US20120231984A1 - Marine lubricating oil composite additive - Google Patents
Marine lubricating oil composite additive Download PDFInfo
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- US20120231984A1 US20120231984A1 US13/416,073 US201213416073A US2012231984A1 US 20120231984 A1 US20120231984 A1 US 20120231984A1 US 201213416073 A US201213416073 A US 201213416073A US 2012231984 A1 US2012231984 A1 US 2012231984A1
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- 0 [1*]OP(=S)(O[2*])S[Zn]SP(=S)(O[3*])O[4*] Chemical compound [1*]OP(=S)(O[2*])S[Zn]SP(=S)(O[3*])O[4*] 0.000 description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M161/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M9/00—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00
- F01M9/02—Lubrication means having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M7/00 having means for introducing additives to lubricant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/02—Well-defined aliphatic compounds
- C10M2203/0206—Well-defined aliphatic compounds used as base material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/086—Imides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/046—Overbasedsulfonic acid salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
- C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M2223/045—Metal containing thio derivatives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/04—Detergent property or dispersant property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/26—Waterproofing or water resistance
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/52—Base number [TBN]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/252—Diesel engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions
- C10N2070/02—Concentrating of additives
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite additive used for marine lubricating oils, and more particularly to a composite additive designed for cylinder lubricating oils which is applied in shipborne BOB systems.
- the operating procedure of the BOB system is as follows: the system oil is pumped from the main oil tank to each lubrication point of the engine so as to provide lubrication and thereafter recycled back to the main oil tank, wherein part of the system oil is side-drawn and then blended with a composite additive in the BOB blending device to form a cylinder oil with required base numbers, which is burned off after fulfilling lubrication, and the residue thereof flows into a waste oil tank.
- the composite additive should satisfy the requirement of being pumped within the BOB system and fit with the blending system.
- the marine lubricating oil composite additive is characterized in that based on the total weight of the composite additive, it comprises: 25-45% sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number, 40-60% phenolate detergent with low base number, 0-8% dispersing agent, 0-4% antiwear agent, and 10-20% Group I base oil with high viscosity index.
- Said sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number is C 22 -C 30 linear alkyl benzene calcium sulphonate, wherein the base number thereof is 395-430 mgKOH/g.
- Said phenolate detergent with low base number is C 20 -C 25 alkyl sulfurized calcium phenolate, wherein the base number thereof is 240-265 mgKOH/g.
- Said dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of mono-polyisobutylene succinimide, bis-polyisobutylene succinimide and multi-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- Said antiwear agent is zinc long-chain alkyl thiophosphate with the structure corresponding to the following formula,
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are long-chain primary alkyl groups each comprising 12-18 carbon atoms, or R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are long-chain secondary alkyl groups each comprising 12-16 carbon atoms.
- the marine lubricating oil composite additive according to the present invention employs two composed detergents supplemented by antiwear agent and dispersing agent, and takes advantage of not only the excellent detergency and dispersion performance of the sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number but also the excellent antiwear and antioxidization performance of the phenolate detergent with low base number.
- the formulation of composite additive is optimized so as to satisfy the requirement of the BOB online blending system.
- the technical features of the present invention are as follows: the requirement of BOB system process for the viscosity and base number can be satisfied; the composite additive according to the present invention is compatible with many system oils under typical foreign brands, and the formulated cylinder lubricating oils with different base numbers have excellent performances in terms of antiwear, antioxidization and high temperature detergency.
- the present composite additive has been tested by sailing over 4000 hours, and has been technically certified by MAN B&W, the engine OEM (original equipment manufacturer).
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram for the operating principle of BOB online blending system.
- the composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- the blending process is as follows: the base oil is firstly added into a blending barrel/tank, and then the temperature is raised to 65 ⁇ 5° C., wherein the base oil should have a kinematic viscosity of 7.0-12.0 mm 2 /s at 100° C.; the antiwear agent, the dispersing agent and the detergents are subsequently introduced into said blending barrel/tank, and stirring is carried out at 65 ⁇ 5° C. for 2 hours until completely homogeneous.
- the above process is implemented in every example hereafter.
- the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g.
- the sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 250 mgKOH/g.
- the antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 18 carbon atoms.
- the dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- the base oil is group I base oil 400SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
- the composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g.
- the sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 240 mgKOH/g.
