US20150354105A1 - Multi-feed weaving loom, a weaving method using such a weaving loom and an apertured fabric obtained thereby - Google Patents

Multi-feed weaving loom, a weaving method using such a weaving loom and an apertured fabric obtained thereby Download PDF

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Publication number
US20150354105A1
US20150354105A1 US14/829,309 US201514829309A US2015354105A1 US 20150354105 A1 US20150354105 A1 US 20150354105A1 US 201514829309 A US201514829309 A US 201514829309A US 2015354105 A1 US2015354105 A1 US 2015354105A1
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Prior art keywords
weaving
fabric
feed
layer
aperture
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Abandoned
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US14/829,309
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English (en)
Inventor
Fréderick VEYET
Boris DUCHAMP
Julien BARDY
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Safran Nacelles SAS
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Aircelle SA
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Assigned to AIRCELLE reassignment AIRCELLE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DUCHAMP, Boris, VEYET, FREDERIC, BARDY, JULIEN
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D11/02—Fabrics formed with pockets, tubes, loops, folds, tucks or flaps
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
    • D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D41/00—Looms not otherwise provided for, e.g. for weaving chenille yarn; Details peculiar to these looms
    • D03D41/004—Looms for three-dimensional fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D49/00—Details or constructional features not specially adapted for looms of a particular type
    • D03D49/04—Control of the tension in warp or cloth
    • D03D49/20—Take-up motions; Cloth beams
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/033—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/0331—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process with one or more convex or concave portions of limited extension, e.g. domes or pouches
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/033—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/0333—Three dimensional fabric, e.g. forming or comprising cavities in or protrusions from the basic planar configuration, or deviations from the cylindrical shape as generally imposed by the fabric forming process with tubular portions of variable diameter or distinct axial orientation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a multi-feed weaving loom. It concerns a weaving method using such a weaving loom and an apertured fabric obtained thereby. It finds application in particular in the field of realizing fabric preforms for composite parts including at least one aperture.
  • a group of layers of the multi-layer fabric constitutes an aperture which thus forms a projection above the multi-layer fabric itself.
  • a kind of tunnel is thus formed in the weft direction.
  • the weaving is carried out in a traditional manner of two parallel fabrics. Then the debonding of the fabrics is carried out to form a tube and finally the bonding of the desired edges of the tube is carried out.
  • a surplus length of fabric is realized by keeping yarns which do not work during the weaving the surplus length.
  • the fabric is brought back to the base of the tube so as to form a loop.
  • the stitch weaving technique is used. But instead of varying the movement stroke of the reed, a negative feed is carried out by bringing back the fabric to the base of the loop.
  • Such fabrics are usable to realize preforms only if additional shaping and consolidation operations comprising draping and stitching are then applied to them.
  • the maximum admissible length is limited by the stroke of the reed, which restricts the ratio between the longest length of a group of fabric layers and the shortest length of the other layers.
  • the stitch does not allow either to resume a loop on another loop.
  • the present disclosure provides a weaving loom of the kind including a system for inserting weft yarns into a plurality of layers and a system for inserting and sequencing wrap yarns so as to produce a determined multi-layer weave fabric.
  • the loom of the present disclosure includes at least two feed systems controlled in speed and traction force so that, at least locally, a portion of the fabric layers is driven by its own feed mechanism at a different speed from at least another portion of the layers of the multi-layer fabric so as to produce at least an aperture on the multi-layer fabric.
  • a feed system includes a system for gripping the multi-layer fabric and driving it at least outside the weaving periods of apertures;
  • At least one feed system includes a mandrel for stretching a loop which is being formed on at least one layer or group of layers of the multi-layer fabric after debonding;
  • the loom includes a plate reserved for the multi-layer fabric which carries a driving carriage of the feed system for gripping the multi-layer fabric and at least one plate reserved for weaving at least an aperture and which carries a driving carriage of the feed system for stretching a loop which is being formed on at least one layer or a group of layers of the multi-layer fabric after debonding;
  • said at least one plate reserved for weaving at least one aperture presents a determined inclination concerns the plate reserved for the weaving of the multi-layer fabric and is disposed such that the inclination is measured between the directions of the feeds of the systems respectively of said at least one weaving plate of aperture and of the weaving plate of the multi-layer fabric;
  • the loom includes at least one system for maintaining the position of the weaving point
  • the loom includes at least one system for maintaining the position of the weaving point associated to at least one feed system for maintaining the height of the weaving point at the start of the fabric, downstream of weft yarns insertion region and a shed associated, such that the shed and the beating of the weft can be repeated to maintain height of the weaving point downstream of the insertion region of the weft yarns and the shed associated at the start of the fabric such that the shed and the beating of the weft can be repeated;
  • the system for maintaining the position of the weaving point includes first and second axes elongated over the thickness of the fabric on either side of the fabric surface areas downstream of the weaving point.
