US20150064390A1 - Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production - Google Patents

Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20150064390A1
US20150064390A1 US14/536,029 US201414536029A US2015064390A1 US 20150064390 A1 US20150064390 A1 US 20150064390A1 US 201414536029 A US201414536029 A US 201414536029A US 2015064390 A1 US2015064390 A1 US 2015064390A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
wood
floor panel
standard
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US14/536,029
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Gustafsson
Dan Sigfridsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GUSTAF KAHR AB
Original Assignee
GUSTAF KAHR AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GUSTAF KAHR AB filed Critical GUSTAF KAHR AB
Publication of US20150064390A1 publication Critical patent/US20150064390A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/205—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics of foamed plastics, or of plastics and foamed plastics, optionally reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/246—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 combinations of materials fully covered by E04C2/16 and E04C2/20
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
    • E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
    • E04F15/041—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members with a top layer of wood in combination with a lower layer of other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/16—Flooring, e.g. parquet on flexible web, laid as flexible webs; Webs specially adapted for use as flooring; Parquet on flexible web
    • E04F15/166—Flooring consisting of a number of elements carried by a common flexible web, e.g. rollable parquet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49623—Static structure, e.g., a building component
    • Y10T29/49629—Panel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24058—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including grain, strips, or filamentary elements in respective layers or components in angular relation
    • Y10T428/24066—Wood grain
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24777—Edge feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to building panels and in particular to floor panels.
  • the present disclosure relates to a core for inclusion in a building panel, such as a floor panel; a blank for forming building panels and to methods for forming such a core, blank and building panel.
  • parquet floor panels comprising a core which is formed of a plurality of low-grade wood blocks (also termed “slats” or “lamellae”, which are arranged with their fiber direction perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the floor panel.
  • the core is sandwiched between a decorative layer, typically of an about 3 mm wood surface layer, and a balancing layer, typically of an about 2 mm wood veneer.
  • the decorative layer and the balancing layer are glued to the core.
  • parquet floor panels examples include WO96/30177 A1 and US2005/0208255A1.
  • panel blank is understood as a piece of material which has substantially the same format as the end product, but which has not been completed with respect to the formation of e.g. a locking system at edges of the panel blank.
  • blade is understood as a piece of material, which is intended to be divided into a plurality of panel blanks.
  • the “major surface” is typically the upwardly or downwardly surface of a core, blank, panel blank or building panel or floor panel. These surfaces are typically parallel with each other.
  • a “principal direction” of a core, blank, panel blank or building panel or floor panel may be a longitudinal direction in a case where the item is elongate (i.e. substantially rectangular and non-square).
  • the principal direction may be a direction which is substantially parallel with a direction along which another layer than the core layer, e.g. a decorative layer and/or a balancing layer, forming part of the blank, panel blank or floor panel presents its major bending strength and/or major tensile strength, such as a principal fiber direction of the decorative layer and/or of the balancing layer.
  • a “principal fiber direction” is defined as the direction along which most of the fibers of the wood block or veneer extend. Typically, the principal fiber direction substantially coincides with a longitudinal direction of the wood block since lumber is normally sawn so as to have its fibers extend substantially longitudinally.
  • An “expanded polymer material” is understood as a polymer material which contains a resin and a substantial amount of gas-filled inclusions.
  • the present invention aims generally at overcoming or alleviating some disadvantages of prior art floor panels, with a particular focus on reduction of cost.
  • a core for inclusion in a building panel presents a pair of substantially parallel major surfaces, and comprises a plurality of first material blocks, extending between said major surfaces and arranged with their respective principal directions substantially parallel with said major surfaces and extending 90° ⁇ 45° to a principal direction of the core; and a plurality of second material blocks, extending between said major surfaces and being arranged alternatingly with said first material blocks along the principal direction of the core.
  • the first material blocks and said second material blocks differ substantially with respect to at least one material property.
  • Such a core provides an opportunity for improved control of properties associated with the core, such as strength and weight, and of the cost of the core.
  • the “principal direction of the core” may be understood as a longitudinal direction of the core, which is particularly applicable when the core is to be produced as an elongate or substantially continuous sheet-like product.
  • the first material blocks preferably extend 90° ⁇ 30°, 90° ⁇ 15°, 90° ⁇ 5° or substantially perpendicular to the principal direction of the core.
  • the second material blocks may typically extend substantially parallel to the first material blocks.
  • the core may present a thickness between its major surfaces of about 5 mm to about 50 mm, preferably about 7 mm to about 15 mm.
  • a cross section of the core taken along the principal direction of the core, perpendicular to the major surfaces and containing an equal number of whole first material blocks and whole second material blocks, may present less than 50% by area of said second material blocks.
  • the first material blocks may form more than 50% by volume of the core, not counting any edge reinforcing insets.
  • the core may comprise at least one web, which may be attached to and substantially cover at least one of the core's major surfaces.
  • the web may comprise at least one of a non-woven material, a woven material, a pulp-based material and a polymer film.
  • the web may comprise a material having adhesive properties with respect to said first blocks and/or said second material blocks.
  • the web may be flexible enough to allow the core to bend so as to allow an angle of more than 5°, preferably more than 10°, more than 15°, more than 20° or more than 25°, between major surface normals of a pair of adjacent first material blocks.
  • the first material blocks and second material blocks may be formed from materials, which differ with respect to at least one of material type, material composition, material density, material hardness, material tensile strength and material elastic modulus.
  • the blocks may be formed of different materials, such as wood and expanded polymer material or different types of polymer materials or different kinds of wood.
  • the blocks may be formed of polymer materials having different material compositions and/or of polymer materials containing different types of fillers or additives.
  • the first material blocks may have a higher density than the second material blocks.
  • the first material blocks may be harder than the second material blocks.
  • the first material blocks and the second material blocks may have anisotropic properties, and may be oriented in different directions.
  • the first material blocks may be have fibers extending substantially perpendicular to the principal direction of the core, while the second material blocks extend substantially parallel to the principal direction of the core, or parallel to a thickness direction of the core.