- the antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 12 carbon atoms.
- the dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- the base oil is group I base oil 400SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
- the composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 30 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 410 mgKOH/g.
- the sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 265 mgKOH/g.
- the antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises carbon atoms.
- the dispersing agent is multi-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- the base oil is group I base oil 600SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
- the composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 410 mgKOH/g.
- the sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 20 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 300 mgKOH/g.
- the antiwear agent is zinc long-chain secondary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain secondary alkyl group comprises 12 carbon atoms.
- the dispersing agent is mono-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- the base oil is Group I base oil 500SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
- the composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g.
- the sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 240 mgKOH/g.
- the antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 18 carbon atoms.
- the dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- the base oil is group I base oil 400SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
- the present invention provides a bis-detergent composite additive designed for the BOB system, and the physical and chemical properties of such composite additive are able to satisfy the requirement of Maersk Fluid Co. about the composite additive designed for the BOB system.
- the physical and chemical properties of the composite additives obtained by the above examples are listed in Table 1.
- the composite additive designed for the BOB system using double detergents provided by the present invention is well compatible with system oil products under typical domestic and foreign brands, for example Exxon-Mobile Company, BP Company and PetroChina.
- the performances of the formulated cylinder oils with different base numbers are individually studied by simulated experiments, and the results demonstrate that the cylinder oils with different base numbers maintain good combination property as for lubricating oil, for example the antioxidization, antiwear, detergency and water resisting performances and etc.
- the antioxidization performance of the cylinder oil is evaluated according to the oxidative induction time which is measured by differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC).
- the antiwear performance is evaluated by the Pb value and the long wear extent which are obtained by four-ball test.
- the coking tests are carried out in order to test the detergency performance of the cylinder oil, while the gel tests are carried out so as to test the storage stability.
- the bis-detergent composite additive designed for the BOB system formulated according to the formulation of Example 6 is blended with Exxon-Mobile system oil Mobilgard M300, BP system oil Energol OE-HT30 and Kunlun system oil DCC3008, respectively, so as to provide cylinder oils with the base numbers of 70 mgKOH/g, 60 mgKOH/g, 50 mgKOH/g and 40 mgKOH/g as shown in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5.
- the composite additive designed for the BOB system using double detergents provided by the present invention can be blended with system oils so as to provide cylinder oils that can satisfy the requirement of the engine.
- Such composite additive has been tested by sailing over 4000 hours wherein BP Energol OE-HT30 is used as the system oil by the vessel, and has been technically certified by MAN B&W. Samples of the fresh/waste cylinder oils using such composite additive during the sailing were monitored, and the data are illustrated in FIG. 2 .
- the base number of the cylinder oil formulated from the composite additive decreased from 70 mgKOH/g at the beginning, through 60 mgKOH/g and 50 mgKOH/g, to 40 mgKOH/g at the end.
- the entire sailing test could be divided into four stages according to the base number of the cylinder oil, and each stage lasted about 1000 hours. It can be clearly seen from FIG. 2 that the residual base number in the waste oil was not notably decreased, and the Fe content resulted from the wear was not notably increased, either, that is, the both important index fluctuated within normal ranges.
- the Fe content in the waste oil was never abnormally high, and the Fe content of all the samples was always less than 200 ppm, which satisfied the requirement of the engine OEM about the performance of cylinder oils;
- the residue base number of the waste oil from the four different stages tended to decrease due to the decrease of the base number of fresh oils. Furthermore, even if the cylinder oil with a base number of 40 mgKOH/g was used, the residue base number in the waste oil was still above 12 mgKOH/g. It is shown that the composite additive has strong ability to “store” the base number, and thus effectively prevent the wear of engine parts to occur.
- the cylinder lubricating oil maintained steady combination performance in case that the variation of the dosage of the composite additive reached the extent close to 50%, especially in terms of the antiwear performance under extreme pressure and the ability to preserve the base number.
- the test results sufficiently satisfied the requirement of the engine about the lubricating oil performance and were technically certified by the engine OEM.
