US20130252861A1 - Lubricant for hot forging applications - Google Patents
Lubricant for hot forging applications Download PDFInfo
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- US20130252861A1 US20130252861A1 US13/613,663 US201213613663A US2013252861A1 US 20130252861 A1 US20130252861 A1 US 20130252861A1 US 201213613663 A US201213613663 A US 201213613663A US 2013252861 A1 US2013252861 A1 US 2013252861A1
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- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- oil
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- graphite
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/04—Elements
- C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/04—Well-defined cycloaliphatic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/04—Groups 2 or 12
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/06—Groups 3 or 13
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/08—Groups 4 or 14
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/10—Groups 5 or 15
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/242—Hot working
Definitions
- Forged metal articles are frequently used for various parts in many items, including airplanes, automobiles, electronic components, etc.
- Iron has traditionally been the metal of choice for most forged metal applications; however the preferred material for many recent applications is changing from iron to lighter alloys, such as aluminum alloys, in order to meet the demand for reducing the overall weight of the material.
- lighter alloys such as aluminum alloys
- a lubricant or lubricating oil is disposed between the metal mold and the workpiece to be molded so as to avoid adhesion between them and to improve the separation ability of the forged article from the metal mold.
- the proper lubricant is critical in order to allow for proper movement in the die cavities and to allow the forging process to be repeated as many times as possible in succession without re-application of lubricant.
- Conventional lubricants which include oil-soluble lubricants with added graphite and water-soluble lubricants consisting of synthetic esters, silicone oils, graphite, extreme-pressure additives and surface active agents, have been typically used as lubricants in aluminum alloy forging.
- the existing oil-soluble lubricants have disadvantages, such as flammability, causing smoking and/or workshop contamination, etc.
- many oil-soluble lubricants that contain graphite burn when the application temperature is greater than 300° C., such as is required for hot forging of aluminum, causing unsafe working conditions and an increased risk of accidents.
- the existing water-soluble lubricants have disadvantages including the requirement for treatment of waste water to control water pollution after use which results in cost increases, equipment investment and processing inefficiency.
- Conventional hot aluminum forging lubricants that best facilitate die movement typically include one or more organic lead compounds, such as lead naphthenate and lead stearate.
- organic lead compounds such as lead naphthenate and lead stearate.
- the use of lead in lubricating compositions has come into disfavor because of the health hazards caused by the release of lead into the atmosphere.
- some of the organic lead present in the lubricant is dispersed into the air in quantities which are unacceptable to most local and national governmental regulatory agencies.
- Such agencies have banned the use of lead in many industries and, where it is still allowed, severely limited the concentrations that may be discharged into the atmosphere.
- the hot forging industry would be required to install very expensive exhaust and air filtration systems to lower the concentration of atmospheric lead to acceptable limits. Such exhaust and filtration systems would not be economically feasible for many aluminum hot forging facilities.
- the present invention discloses a lubricant for use in hot forging or metal deformation of metals, especially aluminum and aluminum alloy components, titanium and superalloys.
- the lubricant comprises one or more oils, graphite, and one or more phosphorus-based additives. Additional additives, such as metallic lubricants, dispersants, thickeners and wetting agents may also be included.
- the lubricant of the present invention is substantially lead-free and does not burn when subjected to temperatures in excess of 300° C.
- the present invention discloses a lubricant for use in hot-forging applications, such as those utilized in forging aluminum and aluminum workpieces into the desired articles.
- hot forging applications require lubricant materials that do not produce smoke or flame in the general temperature range of about 300° C. to about 600° C.
- lubricants are substantially lead-free.
- the lubricant of the present invention is an oil-based lubricant.
- the oil utilized may be virtually any composition known in the art, including but not limited to mineral oil, such as naphthenic, aliphatic, paraffinic or steam cylinder oil, vegetable oil, such as sunflower oil, olive oil or rapeseed oil, animal oil, such as lard oil, synthetic oil, such as polyalphaolefins and silicone oil, semi-synthetic oil, such as glycerol trioleate and mixtures thereof.
- Preferred oils include vegetable, mineral and animal oils. Such oils are commercially available as Process Oil 1000 from Texaco (UK), Lard oil from Welch, Holm and Clark Co. (USA), Soybean oil from BG International (USA.).
- a second component of the lubricant is a graphite additive.
- the graphite may be in any form known in the art, including but not limited to coarse, fine, milled, unmilled, natural, synthetic or mixtures thereof.
- the graphite component of the lubricant provides for a physical separation between the workpiece and the die during the forging operation. Fine graphite having a particle size distribution with about 90% of the particles below 15 microns in size is especially preferred. Such graphite is commercially available from Acheson Industries, Inc.
- One or more phosphorus-based additives are included in the lubricant.
- the phosphorus additive reduces and eliminates burning of the lubricant at high temperatures.
- the phosphorus can be in any desired form, such as phosphate, ester phosphate, phosphate amine, ammonium phosphate or mixtures thereof.
- One preferred phosphorous-based material is phosphate ester. Such phosphorous is commercially available from Connect Chemical (F), Ferro (USA).
- the hot forging lubricant composition optionally contains one or more metallic lubricating additives.
- the metallic additives may be chosen from one or more of the metallic elements, including tin, bismuth, zinc, aluminum or any alloys thereof.
- the lubricant composition may optionally contain additional ingredients such as dispersants, rheology modifiers, biocides, anticorrosives, extreme pressure additives, antifoam agents, wetting agents, metal soaps and mixtures thereof.
- the lubricant of the present invention comprises in the range of about 1 to about 99 weight percent oil, preferably in the range of about 1 to about 70% oil and most preferably in the range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent oil.
- the lubricant contains in the range of about 1 to about 99 weight percent graphite, preferably in the range of about 1 to about 30 weight percent graphite and most preferably in the range of about 3 to about 20 weight percent graphite.
- the lubricant contains in the range of about 1 to about 99 weight percent phosphorous additive, preferably in the range of about 1 to about 80 weight percent phosphorous additive and most preferably in the range of about 30 to about 80 weight percent of the phosphorous additive.
- a further embodiment of the invention comprises a method for forging an article.
- the method comprises the steps of applying the lead-free lubricant to one or both of the forging apparatus or the workpiece to be forged.
- the workpiece is inserted into the forging apparatus and forged into the desired article.
- the forging apparatus is opened and the article is easily removed due to the presence of the lubricant.
- the workpiece is inserted before the application of the lubricant and the workpiece and die surface are then lubricated simultaneously.
- Example 1 A lubricant composition may be produced by adequately mixing the raw materials together via standard mixing techniques, such as mastication of stirring. The composition of the samples is shown in Table 1.
- the lubricant composition of Table 1 was applied on hot forging dies at temperatures of 440° C. ⁇ 40° C.
- the dies were utilized for a series of hot aluminum forging applications and the lubricant did not produce flames during the process.
- the lubricant properties relating to the die and the aluminum part being forged were superior.
Abstract
A substantially lead-free lubricant for use in hot forging of metals, especially forging of aluminum and aluminum alloy components. The lubricant comprises one or more oils, graphite, and one or more phosphorus-based additives. Additional additives, such as metallic lubricants and dispersants may also be included. The lubricant does not burn when subjected to temperatures in excess of 300° C.
Description
- Forged metal articles are frequently used for various parts in many items, including airplanes, automobiles, electronic components, etc. Iron has traditionally been the metal of choice for most forged metal applications; however the preferred material for many recent applications is changing from iron to lighter alloys, such as aluminum alloys, in order to meet the demand for reducing the overall weight of the material. In recent years, the demand for lightweight products of high quality with good workability has increased and has led to a similar increase in the use of aluminum alloy forging technology.
- In the metal forging work or process, a lubricant or lubricating oil is disposed between the metal mold and the workpiece to be molded so as to avoid adhesion between them and to improve the separation ability of the forged article from the metal mold. The proper lubricant is critical in order to allow for proper movement in the die cavities and to allow the forging process to be repeated as many times as possible in succession without re-application of lubricant. Conventional lubricants, which include oil-soluble lubricants with added graphite and water-soluble lubricants consisting of synthetic esters, silicone oils, graphite, extreme-pressure additives and surface active agents, have been typically used as lubricants in aluminum alloy forging.
- It is difficult to satisfy the demands of hot aluminum forging by using conventional lubricants. With hot aluminum forging, the existing oil-soluble lubricants have disadvantages, such as flammability, causing smoking and/or workshop contamination, etc. In particular, many oil-soluble lubricants that contain graphite burn when the application temperature is greater than 300° C., such as is required for hot forging of aluminum, causing unsafe working conditions and an increased risk of accidents. Furthermore, the existing water-soluble lubricants have disadvantages including the requirement for treatment of waste water to control water pollution after use which results in cost increases, equipment investment and processing inefficiency.
- Many non-flammable additives have been unsuccessfully tested for use in hot forging. For example, halogenated products have been tested, but they produce halogenated residues that are unwelcome for safety and environmental purposes. Magnesium- and borate-based flame retardants have been tested; however they generate residues that negatively affect the lubrication properties. Organic flame retardants in general are not effective because they are not designed to work at temperatures above 300° C. Further, antimony and barium based products are generally not effective in hot forging applications.
- Conventional hot aluminum forging lubricants that best facilitate die movement typically include one or more organic lead compounds, such as lead naphthenate and lead stearate. The use of lead in lubricating compositions has come into disfavor because of the health hazards caused by the release of lead into the atmosphere. During the hot forging of aluminum some of the organic lead present in the lubricant is dispersed into the air in quantities which are unacceptable to most local and national governmental regulatory agencies. Such agencies have banned the use of lead in many industries and, where it is still allowed, severely limited the concentrations that may be discharged into the atmosphere. In order to continue using lead-containing lubricants, the hot forging industry would be required to install very expensive exhaust and air filtration systems to lower the concentration of atmospheric lead to acceptable limits. Such exhaust and filtration systems would not be economically feasible for many aluminum hot forging facilities.
- It would therefore be advantageous to provide a substantially lead-free lubricant for use in the aluminum and aluminum alloy hot forging industry. Such lubricants provide superior lubrication properties and should not produce smoke or be flammable at temperatures at or above 300° C.
- The present invention discloses a lubricant for use in hot forging or metal deformation of metals, especially aluminum and aluminum alloy components, titanium and superalloys. The lubricant comprises one or more oils, graphite, and one or more phosphorus-based additives. Additional additives, such as metallic lubricants, dispersants, thickeners and wetting agents may also be included. The lubricant of the present invention is substantially lead-free and does not burn when subjected to temperatures in excess of 300° C.
- The present invention discloses a lubricant for use in hot-forging applications, such as those utilized in forging aluminum and aluminum workpieces into the desired articles. Such hot forging applications require lubricant materials that do not produce smoke or flame in the general temperature range of about 300° C. to about 600° C. In order to comply with safety and health regulations, such lubricants are substantially lead-free.
- The lubricant of the present invention is an oil-based lubricant. The oil utilized may be virtually any composition known in the art, including but not limited to mineral oil, such as naphthenic, aliphatic, paraffinic or steam cylinder oil, vegetable oil, such as sunflower oil, olive oil or rapeseed oil, animal oil, such as lard oil, synthetic oil, such as polyalphaolefins and silicone oil, semi-synthetic oil, such as glycerol trioleate and mixtures thereof. Preferred oils include vegetable, mineral and animal oils. Such oils are commercially available as Process Oil 1000 from Texaco (UK), Lard oil from Welch, Holm and Clark Co. (USA), Soybean oil from BG International (USA.).
- A second component of the lubricant is a graphite additive. The graphite may be in any form known in the art, including but not limited to coarse, fine, milled, unmilled, natural, synthetic or mixtures thereof. The graphite component of the lubricant provides for a physical separation between the workpiece and the die during the forging operation. Fine graphite having a particle size distribution with about 90% of the particles below 15 microns in size is especially preferred. Such graphite is commercially available from Acheson Industries, Inc.
- One or more phosphorus-based additives are included in the lubricant. The phosphorus additive reduces and eliminates burning of the lubricant at high temperatures. The phosphorus can be in any desired form, such as phosphate, ester phosphate, phosphate amine, ammonium phosphate or mixtures thereof. One preferred phosphorous-based material is phosphate ester. Such phosphorous is commercially available from Connect Chemical (F), Ferro (USA).
- The hot forging lubricant composition optionally contains one or more metallic lubricating additives. The metallic additives may be chosen from one or more of the metallic elements, including tin, bismuth, zinc, aluminum or any alloys thereof.
- The lubricant composition may optionally contain additional ingredients such as dispersants, rheology modifiers, biocides, anticorrosives, extreme pressure additives, antifoam agents, wetting agents, metal soaps and mixtures thereof.
- The lubricant of the present invention comprises in the range of about 1 to about 99 weight percent oil, preferably in the range of about 1 to about 70% oil and most preferably in the range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent oil. The lubricant contains in the range of about 1 to about 99 weight percent graphite, preferably in the range of about 1 to about 30 weight percent graphite and most preferably in the range of about 3 to about 20 weight percent graphite. The lubricant contains in the range of about 1 to about 99 weight percent phosphorous additive, preferably in the range of about 1 to about 80 weight percent phosphorous additive and most preferably in the range of about 30 to about 80 weight percent of the phosphorous additive.
- A further embodiment of the invention comprises a method for forging an article. The method comprises the steps of applying the lead-free lubricant to one or both of the forging apparatus or the workpiece to be forged. The workpiece is inserted into the forging apparatus and forged into the desired article. The forging apparatus is opened and the article is easily removed due to the presence of the lubricant. In an alternative embodiment, the workpiece is inserted before the application of the lubricant and the workpiece and die surface are then lubricated simultaneously.
- The invention is further illustrated by the following non-limiting example: Example. A lubricant composition may be produced by adequately mixing the raw materials together via standard mixing techniques, such as mastication of stirring. The composition of the samples is shown in Table 1.
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TABLE 1 Lubricant Sample Composition Ingredient Weight Percent Vegetable/Animal Oil 15% Fine Graphite 4.4% Mineral Oil 3.2% Metal containing Fatty Acid Derivative 3.2% Phosphate Ester 73% Dispersant 0.2% - The lubricant composition of Table 1 was applied on hot forging dies at temperatures of 440° C.±40° C. The dies were utilized for a series of hot aluminum forging applications and the lubricant did not produce flames during the process. In addition, the lubricant properties relating to the die and the aluminum part being forged were superior.
- Many modifications and variations of this invention can be made without departing from its spirit and scope, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only, and the invention is to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
Claims (18)
1. A hot forging lubricant comprising:
a) about 30-99 wt % of one or more phosphate esters;
b) about 1 to about 70% of one or more oils different from a);
c) about 1 to about 30 weight percent graphite;
d) a metal containing fatty acid derivative; and
e) a dispersant;
wherein said hot forging lubricant is substantially lead-free and, when subjected to forging temperatures in excess of 300° C., said hot forging lubricant does not burn.
2. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the phosphate ester is present in a range of about 30 to about 80 weight percent of the lubricant; the one or more oils is present in a range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent of the lubricant; and the graphite is present in a range of about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the lubricant.
3. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the one or more oils are selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, vegetable oil, animal oil, synthetic oil, semi-synthetic oil and mixtures thereof.
4. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the graphite is selected from the group consisting of coarse, fine, milled, unmilled, natural, synthetic or mixtures thereof.
5. The lubricant of claim 1 , further comprising one or more metallic lubricating additives.
6. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises an additive selected from the group consisting of phosphate, phosphate amine, ammonium phosphate and mixtures thereof.
7. The lubricant of claim 2 , wherein the metal containing fatty acid derivative comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of bismuth, zinc, tin, aluminum or any alloys thereof.
8. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the phosphate ester is present in a range of about 30 to about 80 weight percent of the lubricant.
9. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the one or more oils is present in a range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent of the lubricant.
10. The lubricant of claim 9 , wherein the one or more oils are selected from the group consisting of mineral oil, vegetable oil, animal oil and mixtures thereof.
11. The lubricant of claim 3 , wherein the mineral oil is selected from naphthenic, aliphatic, paraffinic or steam cylinder oil; the vegetable oil is selected from sunflower oil, olive oil or rapeseed oil, and the synthetic oil is selected from polyalphaolefins and silicone oil.
12. The lubricant of claim 1 , wherein the graphite is present in a range of about 3 to about 20 weight percent of the lubricant.
13. The lubricant of claim 11 , wherein the graphite has a particle size distribution with about 90% of particles below 15 microns in size.
14. The lubricant of claim 1 , further comprising one or more selected from the group consisting of rheology modifiers, biocides, anticorrosives, extreme pressure additives, antifoam agents, wetting agents, metal soaps.
15. A hot forging lubricant comprising:
a.) 73% of at least one phosphate ester;
b.) 15% of a vegetable and/or animal oil;
c.) 4.4% of fine graphite;
d.) 3.2% of a mineral oil;
e.) 3.2% of a metal containing fatty acid derivative; and
f.) 0.2% of a dispersant.
16. The lubricant of claim 15 , wherein the mineral oil is selected from naphthenic, aliphatic, paraffinic or steam cylinder oil; and the vegetable oil is selected from sunflower oil, olive oil or rapeseed oil.
17. A hot forging lubricant consisting of:
a.) phosphate ester;
b.) vegetable and/or animal oil
c.) fine graphite
d.) mineral oil
e.) metal containing fatty acid derivative
f.) dispersant; and
g.) optionally additional ingredients selected from rheology modifiers, biocides, anticorrosives, extreme pressure additives, antifoam agents, wetting agents and mixtures thereof;
wherein the hot forging lubricant does not burn at temperatures in a range of about 300° C. to about 600° C.
18. The lubricant of claim 17 , wherein the phosphate ester is present in a range of about 30 to about 80 weight percent of the lubricant; the vegetable and/or animal oil is present in a range of about 15 to about 40 weight percent of the lubricant; and the graphite is present in a range of about 1 to about 20 weight percent of the lubricant.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US13/613,663 US20130252861A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2012-09-13 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/545,883 US8283296B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2006-10-11 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
DE102009002996A DE102009002996A1 (en) | 2009-05-11 | 2009-05-11 | Adhesives with acoustic damping effect |
DE102009002996.6 | 2009-05-11 | ||
US13/613,663 US20130252861A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2012-09-13 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
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US11/545,883 Continuation US8283296B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2006-10-11 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
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US20130252861A1 true US20130252861A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
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US11/545,883 Expired - Fee Related US8283296B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2006-10-11 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
US13/613,663 Abandoned US20130252861A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2012-09-13 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
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US11/545,883 Expired - Fee Related US8283296B2 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2006-10-11 | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
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US (2) | US8283296B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2087085B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5571956B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101809131B (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0719278A2 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2497937C2 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI476277B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008045647A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (11)
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JP5232755B2 (en) * | 2009-10-23 | 2013-07-10 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition for forging process and forging apparatus |
CN102311840A (en) * | 2011-08-31 | 2012-01-11 | 燕山大学 | Lubricating additive silicon carbide derived carbon |
CN102925269B (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2014-06-11 | 上海应用技术学院 | Aluminum alloy semisynthesis cutting liquid and preparation method thereof |
CN104479819A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-04-01 | 广西大学 | Composition of aluminum and aluminum alloy hot forging lubricant |
CN104327927A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2015-02-04 | 广西大学 | Low-alloy steel hot-forging lubricant composition |
CN107164024A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-09-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Lubricant oil composite and purposes |
CN107653038A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 深圳市奥科宝特种油剂有限公司 | A kind of hot upsetting oil and preparation method thereof |
JP7280228B2 (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2023-05-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Plunger lubricant for die casting and its application method |
CN114317091A (en) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-12 | 惠州金永信五金制品有限公司 | Lubricant suitable for plate punch forming |
CN112481012A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-12 | 江苏南洋中京科技有限公司 | Cooling lubricating liquid for hot forging and application thereof |
CN114032022B (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2023-02-24 | 常州威斯敦粘合材料有限责任公司 | Outer transparent self-repairing coating for photovoltaic transparent backboard and preparation method thereof |
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-
2006
- 2006-10-11 US US11/545,883 patent/US8283296B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-09-11 BR BRPI0719278-9A2A patent/BRPI0719278A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-09-11 JP JP2009532487A patent/JP5571956B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-09-11 RU RU2009117612/04A patent/RU2497937C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2007-09-11 EP EP07842217.7A patent/EP2087085B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-09-11 WO PCT/US2007/078113 patent/WO2008045647A1/en active Application Filing
- 2007-09-11 CN CN200780041342.6A patent/CN101809131B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-10-09 TW TW096137748A patent/TWI476277B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-09-13 US US13/613,663 patent/US20130252861A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008045647A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
US8283296B2 (en) | 2012-10-09 |
CN101809131A (en) | 2010-08-18 |
JP2010506971A (en) | 2010-03-04 |
EP2087085A1 (en) | 2009-08-12 |
EP2087085A4 (en) | 2011-06-15 |
US20080090740A1 (en) | 2008-04-17 |
EP2087085B1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
RU2497937C2 (en) | 2013-11-10 |
JP5571956B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 |
TWI476277B (en) | 2015-03-11 |
RU2009117612A (en) | 2010-11-20 |
TW200835788A (en) | 2008-09-01 |
CN101809131B (en) | 2016-03-16 |
BRPI0719278A2 (en) | 2014-04-29 |
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