  • the first material blocks may have higher tensile strength than the second material blocks.
  • the first and second materials may present different bending stiffness. Such different bending stiffness may typically be presented at least with respect to the longitudinal direction of the material blocks.
  • the principal direction of the first material blocks may be substantially parallel with a direction of major bending stiffness and/or of major tensile strength of the first material blocks.
  • the first material blocks may be formed from a wood material.
  • the principal direction of the first material blocks may thus be substantially parallel with a principal fiber direction of the wood material.
  • the wood blocks may comprise wood blocks of a wood quality, which is lower than or equal to V according to the Swedish “Gröna boken” (“The Green book”) standard of 1960, preferably lower than or equal to VI or lower than or equal to VII.
  • the wood blocks may be of a wood quality which is lower than or equal to B according to the Swedish “Bl ⁇ dot over (a) ⁇ a boken” (“The Blue book”) standard of 1994, preferably lower than or equal to C or lower than or equal to D.
  • the wood blocks may comprise wood blocks of a quality which is lower than or equal to G4-2/G2-2 of the European EN 1611-1 standard of 2000, preferably lower than or equal to G4-3/G2-3 or lower than or equal to G4-4/G2-4. These standards are hereby incorporated by reference.
  • the wood is of quality V or VI according to the “Gröna boken” standard, or of a corresponding quality according to any other standard.
  • the wood blocks may also, or as an alternative, be of a strength class which is lower than or equal to C18 of the EN 338 standard, preferably lower than or equal to C16 or lower than or equal to C14.
  • the first material blocks may be formed of a composite material.
  • the composite material may comprise a polymer material matrix, and a filler material and/or a reinforcing material.
  • the filler material may comprise wood dust, wood fibers, wood particles, wood chips, a mineral-based filler or a polymer material.
  • the reinforcing material may be arranged to provide anisotropic strength properties of the composite material.
  • the reinforcing material may comprise elongate fibers extending substantially parallel with the principal direction of the first material blocks.
  • the first material blocks may be formed from an engineered wood material.
  • Non-limiting examples of engineered wood materials include fiberboards, chip boards, particle boards, and reconstituted wood. It is possible to form the first and second material blocks from different types of engineered wood materials.
  • the second material blocks may be formed from an expanded polymer material, an engineered wood material or a non-expanded polymer material.
  • Expanded polymer material blocks may comprise at least one of expanded polyethylene, expanded polypropylene and expanded polystyrene extruded polystyrene foam.
  • An expanded polymer material may be non-filled or filled with e.g. fillers in the form of wood dust, wood fibers, wood particles, wood chips, a mineral-based filler and/or a polymer material.
  • fillers in the form of wood dust, wood fibers, wood particles, wood chips, a mineral-based filler and/or a polymer material.
  • the second material blocks would be formed of an engineered wood material having lower cost, strength and/or density than that of the first material blocks.
  • a non-expanded polymer material may comprise one or more polymer matrix materials and fillers in the form of wood dust, wood fibers, wood particles, wood chips, a mineral-based filler and/or a polymer material, having lower cost and/or strength than that of the first material blocks.
  • the density may be lower or higher. A low density would provide weight advantages, while a higher density may provide desirable sound absorption or reduction properties.
  • a blank for forming a building panel comprising a core as described above, and at least one structural layer substantially covering least one of the core's major surfaces.
  • a building panel may, as non-limiting examples, be a floor panel, a wall panel, a ceiling panel or a roof panel.
  • the structural layer may comprise a decorative layer and/or a wear layer.
  • the structural layer may further comprise a reinforcing layer arranged between the core and the decorative layer.
  • the decorative layer may comprise a laminate material.
  • the decorative layer may comprise wood.
  • the decorative layer may comprise (or consist essentially of) a plastic material, e.g. including polyvinyl chloride, acrylic, epoxy, polyurethane; rubber or rubber-like material; or linoleum.
  • a plastic material e.g. including polyvinyl chloride, acrylic, epoxy, polyurethane; rubber or rubber-like material; or linoleum.
  • the decorative layer may be formed essentially of a solid wood material.
  • the blank may further comprise a balancing layer comprising a wood veneer, a polymer film, a woven web, a non-woven web and/or a pulp based material.
  • the principal direction of the core may be substantially parallel with a direction of major bending stiffness of at least one of the structural layers.
  • the principal direction of the core may be substantially parallel with a longitudinal direction of the blank.
  • a building panel formed from a blank as disclosed above.
  • Such floor panel may be provided with a locking system along at least two of its opposing edge portions.
  • a method of making a core for a building panel the core presenting a pair of substantially parallel major surfaces.
  • the method comprises providing a plurality of first material blocks, arranging the plurality of first material blocks with their respective principal directions substantially parallel with the major surfaces and substantially perpendicular to a principal direction of the core, and providing second material blocks arranged alternatingly with said first material blocks in said principal direction of the core.
  • the step of providing said second material blocks may comprise arranging pre-formed second material blocks alternatingly with said first material blocks.
  • the step of providing said second material blocks may comprise providing a polymer material resin in a space providing a longitudinal separation of two of said first material blocks and subsequently causing the polymer material resin to expand.
  • the step of providing the second material block may comprise providing the second material block with a thickness which at least initially is greater than that of said first material blocks.
  • the method may further comprise compressing said second material block in connection with the application of a web or structural layer to the core.
  • the method may further comprise using said second material block to provide adhesion between the core and the layer.
  • a method of making a building panel comprising providing a blank as described above, cutting a building panel blank from the blank along the principal direction of the core to a format suitable for providing a building panel, and forming mechanical connecting means along at least one edge of the floor panel blank.
  • the method may further comprise providing a surface treatment on at least part of the mechanical connecting means.
  • the surface treatment may comprise applying a coating to an exposed part of said second material block.
  • the surface treatment may comprise thermoforming an exposed part of said second material block.
  • a floor panel comprising a decorative layer and a core layer.
  • the core is arranged below the decorative layer when the floor panel is substantially horizontally oriented.