  • the present disclosure also provides a weaving method using a multi-feed weaving loom according to the present disclosure.
  • the method includes a step for realizing the start of a multi-layer fabric under a determined feed, then a step for carrying out the debonding of at least one layer of the base fabric with stop or slow down of the feed of the weaving of the multi-layer fabric, then a step of forming a loop by overconsumption of wrap yarns and stretching under a determined feed of a determined loop length greater than that of the remaining multi-layer fabric and finally a step of closing the woven loop by bonding and resuming, if necessary, of the multi-layer weaving.
  • the method is repeated along the multi-layer fabric so as to form several successive apertures;
  • the method is repeated on at least one layer of at least one aperture which is being woven so as to form several inner apertures and/or several apertures of different directions.
  • the present disclosure also concerns a fabric obtained according to the method of the present disclosure.
  • the apertured fabric realized according to the method is intended to realize woven preforms for manufacturing mechanical parts by injecting an injection-polymerizable material among which:
  • a part of composite material based on an apertured weaving perform and calculated for geometric and/or stiffening and/or mechanical forces passage constraints.
  • FIG. 1 represents five successive steps of the method of the present disclosure using a schematic representation of a portion of the weaving loom of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 represents a perspective view of a portion of the weaving loom of the present disclosure according to a particular form
  • FIG. 3 represents the schematic section of five fabrics realized according to the method of the present disclosure given by way of examples.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 represent successive wrap planes of an example of form of a fabric according to the present disclosure.
  • the weaving loom of the present disclosure includes the portions of a multi-layer fabric loom. It includes in particular a system for inserting weft yarn and a system for sequencing wrap yarns according to a determined weave to realize a multi-layer fabric. It weaves in a first step (a) the start of a multi-layer fabric 1 .
  • the start of the multi-layer fabric is therefore placed on a feed mechanism 4 to realize a determined feed Feed 1 of the fabric 1 with a determined traction force and a speed during its weaving and which can be stopped or slowed down by a feed controller during the carrying out of the method of the present disclosure.
  • the wrap yarns 2 are provided through a non-represented wrap yarns sequencing system, to form a shed inside which a weft insertion mechanism 3 circulates as it is known.
  • a debonding 6 is realized between some layers of Fabric 1 (second step (b)).
  • the feed mechanism 4 is disengaged so that the feed Feed 1 is stopped.
  • the feed Feed 1 is only slowed down so that the loop which will be formed on the upper layers will have a greater length than the lower group of layers of the debonded multi-layer fabric.
  • the length in the direction of the feed of the weaving loom of the lower sub-group 11 of the layers of the multi-layer fabric (see step (d)) above which the loop which is being woven is drawn, is zero or almost zero.
  • a roller or a mandrel 7 is inserted into the debonding area 6 and the roller 7 is attached to a feed mechanism 8 by bondings 9 .
  • a specific feed Feed 2 is therefore applied by the feed mechanism 8 with determined speed and traction force in particular by the tension required on the warp yarns and to provide a higher length of weaving on the loop or the aperture 10 with respect to other layers of the lower sub-group 11 on the multi-layer fabric.
  • a loop 10 is therefore formed on the upper face of the fabric 1 .
  • the lower portion 11 of the fabric 1 is constituted of a lower sub-group of the layers of the already woven fabric 1 at the first step (a).
  • the length in the feed direction of the weaving loom of the lower sub-group 11 is zero or almost zero. It is noted that only the wrap yarns 2 corresponding to the upper layers of the fabric, reserved for the weaving of the loop 10 , are consumed. Wrap yarns 2 of the layers of the lower sub-group of the layers of the already woven fabric 1 are reserved.