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Abstract
A marine lubricating oil composite additive is provided. Based on the total weight of the composite additive, said marine lubricating oil composite additive comprises: 25-45% sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number, 40-60% phenolate detergent with low base number, 0-8% dispersing agent, 0-4% antiwear agent, and 10-20% Group I base oil with high viscosity index which is selected from the group consisting of 400SN, 500SN and 600SN. The composite additive of the present invention can satisfy the requirement of BOB system about the viscosity and base number, and can be blended with many system oils under a number of domestic and foreign brands so as to provide cylinder lubricating oils with different base numbers. The composite additive of the present invention has good adaptability and excellent performances in terms of antiwear, antioxidization and high temperature detergency, which meet the requirement of marine engines about the performance of cylinder lubricating oils.
Description
- This application claims the benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. §119 (a)-(d) of Chinese Patent Application Serial Number 201110057541.4, entitled “A MARINE LUBRICATING OIL COMPOSITE ADDITIVE,” filed on Mar. 10, 2011, the benefit of priority of which is claimed hereby, and which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
- The present invention relates to a composite additive used for marine lubricating oils, and more particularly to a composite additive designed for cylinder lubricating oils which is applied in shipborne BOB systems.
- The current BOB (Blender-on-Board) online blending system equipped on ocean vessels is an automatic control system that blends the marine system oil with a composite additive which is designed for the marine lubricating oils in the BOB system so as to provide a cylinder lubricating oil that have an optional target base number, and such cylinder lubricating oil can be rapidly transferred to the engine in order to meet the different requirements for the base number of the cylinder lubricating oil in cases of using fuels with different sulfur contents. A schematic diagram for the operating principle of BOB online blending system is shown in
FIG. 1 . - The operating procedure of the BOB system is as follows: the system oil is pumped from the main oil tank to each lubrication point of the engine so as to provide lubrication and thereafter recycled back to the main oil tank, wherein part of the system oil is side-drawn and then blended with a composite additive in the BOB blending device to form a cylinder oil with required base numbers, which is burned off after fulfilling lubrication, and the residue thereof flows into a waste oil tank.
- The composite additives designed for the BOB system are remarkably different from the traditional marine lubricating oils. The later are lubricating oil products with fixed base numbers, which are produced in blending plants and may be directly used by adding into the oil tank of vessels, whereas the former are additives produced by blending plants and blended with the system oil before adding into a tank of vessels so as to provide marine cylinder lubricating oils with different base numbers in order to meet the requirement of the use in engines.
- Therefore, the composite additives designed for the BOB system have several features in terms of the technical requirement:
- 1. Sufficient antiwear and antioxidization properties should be preserved when relatively low dosage is used;
- 2. Good compatibility to system oils under different brands;
- 3. The composite additive should satisfy the requirement of being pumped within the BOB system and fit with the blending system.
- According to the novelty search within Chinese and worldwide patents, no related reference documents are found in the field of both shipborne BOB online blending system and the composite additive designed the BOB system.
- In the light of the disclosure reported by related Chinese and worldwide patents, it is known that the binary detergent system composed by a sulfonate detergent and a phenolate detergent is widely used in the formulation of the cylinder oil at present. Meanwhile, the above two primary additives of sulfonate and phenolate detergents are both easy to purchase and cheap in price in the international market. With an aim to the world market of the marine lubricating oil, the establishment of an international blending and supplying network can, on one hand, expand the oil supplying network of PetroChina and improve the sale and service level, and can benefit to reducing the production cost so as to sharpen the competitive edge of self-owned brand products of PetroChina.
- The purpose of the present invention is to provide a marine lubricating oil composite additive that can not only satisfy the requirement of the marine BOB online blending system but also have wide adaptability.
- The marine lubricating oil composite additive is characterized in that based on the total weight of the composite additive, it comprises: 25-45% sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number, 40-60% phenolate detergent with low base number, 0-8% dispersing agent, 0-4% antiwear agent, and 10-20% Group I base oil with high viscosity index.
- Said sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number is C22-C30 linear alkyl benzene calcium sulphonate, wherein the base number thereof is 395-430 mgKOH/g.
- Said phenolate detergent with low base number is C20-C25 alkyl sulfurized calcium phenolate, wherein the base number thereof is 240-265 mgKOH/g.
- Said dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of mono-polyisobutylene succinimide, bis-polyisobutylene succinimide and multi-polyisobutylene succinimide.
- Said antiwear agent is zinc long-chain alkyl thiophosphate with the structure corresponding to the following formula,
- wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are long-chain primary alkyl groups each comprising 12-18 carbon atoms, or R1, R2, R3 and R4 are long-chain secondary alkyl groups each comprising 12-16 carbon atoms.