  • the core layer comprises a plurality of wood blocks arranged with their respective principal fiber directions substantially parallel with a plane defined by a major surface of the floor panel and substantially perpendicular to a principal direction of the floor panel.
  • the core layer comprises a plurality of second material blocks, which are made from a different material than said wood blocks, and along the principal direction of the floor panel, the core layer presents alternating portions formed of said wood blocks and of said second material blocks.
  • a “second material block” is understood as a block of material which is different from the material of the wood blocks.
  • the second material blocks may e.g. be of generally lower quality (strength and/or stiffness) and/or cost than the wood blocks.
  • the second material blocks mainly serve to fill the space between the wood blocks, and possibly to provide sound reduction.
  • a floor panel comprising a plurality of second material blocks may be produced at reduced cost compared with a floor panel comprising only wood blocks, since such second material may be less costly than even the lowest quality wood.
  • the second material may reduce weight of the floor panel as compared to a floor panel comprising only wood, thus reducing cost of transportation and facilitating installation.
  • a total length of the second material blocks may be less than a total length of the wood blocks.
  • a total length of the second material blocks may be more than 5%, preferably more than 10%, 20%, 30% or 40% of the total length of the floor panel. Typically, the total length of the second material blocks is less than 50% of the total length of the floor panel.
  • the second material blocks may have lower density than said wood blocks and/or lower tensile strength in a direction parallel to said principal fiber directions than said wood blocks.
  • the second material blocks may comprise expanded polymer material blocks, such as at least one of expanded polyethylene, expanded polypropylene and expanded polystyrene extruded polystyrene foam.
  • the second material blocks may comprise an engineered wood product.
  • the second material blocks may comprise a non-expanded polymer material comprising filler material.
  • the wood blocks may comprise, or consist essentially of, wood blocks of a wood quality, which is lower than or equal to V according to the Swedish “Gröna boken” (“The Green book”) standard of 1960, preferably lower than or equal to VI or lower than or equal to VII.
  • the wood blocks may be of a wood quality which is lower than or equal to B according to the Swedish “Bl ⁇ dot over (a) ⁇ a boken” (“The Blue book”) standard of 1994, preferably lower than or equal to C or lower than or equal to D.
  • the wood blocks may comprise wood blocks of a quality which is lower than or equal to G4-2/G2-2 of the European EN 1611-1 standard of 2000, preferably lower than or equal to G4-3/G2-3 or lower than or equal to G4-4/G2-4.
  • the wood blocks may also, or as an alternative, comprise, or consist essentially of, wood blocks of a strength class, which is lower than or equal to C18 of the EN 338 standard, preferably lower than or equal to C16 or lower than or equal to C14.
  • wood blocks which are of low or very low quality, and hence cost, may be used to a great extent.
  • the core layer may further comprise a reinforcing inset portion, which may be provided at a short side edge portion of the floor panel.
  • the core layer of the floor panel may consist of about 80-99% by volume, possibly 90-95% by volume, of alternating wood and second material blocks.
  • the remainder may consist of, inter alia, inset pieces, adapted to provide specific parts of the locking system.
  • the second material blocks may be provided with surface coating at an edge portion where said second material blocks are exposed.
  • the second material blocks may present a portion of increased density at an edge portion where said second material blocks are exposed.
  • the decorative layer may comprise, or consist essentially of, natural wood.
  • the floor panel may comprise a balancing layer, and the core layer may be sandwiched between the balancing layer and the decorative layer
  • a method of making a floor panel comprising arranging a plurality of elongate wood blocks side by side in a co-planar manner, with their respective longitudinal directions substantially parallel with each other to form a core layer.
  • the method further comprises providing the core layer with at least a decorative layer to form a panel blank, and cutting the panel blank to form an elongate floor panel blank, such that the longitudinal directions of the wood blocks are substantially perpendicular to a principal direction of the floor panel blank.
  • the method further comprises providing a plurality of second material blocks arranged alternatingly with the wood blocks along the principal direction of the floor panel blank.
  • the second material blocks have lower density than said wood blocks and/or lower tensile strength in a direction parallel to said principal fiber directions than said wood blocks.
  • the method may further comprise forming locking means along said principal direction of the floor panel blank.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a panel blank.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a panel blank.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a part of a floor panel.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a floor panel.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross sectional view of a floor panel.
  • FIGS. 6 a - 6 c schematically illustrate a method of producing a blank or a panel blank.
  • FIGS. 7 a - 7 d schematically illustrate a first alternative method of producing a blank or a panel blank.
  • FIGS. 8 a - 8 b schematically illustrate a second alternative method of producing a blank or a panel blank.
  • FIGS. 9 a - 9 c schematically illustrate a core.
  • FIG. 10 schematically illustrates a third alternative method of producing a blank or a panel blank.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic exploded view of a floor panel blank 1 , comprising a decorative layer 13 , a core layer 10 , 11 and a balancing layer 12 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a floor panel blank 1 ′ in an assembled state.
  • the core layer 10 , 11 is formed of wood blocks 10 and expanded polymer blocks 11 , which are arranged alternatingly along a longitudinal direction L of the floor panel blank.
  • this longitudinal direction of the floor panel blank may be substantially parallel with a principal fiber direction of a wood veneer forming a visually exposed upper surface of the decorative layer 13 .
  • the wood blocks 10 may be substantially elongate, with their respective principal fiber direction substantially coinciding with a respective longitudinal direction l of the respective block 10 .
  • a cross section of the wood blocks 10 may present a thickness Tw and a width Ww.
  • the width Ww may be greater than the thickness Tw.
  • the longitudinal direction l of the wood blocks 10 may extend 90° ⁇ 45° relative to the longitudinal direction L of the floor panel blank.
  • the wood blocks extend 90° ⁇ 30°, 90° ⁇ 15°, 90° ⁇ 5° or 90° ⁇ 1° relative to the longitudinal direction of the panel blank.