  • the warp yarns 2 of the layers of the lower sub-group of the layers of the already woven fabric 1 are consumed at a consumption speed lower than that of the wrap yarns of the upper layers 10 .
  • the loop constituted using the upper layers 10 of the fabric presents a greater length than that of the layers of the lower sub-group.
  • the weaving the lower sub-group 11 on the multi-layer fabric is continued simultaneously with the weaving of the loop 10 .
  • its stretching system or feed Feed 1 works at a reduced speed with respect to the speed of the stretching system or feed Feed 2 to provide a loop 10 length greater than that of the sub-group 11 before its bonding 14 .
  • the loop 10 reached a desired total length.
  • the layers reserved for the weaving of the aperture or the loop 10 , 13 are therefore bonded to the lower sub-group of layers of the multi-layer fabric.
  • Both feed mechanisms 8 and 4 pass at the same speed or the second feed mechanism 8 for the weaving of the aperture is disengaged and only the first mechanism 4 drives the multi-layer fabric.
  • the weaving of the full multi-layer fabric resumes therefore under the effect of the feed mechanism 4 by resuming a consumption speed of wrap yarns 2 equal for all the wrap yarns of all the layers of the multi-layer fabric. It has thus been generated an aperture or pocket 13 , which forms a tube the generators of which are found according to the direction of the weft and the openings on the side of the fabric webs.
  • the width or web of a woven aperture according to the method of the present disclosure may be different from the width or web of the base multi-layer fabric.
  • a bonding is realized between the end 14 of the upper layers 10 woven with the rest of the sub-group 11 of lower layers and the weaving a single multi-layer fabric is resumed after the bonding of the end 14 .
  • the bonding is naturally carried out by the weaving of a weave allowing to bond the layers in contact of the end of the weaving of the aperture and those of the lower sub-group 11 .
  • the operations of bonding and debonding will be explained later on an example.
  • the first feed system reserved for the weaving of the fabric 1 itself includes in one form two sheets 4 elongated in the direction of the weft and surrounding the thickness of the multi-layer fabric 1 on either side.
  • the two sheets are removable to allow their mounting and their dismounting on the first end of the fabric when it is still in its first weaving area in only one multi-layer unit downstream of the not yet woven loop or aperture 10 , 13 .
  • the assembling of the two sheets is screwed or otherwise secured on the end of the fabric and is bonded by a bond 5 to a driving carriage so as to apply a feed noted Feed 1 of which speed and traction force are determined depending on the multi-layer weaving and on the necessary tension of the wrap yarns 2 .
  • the driving carriage which drives according to Feed 1 the end of the fabric is controlled by a feed controller so that Feed 1 may be reduced or canceled while maintaining if necessary a sufficient traction force when the aperture or loop 10 , 13 is being woven.
  • a feed system of the fabric using winding mandrels of fabric conventionally used for the two-dimensional weaving is generally not recommendable because of the thickness variations.
  • the feed system Feed 1 of the present disclosure using a principle of clamping of the end of the multi-layer fabric allows to better control the feed speed of the fabric and the traction force, even with a very thick multi-layer fabric, and with one or several aperture(s) or pocket(s) 10 , 13 .
  • the second feed system reserved to the weaving of the longest loop 10 , 13 includes in one form a rigid axis 7 or mandrel, which crosses the substantially entire width of the fabric 1 .
  • the rigid axis 7 is mounted on two removable traction cables 9 a first end of which is removably connected to one end of the axis 7 so as to allow its mounting and dismounting once the aperture, pocket or tube 10 , 13 is woven and bonded to the rest of the fabric 1 .
  • a second end of the two traction cables of the mandrel 7 is secured to a driving carriage 8 , the feed of which is controlled depending on the overconsumption of the wrap yarns 2 calculated to produce the aperture or pocket 10 , 13 of determined length.
  • the feed noted Feed 2 produced by the driving carriage 8 is also determined in feed speed and traction force by the tension necessary on the warp yarns 2 .
  • a weaving loom of the present disclosure using several feed systems as it has been exposed using FIG. 1 , it is necessary to realize a fixation of the weaving point, whether it is found on the multi-layer fabric of complete basis, or on the weaving of the loop 10 .
  • it is disposed at least one system for maintaining the position of the weaving point.
  • the function of maintaining the position of the weaving point is to prevent the vertical displacement of the fabric that is being woven, in particular during the weaving of a loop as the loop 10 .