- Said base oil is Group I base oil with high viscosity index which is selected from the group consisting of 400SN, 500SN and 600SN, the kinematic viscosity of which is 8.5-11.5 cst at 100° C. The appropriate base oils are commercially available from PetroChina Company.
- The marine lubricating oil composite additive according to the present invention employs two composed detergents supplemented by antiwear agent and dispersing agent, and takes advantage of not only the excellent detergency and dispersion performance of the sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number but also the excellent antiwear and antioxidization performance of the phenolate detergent with low base number. The formulation of composite additive is optimized so as to satisfy the requirement of the BOB online blending system.
- The technical features of the present invention are as follows: the requirement of BOB system process for the viscosity and base number can be satisfied; the composite additive according to the present invention is compatible with many system oils under typical foreign brands, and the formulated cylinder lubricating oils with different base numbers have excellent performances in terms of antiwear, antioxidization and high temperature detergency. The present composite additive has been tested by sailing over 4000 hours, and has been technically certified by MAN B&W, the engine OEM (original equipment manufacturer).
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FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram for the operating principle of BOB online blending system. -
FIG. 2 shows the monitoring data for samples of the fresh/waste cylinder oils using the composite additive of the present application during the sailing. - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process. The blending process is as follows: the base oil is firstly added into a blending barrel/tank, and then the temperature is raised to 65±5° C., wherein the base oil should have a kinematic viscosity of 7.0-12.0 mm2/s at 100° C.; the antiwear agent, the dispersing agent and the detergents are subsequently introduced into said blending barrel/tank, and stirring is carried out at 65±5° C. for 2 hours until completely homogeneous. The above process is implemented in every example hereafter.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 240 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 12 carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is group I base oil 600SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
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Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C22) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 25 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C25) phenolate with low base 55 number Zinc primary alkyl (C12) thiophosphate 2 Bis-polyisobutylene succinimide 8 Group I base oil of 600SN 10 - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 30 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 395 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 20 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 265 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain secondary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain secondary alkyl group comprises 16 carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is multi-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is group I base oil 500SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
-
Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C30) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 45 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C20) phenolate with low base 41 number Zinc secondary alkyl (C16) thiophosphate 4 Multi-polyisobutylene succinimide 0 Group I base oil of 500SN 10 - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 250 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 18 carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is group I base oil 400SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
-
Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C22) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 32 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C25) phenolate with low base 40 number Zinc primary alkyl (C18) thiophosphate 0 Bis-polyisobutylene succinimide 8 Group I base oil of 400SN 20 - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 240 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 12 carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is group I base oil 400SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
-
Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C22) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 28 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C25) phenolate with low base 60 number Zinc primary alkyl (C12) thiophosphate 2 Bis-polyisobutylene succinimide 0 Group I base oil of 400SN 10 - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 30 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 410 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 265 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is multi-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is group I base oil 600SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
-
Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C30) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 30 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C25) phenolate with low base 45 number Zinc primary alkyl (C18) thiophosphate 4 Multi-polyisobutylene succinimide 6 Group I base oil of 600SN 15 - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 410 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 20 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 300 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain secondary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain secondary alkyl group comprises 12 carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is mono-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is Group I base oil 500SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
-
Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C22) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 40 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C20) phenolate with low base 40 number Zinc secondary alkyl (C12) thiophosphate 1 Mono-polyisobutylene succinimide 4 Group I base oil of 500SN 15 - The composite additive used in BOB system may be prepared from the components mentioned below (their contents in weight percentage are also given in detail) by means of normal process.
- In this example, the sulfonate with superhigh base number is calcium long-chain linear alkyl benzene sulphonate with superhigh base number wherein the long-chain linear alkyl group comprises 22 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 430 mgKOH/g. The sulfurized alkyl phenolate with low base number is sulfurized calcium long-chain alkyl phenolate wherein the alkyl group comprises 25 carbon atoms, and the base number thereof is 240 mgKOH/g. The antiwear agent is zinc long-chain primary alkyl thiophosphate wherein the long-chain primary alkyl group comprises 18 carbon atoms. The dispersing agent is bis-polyisobutylene succinimide. The base oil is group I base oil 400SN available from PetroChina Daqing Petrochemical Company.
