US20140060298A1 - Apparatus and method for programming a projectile - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for programming a projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140060298A1
US20140060298A1 US14/059,023 US201314059023A US2014060298A1 US 20140060298 A1 US20140060298 A1 US 20140060298A1 US 201314059023 A US201314059023 A US 201314059023A US 2014060298 A1 US2014060298 A1 US 2014060298A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
programming
coil
projectile
muzzle
measurement
Prior art date
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Abandoned
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US14/059,023
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English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Mueller
Aldo Alberti
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Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
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Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall Air Defence AG filed Critical Rheinmetall Air Defence AG
Assigned to RHEINMETALL AIR DEFENCE AG reassignment RHEINMETALL AIR DEFENCE AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALBERTI, ALDO, MUELLER, KURT
Publication of US20140060298A1 publication Critical patent/US20140060298A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
    • F42C11/065—Programmable electronic delay initiators in projectiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C17/00—Fuze-setting apparatus
    • F42C17/04—Fuze-setting apparatus for electric fuzes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/64—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance
    • G01P3/66—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/665—Devices characterised by the determination of the time taken to traverse a fixed distance using electric or magnetic means for projectile velocity measurements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for measurement of electromagnetic fields on and/or within a programming device which, for example, is included on the muzzle of a tube weapon, in particular having a measurement apparatus on a programming device for an air burst munition (ABM), that is to say having a field test appliance on a measurement and programming basis.
  • the measurement apparatus can measure fields and/or signals from the programming coil, thus making it possible to check the correct operation of the programming coil, the programming signal and the time correlation with the projectile, as well as the programming of a projectile itself. In special cases, these values can then be taken into account for the programming of the projectile.
  • a tube weapon can denote both guns and rocket launch tubes.
  • projectile is intended to mean all airborne vehicles which can be launched or fired from a weapon barrel, that is to say ballistic projectiles and projectiles which at least partially propel themselves.
  • ballistic projectiles means normal conventional projectiles which detonate on impact, such as projectiles which can be fuzed and/or programmed, and, for example, detonate in flight.
  • the projectiles may be spin-stabilized and/or fin-stabilized and may, for example, be in the form of discarding sabot projectiles, primary projectiles which carry a plurality of secondary projectiles in them, or exercise projectiles with a core and casing.
  • the muzzle velocity of a projectile is normally referred to as V 0 , and is also referred as the V 0 velocity. This is therefore the velocity at which a projectile launched or fired from a tube weapon moves on its trajectory relative to the weapon barrel when it emerges from the weapon barrel. The flight duration, the firing distance and the hit-point position are dependent, inter alia, on the V 0 velocity.
  • precise knowledge of the muzzle velocity V 0 is particularly important in the context of programmable projectiles, since the time at which a programming code is transmitted to a projectile in order to achieve the desired weapon effect depends on the muzzle velocity, V 0 .
  • the muzzle velocity V 0 also depends on the weight and the temperature of the propellant charge.
  • a theoretical muzzle velocity V 0 (theor.) can be determined by calculation if all the relevant data relating to the weapon, the weapon barrel and the projectile to be fired or launched is known.
  • the muzzle velocity V 0 differs from the theoretically calculated muzzle velocity V 0 (theor.).
  • the V 0 velocity is reduced as a consequence of weapon barrel wear. Therefore, the actual muzzle velocity is preferably in each case measured on firing, in order to correct the azimuth and elevation of the weapon barrel as necessary for the target to be attacked, and/or in order to appropriately program the projectile, or at least the subsequent projectiles.
  • An airburst munition is a munition type which breaks up during the flight phase without any need to strike a target object or to be in the vicinity of a target object.
  • a suitable mechanism is used to fire a break-up charge within this munition and to cause it to explode.
  • the muzzle velocity of the ABM is known sufficiently accurately, the desired range can be determined via an indication of a time after which the break-up charge is intended to be fired after leaving the muzzle. Because of the natural scatter in the muzzle velocities of ABM, it is particularly important, for this type of munition, to determine the initial velocity at the muzzle (V 0 ) with sufficient accuracy.
  • V 0 measurement such as this is known from EP 0 108 973 B1, which corresponds to U.S. Pat. No. 4,677,376.