  • the drawing axis of the loop 10 by the feed system Feed 2 ( FIG. 1 ) is offset with respect to the shed of the wrap yarns.
  • the difference in height of the feed system Feed 2 which provides the drawing of the loop 10 with respect to the main feed system Feed 1 can engender a change in the height of the weaving point and vertically shift the shed. Such a shift can generate insertion problems of the weft yarns since the vertical position of the shed might not be controlled.
  • the feed system Feed 2 disposed above the main feed system Feed 1 is equipped with a system for maintaining the position of the weaving point 70 .
  • a weaving point is constituted at the start of the fabric either on all the layers of the main fabric 1 , during the step (a), at the start of the loop 10 during its own weaving in particular during the step (d) and at the start of the fabric from the bonding point 14 from the end of the loop 10 to the sub-group 11 of lower layers of the main or base fabric.
  • the weaving point extends over the complete web or full width of the fabric in the weft direction and is preceded by a weft insertion region in which the weft insertion mechanism 3 intervenes and the opening of the shed of the wrap yarns.
  • the system of maintaining the position of the weaving point 70 provided here for the weaving of the loop 10 therefore includes a means for maintaining the height of the weaving point at the start of the fabric. This means is disposed downstream of an insertion region of weft yarns and of a shed associated with the weaving point, such that the shed and the beating of the weft can be repeated.
  • the system for maintaining the position of the weaving point 70 includes two axes disposed on either side of the fabric, along the weft direction.
  • a first axis is disposed above the weaving of the loop 10
  • a second axis is disposed underneath the weaving of the loop 10 .
  • the first and second axes are extended over the entire width of the weaving of the loop 10 .
  • the first and second axes of the system for maintaining the weaving point 70 are spaced by a distance sufficient to not hinder the weaving and the drawing of the loop 10 , but close enough to maintain the height of the weaving point of the loop downstream of the insertion region of the weft yarns and the shed associated with the layers reserved for the weaving of the loop 10 .
  • the two axes are thus positioned just at the start of the fabric such that the shed and the beating of the weft can be repeated.
  • the first and second axes are demountable to favor the mounting of the axis or mandrel 7 of the feed system Feed 2 for the drawing of the loop 10 .
  • the system for maintaining the weaving point is duplicated for each feed system as the first feed system Feed 1 which includes a first maintaining system of the weaving point 71 and as the second feed system Feed 2 which includes a second maintaining system of the weaving point 70 , already described.
  • the first and second systems for maintaining the weaving points are analogous.
  • the width of the loop 10 is different from that of the lower sub-group 11 of layers
  • the lengths of the first and second axes of the first system for maintaining the position of the weaving point 71 being on the entire width of the sub-group 11 of fabric layers, are different from those of the first and second axes of the second system for maintaining the position of the weaving point 70 already described.
  • FIG. 2 there is represented a portion of a weaving loom according to one form of the present disclosure.
  • the represented portion includes the feed mechanisms or the primary and secondary stretching systems.
  • the primary stretching system 28 , 29 mainly includes a horizontal plate intended for receiving the multi-layer fabric which is being woven.
  • the secondary stretching system 21 presents an inclined table disposed above the horizontal plate of the primary stretching system. Except for their relative inclination, the primary and secondary stretching systems are substantially identical and the secondary stretching system 21 will be described. It presents two parallel rails 22 , 23 on which a driving carriage 26 slides mounted on pads 24 and 25 engaged on the parallel rails 22 , 23 .
  • the driving force of the driving carriage 26 is identical to feed Feed 2 described in FIG. 1 .
  • the fabric of the aperture or pocket 10 , 13 is intended to be stretched under the action of the driving carriage 26 which is connected to the cables 9 bonded to the mandrel 7 inserted into the pocket which is being woven as described in FIG. 1 .
  • the driving carriage 28 of FIG. 2 is attached to the clamping system 4 of FIG. 1 by the suitable bars 5 of FIG. 1 so that the driving force 29 of FIG. 2 is applied to the fabric which is being woven in the horizontal direction according to the feed Feed 1 described using FIG. 1 .
  • wrap yarns and weft yarns supply mechanisms upstream of the primary and secondary stretching systems are not represented.
  • the multi-feed weaving loom of the present disclosure includes at least one plate 21 reserved for the weaving of at least one aperture.