  • the wood blocks may comprise blocks of any appearance, but for cost reasons, it may be preferred that the wood blocks comprise, or consist essentially of, (e.g. consist of at least 50%, at least 70%, at least 90% or at least 95%) a wood quality lower than or equal to V according to the Swedish “Gröna boken” (“The Green book”) standard of 1960, preferably lower than or equal to VI or lower than or equal to VII; lower than or equal to B according to the Swedish “Bl ⁇ dot over (a) ⁇ a boken” (“The Blue book”) standard of 1994, preferably lower than or equal to C or lower than or equal to D; or lower than or equal to G4-2/G2/2 of the European EN 1611-1 standard of 2000, preferably lower than or equal to G4-3/G2-3 or lower than or equal to G4-4/G2-4.
  • the wood blocks may have a strength class lower than or equal to C18 of the EN 338 standard, preferably lower than or equal to C16 or lower than or equal to C14.
  • the wood blocks may be formed of elongate wood beams, and/or of shorter pieces of wood which have been joined together (e.g. using finger joints, dovetail joints and/or glue).
  • the expanded polymer blocks 11 may be so-called “rigid polymer foams”, which may be defined as foams that have a modulus of elasticity (E) of about 0.02-0.4 GPa, preferably of about 0.1-0.4 GPa.
  • the density may be in the area of 20-400 kg/m3, preferably of about 10-100 kg/m3, most preferably of about 20-50 kg/m3.
  • the expanded polymer blocks 11 may be so-called “flexible polymer foams”, which may be defined as foams that have a modulus of elasticity (E) of about 0.0003-0.0015 GPa.
  • the density may be in the area of 5-200 kg/m3.
  • the expanded polymer blocks 11 may be so-called closed cell expanded polymer or open cell expanded polymer.
  • materials include polystyrene, polyurethane, polyolefin (e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene), thermosets (phenolic, melamine, urea or combinations thereof) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
  • polystyrene polyurethane
  • polyolefin e.g. polyethylene, polypropylene
  • thermosets phenolic, melamine, urea or combinations thereof
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • the expanded polymer material blocks may comprise additives, such as wood chips, wood particles, wood dust (saw dust, wood flour) or wood fibers; mineral fillers (calcium, dolomite, etc); polymeric fillers (e.g. recycled polymers, rubbers or rubber-like materials).
  • the expanded polymer blocks 11 are illustrated as being substantially elongate, with their respective longitudinal direction parallel with the longitudinal directions l of the wood blocks 10 .
  • a cross section of the expanded polymer blocks 11 may present a thickness Tp and a width Wp. The width Wp may be greater than the thickness Tp.
  • the thickness Tw of the wood blocks may typically be on the order of about 5-50 mm, more commonly about 5-25 mm or about 7-15 mm, and most typically about 10 mm.
  • the thickness Tw of the wood blocks 10 may be substantially the same, or exactly the same, as the thickness Tp of the expanded polymer blocks 11 .
  • the width Ww of the wood blocks 10 may be greater than the width Wp of the expanded polymer blocks 11 .
  • the width Wp of the expanded polymer blocks 11 may be less than about 90%, less than about 80%, less than about 70% or less than about 60% of the width Ww of the wood blocks 10 .
  • the floor panel 1 ′′ may thus have a core formed of alternating wood and expanded polymer blocks along substantially its entire length, optionally with the exception of one or both short side edges, which may be provided with a reinforcing inset, which may be formed of wood of a higher quality than that of the wood blocks 10 , a different type of wood, and/or of wood having a different fiber direction, e.g. perpendicular to, that of the wood blocks 10 .
  • the insets may be formed of another material, such as MDF, HDF, polymer or polymer composite (e.g. fiber reinforced polymer). Each of the insets may extend over less than 15% of the floor panel's 1 ′′ length, preferably less than 10%, less than 5% or less than 3% of the floor panel's 1 ′′ length.
  • Such insets may, additionally, or as a complement, be provided for one or both long side edges, in which case the insets would extend along all or part of the long side edge(s), and perpendicular to the principal direction of the floor panel.
  • the floor panel 1 ′′ may be provided with a locking system 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 adapted for interconnection of the floor panel 1 ′′ with similar or identical floor panels.
  • a locking system may be arranged to provide mechanical or form-fit locking horizontally and/or vertically, i.e. the floor panels may be locked together wholly or partially without the use of glue.
  • the long side locking system 30 , 31 may be identical with the short side locking system 32 , 33 . In another embodiment, the long side locking system 30 , 31 may be different from that of the short side locking system in terms of e.g. geometry and/or mechanical properties of the locking system.
  • a plurality of different systems for mechanical interconnection of floorboards are known as such, and so are the methods for producing them.
  • Non-limiting examples of such systems are shown in WO94/26999A1 U.S. Pat. No. 4,426,820, DE1211175, DE19851200C1, FR2675174, WO99/66151, WO97/47834, JP3169967, WO96/27721, GB1430423, WO02/55809, U.S. Pat. No. 4,819,932, EP1863984A1 and EP1802827A1, the entire contents of which documents are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • FIGS. 6 a - 6 c a method of producing a floor panel 1 ′′ is disclosed.
  • Pre-cut blocks 10 of wood as well as pre-formed (e.g. cut or moulded) blocks 11 of expanded polymer may be arranged on a first sheet, which may be the balancing layer 12 or the decorative layer 13 .
  • the first sheet 12 , 13 and/or the side of the blocks 10 , 11 facing the first sheet may be provided with glue prior to the joining of the blocks 10 , 11 to the first sheet 12 .
  • a second sheet 13 is provided and its side facing the blocks 10 , 11 and/or the side of the blocks 10 , 11 facing the second sheet are provided with glue, after which the second sheet 13 is joined with the blocks.
  • the blocks 10 , 11 may be arranged so as to abut each other along their longitudinal direction l.
  • a small space in the longitudinal direction L of the floor panel may be provided between the members of each pair of adjacent blocks.
  • the space may be in the order of 0.1-5 mm, preferably 1-3 mm.
  • the sheets 12 , 13 and blocks 10 , 11 may be subjected to pressure, either batchwise or continuously, e.g. by rollers or a belt press.
