US20120291720A1 - Once-through steam generator for using at steam temperatures of above 650°c - Google Patents

Once-through steam generator for using at steam temperatures of above 650°c Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120291720A1
US20120291720A1 US13/393,673 US201013393673A US2012291720A1 US 20120291720 A1 US20120291720 A1 US 20120291720A1 US 201013393673 A US201013393673 A US 201013393673A US 2012291720 A1 US2012291720 A1 US 2012291720A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
once
heating surface
steam generator
combustion chamber
steam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/393,673
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English (en)
Inventor
Thoralf Berndt
Qiurong Chen
Georg-Nikolaus Stamatelopoulos
Gerhard Weissinger
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD reassignment ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: STAMATELOPOULOS, GEORG-NIKOLAUS, BERNDT, THORALF, WEISSINGER, GERHARD, CHEN, QIURONG
Publication of US20120291720A1 publication Critical patent/US20120291720A1/en
Assigned to GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH reassignment GENERAL ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY GMBH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALSTOM TECHNOLOGY LTD
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
    • F22B29/06—Steam boilers of forced-flow type of once-through type, i.e. built-up from tubes receiving water at one end and delivering superheated steam at the other end of the tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/04—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler and characterised by material, e.g. use of special steel alloy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F22B37/143—Panel shaped heating surfaces built up from tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a once-through steam generator for the use of steam temperatures of above 650° C., the once-through steam generator having a combustion chamber, a flue gas pass which adjoins the upper end of said combustion chamber, and enclosure walls which enclose them, the enclosure walls being formed from tube walls, the tubes of which conduct the working medium water/steam, the combustion chamber having at least one burner, and heating surfaces being arranged in the flue gas pass.
  • the highly loaded parts (oblique winding and perpendicular bore) of the enclosure walls which are configured as tube walls are made with the special materials T23 (a material which is approved by the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)), T24 (7CrMoVTiB10-10) or other materials with a similar chemical composition which all belong to the category of modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels.
  • the material T23 is listed, for example, in the VdTÜV material sheet 511/2, edition 06.2001 and the material T24 is listed, for example, in the standard specification sheet DIN EN 10216-2, edition October 2007.
  • These materials have the advantage that they are especially suitable for the abovementioned steam parameters and that they can be welded without thermal post-treatment, and therefore the production of the enclosure walls or tube walls and their assembly on the construction site can be carried out simply.
  • Possible materials for said increased enclosure wall temperatures are martensitic 9-12% chromium steels such as T91 (X10CrMoVNb9-1), T92 (X10CrWMoVNb9-2) and VM12-SHC (company designation of the Vallourec-Mannesmann company) or Ni-based alloys such as Alloy 617 (NiCr23Co12Mo) or Alloy 617mod (NiCr23Co12Mo mod).
  • the abovementioned materials are specified for the greatest part in material sheets, for example the material T91 in the VdTÜV material sheet 511/2, edition 06.2009; the material T92 in the VdTÜV material sheet 552/2, edition 03.2008; the material Alloy 617 in the VdTÜV material sheet 485, edition 09/2001 and the material VM12 in the VdTÜV material sheet 560/2, edition 03/2009.
  • martensitic 9-12% chromium steels or Ni-based alloys are used for the enclosure walls, complicated manufacturing and assembly operations are necessary.
  • the martensitic 9-12% chromium steels have to be thermally treated after the welding in the workshop and during the assembly.
  • special tempering furnaces are required in the workshop and special annealing boxes are required on the installation site.
  • Excessively great shrinking processes have to be coped with during the manufacture and/or assembly of Ni-based alloys.
  • the heat absorption is not limited in a once-through steam generator in its evaporator, since the medium temperature at the evaporator outlet is already superheated during forced-flow operation and the level of the superheating can be fixed variably.
  • the associated temperature level of the steam or the corresponding design temperature in the enclosure walls is controlled by a suitable material selection with respect to the enclosure walls.
  • the solution according to the invention provides a once-through steam generator for the use of steam temperatures of above 650° C., which once-through steam generator has the following advantages:
  • the platen heating surface which covers part of the enclosure walls in the region of the combustion chamber is arranged between the upper edge of the uppermost burner and the lower edge of the lowermost downstream heating surface.
  • At least part of the enclosure walls is formed from one of the materials T23, T24 or another material with a similar chemical composition.
  • at least that part of the enclosure walls is configured with the abovementioned materials which is thermally loaded highly or more highly than the remaining part of the enclosure walls.
  • the materials T23, T24 or another material with a similar chemical composition are high-quality materials which are commercially available and satisfy the desired requirements or on which no thermal post-treatment has to be carried out after they have been welded.
  • One advantageous embodiment of the invention provides for the platen heating surface to be formed or produced from martensitic materials with a 9-12% chromium proportion, austenitic materials or nickel-based alloys. This ensures that, with regard to the temperatures, the requirements made of the platen heating surface which lies exposed in the combustion chamber are satisfied.
  • the platen heating surface is configured as a superheater heating surface or a reheater heating surface.
  • the platen heating surface is therefore incorporated efficiently into the water/steam circuit of the once-through steam generator or into the water/steam circuit of a power plant which comprises a once-through steam generator of this type.
  • the platen heating surface is arranged parallel to the enclosure wall. This achieves a situation where the platen heating surface is arranged vertically just like the enclosure wall and affords as small as possible an action surface for ash or cinder from the combustion chamber.