-
Components Contents (%) Linear alkyl (C22) calcium sulfonate with superhigh base 32 number Sulfurized calcium alkyl (C25) phenolate with low base 58 number Zinc primary alkyl (C18) thiophosphate 0 Bis-polyisobutylene succinimide 0 Group I base oil of 400SN 10 - The present invention provides a bis-detergent composite additive designed for the BOB system, and the physical and chemical properties of such composite additive are able to satisfy the requirement of Maersk Fluid Co. about the composite additive designed for the BOB system. The physical and chemical properties of the composite additives obtained by the above examples are listed in Table 1.
-
TABLE 1 Comparison of the physical and chemical properties of the bis-detergent cylinder oil composite additives designed for the BOB system Sample Technical Item Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Example 7 requirement Method Kinematic 81.68 90.46 85.38 86.72 92.36 86.46 88.69 ≦95 GB/T 265 viscosity according to (100° C.), mm2/s OEM Base number, 305 295 310 290 292 302 298 ≧285 SH/T 0251 mgKOH/g accoring to OEM Density (20 ° C.), 1097.6 1085.5 1072.0 1095.0 1079.6 1105.4 1092.6 Report SH/T 0604 kg/m3 Flash point 185 186 192 178 184 198 186 ≧150 GB/T 261 (closed), ° C. Moisture, % 0.18 0.03 0.06 0.08 0.03 0.06 0.03 ≦0.2 GB/T 260 Mechanical 0.032 0.012 0.020 0.030 0.018 0.028 0.032 ≦0.1 GB/T 511 impurity, % Sulfated ash, % 32.96 36.68 38.42 37.61 34.98 35.29 30.64 Report GB/T 2433 - The composite additive designed for the BOB system using double detergents provided by the present invention is well compatible with system oil products under typical domestic and foreign brands, for example Exxon-Mobile Company, BP Company and PetroChina. The performances of the formulated cylinder oils with different base numbers are individually studied by simulated experiments, and the results demonstrate that the cylinder oils with different base numbers maintain good combination property as for lubricating oil, for example the antioxidization, antiwear, detergency and water resisting performances and etc.
- Herein, the antioxidization performance of the cylinder oil is evaluated according to the oxidative induction time which is measured by differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC). The antiwear performance is evaluated by the Pb value and the long wear extent which are obtained by four-ball test. The coking tests are carried out in order to test the detergency performance of the cylinder oil, while the gel tests are carried out so as to test the storage stability.
- The bis-detergent composite additive designed for the BOB system formulated according to the formulation of Example 6 is blended with Exxon-Mobile system oil Mobilgard M300, BP system oil Energol OE-HT30 and Kunlun system oil DCC3008, respectively, so as to provide cylinder oils with the base numbers of 70 mgKOH/g, 60 mgKOH/g, 50 mgKOH/g and 40 mgKOH/g as shown in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5.
-
TABLE 2 Physical and chemical properties of the cylinder oil with the base number of 70 mgKOH/g and the simulated performance thereof Mobilgard Energol KUNLUN Item Unit M300 OE-HT30 DCC3008 Method Dosage of the 22 22 21.2 composite additive, % Viscosity, 100° C. mm2/s 13.77 14.23 13.37 GB/T 265 Viscosity — 103 105 100 ISO2909 coefficient Base number mgKOH/g 69.7 69.4 69.4 SH/T 0251 Flash point ° C. 258 252 250 GB/T 261 Sulfated ash, % w % 7.49 7.85 7.38 GB/T 2433 Oxidative min 15.13 15.06 13.24 SH/T 0719, the test condition induction is: 200° C., 3.0 MPa, O2 time by PDSC Pb value by N 1254 1186 1186 GB/T 3142 four-ball test Long wear extent mm 0.33 0.34 0.33 SH/T 0189 by four-ball test Coking test mg 12 18 16 SH/T 0300 Gel test ml 0.5 0.25 0.1 1% of water and 99% of oil are blended in the test tube, stirred by an agitator blade (2000 rpm) for 60 sec and stored at 70° C. for 96 h. The precipitation amount at tube bottom is observed. -