  • two coils are used, which are arranged at a known distance from one another, to be precise after the exit cross section of the weapon barrel, seen in the direction of flight of the projectile. These coils and the distance between them form a measurement base path.
  • the coils are in general arranged at least approximately concentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the weapon barrel, and their internal diameter is somewhat larger than the calibre of the weapon barrel.
  • the coils are connected to current sources, thus resulting in a magnetic field in the area of each coil, and an induced voltage can be tapped off as the projectile passes through. While a projectile is flying through the area of the coils, the magnetic field is disturbed, and the voltage which can be tapped off changes as a function of the relative position of the projectile with respect to the coil.
  • CH 691 143 A5 deals with the same subject.
  • V 0 of the individual projectile is determined at the muzzle of the gun, then, after the appropriate break-up time has been calculated, this value can be programmed into the projectile via a programming unit, which is located downstream in the direction of the projectile flight path, as a result of which the projectile is broken up by the break-up charge at the desired point.
  • a programming unit which is located downstream in the direction of the projectile flight path, as a result of which the projectile is broken up by the break-up charge at the desired point.
  • EP 0 802 390 A1 which corresponds to U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,755
  • EP 0 802 392 A1 which corresponds to U.S. Pat. No. 5,814,756
  • EP 0 802 391 A1 which corresponds to U.S. Pat. No.
  • the projectile passes through a measurement path in the area of the muzzle, which measurement path is formed by two coils arranged one behind the other, and produces a time-dependent voltage signal in each of these coils. If the distance between the coils is known, the projectile velocity can be determined from these signals. The appropriate break-up time is calculated in a computation unit, and is programmed in the projectile via a third coil.
  • the invention is based on the idea of checking the correct operation of the programming coil, the programming signal and the time correlation with the projectile as well as the programming of a projectile itself. This can be done by detection of the fields and/or signals of the programming coil. This information can then be taken into account in the programming.
  • the measurement apparatus according to the invention furthermore makes it possible to also detect disturbance fields from further components of the tube weapon, as well as disturbance fields which act on the tube weapon from the outside.
  • test devices which can detect fields and signals of a programming coil are already known, for example by the term base test appliance, but these are restricted to laboratory environments, that is to say they do not measure the situation of a real shot, and the possible correction associated therewith.
  • an additional measurement apparatus is provided, that is independent of the programming coil, can detect the signals which are present in the area of the programming coil, and in particular the signals emitted by the programming coil, and can pass these to a measurement evaluation device.
  • the system is designed as a purely passive system.
  • this measurement apparatus may have a coil having one or more turns around the muzzle opening of the tube weapon.
  • the coil is functionally connected to a fundamentally known signal receiving and signal processing device, for example via a wire connection.
  • the coil can be positioned such that, on the one hand, it does not cover the unobstructed opening of the barrel muzzle, while nevertheless at the same time makes it possible to detect sufficiently well the fields which emerge/originate from the programming coil with a low field strength. For this purpose, they must be positioned outside the metallic screening of the programming coil.
  • the number of coil turns may be one or more. Since the number of turns influences the response time of the coil, the turns are chosen on the basis of the flank gradient of the signal to be detected. The fastest response behaviour is achieved with a single coil winding. Better signal sensitivities are achieved with a plurality of windings—the best solution should in each case be chosen depending on the signal strength and the gradient.
  • the windings may either be in the form of wire in a surrounding structure or, alternatively and particularly preferably, may be implemented in the form of a printed circuit board (“print”).
  • An electrically non-conductive material should be provided for the material surrounding the coil, for example non-conductive plastics or epoxy materials. At the same time, it is advantageous for this material to have low density, which therefore means only a small additional mass in the area of the muzzle since, as is known, additional masses in the muzzle area influence the dynamic and static behaviour of the tube weapon.
  • the measurement apparatus can be attached to the programming coil assembly via an adhesive joint, a push joint or else as a printed embodiment on a surface.
  • the positioning can be considered in many ways.
  • bit patterns and possible interruptions, signal strengths, attenuations and single-bit tests that is to say whether correct bits have been set.
  • the time window/time instant of programming (within 20 ⁇ s) can be tested, and the programming basis can be tested during actual firing.