  • the pressure may be complemented with addition of heat or other means for activating the glue, such as ultrasound, microwaves, etc.
  • these steps are performed to provide a blank, which may have a size of on the order of about e.g. 1.2 m ⁇ 2.4 m.
  • This blank may then be cut into floor panel blanks 1 ′, i.e. blanks having the general shape of the finished floor panel 1 ′′, but without any locking system 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 formed along its edges.
  • the floor panel blanks 1 ′ may then be subjected to milling and optionally addition of separate elements (locking tongues, locking elements, locking strips, etc.) to provide the desired locking system 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 .
  • the decorative layer 13 may be in the form of a solid wood sheet, which typically has a thickness of about 2-5 mm, most often about 3 mm.
  • the wood sheet may be composed of a single or few wood blocks, or of a plurality of lamellae to form a block pattern on the surface.
  • most, or at least some, of these lamellae are elongate and extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the floor panel.
  • some of the lamellae extend perpendicular to the longitudinal direction L of the floor panel, as would be the case with floor panels for providing a so-called Dutch floor pattern.
  • the decorative layer may be formed of a plurality of layers, such as e.g. a reinforcement layer combined with a thin surface layer, which is laminated or glued to the reinforcement layer.
  • the surface layer may be formed of e.g. a thin (0.5-2 mm) wood veneer, or a laminate, i.e. an artificially patterned (e.g. printed) layer, which may be laminated to, or integrated with, a wear layer, which may comprise a polymer material with fillers and additives for providing a hard surface.
  • the reinforcement layer may be formed of a plywood, MDF, HDF or other sheet material.
  • a decorative layer 13 of wood or wood veneer may be natural, i.e. uncoated, or coated/treated with e.g. lacquer, wax, oil, varnish or any other type of surface finish, such as acrylic or urethane based floor finishes.
  • the balancing layer 12 may be formed of a thin (0.5-2 mm) sheet of wood or plywood.
  • the balancing layer may be formed of a polymer film, a woven or non-woven sheet, a pulp-based material (such as paper) or other wood-polymer composite material.
  • the floor panel typically forms part of a set of substantially identical floor panels, which are to be joined together to provide a flooring.
  • a first structural layer such as a balancing layer 12 (or a decorative layer 13 ) is provided ( FIG. 7 a ).
  • a number of wood blocks 10 are provided and arranged on the first structural layer.
  • the wood blocks 10 may be attached (provisionally or permanently) to the structural layer.
  • the wood blocks 10 are arranged in a spaced manner along the principal direction L of the blank.
  • a polymer resin 9 adapted for being expanded is arranged in the spaces between the wood blocks ( FIG. 7 b ).
  • the polymer resin may e.g. contain one or more expanding agents.
  • a second structural layer such as a decorative layer 13 (or balancing layer 12 ) is arranged so as to sandwich the wood blocks 10 between the first and second structural layers ( FIG. 7 c ).
  • the second structural layer may be attached to the wood blocks (provisionally or permanently).
  • the expanding agent(s) present in the polymer resin 9 is then activated so as to expand to substantially fill up the space between the wood blocks 10 .
  • the expanded polymer material blocks 11 will be provided.
  • the activation of the expanding agent(s) may be achieved by provision of heat, microwaves, ultrasound, vacuum, UV light, etc.
  • the activation of the expanding agent may also cause an activation of a glue or other attachment means for attaching the structural layers to the wood blocks.
  • the wood blocks 10 may be sandwiched between the structural layers 12 , 13 prior to the introduction of the resin 9 .
  • the resin may be subsequently injected into the spaces formed between the wood blocks and structural layers.
  • the resin may, but need not, be activated immediately on introduction, e.g. upon contact with the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the resin 9 may, in addition to providing the expanded polymer material blocks 11 , also provide attachment of blocks to the structural layers, both of the expanded polymer material blocks and of the wood blocks.
  • the wood blocks may be designed or arranged so as to allow for a sufficient amount of resin to enter between the wood blocks and the structural layers, thereby providing adhesion.
  • FIGS. 8 a - 8 b another alternative method of producing the blank will be described.
  • Expanded polymer material blocks 11 are provided with a thickness Tp which exceeds the thickness Tw of the wood blocks 10 ( FIG. 8 a ).
  • the blocks may be provided as pre-shaped blocks or by activation of the expanding agent prior to application of the second structural layer.
  • the second structural layer 13 may then be applied, upon which the expanded polymer material blocks 11 are compressed ( FIG. 8 b ).
  • the compression may be provided in the pressing step described with respect to FIGS. 6 a - 6 c.
  • FIGS. 9 a - 9 c a method of producing a core (without structural layers) will be described.
  • the core may be produced by connecting alternating wood blocks 10 and expanded polymer material blocks 11 through e.g. adhesion (surface to surface) to form a continuous core without any structural layers.
  • the core may be bent and possibly even wound as a roll.
  • the core may be provided with a web 20 , to which the blocks 10 , 11 will be attached in to a major surface of the core in a manner similar to what was disclosed with respect to the first structural layer 12 .
  • the web 20 may be a polymer film, a non-woven web, a woven web, a pulp-based (paper or paper-like) web, a rubber film, etc. Hence, the web may be flexible enough to allow the web to bend and to be wound as a roll.
  • the web may have a thickness in the area of about 0.1-3 mm and preferably of about 0.1-1 mm.
  • a second web 21 may be provided at the second face Sc 1 of the core.
  • the second web may be identical to the first web, or it may be a different type of material.
  • the web of a material which, e.g. on activation will operate as a binder, adhesive or glue relative to the core and/or to the structural layers. It is also possible to apply a coating to, or impregnate the web with, a material which e.g. on activation will operate as a binder, adhesive or glue relative to the core and/or to the structural layers. In the event that such material is tacky or pressure activated, it is possible to provide also a protective film to one or both exposed faces of the webs 20 , 21 . Such a protective film may thus be removed when the core provided with the web is to be joined to e.g. a structural layer.