TABLE 3 Physical and chemical properties of the cylinder oil with the base number of 60 mgKOH/g and the simulated performance thereof Mobilgard Energol KUNLUN Item Unit M300 OE-HT30 DCC3008 Method Dosage of the 18.64 18.64 17.8 composite additive, % Viscosity, 100° C. mm2/s 13.26 13.70 12.82 GB/T 265 Viscosity — 103 105 102 ISO2909 coefficient Base number mgKOH/g 69.6 69.7 60.5 SH/T 0251 Flash point ° C. 254 254 258 GB/T 261 Sulfated ash, % w % 7.10 7.28 7.05 GB/T 2433 PDSC min 13.20 14.22 12.83 SH/T 0719, the test condition is: 200° C., 3.0 MPa, O2 Pb value by N 1186 1117 1186 GB/T 3142 four-ball test Long wear extent mm 0.34 0.35 0.34 SH/T 0189 by four-ball test Coking test mg 16 22 9 SH/T 0300 Gel test ml 0.3 0.3 0.2 1% of water and 99% of oil are blended in the test tube, stirred by an agitator blade (2000 rpm) for 60 sec and stored at 70° C. for 96 h. The precipitation amount at tube bottom is observed. -
TABLE 4 Physical and chemical properties of the cylinder oil with the base number of 50 mgKOH/g and the simulated performance thereof Mobilgard Energol KUNLUN Item Unit M300 OE-HT30 DCC3008 Method Dosage of the 15.25 15.25 14.38 composite additive, % Viscosity, 100° C. mm2/s 12.89 13.36 12.36 GB/T 265 Viscosity — 101 105 101 ISO2909 coefficient Base number mgKOH/g 49.5 49.4 49.3 SH/T 0251 Flash point ° C. 252 260 252 GB/T 261 Sulfated ash, % w % 6.83 6.78 6.62 GB/T 2433 PDSC min 12.98 13.68 12.22 SH/T 0719, the test condition is: 200° C., 3.0 MPa, O2 Pb value by N 1117 1049 1117 GB/T 3142 four-ball test Long wear extent mm 0.34 0.35 0.35 SH/T 0189 by four-ball test Coking test mg 19 26 12 SH/T 0300 Gel test ml 0.5 0.45 0.35 1% of water and 99% of oil are blended in the test tube, stirred by an agitator blade (2000 rpm) for 60 sec and stored at 70° C. for 96 h. The precipitation amount at tube bottom is observed. -
TABLE 5 Physical and chemical properties of the cylinder oil with the base number of 40 mgKOH/g and the simulated performance thereof Mobilgard Energol KUNLUN Item Unit M300 OE-HT30 DCC3008 Method Dosage of the 11.86 11.86 10.96 composite additive, % Viscosity, 100° C. mm2/s 12.56 12.89 11.98 GB/T 265 Viscosity — 102 104 100 ISO2909 coefficient Base number mgKOH/g 39.8 39.2 40.2 SH/T 0251 Flash point ° C. 250 254 249 GB/T 261 Sulfated ash, % w % 6.53 6.39 6.31 GB/T 2433 PDSC min 12.74 13.34 11.96 SH/T 0719, the test condition is: 200° C., 3.0 MPa, O2 Pb value by N 1117 1117 1186 GB/T 3142 four-ball test Long wear extent mm 0.34 0.35 0.34 SH/T 0189 by four-ball test Coking test mg 21 24 18 SH/T 0300 Gel test ml 0.4 0.25 0.5 1% of water and 99% of oil are blended in the test tube, stirred by an agitator blade (2000 rpm) for 60 sec and stored at 70° C. for 96 h. The precipitation amount at tube bottom is observed. - The composite additive designed for the BOB system using double detergents provided by the present invention can be blended with system oils so as to provide cylinder oils that can satisfy the requirement of the engine. Such composite additive has been tested by sailing over 4000 hours wherein BP Energol OE-HT30 is used as the system oil by the vessel, and has been technically certified by MAN B&W. Samples of the fresh/waste cylinder oils using such composite additive during the sailing were monitored, and the data are illustrated in
FIG. 2 . - Throughout the test of 4000 hours, the base number of the cylinder oil formulated from the composite additive decreased from 70 mgKOH/g at the beginning, through 60 mgKOH/g and 50 mgKOH/g, to 40 mgKOH/g at the end. The entire sailing test could be divided into four stages according to the base number of the cylinder oil, and each stage lasted about 1000 hours. It can be clearly seen from
FIG. 2 that the residual base number in the waste oil was not notably decreased, and the Fe content resulted from the wear was not notably increased, either, that is, the both important index fluctuated within normal ranges. - 1. The Fe content in the waste oil was never abnormally high, and the Fe content of all the samples was always less than 200 ppm, which satisfied the requirement of the engine OEM about the performance of cylinder oils;
- 2. The residue base number of the waste oil from the four different stages tended to decrease due to the decrease of the base number of fresh oils. Furthermore, even if the cylinder oil with a base number of 40 mgKOH/g was used, the residue base number in the waste oil was still above 12 mgKOH/g. It is shown that the composite additive has strong ability to “store” the base number, and thus effectively prevent the wear of engine parts to occur.