  • An independent functional and quality test of the programming base can also be carried out. This is used as a referee tool for failure (to break up in the intended target region): >caused in the programming, or in the munition? ⁇ and the documentation of the base characteristics during acceptance firing.
  • a measurement apparatus is proposed which is included on a measurement and programming basis for the programming of a projectile ( 13 ), which can detect the fields and/or signals which emerge/originate from a programming coil. These “detected” values are evaluated in an evaluation device, and can then also be made available for programming the projectile. This therefore makes it possible not only to make decisions on the method of operation of the programming coil as such, but also to implement corrections, when this is electronically possible.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a measurement and programming device according to the conventional art
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional illustration of an embodiment of a measurement apparatus for measurement of the field and/or of the signals of at least the coil of the programming device
  • FIG. 3 shows a sectional illustration of an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional illustration of an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional illustration of an embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows a supporting tube 20 , which is attached according to the prior art to the muzzle of a gun barrel 13 and includes three parts 21 , 22 , 23 .
  • Annular coils 24 , 25 for the measurement of the projectile velocity are arranged between the first part 21 and the second and/or third parts 22 , 23 .
  • a transmission coil 27 which is held in a coil former 26 , is attached to the third part 23 —also referred to as the programming part.
  • Lines 28 , 29 are provided for feeding the annular coils.
  • Soft-iron bars 30 are arranged on the circumference of the supporting tube 20 , for screening against magnetic fields which interfere with the measurement.
  • the projectile 18 has a receiving coil 31 , which is connected to a time fuse 34 via a filter 32 and a counter 33 .
  • a pulse is produced at short successive intervals in each annular coil.
  • These pulses are fed to an evaluation circuit (not illustrated), in which the projectile velocity is calculated from the time interval between the pulses and the distance a between the annular coils 24 , 25 .
  • the projectile velocity is used to calculate a break-up time, which is transmitted inductively to the receiving coil 31 in a suitable form while the projectile 18 is passing through the transmission coil 27 , in order to set the counter 32 etc.
  • FIG. 2 describes a first embodiment of the apparatus 10 according to the invention.
  • this section drawing represents the muzzle 11 of the tube weapon, which is formed by a component 1 which extends in a circular form around the barrel centre axis 2 .
  • At least one winding 5 of the measurement apparatus 10 is incorporated within an electrically non-conductive attachment ring 4 .
  • the ring 4 is preferably adhesively bonded to the end surface of the tube-weapon muzzle, and in the process isolates the winding 5 from the electrically conductive closure cap 3 on the tube weapon.
  • FIG. 3 describes a second embodiment of the apparatus 10 ′ according to the invention.
  • this section drawing represents the muzzle 11 of the tube weapon, which is formed by the component 1 which extends in a circular shape around the barrel centre axis 2 .
  • At least one winding 5 of the measurement apparatus 10 is incorporated within an electrically non-conductive attachment ring 12 .
  • the ring 12 is equipped with an enlarged area, in order to improve the adhesive joint to the component 1 and the closure cap 3 on the tube weapon.
  • FIG. 4 describes a third embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the attachment ring 14 is in the form of a cap which can be placed over the muzzle 10 of the tube weapon. This improves the mechanical retention of the measurement apparatus 5 according to the invention on the tube weapon further in comparison to the previous embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 describes a fourth, particularly preferred, embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • a conductor track 5 ′ in the form of a circular coil winding is provided as a printed circuit within the attachment ring 15 , with electrical connecting component 6 being passed out of the attachment ring 15 , and being operatively connected to an evaluation device 16 .
  • the additional measurement apparatus 10 which is preferably included in the area of the programming coil 27 , is used to detect the emitted signals from the transmission or programming coil 27 , and to pass them to the evaluation device 16 .
  • the result or results can then also be included in the programming of the projectile 13 (correction).
  • information relating to the method of operation of the programming coil 27 can be derived.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
  • Arrangements For Transmission Of Measured Signals (AREA)
US14/059,023 2011-04-19 2013-10-21 Apparatus and method for programming a projectile Abandoned US20140060298A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEDE102011018248.9 2011-04-19
DE102011018248A DE102011018248B3 (de) 2011-04-19 2011-04-19 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Programmierung eines Geschosses
PCT/EP2012/055531 WO2012143218A1 (fr) 2011-04-19 2012-03-28 Dispositif et procédé de programmation d'un missile

