIC 3900 may be activated.
  • the WWSF 3910 may authenticate the user in its own manner or interworking with the WebRTC authentication function (WAF) 3915 through at least one of various web authentication schemes.
  • An exemplary web authentication scheme is to use the user ID and password.
  • the WWSF 3910 and/or the WAF 3915 might not authenticate the user.
  • the WWSF 3910 may determine the IMPU and/or IMPI to be assigned to the user.
  • the assigned IMPU and/or IMPI may have a semi-permanent or temporary connection with the user. For example, the IMPU and/or IMPI assigned to the user who does not perform web authentication would be highly likely to be designed to have a temporary connection.
  • the IMPU and/or IMPI assigned to the user who performs web authentication may establish a semi-permanent connection with the user (or user ID).
  • the WAF 3915 may issue a token corresponding to the IMPU and/IMPI assigned by the WWSF 390 .
  • the WWSF 3910 may transfer the token issued by the WAF 395 to the WIC 3900 .
  • the WWSF 3910 may transfer an additional IMPU and/or IMPI assigned to the WIC 3900 .
  • the WIC 3900 may initiate a safe WebSocket connection with the enhanced P-CSCF (eP-CSCF) 3920 for WebRTC. Accordingly, the WIC 3900 may be taken as having done the preparation for registering in the eP-CSCF 3920 which is an IMS entity.
  • eP-CSCF enhanced P-CSCF
  • the WIC 3900 may send an IMS registration request message to the eP-CSCF 3920 .
  • the registration request message commonly includes the IMPU and/or IMPI.
  • the WIC 3900 may put the IMPU and/or IMPI in the registration request message. Otherwise, what information should be sent instead of the IMPU and/or IMPI and how need to be defined.
  • the header field e.g., username header field
  • for inserting the IMPI is not necessarily send, filled.
  • the header field (e.g., To, From) containing the IMPU in the registration request message may oftentimes need to be filled.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may perform authentication using the token in operation 3955 described below.
  • the WIC 3900 if there is the IMPU, may insert the token in the header field that will be filled with the IMPU. Taking an SIP message as an example, the WIC 3900 may generate a value to fill the To and/or From header field using the token.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 receiving the registration request message from the WIC 3900 may obtain the token.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may determine whether the token is valid.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may interwork with the WAF 3915 .
  • the eP-CSCF 3020 may extract the IMPU, IMPI, WAF 3910 ID, WWSF 3910 ID, and token's lifetime from the token.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may fill the To and From header fields of the REGISTER message to be transferred to the I-CSCF 3930 with the IMPU extracted from the token.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may fill the user name header field of the REGISTER message to be transferred to the I-CSCF 3930 with the IMPI extracted from the token.
  • the WIC 3900 has sent the header field while it is filled, the eP-CSCF 3920 may rewrite the header field with the information extracted from the token.
  • the token has the lifetime assigned by the WAF 3915 having issued the token.
  • the IMPU and/or IMPI extractable from the token may be reassigned. This may be done by adjusting the IMS registration maintain time of the WIC 3900 .
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may set the token's lifetime extracted from the token to the value of the expires header field of the REGISTER message (if the WIC 3900 transfers the registration expire time in operation 3950 , the smaller of the registration expire time and the token's lifetime extracted from the token may be set).
  • the I-CSCF 3930 may transfer the REGISTER message to the S-CSCF 3930 .
  • the I/S-CSCF 3930 may send a 200 OK message.
  • This message may include the IMPU and/or IMPI.
  • the eP-CSCF 3920 may transfer the 200 OK message to the WIC 3900 .
  • WIC 3900 stores the same and may use IMPU and/IMPI for re-registration/cancellation/session management message related to the registration in the future. If none, the WIC may use token in configuring re-registration/cancellation/session management message related to the registration.
  • the 200 OK message may include the registration expire time value set in operation 3960 by the eP-CSCF 3920 . When the registration expire time expires, the WIC 3900 releases the registration in the IMS and may inform the WWSF 3910 that the registration expires. As described above, the WWSF 3910 may newly assign the IMPU and/or IMPI.
  • all of the steps or messages may be optionally performed or omitted.
  • the steps and operations in the steps may not inevitably be performed in sequence, and may be performed in reversed order. Transfer of messages may not inevitably be performed in sequence, and may be performed in reversed order.
  • Each step and message may be independently performed.
US15/000,428 2015-01-16 2016-01-19 Method and apparatus of transmitting control information in wireless communication systems Abandoned US20160212737A1 (en)

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EP3247054A1 (fr) 2017-11-22
KR20170108047A (ko) 2017-09-26
CN112118218A (zh) 2020-12-22
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CN107211015A (zh) 2017-09-26
CN112118216A (zh) 2020-12-22
WO2016114641A1 (fr) 2016-07-21
CN112118217A (zh) 2020-12-22
CN112118217B (zh) 2023-04-14
CN112118217B9 (zh) 2023-05-09
EP3913831A1 (fr) 2021-11-24
US10455552B2 (en) 2019-10-22

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