  • a feed system is therefore reserved to realize a primary aperture and/or at least an inner aperture within the primary aperture.
  • Each of these weaving plates of apertures presents at a determined inclination relative to the plate 28 , 29 reserved to the weaving of the multi-layer fabric.
  • the weaving plate of the aperture is disposed so that its inclination is measured between the directions 27 , 29 of the feeds of the feed systems Feed 1 , Feed 2 respectively of said at least one plate 21 of the weaving of the aperture and of the plate 28 , 29 of the multi-layer fabric weaving.
  • the weaving method of an apertured fabric forming a transverse pocket or tube in the weft direction mainly includes the following steps:
  • E 1 a first step of forming the base fabric including a determined number of layers presenting a determined weave
  • E 2 a second step of forming a loop or an aperture by debonding between the upper layers and a lower sub-group of layers of the base fabric;
  • E 3 a third step of forming the fabric of the loop or the aperture by overconsumption of wrap yarns
  • E 4 a fourth step of closing the loop or the aperture by bonding 14 from the end of the weaving of the loop or the aperture 10 , 13 to the lower sub-group of the base fabric layers. If necessary, the weaving of the single multi-layer fabric, identical or different from the single multi-layer fabric of the start of the weaving and tight in the clamping system 4 , 5 which applies the feed Feed 1 is resumed beyond the point of the bonding operation 14 of the aperture or the pocket 10 , 13 .
  • the method of the present disclosure allows to realize successively several apertures or pockets in the longitudinal direction of the weaving, or that of the feed Feed 1 .
  • Such a successive aperture will be formed beyond the bonding point 14 of the first aperture, and in another form may be beyond a resuming of formation of the initial multi-layer fabric.
  • the number of successive apertures or pockets as the aperture 10 , 13 is not limited.
  • the method of the present disclosure also allows to realize one or several aperture(s) or pocket(s) on an aperture or pocket 10 , 13 which is being formed.
  • the advantage of such a method is to allow realizing several apertures on each other without requiring draping, stitching additional operation or otherwise.
  • several feed systems with independent controls are therefore disposed in addition to the main feed system, which provides the feed of the base multi-layer fabric.
  • the weaving loom of the present disclosure includes at least two feed systems such as the feed systems Feed 1 and Feed 2 described using FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 .
  • the weaving loom of the form of FIG. 2 is therefore completed by one or several inclined plate(s) additional to the inclined plate 21 - 27 , each inclined plate including at least one feed system associated with its own control.
  • FIG. 3 there is represented five examples from (a) to (e) of realizing apertures or loops or pockets.
  • the right and the left portions of the aperture(s) correspond to layers or sub-groups of layers of a multi-layer fabric formed during the step (a) ( FIG. 1 ) or at the end of the step (e) ( FIG. 1 ). Therefore, the various layers or sub-groups of layers in these areas are joined by wrap yarns according determined weaves. They are instead as it has been described debonded in at the step (b) ( FIG. 1 ) or bonded at the start of the step (e).
  • an aperture or vertical axis pocket 32 forms a debonded area 31 between a lower sub-group of layers of the multi-layer fabric, this sub-group assembling three layers represented at the bonded or debonded drawing, and an upper sub-group of layers of the multi-layer fabric, this sub-group also including three layers represented in the drawing.
  • the three layers of each sub-group are bonded together according to defined weaves, in the aperture or the loop area.
  • each inner aperture within each other formed of one or several layer(s) of fabric and fully or partially debonded, are formed on the axis 33 above a lower sub-group of three bonded layers.
  • Each inner aperture presents a growing length thus reaching three different heights H 1 , H 2 , and H 3 .
  • Each aperture is mono-layer.
  • the aperture is a multi-layer of fully or partially bonded layers.
  • each inner aperture or the outer aperture of height H 3 is woven into a sub-group of bonded layers. The realization is carried out using three bonded feeds, the first feed being common to the three apertures, then stopped for the inner aperture of height H 1 .
  • the following feed drives the two outermost apertures until the height H 2 and finally, the third feed then drives until the height H 3 the only outermost aperture.
  • two apertures 33 and 34 are opposed on an axis 36 around a layer or sub-group of central bonded layers 35 .
  • the two opposed apertures 33 and 34 present in the example two bonded layers or not.