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/055531 Continuation WO2012143218A1 (fr) 2011-04-19 2012-03-28 Dispositif et procédé de programmation d'un missile

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US20140060298A1 true US20140060298A1 (en) 2014-03-06

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US14/059,023 Abandoned US20140060298A1 (en) 2011-04-19 2013-10-21 Apparatus and method for programming a projectile

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US (1) US20140060298A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2699871B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2014515817A (fr)
KR (1) KR20140045937A (fr)
CN (1) CN103562671A (fr)
BR (1) BR112013026863A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2833460A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011018248B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK2699871T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2534443T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU2013151167A (fr)
SG (1) SG194534A1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI458935B (fr)
UA (1) UA108303C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012143218A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201308579B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10514234B2 (en) * 2013-03-27 2019-12-24 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Method and apparatus for improving the aim of a weapon station, firing a point-detonating or an air-burst projectile
US11067373B2 (en) 2019-05-23 2021-07-20 Sensorpia Co. Airburst munition and airburst signal transfer device
US11933585B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2024-03-19 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Method and apparatus for improving the aim of a weapon station, firing a point-detonating or an air-burst projectile

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013108822C5 (de) 2013-08-14 2017-08-10 Krauss-Maffei Wegmann Gmbh & Co. Kg Waffe und Wurfkörper mit RFID-System
JP6190516B1 (ja) * 2016-12-01 2017-08-30 株式会社日本製鋼所 飛翔速度測定装置及び飛翔速度測定システム

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US4144815A (en) * 1973-01-05 1979-03-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Remote settable fuze information link
US3952661A (en) * 1974-07-25 1976-04-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Fluidic fuze
US4047485A (en) * 1975-12-24 1977-09-13 Motorola, Inc. Compact electrical fuze
US4248153A (en) * 1977-12-21 1981-02-03 A/S Kongsberg Vapenfabrikk Combination fuze for missiles
US5070786A (en) * 1990-09-26 1991-12-10 Honeywell Inc. Standoff sensor antennae for munitions having explosively formed penetrators
US6216595B1 (en) * 1997-04-03 2001-04-17 Giat Industries Process for the in-flight programming of a trigger time for a projectile element
US5894102A (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-04-13 Aai Corporation Self-correcting inductive fuze setter
US6591754B1 (en) * 1999-08-25 2003-07-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Pyrotechnical ignition system with integrated ignition circuit
US6272995B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2001-08-14 Kdi Precision Products, Inc. High precision fuze for a munition
US8110784B2 (en) * 2003-08-12 2012-02-07 Omnitek Partners Llc Projectile having one or more windows for transmitting power and/or data into/from the projectile interior
US8916809B2 (en) * 2003-08-12 2014-12-23 Omnitek Partners Llc Projectile having a window for transmitting power and/or data into the projectile interior
US20050039625A1 (en) * 2003-08-12 2005-02-24 Rastegar Jahangir S. Projectile having a casing and/or interior acting as a communication bus between electronic components
US7296520B1 (en) * 2004-11-15 2007-11-20 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary External telemetry unit
US20070074625A1 (en) * 2005-05-23 2007-04-05 Jens Seidensticker Method and device for setting the fuse and/or correcting the ignition time of a projectile
US7506586B1 (en) * 2005-08-04 2009-03-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Munitions energy system
US7431237B1 (en) * 2006-08-10 2008-10-07 Hr Textron, Inc. Guided projectile with power and control mechanism
US20080211710A1 (en) * 2006-12-08 2008-09-04 Henry Frick Method for measuring the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like
US20090289619A1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2009-11-26 Rheinmetall Air Defence Ag Apparatus and method for measurement of the muzzle velocity of a projectile or the like
US8125398B1 (en) * 2009-03-16 2012-02-28 Rockwell Collins, Inc. Circularly-polarized edge slot antenna
US20100308152A1 (en) * 2009-06-08 2010-12-09 Jens Seidensticker Method for correcting the trajectory of terminally guided ammunition
US20140007759A1 (en) * 2010-02-01 2014-01-09 Henry Roger Frick Programmable ammunition
US20140007760A1 (en) * 2010-02-01 2014-01-09 Henry Roger Frick Method and device for programming a projectile
US20140060297A1 (en) * 2010-02-01 2014-03-06 Henry Roger Frick Method and device for transmitting energy to a projectile
US20120291650A1 (en) * 2011-04-02 2012-11-22 Advanced Material Engineering Pte Ltd Electro-Mechanical Fuze For A Projectile

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10514234B2 (en) * 2013-03-27 2019-12-24 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Method and apparatus for improving the aim of a weapon station, firing a point-detonating or an air-burst projectile
US11933585B2 (en) 2013-03-27 2024-03-19 Nostromo Holdings, Llc Method and apparatus for improving the aim of a weapon station, firing a point-detonating or an air-burst projectile
US11067373B2 (en) 2019-05-23 2021-07-20 Sensorpia Co. Airburst munition and airburst signal transfer device

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Publication number Publication date
UA108303C2 (uk) 2015-04-10
KR20140045937A (ko) 2014-04-17
CN103562671A (zh) 2014-02-05
JP2014515817A (ja) 2014-07-03
ZA201308579B (en) 2014-07-30
RU2013151167A (ru) 2015-05-27
BR112013026863A2 (pt) 2017-10-17
SG194534A1 (en) 2013-12-30
EP2699871A1 (fr) 2014-02-26
WO2012143218A1 (fr) 2012-10-26
TWI458935B (zh) 2014-11-01
DE102011018248B3 (de) 2012-03-29
ES2534443T3 (es) 2015-04-23
TW201303255A (zh) 2013-01-16
CA2833460A1 (fr) 2012-10-26
EP2699871B1 (fr) 2015-01-28
DK2699871T3 (da) 2015-04-27

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