  • One expedient embodiment provides that the platen heating surface runs such that it bears against the enclosure wall. This ensures that the enclosure wall is covered as satisfactorily as possible by the platen heating surface and the smallest possible quantity of heat passes to the enclosure wall.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a longitudinal section through a once-through steam generator according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the same as FIG. 1 , but in an alternative embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a once-through steam generator 1 (designation means the same, namely the generation of the steam within the steam generator in one pass) of tower design, that is to say the tube walls 5 (as enclosure walls 4 ) and all the heating surfaces 7 are accommodated on or in a single vertical gas flue.
  • the vertical gas flue which is formed or delimited by gastight enclosure walls 4 contains, in its lower region, the combustion chamber 2 and the flue gas pass 3 which adjoins above said combustion chamber 2 .
  • the combustion chamber 2 terminates to the bottom as a rule with a combustion chamber hopper and reaches upward as far as the lowermost heating surface 7 .
  • One or more burners 6 for burning a fossil fuel are arranged in the lower region of the combustion chamber 2 .
  • the burners 6 can be arranged either in the corners (corner burners) or in the walls (wall burners) of the combustion chamber 2 .
  • the various heating surfaces 7 are arranged as convection heating surfaces in the flue gas pass 3 . Said heating surfaces 7 are as a rule economizer heating surfaces, superheater heating surfaces and reheater heating surfaces.
  • the flue gas pass 3 terminates at the top with a ceiling and has a flue gas outlet 9 laterally at its upper end.
  • the once-through steam generator 1 has at least one platen heating surface 8 which covers part of the enclosure walls 4 in the region of the combustion chamber 2 and the surface-side size of which is defined such that the heat absorption of the enclosure walls 4 and, as a consequence, their temperature are reduced to a value which permits the configuration of the enclosure wall 4 from modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels which do not require any thermal post-treatment after they have been processed using welding technology.
  • the platen heating surface 8 which covers the enclosure wall 4 in the region of the combustion chamber 2 with a predefined surface-side size, absorbs so much heat from the combustion chamber 2 that the heat absorption of the enclosure wall 4 is reduced as a consequence of the covering, in such a way that the maximum medium temperature at the enclosure wall 4 remains below a value which allows the use of modified, heat-resistant 2.25-2.5% chromium steels which do not require any thermal post-treatment after they have been processed using welding technology.
  • They can be, for example, the materials T23 (a material which is approved by the ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers)), T24 (7CrMoVTiB10-10) or another material with a similar chemical composition which can cover steam temperatures up to approximately 500-510° C.
  • the use of high temperature-resistant materials such as martensitic, 9-12% chromium-containing steels or nickel base alloys for the enclosure wall 4 can be dispensed with, which, after they have been processed using welding technology, would have to undergo complex thermal post-treatment (martensitic, 9-12% chromium-containing steels) or would have to undergo complex processing because of their high contraction properties (nickel-base alloys).
  • the high-quality materials which are now used and do not require any thermal post-treatment after they have been processed using welding technology or which do not require complex processing can either be used everywhere on the enclosure wall 4 or, according to one commercially more advantageous variant, at least at those parts of the enclosure walls 4 where the high thermal loading makes it necessary. They are, for example, the regions at the burners and directly above the burners 6 within the combustion chamber 2 .
  • lower-quality materials such as 16Mo3 or 13CrMo45, are used at those parts of the enclosure walls 4 where the thermal loading is lower, such as in the lower part of the combustion chamber 2 (below the burners 6 including combustion chamber hopper) with medium temperatures of approximately ⁇ 400-460° C. in the tube walls.
  • Said materials likewise do not require any thermal post-treatment after they have been processed using welding technology or do not require further complex processing.
  • the enclosure walls 4 which are configured as tube walls 5 are produced as a rule from a welded tube-web-tube combination, the tubes of the tube walls 5 conducting the working medium water/steam, and it being possible for them to be formed within the enclosure walls 4 either helically or vertically or from a combination of helically and vertically.
  • the tubes which are arranged in the enclosure walls 4 are used in the lower and middle part of the combustion chamber 2 as evaporator tubes, that is to say the water which is fed in and pre-heated is evaporated in said evaporator tubes.
  • the tubes which are arranged in the enclosure wall 4 can already be connected as a superheater heating surface.
  • the platen heating surface 8 itself which then absorbs part of the heat from the combustion chamber 2 , is formed using suitable materials according to the temperature requirements. Since very high temperatures have to be handled, martensitic 9-12% chromium-containing steels, austenitic steels or nickel-based alloys have proven to be suitable for this purpose.
  • the platen heating surface 8 can consist of individual tubes, which are arranged close to one another and in parallel, or of a tube-web-tube construction. The tubes of the platen heating surface 8 run as a rule horizontally within the heating surface, but can also run vertically.
  • the platen heating surface 8 is preferably arranged parallel to the enclosure wall 4 and more preferably so as to bear against the latter. This arrangement ensures that the enclosure wall 4 is covered very efficiently by the platen heating surface 8 , and the transmission of heat to the enclosure wall 4 is therefore suppressed as far as possible.
  • FIG. 2 shows one advantageous variant of the platen heating surface 8 according to the invention.
  • the enclosure wall 4 and tube wall 5 which as a rule contain the front and rear walls and two side walls of the once-through steam generator, are covered partially by one or more platen heating surfaces 8 in the region of the combustion chamber 2 , to be precise between the upper edge of the uppermost burner 6 and the lower edge of the lowermost heating surface 7 (the region is marked or denoted by “S” in FIG.
  • the platen heating surface 8 can advantageously be used as a superheater heating surface within the once-through steam generator 1 .
  • the use as a reheater heating surface is also possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
US13/393,673 2009-09-04 2010-08-20 Once-through steam generator for using at steam temperatures of above 650°c Abandoned US20120291720A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009040250.0A DE102009040250B4 (de) 2009-09-04 2009-09-04 Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger für den Einsatz von Dampftemperaturen von über 650 Grad C
DE102009040250.0 2009-09-04
PCT/DE2010/000981 WO2011026461A2 (de) 2009-09-04 2010-08-20 Zwangdurchlaufdampferzeuger für den einsatz von dampftemperaturen von über 650°c

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20120291720A1 true US20120291720A1 (en) 2012-11-22

Family

ID=43649690

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/393,673 Abandoned US20120291720A1 (en) 2009-09-04 2010-08-20 Once-through steam generator for using at steam temperatures of above 650°c

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US20120291720A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2473782B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102713433B (de)
DE (1) DE102009040250B4 (de)
HU (1) HUE028255T2 (de)
IN (1) IN2012DN02836A (de)
PL (1) PL2473782T3 (de)
RU (1) RU2546888C2 (de)
SI (1) SI2473782T1 (de)
WO (1) WO2011026461A2 (de)
ZA (1) ZA201201884B (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130101949A1 (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-25 Hitachi Power Europe Gmbh Method for generating a stress reduction in erected tube walls of a steam generator

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US2770030A (en) * 1950-06-15 1956-11-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co Welded joint between dissimilar metals
US3125995A (en) * 1964-03-24 forced flow vapor generating unit
US3530836A (en) * 1967-07-13 1970-09-29 Sulzer Ag Forced through-flow steam generator
US3612003A (en) * 1968-06-26 1971-10-12 Sulzer Ag Forced through flow steam generator
US4294200A (en) * 1979-12-06 1981-10-13 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Variable pressure vapor generator utilizing crossover circuitry for the furnace boundary wall fluid flow tubes
US4430094A (en) * 1981-12-21 1984-02-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Vapor generating system having a plurality of integrally formed gasifiers extending to one side of an upright wall of the generator
US5560322A (en) * 1994-08-11 1996-10-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Continuous vertical-to-angular tube transitions
US5687657A (en) * 1995-06-12 1997-11-18 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method of and device for reducing the dust content of the exhaust gases of a steam generator
US5810075A (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-09-22 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Heat-insulating lining on heat exchanger surfaces
WO2000042354A1 (en) * 1999-01-13 2000-07-20 Abb Alstom Power Inc. Startup technique using multimode operation in a kalina cycle power generation system
US6269754B1 (en) * 1998-08-20 2001-08-07 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Steam generator for superheated steam for incineration plants with corrosive flue gases
US20080115743A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2008-05-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continuous Steam Generator
US20100031506A1 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-11 Ruben Hartwig Method for producing steam generator tube walls consisting primarily of 9-12% martensitic chromium steels
US20110011090A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2011-01-20 Rudolf Kral Method for starting a continuous steam generator
US20110041783A1 (en) * 2006-02-16 2011-02-24 Brueckner Jan Steam Generator
US20110290164A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2011-12-01 Wheelabrator Technologies Inc. Municipal solid waste fuel steam generator with waterwall furnace platens

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US3768448A (en) * 1972-01-20 1973-10-30 Foster Wheeler Corp Support for reheater and superheater elements
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3125995A (en) * 1964-03-24 forced flow vapor generating unit
US2770030A (en) * 1950-06-15 1956-11-13 Babcock & Wilcox Co Welded joint between dissimilar metals
US3530836A (en) * 1967-07-13 1970-09-29 Sulzer Ag Forced through-flow steam generator
US3612003A (en) * 1968-06-26 1971-10-12 Sulzer Ag Forced through flow steam generator
US4294200A (en) * 1979-12-06 1981-10-13 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Variable pressure vapor generator utilizing crossover circuitry for the furnace boundary wall fluid flow tubes
US4430094A (en) * 1981-12-21 1984-02-07 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Vapor generating system having a plurality of integrally formed gasifiers extending to one side of an upright wall of the generator
US5560322A (en) * 1994-08-11 1996-10-01 Foster Wheeler Energy Corporation Continuous vertical-to-angular tube transitions
US5687657A (en) * 1995-06-12 1997-11-18 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method of and device for reducing the dust content of the exhaust gases of a steam generator
US5810075A (en) * 1996-11-04 1998-09-22 Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft Heat-insulating lining on heat exchanger surfaces
US6269754B1 (en) * 1998-08-20 2001-08-07 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Steam generator for superheated steam for incineration plants with corrosive flue gases
WO2000042354A1 (en) * 1999-01-13 2000-07-20 Abb Alstom Power Inc. Startup technique using multimode operation in a kalina cycle power generation system
US20080115743A1 (en) * 2005-02-16 2008-05-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continuous Steam Generator
US8146540B2 (en) * 2005-02-16 2012-04-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Continuous steam generator
US20110041783A1 (en) * 2006-02-16 2011-02-24 Brueckner Jan Steam Generator
US20110290164A1 (en) * 2007-10-01 2011-12-01 Wheelabrator Technologies Inc. Municipal solid waste fuel steam generator with waterwall furnace platens
US20110011090A1 (en) * 2008-02-15 2011-01-20 Rudolf Kral Method for starting a continuous steam generator
US20100031506A1 (en) * 2008-08-08 2010-02-11 Ruben Hartwig Method for producing steam generator tube walls consisting primarily of 9-12% martensitic chromium steels

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20130101949A1 (en) * 2011-10-21 2013-04-25 Hitachi Power Europe Gmbh Method for generating a stress reduction in erected tube walls of a steam generator
US10273551B2 (en) * 2011-10-21 2019-04-30 Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems Europe Gmbh Method for generating a stress reduction in erected tube walls of a steam generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011026461A2 (de) 2011-03-10
CN102713433B (zh) 2015-09-23
RU2546888C2 (ru) 2015-04-10
PL2473782T3 (pl) 2016-12-30
SI2473782T1 (sl) 2016-08-31
EP2473782A2 (de) 2012-07-11
CN102713433A (zh) 2012-10-03
HUE028255T2 (en) 2016-12-28
DE102009040250B4 (de) 2015-05-21
RU2012112947A (ru) 2013-10-10
ZA201201884B (en) 2013-05-29
DE102009040250A1 (de) 2011-04-07
EP2473782B1 (de) 2016-04-20
IN2012DN02836A (de) 2015-07-24
WO2011026461A3 (de) 2012-07-26
WO2011026461A8 (de) 2012-04-05

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BERNDT, THORALF;CHEN, QIURONG;STAMATELOPOULOS, GEORG-NIKOLAUS;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20120302 TO 20120313;REEL/FRAME:028218/0909

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