- In conclusion, the cylinder lubricating oil maintained steady combination performance in case that the variation of the dosage of the composite additive reached the extent close to 50%, especially in terms of the antiwear performance under extreme pressure and the ability to preserve the base number. The test results sufficiently satisfied the requirement of the engine about the lubricating oil performance and were technically certified by the engine OEM.
Claims (2)
1. A marine lubricating oil composite additive, wherein, based on the total weight of the composite additive, it comprises: 25-45% sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number, 40-60% phenolate detergent with low base number, 0-8% dispersing agent, 0-4% antiwear agent, and 10-20% Group I base oil with high viscosity index which is selected from the group consisting of 400SN, 500SN and 600SN;
said sulfonate detergent with superhigh base number is C22-C30 linear alkyl benzene calcium sulphonate, wherein the base number thereof is 395-430 mgKOH/g;
said phenolate detergent with low base number is C20-C25 alkyl sulfurized calcium phenolate, wherein the base number thereof is 240-265 mgKOH/g;
said dispersing agent is selected from the group consisting of mono-polyisobutylene succinimide, bis-polyisobutylene succinimide and multi-polyisobutylene succinimide;
said antiwear agent is zinc long-chain alkyl thiophosphate with the structure corresponding to the following formula,
2. The marine lubricating oil composite additive according to claim 1 , wherein the kinematic viscosity of said base oil is 8.5-11.5 cst at 100° C.
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US14/550,580 US20150144429A1 (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2014-11-21 | Marine lubricating oil composite additive |
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CN201110057541.4A CN102676272B (en) | 2011-03-10 | 2011-03-10 | Marine lubricating oil complex agent |
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EP (1) | EP2497817B1 (en) |
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CN116064188A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Lubricating oil composition and method for producing the same |
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EP2767578B1 (en) | 2013-02-19 | 2016-02-03 | LUKOIL Marine Lubricants Germany GmbH | Process and apparatus for the preparation of a cylinder oil |
CN104403721B (en) * | 2014-10-13 | 2017-04-05 | 菲玛(新加坡)有限公司 | A kind of cylinder oil compound additive and preparation method thereof |
CN104450091A (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2015-03-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Marine cylinder oil composition as well as preparation method and application thereof |
CN106906032B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2020-10-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Engine oil intensifier |
CN105505531A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-04-20 | 东营市分众工贸有限公司 | Environment-friendly lubricating oil |
CN106590860A (en) * | 2016-10-26 | 2017-04-26 | 广西北海玉柴马石油高级润滑油有限公司 | Enhanced marine engine lubricating oil |
CN106930799B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-08-23 | 上海中船三井造船柴油机有限公司 | A kind of double automatic attemperation apparatus of base number cylinder oil of marine low speed diesel engine |
CN112646646A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2021-04-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Railway locomotive oil composition, preparation method and application thereof |
CN114644952B (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-06-09 | 龙蟠润滑新材料(天津)有限公司 | Marine medium-speed cylindrical piston diesel engine oil composition and preparation method thereof |
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2011
- 2011-03-10 CN CN201110057541.4A patent/CN102676272B/en active Active
- 2011-04-22 WO PCT/CN2011/000706 patent/WO2012119272A1/en active Application Filing
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- 2012-03-09 EP EP12158752.1A patent/EP2497817B1/en active Active
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US20050137098A1 (en) * | 2003-12-22 | 2005-06-23 | Chevron Oronite S.A. | Overbased detergents for lubricating oil applications |
US20090203563A1 (en) * | 2005-12-20 | 2009-08-13 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method of Preparing an Overbased or Neutral Detergent |
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CN102676272A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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US20150144429A1 (en) | 2015-05-28 |
CN102676272B (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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