  • the methods of forming the panel described with respect to FIGS. 6 a - 6 d, 7 a - 7 d and 8 a - 8 b may be applied to the forming of the core as described with respect to FIGS. 9 a - 9 c, provided that the possibly outwardly tackiness or stickiness is managed through e.g. a protective film and provided that the pressure is applied correctly.
  • a core which can be wound onto a roll, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 10 .
  • the core may then be unwound from the roll and any type of structural layers may be laminated to it under pressure Fp to produce a substantially continuous blank, such as wood or laminate decorative layers or backing layers.
  • wood blocks and expanded polymer material blocks are to be understood as an example of an implementation of the present disclosure. More generally, the wood blocks may be seen as a first material block and the expanded polymer material blocks may be seen as a second material block.
  • the first material blocks may thus be provided from another material than wood, such as e.g. a polymer/plastic material.
  • the blocks may be formed from a composite material comprising a binder, such as a polymer matrix, one or more fillers and/or one or more reinforcing fibers.
  • fillers include one or more of wood chips, wood particles, wood dust (saw dust, wood flour) or wood fibers; mineral fillers (calcium, dolomite, etc); polymeric fillers (e.g. chunks or particles of recycled polymer, rubbers or rubber-like materials).
  • reinforcing fibers include one or more of glass fibers, carbon fibers, plant fibers (e.g. hemp, grass, bamboo or wood fibers or wood strands), or polymer fibers.
  • the first material blocks may be formed of so-called “engineered wood” or “reconstituted wood”, which as such is known from e.g. WO 2009/140136A2 and WO2010/082137A1, the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • polymer matrices include one or more of thermoplastic material (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), epoxy, polyurethane, thermosets (phenol, melamine, urea or combinations thereof), acrylic and polyester.
  • the second material blocks may differ from the first material blocks with respect to at least one of material type (i.e. it may be formed from a completely different material), material composition (i.e. it may be formed from the same materials as the first material blocks, but with different proportions), material density (i.e. it may be formed (e.g. expanded) to have a different density than the first material blocks), material hardness (i.e. it may be treated so as to achieve a higher or lower hardness) and material elastic modulus.
  • the first material blocks may have a higher elastic modulus along a direction l which is perpendicular or otherwise transverse to the principal direction L of the core than the second material blocks, such that the blocks as such are stiffer. This may be achieved by e.g. arranging elongate fibers to extend substantially perpendicular to the principal direction L of the core.
  • the second material blocks may have a substantially lower density than the first material blocks, e.g. due to being expanded.
  • the second material blocks may have a substantially higher density than the second material blocks, e.g. due to comprising a relatively heavy filler. This may be desirable in order to reduce sound.
  • first material blocks may be selected to provide the necessary bending strength and joining strength
  • second material blocks may be selected to provide another property, such as weight reduction, cost reduction and/or sound reduction.
  • the second material blocks referred to above may be formed of any material, which may be less costly, have lower density and/or lower tensile strength in the direction which is parallel with the principal direction of the wood fibers of the wood blocks.
  • the second material blocks may comprise an engineered wood product.
  • a first example of such a material is a so-called LDF (low density fiberboard) or VLDF (very low density fiberboard), which may be a board which is formed through moulding or compression moulding of wood chips, particles and/or dust. It is possible to mould such material during wet or moist condition, in which no or very little additional binder need to be added.
  • LDF low density fiberboard
  • VLDF very low density fiberboard
  • an LDF board may be used having a density of 160-500 kg/m3 may be used.
  • VLDF board may be used having a density of 200-300 kg/m3.
  • LDF and VLDF boards are known from Rowell, R. et al: “Dimensionally Stabilized Very Low Density Fiberboard”, Wood and Fiber Science, 27 (4). pp. 428-436 (1995), the entire content of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • a ULDF (ultra low density fiber) board may be used having a density of 50-200 kg/m3.
  • Such fiber boards are known through Xie, Y. et al: “Manufacture and Properties of Ultra-Low Density foamed Fibreboard from Wood Fibre”, BioResources 6 (4), 4055-4066 (2011) the entire contents of which is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • fiber boards having low, very low or ultra low density may be provided substantially without binder (wet/moist compression moulding), with binder and/or with additional additives.
  • non-expanded composite polymer material blocks comprising a polymer matrix and fillers, such as e.g. wood chips, wood particles, wood dust (saw dust, wood flour) or wood fibers, mineral fillers (calcium, dolomite, etc), polymeric fillers (e.g. recycled polymers, rubbers or rubber-like materials).
  • a polymer matrix and fillers such as e.g. wood chips, wood particles, wood dust (saw dust, wood flour) or wood fibers, mineral fillers (calcium, dolomite, etc), polymeric fillers (e.g. recycled polymers, rubbers or rubber-like materials).
  • Exposed portions of second material blocks of wood fiber (e.g. LDF, VLDF, ULDF) or filled polymer material may also be provided with surface treatment in order to improve e.g. strength, friction (reduce) or wear properties.
  • Such treatment may include the application of penetrating or coating forming matter, such as lacquer and/or thermosetting polymers.
  • At least one of the material block types may be flexible enough to allow the core to bend so as to provide an angle of more than 5°, preferably more than 10°, more than 15°, more than 20° or more than 25° between major surface normals of a pair of adjacent (but with at least one other material block in between) material blocks of the same type.
  • the bending may also be rendered possible, or facilitated, by a longitudinal space between immediately juxtaposed first and second material blocks.
  • a longitudinal space may be on the order of 0.1-5 mm, preferably 0.5-3 mm, most preferably 1-3 mm.
  • the web 20 , 21 may be flexible enough to allow such bending as described above.
  • the core may comprise two or more types of material blocks, which may be arranged alternatingly in the principal direction L of the core and with their principal directions I substantially perpendicular to the principal direction L of the core.
