US20120263930A1 - Thermochromic substrate and pair-glass with thermochromic thin film - Google Patents

Thermochromic substrate and pair-glass with thermochromic thin film Download PDF

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Publication number
US20120263930A1
US20120263930A1 US13/449,551 US201213449551A US2012263930A1 US 20120263930 A1 US20120263930 A1 US 20120263930A1 US 201213449551 A US201213449551 A US 201213449551A US 2012263930 A1 US2012263930 A1 US 2012263930A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
thermochromic
thin film
substrate
refractivity
transmittance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US13/449,551
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English (en)
Inventor
Donggun MOON
Du Hwan Kim
A-Ra Kim
Hyunbin Kim
Myungi Shim
Youngsoo Jung
Yung-Jin Jung
Yongwon Choi
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Corning Precision Materials Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co Ltd filed Critical Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co Ltd
Assigned to SAMSUNG CORNING PRECISION MATERIALS CO., LTD. reassignment SAMSUNG CORNING PRECISION MATERIALS CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CHOI, YONGWON, JUNG, YOUNGSOO, JUNG, YUNG-JIN, KIM, A-RA, KIM, DU HWAN, KIM, HYUNBIN, MOON, DONGGUN, SHIM, MYUNGI
Publication of US20120263930A1 publication Critical patent/US20120263930A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/22—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with other inorganic material
    • C03C17/23—Oxides
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/67—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together characterised by additional arrangements or devices for heat or sound insulation or for controlled passage of light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/3411—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials
    • C03C17/3417—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions with at least two coatings of inorganic materials all coatings being oxide coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3657—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having optical properties
    • C03C17/366—Low-emissivity or solar control coatings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/20—Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for insulation against noise
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0147—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on thermo-optic effects
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/20—Materials for coating a single layer on glass
    • C03C2217/21—Oxides
    • C03C2217/218—V2O5, Nb2O5, Ta2O5
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C2217/00—Coatings on glass
    • C03C2217/70—Properties of coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a thermochromic substrate and a pair-glass with a thermochromic thin film, and more particularly, to a thermochromic substrate and a pair-glass with a thermochromic thin film, which increases the efficiency with which solar energy is transmitted and blocked.
  • Types of high insulation window glass include an argon (Ar) injected pair-glass, in which Ar gas or the like is disposed between a pair of glass panes in order to prevent heat exchange, low-e glass, and the like. Also being studied is a type of glass that is coated with a layer that has specific thermal characteristics in order to adjust the amount of solar energy that is introduced.
  • this glass is coated with thin layers of metal and metal oxide, which allows most visible light that is incident on the window to enter, so that the interior of a room can be maintained bright, while radiation in the infrared (IR) range can be blocked.
  • IR infrared
  • the effects of this glass are that it prevents the heat from leaking to the outside, and also prevents the energy of heat outside a building from entering, thereby reducing cooling and heating bills.
  • this window has the following drawbacks due to its characteristic of reflecting wavelengths other than visible light. Specifically, it does not admit the IR range of sunlight into the interior of a room, which is a drawback especially in winter, and the transmittance of sunlight is not adjusted according to the season (temperature).
  • thermochromic substrate and a pair-glass with a thermochromic thin film in which the efficiency with which solar energy is transmitted and blocked is increased by coating the thermochromic thin film with a high-refractivity thin film, which shifts a reference wavelength at which the variance in the transmittance of the thermochromic substrate due to phase transition of the thermochromic thin film (the transmittance after the phase transition—the transmittance before the phase transition) does not exceed zero (0), to a shorter wavelength.
  • thermochromic substrate that includes a base substrate, a thermochromic thin film coating the substrate, and a high-refractivity thin film coating the thermochromic thin film.
  • the high-refractivity thin film shifts the reference wavelength in the infrared range, at which a transmittance of the thermochromic substrate after phase transition of the thermochromic thin film is not exceed a transmittance of the thermochromic substrate before the phase transition of the thermochromic thin film, to a shorter wavelength.
  • thermochromic thin film may be a vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ) thin film
  • high-refractivity thin film may be a thin film that has a refractive index ranging from 1.7 to 2.7.
  • the optical thickness of the high-refractivity thin film may range from 0.25 to 0.8, and preferably from 0.5 to 0.8.
  • an energy-saving pair-glass that includes a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate being spaced apart from the first glass substrate and having a coating section, preferably, on a surface facing the first glass substrate.
  • the coating section includes a thermochromic thin film, which coats the second glass substrate, and a high-refractivity thin film, which coats at least one of both surfaces of the thermochromic thin film.
  • the high-refractivity thin film shifts the reference wavelength in an infrared range to a shorter wavelength. At the reference wavelength, a transmittance of the thermochromic substrate after phase transition of the thermochromic thin film is not exceed a transmittance of the thermochromic substrate before the phase transition of the thermochromic thin film.
  • thermochromic thin film may be made of one selected from the group consisting of vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ), titanium oxide (Ti 2 O 3 ), niobium dioxide (NbO 2 ), and nickel sulfide (NiS).
  • VO 2 vanadium dioxide
  • Ti 2 O 3 titanium oxide
  • NbO 2 niobium dioxide
  • NiS nickel sulfide
  • the high-refractivity thin film may be made of one selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (IV) (TiO 2 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ) and antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3 ).
  • the high-refractivity thin film may be a thin film that has a refractive index ranging from 1.7 to 2.7.
  • the optical thickness of the high-refractivity thin film may range from 0.25 to 0.8, and preferably from 0.5 to 0.8.
  • thermochromic thin film it is possible to increase the efficiency with which solar energy is transmitted and blocked by coating the thermochromic thin film.
  • the solar transmittance of the thermochromic substrate is adjusted depending on the outside atmosphere, thereby decreasing the load of cooling and heating a building.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view depicting a thermochromic substrate with a thermochromic thin film according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a graph depicting the transmittance of the thermochromic substrate with a thermochromic thin film according to an embodiment of the invention, depending on the wavelength;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view depicting an energy-saving pair-glass according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view depicting an energy-saving window, that is, a thermochromic substrate, according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • thermochromic substrate with a thermochromic thin film includes a base substrate 100 , a thermochromic thin film 110 coating the substrate 100 , and a high-refractivity thin film 120 coating the thermochromic thin film 110 .
  • the high-refractivity thin film 120 serves to shift the reference wavelength, at which a transmittance of the thermochromic substrate after phase transition of the thermochromic thin film is not exceed a transmittance of the thermochromic substrate before the phase transition of the thermochromic thin film, to a shorter wavelength.
  • the base substrate 100 is a transparent or colored substrate that has a predetermined area and a predetermined thickness and is coated with the thermochromic thin film 110 . It is preferred that the base substrate 100 be made of a sodalime glass substrate.
  • the thermochromic thin film 110 is formed by coating the base substrate 100 with a material that causes a thermochromic phenomenon in order to control the amount of sunlight that is incident on the base substrate 100 through the thermochromic thin film 110 .
  • the thermochromic material changes its color at a given temperature. Specifically, the crystalline structure of the thermochromic material changes due to the thermochromic phenomenon and thereby its physical properties (such as electrical conductivity and infrared (IR) transmittance) rapidly change. Therefore, the coating of the base substrate with the thermochromic material can achieve the effect of blocking IR rays while allowing visible light to enter at the given temperature or higher.
  • thermochromic film 110 may be made of one selected from among, but not limited to, vanadium dioxide (VO 2 ), titanium oxide (III) (Ti 2 O 3 ), niobium dioxide (NbO 2 ), and nickel sulfide (NiS).
  • VO 2 vanadium dioxide
  • Ti 2 O 3 titanium oxide
  • NbO 2 niobium dioxide
  • NiS nickel sulfide
  • the high-refractivity thin film 120 is formed by coating the thermochromic thin film 110 with a high-refractivity material in order to increase the ability of the thermochromic thin film 110 to admit or block solar energy.
  • the reference wavelength at which the variance in the transmittance of the thermochromic substrate due to phase transition (the transmittance after the phase transition—the transmittance before the phase transition) does not exceed 0, can be shifted to a shorter wavelength, preferably, to a wavelength of 800 nm.
  • the variance in the transmittance of the thermochromic substrate due to the phase transition of the thermochromic thin film can be made greater than the variance in the transmittance of the thermochromic single-layer thin film, thereby decreasing the load of cooling and heating a building.
  • the ratio of the visible light to the IR range is about 50:50.
  • Subdividing the IR range light ranging from 800 nm to 1300 nm is about 36%, light ranging from 1300 nm to 1700 nm is about 9%, and light ranging from 1700 nm to 2500 nm is about 5%. Accordingly, it is possible to increase the difference between transmittances in the wavelength range from 800 nm to 1700 nm due to phase transition by changing the transmittable wavelength and transmittance of the thermochromic thin film by coating it with the high-refractivity thin film. This can consequently increase the efficiency with which solar energy is transmitted and blocked.
  • the high-refractivity thin film 120 may be made of one selected from among, but not limited to, zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (IV) (TiO 2 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ) and antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3 ).
  • FIG. 2 is a graph depicting the transmittance of the thermochromic substrate with a thermochromic thin film according to an embodiment of the invention, depending on the wavelength.
  • the reference wavelength, at which the variance in transmittance due to the phase transition does not exceed 0 is 900 nm for a window that has a VO 2 single thin film and 750 nm for a window that has a VO 2 thin film and a TiO 2 high-refractivity thin film according to an embodiment of the invention. It can be appreciated that the reference wavelength, at which the variance in transmittance due to the phase transition does not exceed 0, is shifted from 900 nm to 750 nm.
  • thermochromic thin film 110 is a VO 2 thin film
  • refractive index of the high-refractivity thin film range from 1.7 to 2.7.
  • Table 1 presents changes in the transmittance of glass coated with a VO 2 single thin film and the transmittance of glass that has a VO 2 thin film and a TiO 2 coating on the VO 2 thin film before and after phase transition.
  • the window that has the VO 2 /TiO 2 film exhibits an increase in the transmittance of visible light of about 3% over the window that has the VO 2 single thin film, and that it exhibits an increase in the difference in the transmittance of sunlight before and after phase transition. Therefore, it can be understood that the efficiency with which solar energy is transmitted and blocked is increased by coating the thermochromic thin film with the high-refractivity thin film.
  • Table 2 below presents transmittance and reflectivity before and after phase transition depending on the optical thicknesses of TiO2, which coats a VO2 thin film having a thickness of 45 nm.
  • the difference in the transmittance before and after phase transition is great when the optical thickness of the high-refractivity thin film ranges from 0.25 to 0.8, and preferably from 0.5 to 0.8.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view depicting an energy-saving pair-glass according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the energy-saving pair-glass of this embodiment includes a first glass substrate 210 and a second glass substrate 220 having a coating section 221 on the surface that faces the first glass substrate 210 .
  • the second glass substrate 220 is spaced apart from the first glass substrate 210 .
  • a spacer 230 is disposed between the first glass substrate 210 and the second glass substrate 220 in order to maintain the interval between the first and second glass substrates 210 and 220 .
  • the coating section 221 may include a VO 2 thin film, which coats the second glass substrate 220 , and a high-refractivity thin film, which coats the VO 2 thin film.
  • the high-refractivity thin film serves to shift the reference wavelength in the IR range, at which the variance in the transmittance due to the phase transition does not exceed 0, to a shorter wavelength.
  • the pair-glass of this embodiment is hermetically fixed to a window frame (or doorframe) 240 . Accordingly, the pair-glass of this embodiment can realize high efficiency in the transmission and blocking of solar energy, and its characteristics, such as soundproofing, protection from wind, and protection from heat, can be better than those of a single layer of glass.
  • the high-refractivity thin film may be made of one selected from among, but not limited to, zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (IV) (TiO 2 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ) and antimony trioxide (Sb 2 O 3 ).
  • the high-refractivity thin film may have a refractive index ranging from 1.7 to 2.7, and the thickness of the high-refractivity thin film may range from 0.25 to 0.8, preferably, from 0.5 to 0.8.
  • thermochromic substrate with the thermochromic thin film may include a plurality of thermochromic thin films and a plurality of high-refractivity thin films alternating with each other.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
US13/449,551 2011-04-18 2012-04-18 Thermochromic substrate and pair-glass with thermochromic thin film Abandoned US20120263930A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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KR10-2011-0035789 2011-04-18
KR1020110035789A KR20120118303A (ko) 2011-04-18 2011-04-18 에너지절약형 창 및 복층유리

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EP (1) EP2514724A3 (zh)
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CN103771725A (zh) * 2012-10-22 2014-05-07 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 一种新型多功能节能玻璃镀膜结构及制备方法
US20140333984A1 (en) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-13 Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd. Thermocromic window and method of fabricating the same
CN104495928A (zh) * 2015-01-09 2015-04-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 一种二氧化钒/氧化锌纳米复合粉体的制备方法
JPWO2015030206A1 (ja) * 2013-08-30 2017-03-02 積水化学工業株式会社 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス
US20170158554A1 (en) * 2015-12-03 2017-06-08 Ajou University Industry-Academic Cooperation Foun Dation Single layer smart window
US11391467B2 (en) * 2018-11-01 2022-07-19 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Cooking apparatus

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US10871600B2 (en) * 2012-12-17 2020-12-22 Guardian Glass, LLC Window for reducing bird collisions
KR20150049326A (ko) * 2013-10-30 2015-05-08 코닝정밀소재 주식회사 써모크로믹 윈도우 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 써모크로믹 윈도우
CN104216146A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2014-12-17 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种显示面板、显示装置以及显示面板的制备方法
CN104612553B (zh) * 2015-01-29 2016-05-04 伟视幕墙（上海）有限公司 智能调光三中空玻璃
DE102015103394A1 (de) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Solarabsorber
DE102015103396A1 (de) * 2015-03-09 2016-09-15 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Solarabsorber
CN105366955B (zh) * 2015-11-13 2018-12-25 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 调温玻璃及汽车
CN109661043B (zh) * 2018-11-12 2021-05-18 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 一种可变色柔性加热复合薄膜
CN110836072A (zh) * 2019-11-28 2020-02-25 怀化市吉驷玻璃有限公司 一种环保节能中空玻璃

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US9442313B2 (en) * 2013-05-13 2016-09-13 Samsung Corning Precision Materials Co., Ltd. Thermochromic window and method of fabricating the same
JPWO2015030206A1 (ja) * 2013-08-30 2017-03-02 積水化学工業株式会社 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス
CN104495928A (zh) * 2015-01-09 2015-04-08 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 一种二氧化钒/氧化锌纳米复合粉体的制备方法
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EP2514724A3 (en) 2013-11-20

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