  • a main feed system surrounded by an upper feed system and a lower feed system are disposed on the weaving loom which therefore includes three feed systems with their respective controls.
  • the upper side of a layer or sub-group of central layers is carrying two apertures 37 and 38 the two axes of which are distant by a length L 1 while the lower side is carrying a third aperture 39 disposed between the axes of the two apertures 37 and 38 at a distance L 2 from the axis of the aperture 37 .
  • the aperture 37 presents an inner aperture (without reference number) while the apertures 38 and 39 include a plurality of bonded layers (two without reference number in the drawing).
  • the indicated layers in FIG. 3 are given by way of examples. They can be multiplied or associated into multi-layer units, with or without boded or debonded portions.
  • a first aperture 41 is disposed with two debonded layers or sub-groups.
  • a second aperture 40 is formed, constituted of two layers or sub-groups of bonded layers.
  • the first layer or sub-group disposed within the second aperture 40 is debonded from the second layer or sub-group of the outer layers, which therefore receives its own stretching to form a third aperture 43 of axis 44 different from the axis 42 of the first and second apertures 41 and 40 .
  • the waving loom of the present disclosure to realize successive apertures on the upper face, respectively lower of the fabric includes only one feed system additional to the main feed system.
  • an additional feed system for each aperture As a result, the weaving loom of the present disclosure should include as many additional feed systems as integrated and/or inner apertures in addition to the main feed system.
  • at least one additional feed system is disposed under the main feed system. If several integrated and/or inner apertures are provided for the lower face, their number imposes an equal number of additional feed systems as with the aforementioned realization of integrated and/or inner apertures of the upper face described above.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 four wrap planes of an example of form of a weaving at only one aperture 52 , are represented.
  • the aperture 52 is limited between two weft planes 50 and 51 .
  • the unitary multi-layer fabric is found left of the plane 50 and right to the plane 51 . It is composed in the example of seven layers of weft yarns referenced from N 1 to N 7 aligned by level. The first weft yarn of the upper level N 7 is referenced 53 .
  • the lower sub-group of layers on which the aperture is woven includes the layers N 1 to N 4 .
  • the level N 1 may be occupied by only one wrap yarn, while a warp yarn bonds in pairs the weft yarns of two following levels N 2 and N 3 .
  • the last level N 4 of the lower sub-group is in turn bonded to the following layer N 5 so that the lower sub-group of the layers N 1 to N 4 is bonded to the upper layers which form the aperture 52 between the planes 50 and 51 .
  • FIG. 6 the wrap plane following that of FIG. 5 , the weave of the lower sub-group N 1 to N 4 resumes the shape of that of FIG. 4 .
  • FIG. 7 which represents the fourth wrap plane, the situation is similar to that of FIG. 5 .
  • the level N 4 between the planes 50 and 51 may not be bonded by the warp yarn with the level N 5 which, belonging to the weaving of the aperture 52 is stretched upward and debonded from the lower sub-group N 1 to N 4 , by the action of its own stretching system 7 - 8 ( FIG. 1 ) or 21 ( FIG. 2 ).
  • a bonding of the three layers N 5 to N 7 is realized using at least two series of warp yarns. Playing with an alternation of a wrap plane out of two, the layers N 6 and N 7 are bonded together by the wrap yarns of successive planes 54 ( FIG. 4 ), 56 ( FIG. 5 ), 59 ( FIG. 6) and 63 ( FIG. 7 ), while the layers N 6 and N 5 are bonded together by the warp yarns of the successive planes 55 ( FIG. 4 ); 57 ( FIG. 5 ), 60 ( FIG. 6) and 64 ( FIG. 7 ).
  • the weft yarns which are concerned with the interlacing of the warp yarns in three layers N 5 , N 6 and N 7 which constitute the weaving of the aperture 52 are not detailed, but it can be observed in FIGS. 4 to 7 that the three layers are sufficiently bonded together.
  • the weaving method and the weaving loom of the present disclosure allow to produce performs made of multi-layer fabric of different weaves presenting relief over-thicknesses in the form of apertures or pockets above, below or on either side of a sub-group of central layers. It is thus possible to produce reinforcement composite parts with “U”, “T” shapes, rails, hinges and the like. In one form, it is provided to dispose one or several insert(s) and/or the insertion of foam or honeycomb structures within the aperture or the formed loop.