  • first material wood blocks
  • second material filled or non-filled expanded polymer material blocks
  • first material wood blocks
  • ULDF, VLDF, LDF low density fiber board
  • first material wood blocks
  • second material filled non-expanded polymer material blocks
  • Such cores may be used for floor panels having any type of decorative layer and balancing layer disclosed herein.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
US14/536,029 2012-05-08 2014-11-07 Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production Abandoned US20150064390A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2012/058443 WO2013167171A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2012-05-08 Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/058443 Continuation WO2013167171A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2012-05-08 Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20150064390A1 true US20150064390A1 (en) 2015-03-05

Family

ID=46027985

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/536,029 Abandoned US20150064390A1 (en) 2012-05-08 2014-11-07 Core, panel blank, floor panel and methods of their production

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20150064390A1 (pl)
EP (1) EP2872711B1 (pl)
JP (1) JP6026647B2 (pl)
CN (1) CN104302854B (pl)
HK (1) HK1202910A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2872711T3 (pl)
RU (1) RU2618247C2 (pl)
WO (1) WO2013167171A1 (pl)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150239507A1 (en) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Havco Woods Products, LLC Composite reinforced hybrid wood floor with wood strips arranged in a pattern for vehicular trailers
CN108858519A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2018-11-23 杨建忠 用于木板块的芯层，木板块及其制造方法
US20190078336A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2019-03-14 Shaw Industries Group, Inc. Engineered Waterproof Plastic Composite Flooring and Wall Covering Planks
US20190218795A1 (en) * 2018-01-12 2019-07-18 Hans-Erik Blomgren Acoustically Absorptive Solid Volume Building Assembly
US20210388623A1 (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-16 Välinge Innovation AB Building panel comprising mineral-based layer
US20220120096A1 (en) * 2019-02-04 2022-04-21 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor panel and method for manufacturing the same
US11413784B1 (en) * 2017-06-12 2022-08-16 Boise Cascade Company Method for manufacturing wood products formed from natural veneer sheets and veneer strands

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9988097B2 (en) * 2013-12-11 2018-06-05 Sabalito Llc Flooring for vehicle decks and manufactured housing
FR3025453B1 (fr) * 2014-09-04 2019-05-31 Alstom Transport Technologies Panneau en materiau composite pour un vehicule ferroviaire et procede pour fabriquer un panneau en materiau composite d'un vehicule ferroviaire
GB2577328A (en) * 2018-09-24 2020-03-25 Saint Gobain Construction Products Uk Ltd Partitions comprising boards mounted onto upright elongate members and methods for constructing the same
FR3088356B1 (fr) * 2018-11-12 2020-10-23 Gerflor Procede de realisation d'un joint entre deux bandes d'un revetement de sol resilient

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2035336A (en) * 1978-11-17 1980-06-18 Ryburn Foam Ltd Method of producing a rubber- based product, preferably using waste rubbers
US5389695A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-02-14 General Electric Company Insulating foam of low thermal conductivity and method of preparation
US6217976B1 (en) * 1999-10-22 2001-04-17 Weyerhaeuser Company Edge densified lumber product
US6305135B1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2001-10-23 Yoshiki Kimura Composite building material and method for manufacturing the same
EP1231038A2 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-08-14 Cosmo S.R.L. Structure with multiple wood elements, particularly for flooring
US20030233809A1 (en) * 2002-04-15 2003-12-25 Darko Pervan Floorboards for floating floors

Family Cites Families (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH323820A (fr) * 1953-11-04 1957-08-15 Parqueterie Von J Durrer Ag Elément de parquet
DE1211175B (de) 1960-12-29 1966-02-24 Degussa Verfahren zur Herstellung von Monofluorcyclohexen
GB1430423A (en) 1973-05-09 1976-03-31 Gkn Sankey Ltd Joint structure
US4426820A (en) 1979-04-24 1984-01-24 Heinz Terbrack Panel for a composite surface and a method of assembling same
JPS563743A (en) * 1979-06-22 1981-01-16 Keisuke Shimizu Building board
JPS6167312U (pl) * 1984-10-05 1986-05-08
US4819932A (en) 1986-02-28 1989-04-11 Trotter Jr Phil Aerobic exercise floor system
SU1622119A1 (ru) * 1988-02-05 1991-01-23 П. И. Ющенко Паркетный щит и способ его изготовлени
DE3838733A1 (de) * 1988-11-15 1990-05-17 Osterwald Sportboden Gmbh Sportboden
FR2675174A1 (fr) 1991-04-12 1992-10-16 Lemasson Paul Element de construction.
JPH0540485U (ja) * 1991-11-01 1993-06-01 嘉夫 橋本 床 材
SE501014C2 (sv) 1993-05-10 1994-10-17 Tony Pervan Fog för tunna flytande hårda golv
SE9500810D0 (sv) 1995-03-07 1995-03-07 Perstorp Flooring Ab Golvplatta
SE507235C2 (sv) * 1995-03-28 1998-04-27 Tarkett Ab Sätt att framställa ett byggelement för framställning av ett lamellerat trägolv
CN2279398Y (zh) * 1995-03-29 1998-04-22 姚世红 卷帘式装饰板
IT1287271B1 (it) 1996-04-05 1998-08-04 Antonio Chemello Chiodo endomidollare per l'osteosintesi delle fratture delle ossa lunghe
BE1010487A6 (nl) 1996-06-11 1998-10-06 Unilin Beheer Bv Vloerbekleding bestaande uit harde vloerpanelen en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van dergelijke vloerpanelen.
