Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
  • A61K8/42—Amides
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  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/407—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/557—Eicosanoids, e.g. leukotrienes or prostaglandins
  • A61K31/5575—Eicosanoids, e.g. leukotrienes or prostaglandins having a cyclopentane, e.g. prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2-alpha
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
  • A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
  • A61K38/12—Cyclic peptides, e.g. bacitracins; Polymyxins; Gramicidins S, C; Tyrocidins A, B or C
  • A61K38/13—Cyclosporins
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
  • A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/02—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K8/04—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K8/06—Emulsions
  • A61K8/062—Oil-in-water emulsions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/33—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing oxygen
  • A61K8/36—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
  • A61K8/361—Carboxylic acids having more than seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain; Salts or anhydrides thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/49—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K8/4906—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom
  • A61K8/4913—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom having five membered rings, e.g. pyrrolidone carboxylic acid
  • A61K8/492—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing heterocyclic compounds with one nitrogen as the only hetero atom having five membered rings, e.g. pyrrolidone carboxylic acid having condensed rings, e.g. indol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
  • A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
  • A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
  • A61K8/64—Proteins; Peptides; Derivatives or degradation products thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
  • A61K9/107—Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P17/00—Drugs for dermatological disorders
  • A61P17/06—Antipsoriatics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
  • A61P3/02—Nutrients, e.g. vitamins, minerals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/10—Antimycotics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
  • A61Q3/00—Manicure or pedicure preparations
  • A61Q3/02—Nail coatings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K2300/00—Mixtures or combinations of active ingredients, wherein at least one active ingredient is fully defined in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00

Definitions

• the present application is directed to compositions for enhancing nail and cuticle health and growth.
• Hair and nails including toenails and fingernails, are primarily composed of the protein keratin. These protein amino acid chains are held together by similar peptide bonds. The factors that affect the growth of nails and hair and the requirements for their proper health are similar.
• Fingernails and toenails are living tissue.
• the nail is formed in a pocket of skin which has grown inward and is called the nail matrix. This area generates the nail and is also called the root of the nail.
• the outer layer of the matrix contains specialized cells that create the keratin that grows out as the nail plate.
• the nail plate is the commonly referred to as a fingernail or toenail.
• the nail bed is the finger tissue or toe tissue that supports the nail. Nails grow continuously throughout a person's life, growing approximately at an average rate of 3 millimeters a month. Fingernails may require 3 to 6 months to re-grow completely, and toenails require approximately 12 to 18 months. Actual growth rate is dependent upon age, gender, season, exercise level, diet, and hereditary factors.
• Brittle Nail Syndrome can be characterized by trachyonychia (e.g. surface roughness), lamellar onychoschizia (e.g. horizontal layering/peeling), and/or onychorrhexis (e.g. longitudinal cracking or splitting of the distal edge).
• Brittle Nail Syndrome can also result in nail fragility, lack of thickness and/or poor nail growth. Brittle Nail Syndrome is due in part to chronic inflammation of the nail bed.
• fingernail and toe nail problems due to various conditions such as anemia, vitamin or mineral deficiency, onycohrrhexis, kidney and liver disorders, psoriasis, vascular disease (e.g., Raynaud's disease) and heart disease often result in poor nail growth, vertical trenches, pitting, cracking, horizontal lines, lack of thickness and strength, lack of smoothness, tendency to tear and other symptoms of Brittle Nail Syndrome.
• vascular disease e.g., Raynaud's disease
• the present invention is directed to compositions and methods for enhancing nail health, cuticle health and/or nail growth in a mammal, including humans. Certain embodiments of the invention are directed to compositions and methods for treating Brittle Nail Syndrome in a mammal, including humans.
• the compositions include one or more prostaglandins and/or prostamides, including analogs/prodrugs thereof.
• the compositions include one or more anti-inflammatory drugs.
• the compositions include one or more prostaglandins and/or prostamides in combination with one or more anti-inflammatory drugs.
• the composition used for enhancing nail health comprises bimatoprost.
• Bimatoprost is sold by Allergan, Inc. of Irvine, Calif., U.S.A. as Lumigan® ophthalmic solution, for treating glaucoma, and as Latisse® for increasing the growth of eyelashes when applied in the FDA approved manner.
• compositions can be administered topically to the nail bed, nail matrix, the end or tip of the nail and cuticle in an amount effective to enhance nail health and/or cuticle health, for example by thickening, strengthening and/or smoothing the nail and/or cuticle, and in certain embodiments by treating Brittle Nail Syndrome.
• the compositions can be administered topically to the nail bed, nail matrix, the end or tip of the nail and cuticle in an amount effective to enhance nail growth.
• the composition can be administered once a day, twice a day, three times a day, four times a day, five times a day, six times a day, once a week, twice a week, three times a week, four times a week, five times a week or six times a week.
• the composition can come in a kit comprising a vial or dispenser containing the composition and an applicator (e.g. brush).
• compositions of the present invention include but are not limited to emulsions, microemulsions, reverse emulsions, solutions, colloids, suspensions, dispersions, gels, pastes and polishes.
• the composition includes at least one active compound selected from a prostaglandin, a prostamide, and analogs/prodrugs/derivatives thereof.
• the composition includes at least one prostamide derivative (e.g. bimatoprost).
• the composition includes a combination of a prostamide derivative (e.g. brimatoprost) and an anti-inflammatory (e.g. ketorolac).
• the composition includes a combination of at least one prostamide derivative and at least one immunomodulator.
• the composition includes a combination of bimatoprost and cyclosporine.
• the composition includes at least one retinoid such as tazortene.
• the composition includes biotin and/or silicone.
• Certain embodiments of the present invention are directed to oil-in-water emulsions optionally containing an active compound wherein the emulsions can contain at least one oil and/or surfactant.
• the emulsion contains castor oil, polysorbate 80, glycerine, NaOH and may optionally contain polyacrylates such as carbomer and PEMULEN® and other additional ingredients.
• the composition includes 0.5% w/v carboxy methyl cellulose, 0.9% w/v glycerine, 0.25% carnitine and 0.25% w/v erythritol and purite.
• Castor oil or another oil or another hydrophobic component such as vegetable oils, animal oils, mineral oils, synthetic oils, higher fatty acid glycerides and the like and mixtures thereof, some of which are listed below in the Detailed Description, may be present in the composition in concentrations from 1.25% w/v, 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/
• Polysorbate 80 or another suitable surfactant such as alcohols including carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols, amine oxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fatty acids, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, lignin derivatives, methyl esters, mono- and tri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymeric surfactants, propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, or alkyl phenols, protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives, some of which are listed below in the Detailed Description, may be present in concentrations of in certain embodiments in the amount of 1.0% w/v or 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w
• Pemulen TR-2 or carbomer 1342, or other polymers or polymers of acrylic acid which are well known in the art can be present in the amounts of 0.05% w/w or 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.0
• Glycerine and mannitol, or other tonicity adjusters which are known in the art can be present in the amounts of 1.0% w/w or 2.0% w/w respectively, or 0.01%-w/v-10.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-5.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-4.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-3.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-2.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-1.0% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.9% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.8% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.7% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.6% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.5% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.4% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.3% w/v, 0.1% w/v-0.2% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v
• the emulsion contains: 1.0% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.05% w/w glycerine, 1.0% w/w castor oil, 0.08% w/w pemulin TR-2, 1.5% w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water.
• Another embodiment includes an emulsion that contains: 1.0% w/w polysorbate 80, 1.0% w/w glycerine, 1.25% w/w castor oil, 0.05% w/w pemulin TR-2, 2.0% w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water.
• Another emulsion contains: 1.5% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.05% w/w glycerine, 0.05% w/w castor oil, 0.08% w/w pemulin TR-2, 1.5% w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water.
• Another emulsion of the present invention contains 1.2% w/w polysorbate 80, 1.0% w/w glycerine, 1.50% w/w castor oil, 0.05% w/w pemulin TR-2, 2.5% w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water.
• Another emulsion of the present invention 0.5% w/w polysorbate 80, 1.0% w/w glycerine, 1.25% w/w castor oil, 0.05% w/w pemulin TR-2, 1.0% w/w mannitol, sodium hydroxide to a pH of 7.4 and purified water.
• compositions for use in enhancing nail health, enhancing cuticle health, and/or enhancing nail growth in a human or animal comprising at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide, and analog/prodrug/derivative thereof and mixture thereof.
• composition of embodiment 1, wherein the composition is an oil-in-water emulsion.
• composition of embodiment 2, wherein the emulsion comprises castor oil and a surfactant.
• composition of embodiment 2 or 3, wherein the emulsion further comprises an anti-inflammatory drug and/or an immunomodulator.
• composition of embodiment 4, wherein the anti-inflammatory is ketorolac.
• composition of embodiment 4, wherein the immunomodulator is cyclosporine A.
• composition of any of embodiments 1-9 comprising 1.0% w/v polysorbate 80, 2.2% w/v glycerine, 1.25% w/v castor oil, 0.05% w/v pemulin.
• composition of any of embodiments 1-9 comprising 0.5%-1.5% w/w polysorbate 80, 0.5%-1.5% w/w glycerine, 0.5%-1.5% w/w castor oil, 0.05%-0.1% w/w carbomer 1342 and mannitol.
• composition of any of embodiments 1-12 which is also useful for treating a disorder of the toenail or fingernail selected from the group consisting of Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriatic nail dystrophy, brittle nail syndrome, increasing nail length and thickness, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis, onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis, onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis, paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis, koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic acid deficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychia
• a method of enhancing nail health, enhancing cuticle health and/or enhancing nail growth in a human or animal comprising:
• an oil-in-water emulsion to the nails, cuticles or nail matrix of the human or animal at least once a day, wherein the emulsion comprises at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide, and analog/prodrug/derivative thereof.
• oil-in-water emulsion further comprises an anti-inflammatory drug and/or an immunomodulator.
• the oil is selected from the group consisting of: Anise oil; Castor oil; Clove oil; Cassia oil; Cinnamon oil; oils having a specific gravity between 0.90 and 0.95; Almond oil; Corn oil; Arachis oil; Cottonseed oil; Safflower oil; Maize oil; Linseed oil; Rapeseed oil; Soybean oil; Olive oil; Caraway oil; Rosemary oil; Peanut oil; Peppermint oil; Sunflower oil; Eucalyptus oil; Sesame oil; an oil having a specific gravity specific gravity below 0.9; Mineral oil; Coriander oil; Lavender oil; Citronella oil; Juniper oil; Lemon oil; Orange oil; Clary sage oil; Nutmeg oil; and, Tea tree oil.
• the oil-in-water emulsion further contains a surfactant selected from the group consisting of Polysorbate 80, carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols, amine oxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fatty acids, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, lignin derivatives, methyl esters, mono- and tri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymeric surfactants, propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, or alkyl phenols, protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives.
• a surfactant selected from the group consisting of Polysorbate 80, carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols, amine oxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fatty acids, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty
• any of embodiments 1-21 which is also useful for treating a disorder of the toenail and fingernail selected from the group consisting of Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriatic nail dystrophy, brittle nail syndrome, increasing nail length and thickness, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis, onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis, onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis, paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis, koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic acid deficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychi
• a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of a disease selected from the group consisting of Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriatic nail dystrophy, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis, onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis, onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis, paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis, koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic acid deficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychia, protein deficiency, brittle and peeling nails, methyl meth
• bimatoprost is present in a concentration selected from the group consisting of 0.1 to 20% w/v, 0.1-10% w/v, 0.1-5% w/v, 0.1-1.0% w/v, 0.09%-0.1% w/v, 0.08%-0.1% w/v, 0.07%-0.1% w/v, 0.06%-0.1% w/v, 0.05%-0.1% w/v, 0.04%-0.1% w/v, 0.03%-0.1% w/v, 0.02%-0.1% w/v, 0.01%-0.1% w/v, 0.01-0.09%, 0.01-0.08% 0.01-0.07% w/v, 0.01-0.06% w/v, 0.01-0.05% w/v, 0.01-0.04% w/v, 0.01-0.03% w/v, 0.01-0.02% w/v, 0.01-0.0125% w/v and most preferably 0.01 to 0.05%
• “Brittle Nail Syndrome” means brittleness, fragility, hangnails, peeling, cracking, raggedness, dullness, thinning, layering, roughness, and/or fraying of the nail.
• Cuticle or “eponychium” means the thickened layer of skin surrounding the nail.
• “Enhancing nail growth” means an increase in nail growth rate and/or nail thickness.
• “Enhancing nail health” or “improving nail health” means a decrease in nail pitting, nail cracking, nail splitting, nail dullness, nail roughness, (trachyonychia) nail raggedness, nail peeling, nail fraying, tendency to tear, nail layering (lamellar onychoschizia), Beau's lines, onycohmadesis, oncholysis, onychorrhexis, nail fragility, nail paronychia, nail onychomycosis, and/or Brittle Nail Syndrome. “Enhancing nail health” includes the treatment of Brittle Nail Syndrome.
• Excipients means any material that is combined with a drug (e.g. “immunomodulator” and/or “anti-inflammatory”) in order to produce a drug dosage form. Such Excipients can be combined, for example, to facilitate drug delivery.
• excipients include, for example, water, oils, surfactants and colorants.
• Nail means toenail and/or fingernail. Nail includes the nail plate, the nail matrix, the nail bed below it, and the nail grooves surrounding it. Nails are made of keratin.
• Safe and effective amount means an amount of the composition which is sufficient to provide a level of treatment to a condition, but is not so great as to provide side effects to the user that are so great as to make treatment medically imprudent.
• “Therapeutically effective” or “treatment” in context of a formulation means that when applied to the nail according to sound medical practice, it causes a demonstratable effect to enhance nail health, enhance cuticle health, and/or enhance nail growth. Such demonstration can be at the gross pathological level (e.g. visual improvement of nail health by, for example, reduction in brittleness, peeling, cracking, raggedness, roughness and/or hangnails; and/or measurable increase in nail growth), or subjective level (subject's perception of enhanced nail health, cuticle health and/or nail growth).
• Therapeutically effective or Treatment can be curative, palliative and/or prophylactic or preventive treatment.
• % in reference to a concentration of a component of a composition, means the ratio of weight of a component to total weight expressed as a percent, unless otherwise stated.
• compositions for practicing the invention can be emulsions, colloids, suspensions, semi-solids, solutions, dispersions, capsules, gels, lotions, creams and the like.
• Compositions of the present invention include at least one of a prostaglandin, prostamide, and/or an analog prodrug or derivative thereof (e.g. bimatoprost), an anti-inflammatory (e.g. ketorolac), an immunomodulator (e.g. cyclosporine), retinoid (e.g. tazarotene), biotin, and silicone.
• prostaglandin and/or prostamide components can be combined with carriers which form emulsions upon mixing with water. Emulsions are described, for example, and without limitation, in Cavanak U.S. Pat. No. 4,388,307, the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated in its entirety by reference.
• compositions of the present invention are applied topically on the nail by an applicator and in certain embodiments can be administered once or multiple times-a-day.
• the emulsion formulations work to enhance nail health, enhance cuticle health, and/or enhance nail growth.
• the emulsion formulations work to improve and/or restore nails and cuticles to their natural health (e.g. to thicken, strengthen and smooth the nail), and improved nail growth in thickness and length.
• compositions of the present invention may be used for treatment of disorders of the toenail and fingernail such as Brittle Nail Syndrome, nail psoriasis, psoriatic nail dystrophy, brittle nail syndrome, increasing nail length and thickness, onychia, onychiagryposis, onychia trophia, onychocryptosis, onychodystrophy, onychogryposis, onycholysis, onychomadesis, onychauxis, onychomycosis, onychorrhexis, tinea unguium, onychophosis, onychoptosis, paronychia, pseudomonas, pterygium and pterygium inversum unguis, koilonychia, subungual hematoma or other trauma to the nail, folic acid deficiency, leukonychia, nail patella syndrome, melanonychia, protein deficiency, brittle and
• compositions will contribute to enhance global nail health, increase nail strength, increase nail growth rate and thickness, increase cuticle health, decrease brittle nail syndrome, decrease weak nails, decrease nail pitting, decrease nail cracking, decrease nail splitting, decrease nail dullness, decrease nail roughness, (trachyonychia) decrease nail raggedness, decrease nail peeling, decrease nail fraying, decrease nails tendency to tear, decrease nail layering (lamellar onychoschizia), decrease Beau's lines, decrease onycohmadesis, decrease oncholysis, decrease onychorrhexis, decrease nail fragility, decrease nail paronychia, and decrease nail onychomycosis.
• the emulsions include hydrophobic components such as a pharmaceutically acceptable oil.
• the hydrophobic component may be present in an effective amount, for example, in an amount of up to about 0.01%-90% w/v but preferably from about 0.01-10% by w/v, 0.05%-5% w/v, 0.05%-2% w/v or 1.0%-1.5% by w/v.
• useful pharmaceutically acceptable oils include vegetable oils, animal oils, mineral oils, synthetic oils and the like and mixtures thereof.
• the hydrophobic component may comprise or consist of one or higher fatty acid glycerides.
• the hydrophobic component comprises castor oil.
• Surfactants may also be present in amounts of up to about 0.01-10% by w/v, 0.05% -5% w/v, 0.05%-2% w/v or 1.0%-1.5% by w/v.
• Surfactants may include alcohols including carboxylated and ethoxylated alcohols, amine oxides, block polymers, fatty acids including carboxylic fatty acids, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, ethoxylated fatty esters, glycerol esters, lanolin-based derivatives, lignin derivatives, methyl esters, mono- and tri-glycerides, polyethylene glycols, polymeric surfactants, propoxylated and ethoxylated fatty acids, alcohols, or alkyl phenols, protein based surfactants, sucrose and glucose esters and derivatives,
• the surfactant is a polysorbate and in particular polysorbate 80, but other surfactants may be used.
• Nonionic surfactants can be used, including those surfactants having a hydrophile/lipophile balance (HLB) of 10 or more.
• HLB hydrophile/lipophile balance
• certain combinations of high- and low-HLB surfactants may be utilized; including such mixed surfactants used in ratio such that the aggregate surfactant HLB (when weighted according to proportions used) remains in excess of 10.
• surfactants include, but are not limited to, polyoxyethylene derivatives of natural or hydrogenated vegetable oils such as castor oil; polyoxyethylene-sorbitan fatty acid esters, such as mono-, di- and tri-lauryl, palmityl, stearyl and oleyl esters; alkyl/dialykyl sulfate, sulfonate or sulfosuccinate salts such as sodium lauryl sulfate and dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate; polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters; phospholipids such as lecithins; transesterification products of natural vegetable oil triglycerides and polyalkylene polyols; sorbitan fatty acid esters; pentaerythritol fatty acid esters; polyoxyethylene glycol alkyl ethers and esters; and the like.
• the surfactants may be used alone or in combination.
• surfactants examples include, without limitation, polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, such as polyoxyethylene glycerol triricinoleate polyoxyl 35 castor oil (CREMOPHOR® EL, available from BASF Corporation), and polyoxyl 40 hydrogenated castor oil (CREMOPHOR® RH40, available from BASF Corporation); mono-fatty acid esters of poloxyethylene (20) sorbitan, such as polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate (TWEEN® 80), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate (TWEEN® 60), polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate (TWEEN® 40), and polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate (TWEEN® 20) (all available from ICI Surfactants, Wilmington, Del.); polyoxyethylene glycol 200 monostearate (MYRJ® 52, available from Calgene Chemicals, Skokie, Ill.); polyglycerol esters with a HLB of 10 or
• low-HLB auxiliary surfactants which may be used include, but are not limited to, polyglycerol oleates (such as CAPROL® 10G40); lecithins; glyceryl monooleate or monolinoleate mixtures (such as MYVEROL® 18-99 or 18-92); propylene glycol laurate; and sorbitan oleates such as sorbitan monooleate (SPAN® 80), sorbitan trioleate (SPAN® 85), and sorbitan sesquioleate (SPAN® 20) (all available from ICI Surfactants, Wilmington, Del.).
• the surfactant phase may comprise about 10% to 90% by weight of the composition. In certain embodiments the surfactant comprises about 20% to about 70% of the composition, and other embodiments about 40% to about 60%
• Prostaglandins are a class of pharmacologically active hormone-like substances that mediate a wide range of physiological functions including blood pressure, smooth muscle contraction, inflammation and vascular permeability.
• a prostaglandin is any member of a group of lipid compounds that are derived enzymatically from fatty acids and have important functions in the animal body. Every prostaglandin contains 20 carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring.
• Prostaglandins are autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators that act upon platelets, endothelium, uterine and mast cells. They are synthesized in the cell from the essential fatty acids (EFAs). EFAs are known to be involved in regulating water loss through the outer layers of the skin and nails.
• EFAs essential fatty acids
• Poor nail health and nail growth are characterized by high water loss throughout the nail, as well as inflammation of the cuticle and surrounding tissue.
• EFA linoleic acid
• An LA derivative, gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is known to reduce inflammation
• prostaglandins are known to regulate inflammatory mediation.
• the present invention recognizes that LA, GLA and prostaglandins may all play a role in nail health.
• One of the factors in poor nail health, brittle nail syndrome and poor nail growth may be the disruption of the conversion of LA to GLA and the consequential biological inhibition of the respective prostaglandins.
• the topical application of prostaglandins are used to enhance nail health, treat brittle nail syndrome and/or enhance nail growth.
• prostaglandins There are nine types of prostaglandins, designated by the letters A to I, the degree of saturation of the side chain of each being designated by subscripts 1, 2, and 3.
• Examples of prostaglandins include, without limitation, prostaglandin E 1 (alprostadil), prostaglandin E 2 (dinoprostone), latanoprost and travoprost.
• Latanoprost and travoprost are actually prostaglandin prodrugs (i.e. 1-isopropyl esters of a prostaglandin) however, they are referred to as prostaglandins because they act on the prostaglandin F receptor, after being hydrolyzed to the 1-carboxylic acid.
• a prostamide also called a prostaglandin-ethanolamide
• COX-2 cyclo-oxygenase-2
• prostamides do not hydrolyze in-situ to the 1-carboxylic acid.
• Examples of prostamides are bimatoprost (the synthetically made ethyl amide of 17-phenyl prostaglandin F 2 ⁇ ) and prostamide F 2 ⁇ .
• Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the compounds of the invention are those formed from acids which form non-toxic addition salts containing pharmaceutically acceptable anions, such as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulfate, or bisulfate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, oxalate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, gluconate, saccharate and p-toluene sulphonate salts.
• pharmaceutically acceptable anions such as the hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, sulfate, or bisulfate, phosphate or acid phosphate, acetate, maleate, fumarate, oxalate, lactate, tartrate, citrate, gluconate, saccharate and p-toluene sulphonate salts.
• derivatives of a prostaglandin or prostamide refer to compounds having structures sufficiently similar to the prostaglandin or prostamide so as to function in a manner substantially similar to or substantially identical to the prostaglandin or prostamide.
• A is an alkylene or alkenylene radical having from two to six carbon atoms, which radical may be interrupted by one or more oxide radicals and substituted with one or more hydroxy, oxo, alkyloxy or alkylcarboxy groups wherein said alkyl radical comprises from one to six carbon atoms;
• B is a cycloalkyl radical having from three to seven carbon atoms, or an aryl radical, selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl aryl and heteroaryl radicals having from four to ten carbon atoms wherein the heteroatom is selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur atoms;
• X is —N(R 4 ) 2 wherein R 4 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and lower alkyl radicals having from one to six carbon atoms, Z is ⁇ O; one of R 1 and R 2 is ⁇ O, —OH or a —O(
• y is 0 or 1
• x is 0 or 1 and x+y are not both
• Y is a radical selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, nitro, amino, thiol, hydroxy, alkyloxy, alkylcarboxy and halo substituted alkyl, wherein said alkyl radical comprises from one to six carbon atoms, n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 3 and R 3 is ⁇ O, —OH or —O(CO)R 6 and hatched lines indicate the ⁇ configuration and solid triangles indicate the ⁇ configuration.
• the prostamide comprises a compound wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are OH, y is 1, x is 0, n is 0 and X is N(H)(C 2 H 5 ),e.g. cyclopentane N-ethyl heptenamide-5-cis-2-(3 ⁇ -hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-trans-pentenyl)-3,5-dihy-droxy, [1 ⁇ ,2 ⁇ ,3 ⁇ ,5 ⁇ ].
• the compound, cyclopentane N-ethyl heptenamide-5-cis-2-(3 ⁇ -hydroxy-5-phenyl-1-trans-pentenyl)-3,5-dih-ydroxy, [1 ⁇ ,2 ⁇ ,3 ⁇ ,5 ⁇ ], is also known as bimatoprost and is publicly available in a topical ophthalmic solution under the tradename, Lumigan® (Allergan, Inc., CA).
• the prostamide may be any of the prostamides disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,395,787, which is hereby incorporated by reference.
• the composition comprises bimatoprost, travoprost, latanoprost, salts thereof, analogs thereof, derivatives thereof, and/or mixtures thereof.
• An immunomodulator also known as an immunotherapy is a substance (e.g. a drug) which has an effect on the immune system.
• Immunomodulators may be used in compositions of the present invention, and include immunosuppressants, immunostimulants and tolerogens. Immunosuppressants inhibit immune response, for example, in autoimmune diseases. Immunostimulants increase the immune response, and can be useful, for example, in infections, immunodeficiency and cancers. Tolerogens induce tolerance and make tissue non-responsive to antigen.
• Immunomomodulators that can be used in compositions of the present invention include and are not limited to: cyclosporine, tacrolimus, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, chlorambucil, mycophenolate mofetil, prednisolone, muromonab CD3, antithymocyte globin (ATG), Rho (D) immuneglobin, efalizumab, levamisole, thalidomide, and mixtures thereof.
• the immunomodulator used in the composition is cyclosporine.
• compositions of the present invention may contain cyclosporine or other active compounds.
• Cyclosporines are a group of nonpolar cyclic oligopeptides with known immunosuppressant activity. Cyclosporine A, along with several other minor metabolites, as well as cyclosporine B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z, have been identified.
• derivatives, salts and the like of such cyclosporines and a number of synthetic analogs have been prepared and may be useful in the present invention.
• cyclosporines may contain a mixture of several individual cyclosporines which all share a cyclic peptide structure consisting of eleven amino acid residues with a total molecular weight of about 1,200, but with different substituents or configurations of some of the amino acids.
• cyclosporine component as used herein is intended to include any individual member of the cyclosporine group, salts thereof, derivatives thereof, analogs thereof and mixtures thereof, as well as mixtures of two or more individual cyclosporines salts thereof, derivatives thereof, analogs thereof and mixtures thereof.
• cyclosporine components include, without limitation, cyclosporine A, derivatives of cyclosporine A, salts of cyclosporine A and the like and mixtures thereof. Cyclosporine A is a useful cyclosporine component.
• cyclosporine As used herein the term “derivatives” of a cyclosporine refer to compounds having structures sufficiently similar to the cyclosporine so as to function in a manner substantially similar to or substantially identical to the cyclosporine, for example, cyclosporine A, in the present methods.
• cyclosporine A derivatives are those selected from ((R)-methylthio-Sar) 3 -(4′-hydroxy-MeLeu) cyclosporine A, ((R)-(Cyclo)alkylthio-Sar) 3 -(4′-hydroxy-MeLeu) 4 -cyclosporine A, and ((R)-(Cyclo)alkylthio-Sar) 3 -cyclosporine A derivatives described below.
• Me is methyl; Alk is 2-6C alkylene or 3-6C cycloalkylene; R is OH, COOH, alkoxycarbonyl, —NR 1 R 2 or N(R 3 )—(CH 2 )—NR 1 R 2 ; wherein R 1 ,R 2 is H, alkyl, 3-6C cycloalkyl, phenyl (optionally substituted by halo, alkoxy, alkoxycarbonyl, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino), benzyl or saturated or unsaturated heterocyclyl having 5 or 6 members and 1-3 heteroatoms; or NR 1 R 2 is a 5 or 6 membered heterocycle which may contain a further N, O or S heteroatom and may be alkylated; R 3 is H or alkyl and n is 2-4; and the alkyl moieties contain 1-4C.
• An anti-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory drug is one or more dermatologically acceptable agents with anti-inflammatory activity which includes agents that blunt an inflammatory reaction, irrespective to the underlying mechanism (e.g. inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, leukotriene production, macrophage function, etc).
• Anti-inflammatory drugs that can be used in the present invention include and are not limited to small molecules with elucidated structures (e.g. a nonsteroidal inflammatory drug or NSAID), and include polymorphs, crystal habits thereof, prodrugs and isomers thereof (including optical, geometric and tautomeric isomers), enantiomers, salts, solvates and complexes thereof and solvates and complexes of salts thereof.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs which may be used in the compositions of the present invention include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids (e.g. corticosteroids), and biological or botanical extracts or preparations.
• NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• steroids e.g. corticosteroids
• biological or botanical extracts or preparations include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), steroids (e.g. corticosteroids), and biological or botanical extracts or preparations.
• Ketorolac is a NSAID in the family of heterocyclic acetic acid derivative. Ketorolac acts by inhibiting the bodily synthesis of prostaglandins by competitive blocking of the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Ketorolac is an isostere of ketoprofen. More precisely, it is a dihydropyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to indomethacin. Derivatives, salts and the like of ketorolac have been prepared and may be useful in the present invention. In at least one embodiment, the tromethamine salt of ketorolac is used in a composition of the present invention.
• ketorolac ( ⁇ )-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol.
• ketorolac The chemical structure of ketorolac is represented by:
• Oils which may be used in the compositions of the present invention, in particular emulsions, and which may be used in combinations of oils including two or more oils and in combination with surfactants, in combinations of two or more surfactants, include but are not limited to:
• Surfactants which may be used in the present invention in combination with one or more oils and in combination with one or more surfactants include, but are not limited to:
• Alcohols including but not limited to:
• Diglycerol® which is available from Solvay Chemicals, Inc.
• Hetoxide GT-80® which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.
• Lexemul BEO® which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.
• Polyglycerol-3® which is available from Solvay Chemicals, Inc.
• Redicote E Series® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC
• Simulsol OX 1005L® which is available from Seppic Inc.
• Stanfax 567® which is available from Para-Chem Standard Div.
• TA-1618® which is available from Procter & Gamble
• Witconol H-31A® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC.
• Amine Oxides including but not limited to:
• AO-405® which is available from Tomah Products®, Inc.
• AO-455® which is available from Tomah Products®, Inc.
• AO 728 Special® which is available from Tomah Products®, Inc.
• Barlox 12® which is available from Lonza Inc.
• Barlox 14® which is available from Lonza Inc.
• Burcoxide Lo® which is available from Burlington Chemical Co.®, Inc.
• Caloxamine LO® which is available from Pilot Chemical Co.
• Chemoxide CAW® which is available from Chemron Corp.
• Chemoxide LM-30® which is available from Chemron Corp.
• Chemoxide LO® which is available from Chemron Corp.
• Chemoxide MO® which is available from Chemron Corp.
• Colalux CAO-35® which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.
• Colalux LO® which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.
• DeMox CAPO® which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc
• Block Polymers including, but not limited to:
• AL 2070® which is available from Uniqema; Antarox 17-R-2®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox 25-R-2®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox 31-R-1®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox P-84®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Antarox P-104/H®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Arnox BP-Series®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Chemonic 435®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic D-25®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Chemonic PL Series®, which is available from Chemron Corp.; Ethox L-121®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Ethox L-122®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Genapol PF-10®, which is available from Clariant Corporation; Genapol PF-20®, which is
• Carboxylated Alcohols or Alkylphenol Ethoxylates including but not limited to,
• Emcol CN-6® which is available from Crompton Corp.; Ethcarb®, which is available from Ethox Chemicals, LLC; Gemtex WNT-Conc®, which is available from Finetex Inc.; Incrodet TD7-C®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Marlinat CM 105/80®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 1072®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4530®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4530 LF®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4534®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4538®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4539®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4539 LF®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Marlowet 4541®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Miran
• Carboxylic Acids/Fatty Acids including, but not limited to:
• Colaterge RAM® which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.
• Colatrope INC® which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.
• Crodacid B® which is available from Croda Inc.
• DeTrope CA-100® which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.
• Latol MTO® which is available from Georgia-Pacific Corp.
• Lumulse CC-33 K® which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.
• Mulls 2218® which is available from Bernel Chemical Co.®, Inc.
• OL-600® which is available from Procter & Gamble
• OL-800® which is available from Procter & Gamble
• R-910® which is available from Procter & Gamble
• S-210® which is available from Procter & Gamble
• Sandopan DTC Acid® which is available from Clariant Corporation
• Sandopan LS 24 N® which is available from Clariant Corporation
• Sandopan MA-18® which is available from Clariant Corporation.
• Ethoxylated Alcohols including, but not limited to,
• Adsee 799® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC; Adsee 799®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Alfonic 610-3.5®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 810-2®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 810-6®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1012-3®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1012-5®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1216CO-1.5®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1216CO-7®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1412-3®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Alfonic 1412-7®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Arlasolve 200®, which is available from Uniqema; Arlasolve 200 Liquid®, which is available from Uniqema; Armix 180-C®, which is
• Ethoxylated Alkylphenols including, but not limited to:
• Antarox LF-222® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Atlox 775®, which is available from Uniqema; Caloxylate N-9®, which is available from Pilot Chemical Co.; Canasol NF-1000®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol NF-3000®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol NF-3070®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol OF 1670®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol OF 2570®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Canasol OF 4070®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Chemax DNP-8®, which is available from Chemax Performance Solutions; Chemax DNP-18®, which is available from Chemax Performance Solutions; Chemax DNP-150/
• Hetoxide NP-4® which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.
• Hetoxide NP-30® which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.
• Hostapal N-100® which is available from Clariant Corporation
• Hostapal N-110® which is available from Clariant Corporation
• Igepal CTA-639W® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Igepal DAP-9® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Igepal OD-410® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Igepal SS-837® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Lipocol NP-9 USP® which is available from Lipo Chemicals, Inc.
• Macol DNP-10® which is available from BASF Corp.
• Marlophen NP 5® which is available from Sasol North America Inc.
• Marlophen P1® which is available from Sasol North America Inc.
• Surfonic NB® which is available from Huntsman LLC
• Surfonic OPB-307® which is
• Soprophor BSU® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Soprophor CY/8® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Soprophor S/25® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Witconol NIO® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC
• Witconol NIW® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC
• Witconol S-100® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC
• Ethoxylated Fatty Acids including, but not limited to:
• Aldo PGHMS® which is available from Lonza Inc.
• Alkamuls TO-15/HR® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Armotan AL-69-66® which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC
• Cerasynt 840® which is available from International Specialty Products/IS
• Cerasynt 945® which is available from International Specialty Products/IS
• Ethoxylated Fatty Esters or Oils including, but not limited to:
• Acconon 6-C10® which is available from Abitec Corporation; Acconon CC-6®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; Acconon CO-7®, which is available from Abitec Corporation; Aldosperse 40/60 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse ML-23®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse MS-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Alkamuls EL-620®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Alkamuls EL-719®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Alkamuls EL-985®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Arlatone G®, which is available from Uniqema; Arlatone T®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1045A®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1086®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1087®, which is available from Uniqe
• Fatty Esters including but not limited to,
• Actralube-Syn 147® which is available from Georgia-Pacific Corp.; Atlas G-1556®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlas G-1564®, which is available from Uniqema; Atlasol Base Oil S®, which is available from Atlas Refinery Inc.; Base ML®, which is available from Keil Chemical; Base MT®, which is available from Keil Chemical; Cerasynt 303®, which is available from International Specialty Products/IS; Dermol 1012®, which is available from Alzo International, Inc.; Kemester 4000®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Lactipol S®, which is available from Canamex Quimicos S.A de C.v; Magrabar PGO®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Mayco Base BFO®, which is available from Dover Chemical Corp.; Methyl Linoleate®, which is available from Hart Chemical Corp.; Pationic 122A®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Pationic
• Glycerol Esters including but not limited to:
• Agro #9 Wint SBO® which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Ahcovel Base 700®, which is available from Uniqema; Aldo HMS FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MLD®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MLD FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MO FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MS®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MS FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MS LG FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MSD®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldo MSD FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse O-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse TS-20 FG®, which is available from Lonza Inc.; Aldosperse TS-40 FG
• Glycol Esters including, but not limited to:
• Alkamuls 600 DO® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Alkamuls SEG® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Atlas EM-2® which is available from Atlas Refinery Inc.
• Cerasynt IP® which is available from International Specialty Products/IS
• Cerasynt M® which is available from International Specialty Products/IS
• Cerasynt MN® which is available from International Specialty Products/IS
• Cerasynt PA® which is available from International Specialty Products/IS
• Chemsperse EGDS® which is available from Chemron Corp.
• Chemsperse EGMS® which is available from Chemron Corp.
• Colonial Monolaurin® which is available from Colonial Chemical Co.
• DeMuls SGE-95® which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.
• Eccoterge 200® which is available from Eastern Color & Chemical Co.
• Emerest 2380® which is available from Cognis Corporation
• Amerchol CAB® which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Amerchol L-101®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Amerlate LFA-LO®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Amerlate P®, which is available from Amerchol Corp.; Barre Common Degras®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Cholesterol NF®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Crodalan AWS®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Crodalan LA®, which is available from Croda Inc.; Emery 1650®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Emery 1650®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Emery 1740®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Emery 1740®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Forlan 500®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Forlan L®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Laneto 50®, which is available from RITA Corp.; Laneto 100®, which is available from
• Lignin and Lignin Derivatives including but not limited to:
• Diwatex XP 9® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Dynasperse LCD® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Indulin SAL® which is available from MeadWestvaco Corp.
• Indulin W-1® which is available from MeadWestvaco Corp.
• Indulin W-5® which is available from MeadWestvaco Corp.
• Lignosol FTA® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Lignosol SFX-65® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Marasperse 52 CP® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Marasperse AG® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Marasperse CBOS-4® which is available from Borregaard Lignotech USA Inc.
• Ufoxane 2® which is available from Borrega
• Methyl Esters including, but not limited to:
• E.B. Cleaner AK® which is available from Eastern Color & Chemical Co.
• Oleocal ME-70® which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.
• Oleocal ME-92® which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.
• Oleocal ME-112® which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.
• Oleocal ME-130® which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.
• Monoglycerides and Derivatives including but not limited to:
• Dynacet 211® which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Hetsorb S-20®, which is available from Global-Seven, Inc.; Imwitor 191®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 370®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 375®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 900®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 945®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Imwitor 2020®, which is available from Sasol North America Inc.; Kemester 5500®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Kemester 6000®, which is available from Crompton Corp.; Magrabar GMC®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar GMO-CK®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar GPC-10®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Magrabar MDG-5050®, which is available from Magrabar Chemical Corp.; Mon
• Polyethylene Glycols including, but not limited to:
• Emulgade PL 68/50® which is available from Cognis Corporation; Lumulse PEG®, which is available from Lambent Technologies Corp.; Rhodasurf PEG-400®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; Rhodasurf PEG-600®, which is available from Rhodia, Inc.; and Witconol PEG-400®, which is available from Akzo Nobel Surface Chemistry LLC.
• Polymeric Surfactants including, but not limited to:
• Antarox AA-60® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Antarox LF-224® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Burcomul DFE-45® which is available from Burlington Chemical Co.®, Inc.
• Burcoterge LFE-1000® which is available from Burlington Chemical Co.®, Inc.
• Chemal LF-25B® which is available from Chemax Performance Solutions
• Chemal LF-40B® which is available from Chemax Performance Solutions
• Dehypon LS-36® which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.
• Dehypon LS-36® which is available from Cognis Corporation
• Dehypon LS-54® which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.
• Dehypon LS-54® which is available from Cognis Corporation
• DeIonic 100 VLF® which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.
• DeIonic LF-60 MOD® which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.
• Empiderm B® which is available from Huntsman LLC
• Protein-based Surfactants including, but not limited to:
• AminoFoam W® which is available from Croda Inc.; Amiter LGOD-2®, which is available from Ajinomoto USA, Inc.; Amiter LGS-2®, which is available from Ajinomoto USA, Inc.; Amiter LGS-5®, which is available from Ajinomoto USA, Inc.; Lamepon S®, which is available from Cognis Canada Corp.; Lamepon S®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Maypon 4C®, which is available from Inolex Chemical Co.; May-Tein C®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.; May-Tein CT®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.; May-Tein KTS®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.; May-Tein SY®, which is available from Maybrook, Inc.; Plantapon S®, which is available from Cognis Corporation; Proteol APL®, which is available from Seppic Inc.; Proteol OAT®, which is available from Seppic Inc.
• Vanseal LS® which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.
• Vanseal MS® which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.
• Vanseal NACS-30® which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.
• Vanseal NALS-95® which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Inc.
• Vanseal OS® which is available from R. T. Vanderbilt Co.
• Silicone-based Surfactants including but not limited to, Abil-B-9950®, which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil Care 85®, which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil EM 90®, which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil EM 97®, which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Abil WE-09®, which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.; Dow Corning 1248 Fluid®, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; Dow Corning 3225C®Formulation Aid, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; Dow Corning 5200®Formulation Aid, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; Dow Corning Q4-3667®Fluid, which is available from Dow Corning Corp.; Monasil PCA®, which is available from Uniqema; Monasil PDM®, which is available from Uniqema; Monasil PLN®, which is available from Uniqema; Polyderm
• DeSulf GOS-P-60WCG® which is available from DeForest Enterprises, Inc.
• Glucam E-20 Distearate® which is available from Amerchol Corp.
• Glucamate DOE-120® which is available from Amerchol Corp.
• Glucamate SSE-20® which is available from Amerchol Corp.
• Glucate DO® which is available from Amerchol Corp.
• Glucate SS® which is available from Amerchol Corp.
• Glucopon 425 UP® which is available from Cognis Corporation
• Isolan IS® which is available from Goldschmidt Chemical Corp.
• Mazon 40® which is available from BASF Corp.
• Montanov 82® which is available from Seppic Inc.
• Montanov 202® which is available from Seppic Inc.
• Montanov S® which is available from Seppic Inc.
• Rheozan® which is available from Rhodia, Inc.
• Simulsol AS 48® which is available from Seppic Inc.
• Useful surfactants for the present invention also include: a sorbitan ester; Pluronic from BASF; Polysorbate 20; Polysorbate 40; Polysorbate 60; Polysorbate 80; a stearate; glyceryl stearate; isopropyl stearate; polyoxyl stearate; propylene glycol stearate; sucrose stearate; polyethylene glycol; polyethylene oxide; polypropylene oxide; a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer; an alcohol ethoxylate; an alkylphenol ethoxylate; an alkyl glycoside; alkyl polyglycoside; a fatty alcohol; hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose; carboxymethyl cellulose; a polyacrylic acid; a Carbomer; a phosphalipid; phosphatidyl chloline; and phosphatidyl serine.
• compositions, in particular emulsions, of the present invention may optionally contain an active such as bimatoprost and may be comprised, but not limited to, the following combinations: Anise oil, and a sorbitan ester; Castor oil, and a sorbitan ester; Clove oil, and a sorbitan ester; Cassia oil, and a sorbitan ester; Cinnamon oil, and a sorbitan ester; an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a sorbitan ester; Almond oil, and a sorbitan ester; Corn oil, and a sorbitan ester; Arachis oil, and a sorbitan ester; Cottonseed oil, and a sorbitan ester; Safflower oil, and a sorbitan ester; Maize oil, and a sorbitan ester; Linseed oil, and a sorbitan ester; Rapeseed oil, and a sorbitan
• Citronella oil, and Polysorbate 40 are Citronella oil, and Polysorbate 40;
• Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 20 Cinnamon oil, and Polysorbate 20;
• Citronella oil, and Polysorbate 20 are Citronella oil, and Polysorbate 20;
• Anise oil, and a stearate surfactant Anise oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Castor oil, and a stearate surfactant Castor oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Cinnamon oil, and a stearate surfactant Cinnamon oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Almond oil, and a stearate surfactant Almond oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Corn oil and a stearate surfactant
• Arachis oil, and a stearate surfactant Arachis oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Cottonseed oil, and a stearate surfactant Cottonseed oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Linseed oil, and a stearate surfactant Linseed oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Rapeseed oil, and a stearate surfactant Rapeseed oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Soybean oil, and a stearate surfactant Soybean oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Olive oil and a stearate surfactant
• Rosemary oil and a stearate surfactant
• Peanut oil and a stearate surfactant
• Peppermint oil, and a stearate surfactant Peppermint oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Sunflower oil and a stearate surfactant
• Eucalyptus oil and a stearate surfactant
• Sesame oil, and a stearate surfactant Sesame oil, and a stearate surfactant
• Lavender oil and a stearate surfactant
• Citronella oil and a stearate surfactant
• Lemon oil and a stearate surfactant
• Clary sage oil and a stearate surfactant
• Cinnamon oil, and glyceryl stearate Cinnamon oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Cottonseed oil, and glyceryl stearate Cottonseed oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Linseed oil, and glyceryl stearate Linseed oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Rapeseed oil, and glyceryl stearate Rapeseed oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Soybean oil, and glyceryl stearate Soybean oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Peanut oil and glyceryl stearate
• Peppermint oil, and glyceryl stearate Peppermint oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Eucalyptus oil and glyceryl stearate
• Sesame oil, and glyceryl stearate Sesame oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Citronella oil and glyceryl stearate
• Clary sage oil, and glyceryl stearate Clary sage oil, and glyceryl stearate
• Cinnamon oil, and isopropyl stearate Cinnamon oil, and isopropyl stearate
• Linseed oil, and isopropyl stearate Linseed oil, and isopropyl stearate
• Peanut oil and isopropyl stearate
• Eucalyptus oil and isopropyl stearate
• Citronella oil and isopropyl stearate
• Clary sage oil, and isopropyl stearate Clary sage oil, and isopropyl stearate
• Castor oil, and polyoxyl stearate Castor oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Cinnamon oil, and polyoxyl stearate Cinnamon oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Corn oil and polyoxyl stearate
• Linseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate Linseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Rapeseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate Rapeseed oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Soybean oil, and polyoxyl stearate Soybean oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Peanut oil and polyoxyl stearate
• Peppermint oil, and polyoxyl stearate Peppermint oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Sunflower oil and polyoxyl stearate
• Eucalyptus oil and polyoxyl stearate
• Lavender oil, and polyoxyl stearate Lavender oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Citronella oil and polyoxyl stearate
• Clary sage oil, and polyoxyl stearate Clary sage oil, and polyoxyl stearate
• Anise oil, and propylene glycol stearate Anise oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Castor oil, and propylene glycol stearate Castor oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Cinnamon oil, and propylene glycol stearate Cinnamon oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Linseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate Linseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Rapeseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate Rapeseed oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Soybean oil, and propylene glycol stearate Soybean oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Peppermint oil, and propylene glycol stearate Peppermint oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Sunflower oil and propylene glycol stearate
• Eucalyptus oil and propylene glycol stearate
• Citronella oil and propylene glycol stearate
• Clary sage oil, and propylene glycol stearate Clary sage oil, and propylene glycol stearate
• Cinnamon oil, and sucrose stearate Cinnamon oil, and sucrose stearate
• Cottonseed oil, and sucrose stearate Cottonseed oil, and sucrose stearate
• Linseed oil, and sucrose stearate Linseed oil, and sucrose stearate
• Rapeseed oil, and sucrose stearate Rapeseed oil, and sucrose stearate
• Soybean oil, and sucrose stearate Soybean oil, and sucrose stearate
• Peppermint oil, and sucrose stearate Peppermint oil, and sucrose stearate
• Citronella oil and sucrose stearate
• Clary sage oil, and sucrose stearate Clary sage oil, and sucrose stearate
• Anise oil and polyethylene glycol
• Cinnamon oil and polyethylene glycol
• Almond oil and polyethylene glycol
• Linseed oil and polyethylene glycol
• Rapeseed oil and polyethylene glycol
• Soybean oil and polyethylene glycol
• Caraway oil and polyethylene glycol
• Peanut oil and polyethylene glycol
• Peppermint oil and polyethylene glycol
• Sunflower oil and polyethylene glycol
• Eucalyptus oil and polyethylene glycol
• Sesame oil and polyethylene glycol
• Citronella oil and polyethylene glycol
• Juniper oil and polyethylene glycol
• Clary sage oil and polyethylene glycol
• Anise oil and polyethylene oxide
• Castor oil and polyethylene oxide
• Cinnamon oil and polyethylene oxide
• Almond oil and polyethylene oxide
• Linseed oil and polyethylene oxide
• Rapeseed oil and polyethylene oxide
• Soybean oil and polyethylene oxide
• Peanut oil and polyethylene oxide
• Peppermint oil and polyethylene oxide
• Eucalyptus oil and polyethylene oxide
• Citronella oil and polyethylene oxide
• Juniper oil and polyethylene oxide
• Cinnamon oil and polypropylene oxide
• Linseed oil and polypropylene oxide
• Rapeseed oil and polypropylene oxide
• Soybean oil and polypropylene oxide
• Peanut oil and polypropylene oxide
• Peppermint oil and polypropylene oxide
• Eucalyptus oil and polypropylene oxide
• Citronella oil and polypropylene oxide
• Juniper oil and polypropylene oxide
• Anise oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Castor oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Clove oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Cinnamon oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Almond oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Corn oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Arachis oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Cottonseed oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Safflower oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Maize oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Linseed oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Rapeseed oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Soybean oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Olive oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Caraway oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Rosemary oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Peanut oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Peppermint oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Sunflower oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Eucalyptus oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Sesame oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Coriander oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Lavender oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Citronella oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Juniper oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Lemon oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Clary sage oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Nutmeg oil and a polyethylene oxide-polypropylene oxide copolymer
• Linseed oil and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Rapeseed oil and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Soybean oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate Soybean oil, and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Eucalyptus oil and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Citronella oil and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Juniper oil and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Clary sage oil and an alcohol ethoxylate
• Linseed oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Rosemary oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Peanut oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Eucalyptus oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Citronella oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Lemon oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Clary sage oil and an alkylphenol ethoxylate
• Anise oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Cinnamon oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Almond oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Cottonseed oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Linseed oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Rapeseed oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Soybean oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Caraway oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Peanut oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Peppermint oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Eucalyptus oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Sesame oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Citronella oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Juniper oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Clary sage oil and an alkyl glycoside
• Anise oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Castor oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Cinnamon oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Almond oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Corn oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Arachis oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Cottonseed oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Safflower oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Linseed oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Rapeseed oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Soybean oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Caraway oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Peanut oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Peppermint oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Sunflower oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Eucalyptus oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Sesame oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Coriander oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Lavender oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Citronella oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Juniper oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Lemon oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Clary sage oil and an alkyl polyglycoside
• Anise oil and a fatty alcohol
• Castor oil and a fatty alcohol
• Clove oil and a fatty alcohol
• Cinnamon oil, and a fatty alcohol Cinnamon oil, and a fatty alcohol
• Almond oil and a fatty alcohol
• Corn oil and a fatty alcohol
• Cottonseed oil and a fatty alcohol
• Safflower oil and a fatty alcohol
• Linseed oil and a fatty alcohol
• Rapeseed oil and a fatty alcohol
• Soybean oil and a fatty alcohol
• Olive oil and a fatty alcohol
• Caraway oil and a fatty alcohol
• Rosemary oil and a fatty alcohol
• Peanut oil and a fatty alcohol
• Peppermint oil and a fatty alcohol
• Sunflower oil and a fatty alcohol
• Eucalyptus oil and a fatty alcohol
• Sesame oil and a fatty alcohol
• Coriander oil and a fatty alcohol
• Lavender oil and a fatty alcohol
• Citronella oil and a fatty alcohol
• Juniper oil and a fatty alcohol
• Lemon oil and a fatty alcohol
• Clary sage oil and a fatty alcohol
• Castor oil and a cellulose derivative
• Clove oil and a cellulose derivative
• Almond oil and a cellulose derivative
• Corn oil and a cellulose derivative
• Arachis oil and a cellulose derivative
• Cottonseed oil and a cellulose derivative
• Safflower oil and a cellulose derivative
• Linseed oil and a cellulose derivative
• Rapeseed oil and a cellulose derivative
• Soybean oil and a cellulose derivative
• Olive oil and a cellulose derivative
• Caraway oil and a cellulose derivative
• Rosemary oil and a cellulose derivative
• Peanut oil and a cellulose derivative
• Sunflower oil and a cellulose derivative
• Eucalyptus oil and a cellulose derivative
• Sesame oil and a cellulose derivative
• Coriander oil and a cellulose derivative
• Lavender oil and a cellulose derivative
• Citronella oil and a cellulose derivative
• Juniper oil and a cellulose derivative
• Lemon oil and a cellulose derivative
• Clary sage oil and a cellulose derivative
• Cinnamon oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose Cinnamon oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Linseed oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Rapeseed oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Soybean oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose Soybean oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Peanut oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Peppermint oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose Peppermint oil, and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Eucalyptus oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Citronella oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Juniper oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Clary sage oil and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose
• Anise oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose Anise oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Clove oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Cinnamon oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose Cinnamon oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Cottonseed oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose Cottonseed oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Linseed oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Rapeseed oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Soybean oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose Soybean oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Caraway oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Peanut oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Peppermint oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose Peppermint oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Eucalyptus oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Sesame oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose Sesame oil, and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Citronella oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Juniper oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Clary sage oil and carboxymethyl cellulose
• Anise oil, and a polyacrylic acid Anise oil, and a polyacrylic acid
• Clove oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Cinnamon oil, and a polyacrylic acid Cinnamon oil, and a polyacrylic acid
• Cottonseed oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Safflower oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Linseed oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Rapeseed oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Soybean oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Rosemary oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Peanut oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Peppermint oil, and a polyacrylic acid Peppermint oil, and a polyacrylic acid
• Sunflower oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Eucalyptus oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Sesame oil, and a polyacrylic acid Sesame oil, and a polyacrylic acid
• Citronella oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Juniper oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Lemon oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Clary sage oil and a polyacrylic acid
• Cinnamon oil, and a Carbomer Cinnamon oil, and a Carbomer
• Cottonseed oil and a Carbomer
• Linseed oil and a Carbomer
• Rapeseed oil and a Carbomer
• Soybean oil and a Carbomer
• Citronella oil and a Carbomer
• Clary sage oil and a Carbomer
• Anise oil, and a phosphalipid Anise oil, and a phosphalipid
• Castor oil, and a phosphalipid Castor oil, and a phosphalipid
• Cinnamon oil, and a phosphalipid Cinnamon oil, and a phosphalipid
• an oil having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a phosphalipid having a specific gravity from 0.90 to 0.95, and a phosphalipid
• Linseed oil, and a phosphalipid Linseed oil, and a phosphalipid
• Rapeseed oil and a phosphalipid
• Soybean oil, and a phosphalipid Soybean oil, and a phosphalipid
• Peanut oil and a phosphalipid
• Peppermint oil, and a phosphalipid Peppermint oil, and a phosphalipid
• Sunflower oil and a phosphalipid
• Eucalyptus oil and a phosphalipid
• Sesame oil, and a phosphalipid Sesame oil, and a phosphalipid
• Lavender oil, and a phosphalipid Lavender oil, and a phosphalipid
• Citronella oil and a phosphalipid
• Lemon oil and a phosphalipid
• Clary sage oil, and a phosphalipid Clary sage oil, and a phosphalipid
• Rapeseed oil, and phosphatidyl chloline Rapeseed oil, and phosphatidyl chloline
• Soybean oil, and phosphatidyl chloline Soybean oil, and phosphatidyl chloline
• Peppermint oil, and phosphatidyl chloline Peppermint oil, and phosphatidyl chloline
• Citronella oil and phosphatidyl chloline

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