  • the composite material parts to which the woven preforms of the present disclosure are intended, are manufactured by injecting an injection-polymerizable material and include:
  • the woven apertured area on the woven preform according to the present disclosure is used to realize a stiffener and/or a clevis and/or to include a stiffener of the “omega”, hollow “omega”, or filled with foam or honeycomb structures type, a corner-flange pair, a “T” stiffener, etc.;
  • any part made of composite material based on an apertured weaving perform according to the present disclosure and calculated for geometrical and/or stiffening and/or mechanical forces passage constraints.
  • the present disclosure finds its application particularly in the field of manufacture of composite materials, composed with the polymerizable resin and fabrics manufactured in accordance with what precedes. Such parts are used in the aeronautics, and in particular in the composite panels for the aircraft turbojet engine nacelles.
  • the present disclosure applies irrespective of the type of weaving weave, irrespective of the nature, in particular carbon, glass or Kevlar, and of the type and size of the yarns used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Looms (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
US14/829,309 2013-02-22 2015-08-18 Multi-feed weaving loom, a weaving method using such a weaving loom and an apertured fabric obtained thereby Abandoned US20150354105A1 (en)

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FR1351590A FR3002549B1 (fr) 2013-02-22 2013-02-22 Metier a tisser a avance multiple, procede de tissage utilisant un tel metier a tisser et un tissu creneau ainsi obtenu.
FR13/51590 2013-02-22
PCT/FR2014/050360 WO2014128416A1 (fr) 2013-02-22 2014-02-21 Métier à tisser à avance multiple, procédé de tissage utilisant un tel métier à tisser et un tissu créneau ainsi obtenu

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CN (1) CN105102702A (zh)
BR (1) BR112015017200A2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2898270A1 (zh)
FR (1) FR3002549B1 (zh)
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150361597A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Natalie A. Candrian Methods for producing and merchandising a custom fit pant and custom fit pants
CN109137223A (zh) * 2018-08-15 2019-01-04 达亚帆布(上海)有限公司 一种辅助纬纱和使用方法及其所得产品

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3048198A (en) * 1959-09-16 1962-08-07 3 D Weaving Company Methods of making structural panels having diagonal reinforcing ribs and products thereof
US3207185A (en) 1961-02-23 1965-09-21 Raymond Dev Ind Inc Woven panel and method of making same
DE1209969B (de) * 1961-05-16 1966-01-27 Buenger Bob Textil Gewebtes Laschenband und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
FR2591238B1 (fr) * 1985-11-14 1988-07-29 Jourquin Andre Procede de fabrication d'un tissu decoratif avec motifs en relief et tissu ainsi obtenu
DE3813740A1 (de) * 1988-04-23 1989-11-02 Vorwerk Co Interholding Gewebe zur herstellung eines bauteils
FR2941647B1 (fr) * 2009-02-05 2011-01-14 Aircelle Sa Structure a ame alveolaire apte a etre utilisee dans un panneau structurant pour une nacelle d'aeronef
TWI364466B (en) * 2009-12-04 2012-05-21 Taiwan Textile Res Inst Weaving machines and three-dimensional woven fabrics
DE102010030550B4 (de) * 2010-06-25 2017-06-22 Technische Universität Dresden Verbundbauteil mit einem Gewebe mit integrierten Profilen
FR2968679B1 (fr) * 2010-12-13 2014-02-07 Snecma Structure fibreuse pour piece en materiau composite ayant une ou plusieurs parties en forme d'arche

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150361597A1 (en) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Natalie A. Candrian Methods for producing and merchandising a custom fit pant and custom fit pants
US9890482B2 (en) * 2014-06-17 2018-02-13 Natalie A. Candrian Methods for producing and merchandising a custom fit pant and custom fit pants
CN109137223A (zh) * 2018-08-15 2019-01-04 达亚帆布(上海)有限公司 一种辅助纬纱和使用方法及其所得产品

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WO2014128416A1 (fr) 2014-08-28
FR3002549A1 (fr) 2014-08-29
FR3002549B1 (fr) 2015-03-27
BR112015017200A2 (pt) 2017-07-11
CA2898270A1 (fr) 2014-08-28
CN105102702A (zh) 2015-11-25
RU2015140620A (ru) 2017-03-29

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