SE512290C2 (sv) 1998-06-03 2000-02-28 Valinge Aluminium Ab Låssystem för mekanisk hopfogning av golvskivor samt golvskiva försedd med låssystemet
DE19851200C1 (de) 1998-11-06 2000-03-30 Kronotex Gmbh Holz Und Kunstha Fußbodenpaneele
CA2433487C (en) 2001-01-12 2010-03-23 Valinge Aluminium Ab Floorboard and locking system therefor
DE60332446D1 (de) * 2002-04-03 2010-06-17 Vaelinge Innovation Ab Fussbodenplatte mit integrierten Verbindungsmitteln und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
SE525657C2 (sv) 2002-04-08 2005-03-29 Vaelinge Innovation Ab Golvskivor för flytande golv framställda av åtminstone två olika materialskikt samt halvfabrikat för tillverkning av golvskivor
CN100504008C (zh) * 2003-03-31 2009-06-24 大日本印刷株式会社 地板材料用层叠体
EP1650375B2 (en) 2004-10-22 2010-12-22 Välinge Innovation AB A set of floor panels
US7841144B2 (en) 2005-03-30 2010-11-30 Valinge Innovation Ab Mechanical locking system for panels and method of installing same
CN101092848A (zh) * 2006-06-20 2007-12-26 韦尔蒂奇私人控股有限公司 使用具有竖直胶缝位置的芯材的复合木地板
SE532607C2 (sv) * 2006-11-15 2010-03-02 Vaelinge Innovation Ab Mekanisk låsning av golvpaneler med vertikal vikning
AU2009246599B2 (en) 2008-05-13 2014-03-06 Pete Nichols Method of forming a reconstituted wood block
US20100119857A1 (en) 2008-09-19 2010-05-13 Style Limited Manufactured wood product and methods for producing the same

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2035336A (en) * 1978-11-17 1980-06-18 Ryburn Foam Ltd Method of producing a rubber- based product, preferably using waste rubbers
US5389695A (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-02-14 General Electric Company Insulating foam of low thermal conductivity and method of preparation
US6305135B1 (en) * 1998-05-14 2001-10-23 Yoshiki Kimura Composite building material and method for manufacturing the same
US6217976B1 (en) * 1999-10-22 2001-04-17 Weyerhaeuser Company Edge densified lumber product
EP1231038A2 (en) * 2001-02-12 2002-08-14 Cosmo S.R.L. Structure with multiple wood elements, particularly for flooring
US20030233809A1 (en) * 2002-04-15 2003-12-25 Darko Pervan Floorboards for floating floors

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Archived "Appearance grading" web page. Archived 20 August 2010. web.archive.org/web/20100820125147/http://www.stimber.se/woodinfo/index?lang=en *
Ashby, Michael F.. (2005). Materials Selection in Mechanical Design (3rd Edition) - Appendix C: Data and Information for Engineering Materials. Elsevier. Online version available at: app.knovel.com/hotlink/pdf/id:kt004CK3K2/materials-selection-in/data-information-engineering *
Forde, Mike. (2009). ICE Manual of Construction Materials, Volume 2 - Metals and Alloys; Polymers; Polymer Fibre Composites in Civil Engineering; Timber; Glass; Non-Conventional Materials; Appendices - 60. Timber Engineering: An Introduction. ICE Publishing. app.knovel.com/hotlink/pdf/id:kt00U1VBY6/ice-manual-construction/timber-engineering-an *
Machine translation (Espacenet) of DE 3838733 A1. Translated 22 May 2017. *

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20190078336A1 (en) * 2012-10-22 2019-03-14 Shaw Industries Group, Inc. Engineered Waterproof Plastic Composite Flooring and Wall Covering Planks
US10787822B2 (en) * 2012-10-22 2020-09-29 Shaw Industries Group, Inc. Engineered waterproof plastic composite flooring and wall covering planks
US20150239507A1 (en) * 2014-02-24 2015-08-27 Havco Woods Products, LLC Composite reinforced hybrid wood floor with wood strips arranged in a pattern for vehicular trailers
US10081165B2 (en) * 2014-02-24 2018-09-25 Havco Wood Products, LLC. Composite reinforced hybrid wood floor with wood strips arranged in a pattern for vehicular trailers
CN108858519A (zh) * 2017-05-16 2018-11-23 杨建忠 用于木板块的芯层，木板块及其制造方法
US11413784B1 (en) * 2017-06-12 2022-08-16 Boise Cascade Company Method for manufacturing wood products formed from natural veneer sheets and veneer strands
US20190218795A1 (en) * 2018-01-12 2019-07-18 Hans-Erik Blomgren Acoustically Absorptive Solid Volume Building Assembly
US20220120096A1 (en) * 2019-02-04 2022-04-21 Flooring Industries Limited, Sarl Floor panel and method for manufacturing the same
US20210388623A1 (en) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-16 Välinge Innovation AB Building panel comprising mineral-based layer
US11788302B2 (en) * 2020-06-12 2023-10-17 Välinge Innovation AB Building panel comprising mineral-based layer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6026647B2 (ja) 2016-11-16
RU2014149191A (ru) 2016-06-27
HK1202910A1 (en) 2015-10-09
CN104302854B (zh) 2017-01-18
PL2872711T3 (pl) 2022-02-21
WO2013167171A1 (en) 2013-11-14
CN104302854A (zh) 2015-01-21
JP2015519493A (ja) 2015-07-09
EP2872711A1 (en) 2015-05-20
EP2872711B1 (en) 2021-10-27
RU2618247C2 (ru) 2017-05-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP2872711B1 (en) Floor panel
US11904588B2 (en) Veneered element and method of producing such a veneered element
NL2013046B1 (en) Panel suitable for assembling a waterproof floor or wall covering, method of producing a panel.
CN107724641B (zh) 建筑镶板、生产地板镶板的方法和木基地板镶板
US9745758B2 (en) Panel suitable for assembling a waterproof floor or wall covering, method of producing a panel
RU2471619C2 (ru) Плита, способы изготовления плит и панель, содержащая материал такой плиты
US8720151B2 (en) Floorboards for flooring
CA2463096C (en) Panel with sound insulation layer and production method
CN101115616B (zh) 包括装饰层的镶板
US20160208501A1 (en) Panel forming
US20230265663A1 (en) Panel and Method of Producing a Panel
EP3908719B1 (en) Panel suitable for assembling a floor covering
EP2662192B1 (en) Floor panel and method of its production
NL2025119B1 (en) Panel and method for producing a panel
WO2020144112A1 (en) Panel suitable for assembling a floor covering
CZ2010658A3 (cs) Vícevrstvá podlahová krytina

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION