US20120083533A1 - Use of amides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids in the treatment of renal diseases - Google Patents
Use of amides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids in the treatment of renal diseases Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120083533A1 US20120083533A1 US13/251,871 US201113251871A US2012083533A1 US 20120083533 A1 US20120083533 A1 US 20120083533A1 US 201113251871 A US201113251871 A US 201113251871A US 2012083533 A1 US2012083533 A1 US 2012083533A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mono
- diamide
- acid
- palmitoylethanolamide
- renal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/16—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids
- A61K31/164—Amides, e.g. hydroxamic acids of a carboxylic acid with an aminoalcohol, e.g. ceramides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
- A61K31/195—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group
- A61K31/197—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid having an amino group the amino and the carboxyl groups being attached to the same acyclic carbon chain, e.g. gamma-aminobutyric acid [GABA], beta-alanine, epsilon-aminocaproic acid or pantothenic acid
- A61K31/198—Alpha-amino acids, e.g. alanine or edetic acid [EDTA]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/04—Drugs for skeletal disorders for non-specific disorders of the connective tissue
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
Definitions
- the present invention regards a therapy for renal diseases and the ensuing alterations of the renal function, in particular, even though not exclusively, of the renal diseases which develop in diabetic patients or who have been subjected to a chemotherapy antitumor treatment using a platinum derivative.
- the most frequent renal disease is characterised by damaged renal glomerula.
- Renal diseases may be congenital or acquired; in particular the acquired ones may have various etiology:
- renal diseases bound to develop into chronic renal disease constitute an important clinical category, representing the second cause of death in dogs, after diseases of tumour origin, and the first cause of death of the aged cats. From an etiologic point of view, the causes that determine the loss, progressive and irreversible, of the functionality of the nephrons in small animals were precisely classified in (Squires et al, 1998) in:
- One of the two main objectives of nephrology is, first and foremost, that of understanding the mechanism which regulates the passage from an acute renal damage to the chronic fibrotic renal disease given that, once the fibrogenesis has started it might be very difficult, currently, to intervene on the fibrotic process; in any case, the objective of stopping or at least slowing the progression of the chronic renal disease remains extremely important considering that such disease also constitutes an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
- this currently there are several studies aimed at accurately understanding the most significant mechanisms of occurrence, with the aim of preventing the phenomena that determines the irreversibility of the disease.
- tubulointerstitial fibrosis considered the main cause of the chronic renal disease; fibrosis causes an excessive accumulation of extracellular type, mainly made up collagen, and it is usually accompanied by a progressive loss of renal function when the normal tissue is replaced by a cicatricial tissue.
- One of the most currently studied phenomena is constituted by processes of controlling the genesis of mio-fibroblasts and by the role played by these cells in the formation of the fibrotic cicatricial tissue.
- Palmitoylethanolamide is the parent of a family of N-acyl amides called Aliamides: a class of endogenous lipid molecules capable of normalizing the activity of immune cells through a local antagonist mechanism.
- the analgesic effects instead, are related to a normalisation of the controlled release of trophic factors like NGF which, if present in excess in the tissues, make the neuronal structures hypersensitive and hyperexcitable, with the occurrence of hyperalgesia and allodynia. From a clinical point of view, the oral uptake of products containing PEA is capable of improving the neuropathic symptomotology related to the peripheral neuropathy also promoting the functional recovery of the motor conduction velocity.
- PEA at experimental level, is also efficient in dysmetabolic neuropathies, in particular administration thereof to animals made diabetic with streptozotocin eliminates allodynia and induces a partial recovery of the body weight and an increase of the insulin blood levels. These animals also reveal low over-production of blood free radicals and the levels of NGF in the sciatic nerve.
- N-acyl amides generally formed from monoethanolamine and dicarboxylic fatty acids, saturated and unsaturated, per se non-physiologic but equally capable of forming, during catabolism, substances physiologically present in the organism of mammals, thus not determining accumulation and/or toxicity of any kind, proved capable of determining pharmacological effects similar to the parent PEA.
- a first object of the present invention is constituted by a mono- or diamide of a C12-C20 monocarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, or of a C4-C14 dicarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, respectively, with an amine selected from among monoethanolamine and serine, or mixtures thereof, for use in the treatment of renal diseases, in particular but not exclusively renal diseases caused by dysmetabolic diseases or by toxic agents.
- a further object of the present invention is represented by palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for use in the treatment of renal diseases, wherein PEA is preferably in micronized form or in ultra-micronized form.
- PEA palmitoylethanolamide
- a further object of the present invention is constituted by PEA for use in the treatment of renal diseases, wherein said PEA is administered orally.
- a further object of the present invention is constituted by diethanolamide of fumaric acid for use in the treatment of renal diseases, in aqueous solution.
- the present invention is based on the surprising discovery that the exogenous administration of a mono- or diamide of a C12-C20 monocarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, or of a C4-C14 dicarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, respectively, with an amine selected from among monoethanolamine and serine and in particular oral administration of Palmitoylethanolamide preferably in micronized form (PEAm) or in ultra-micronized form (PEAum) and/or of diethanolamide of fumaric acid, administered preferably in solubilised form in suitable aqueous media, is capable of substantially improving the renal function in a mammal affected by the renal disease, with particular reference to diabetic nephropathy and nephropathy from antitumor agents.
- an amine selected from among monoethanolamine and serine and in particular oral administration of Palmitoylethanolamide preferably in micronized form (PEAm) or in ultra-micronized form (PEAum) and/or of diethanol
- the present inventors also discovered that the improvement of the renal function is associated to a lower expression of the TGF-1 ⁇ considered a considerable indication of the fibrogenesis in progress.
- the improvement of the renal function is also confirmed in patients affected by inflammatory nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy.
- said C12-C20 monocarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated is selected from among palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid.
- said C4-C14 dicarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated is selected from among fumaric acid, azelaic acid and trans-traumatic acid.
- Palmitoylethanolamide is a commercial product, which can be prepared through conventional methods, well known to a man skilled in the art, such as those that provide for the reaction between ethanolamine or serine, possibly in protected form, and said mono- or dicarboxylic acid in suitable conditions of condensation, which may also provide for the use of condensing agents.
- PEAm in micronized form
- PDA in micronized form or “PEAm” is used to indicate palmitoylethanolamide in which at least 94% or at least 95% or about 96% of the particles has a dimension smaller than 10 microns and preferably at least 77% or at least 78% or about 80% of the particles has a dimension smaller than 6 microns.
- PEAm may be prepared according to the disclosure of the European patent n° EP 1 207 870 B1.
- PEA in ultra-micronized form or “PEAum” is used to indicate palmitoylethanolamide in which at least 97% or at least 98% or at least 99% or about 99.9% of the particles has dimensions smaller than 6 microns and preferably at least 57% or at least 58% or at least 59% or about 59.6% of the particles has dimensions smaller than 2 microns.
- PEAum may be prepared according to the disclosure of the patent application n° PCT/IT2009/000399.
- Diethanolamide of fumaric acid may be prepared by synthesis according to the disclosure of Example 10 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,618,842.
- the present invention regards a mono- or diamide of a C12-C20 monocarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, or of a C4-C14 dicarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, respectively, with an amine selected from among monoethanolamine and serine, or mixtures thereof, for use in the treatment of renal diseases, in particular but not exclusively renal diseases caused by dysmetabolic diseases or by toxic agents.
- said mono- or diamide of a C12-C20 monocarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated, or of a C4-C14 dicarboxylic acid, saturated or monounsaturated is PEA or diethanolamide of fumaric acid.
- PEA is used in micronized form (PEAm).
- PEA is used in ultra-micronized form (PEAum), alone or mixed with PEAm.
- diethanolamide of fumaric acid is used in solubilised form in a suitable aqueous solvent.
- mice The model of streptozootocin in mice represents a classic and known model of hyperglycemia capable of inducing a progressive renal damage into the animal leading to the renal disease with clear alterations of the characteristic parameters.
- mice C57BL6/J were kept under standard conditions of care. Diabetes was induced into 8-weeks old mice and with an average weight of about 22 g by means of an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin in citrate buffer (55 mg/Kg of weight/day) for 5 consecutive days. The control animals were treated in the same conditions using the citrate buffer alone.
- Treatments were administered orally, by means of a tube, using both micronized Palmitoylethanolamide—PEAm (10.0 mg/Kg) suspended in a carrier and ultra-micronized palmitoylethanolamide PEAum (10.0 mg/Kg) suspended in a carrier; the results were compared with control animals treated with the carrier alone.
- a 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose was used as a carrier.
- Diethanolamide of fumaric acid was administered in sterile aqueous saline solution by intraperitoneal injection (10.0 mg/Kg); the results were compared with the animals treated with sterile saline solution alone.
- TGF-1 ⁇ The evaluation of TGF-1 ⁇ on the renal tissue was administered through the following method:
- Diabetic Diabetic animals Diabetic by i.p. orally Diabetic treated with animals injection with Non- with the animals ultra treated by i.p. diethanolamide diabetic carrier treated with micronized injection with of fumaric acid animals alone micronized PEA - saline solubilised in Examined (10 (10 PEA - PEAm PEAum solution alone saline solution parameter animals) animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) (10 animals) Body weight (g) 27.82 ⁇ 1.18 25.12 ⁇ 1.10 26.52 ⁇ 1.08 26.12 ⁇ 1.21 24.43 ⁇ 1.15 26.22 ⁇ 1.02 Glycemia 122.2 ⁇ 5.62 408.45 ⁇ 33.12 386.12 ⁇ 36.76 380.34 ⁇ 34.16 406.32 ⁇ 33.44 386.19 ⁇ 33.98 (mg/dl) Glycated 4.89 ⁇ 0.05 12.80 ⁇ 0.44 11.32 ⁇ 0.38
- Cisplatin a known and widely used chemotherapy agent, notoriously produces a serious renal damage in 50% of the patients subjected to treatment.
- the model applied is as follows: male mice C57BL6/J were kept under standard conditions of care. Nephrotoxicity was induced into 8-weeks old mice and with an average weight of about 23 g, by means of an intraperitoneal injection of Cisplatin dihydrochloride in saline solution (20 mg/Kg in one administration). The control animals were treated in the same conditions using the saline solution alone. The animals were sacrificed 72 hrs after treatment with Cisplatin.
- Diethanolamide of fumaric acid was administered in sterile aqueous saline solution by intraperitoneal injection (10.0 mg/Kg) with posology analogous to that of PEA; the results were compared with animals treated with sterile saline solution alone.
- the blood was collected from the saphenous vein using a micro syringe to measure, through conventional methods, the levels of creatinine of the serum.
- TGF-1 ⁇ The level of TGF-1 ⁇ on the renal tissue was measured through the following method: small pieces of the renal cortex, carefully separated and weighed, were homogenised in Tris-HCl 10 mM buffer at a 7.4 pH containing 2M of NaCl, 1 mM PMSF (phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, as a protease inhibitor), 1 mM EDTA and 0.01% of Tween 80. The samples were centrifuged at 19,000 rpm for 30 minutes and the supernatant was collected, measured and preserved at ⁇ 80° C.
- the amount of the TGF-1 ⁇ was measured using the ELISA commercial kit (Quantikine KitTM, Res & Diagn Systems, Minneapolis, USA) and the value expressed in pg/mg of total proteins.
- the concentration of total proteins was measured using the Bio-Rad commercial test (Hercules, Calif., USA).
- Palmitoylethanolamide was administered to patients in form of tablets each containing 600 mg of active ingredient in ultra-micronized form; 2 tablets per day (one every 12 hours, after meals) were administered to patients for 60 consecutive days).
- GRF Glomerular Filtration Rate
- Diabetic nephropathy 240 mg/dl 230 mg/dl 22.4 35.6 05 Diabetes type 2 compensated compensated with 10 U. with 10 U. ready insulin ready insulin Paz- N.C. 69
- Diabetic nephropathy 280 mg/dl 210 mg/dl 21.8 39.8 06 Diabetes 2) compensated compensated with 10 U. with 10 U. ready insulin + ready insulin + 20 U. retard 20 U. retard insulin insulin insulin
- PEA in particular when administered orally in micronized or ultra-micronized form, may be successfully used in the treatment of renal diseases in a mammal.
- diethanolamide of fumaric acid revealed to be active through intra-peritoneal injection.
- the compounds of the invention may thus be used, both for humans and veterinary purposes, in the treatment of renal diseases.
- Such diseases are preferably selected from among:
- the compounds of the invention may thus be formulated for oral, buccal, parenteral, rectal or transdermal administration.
- PEA may be preferably formulated for oral administration.
- Diethanolamide of fumaric acid may be preferably formulated for oral or injection administration considering the high solubility of such synthetic molecule in water.
- the pharmaceutical compositions may be provided, for example, in form of tablets or capsules prepared conventionally with pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as binding agents (for example pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose); bulking agents (such as for example lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate); lubricants (for example magnesium stearate, talc or silica); disintegrants (for example potato starch or sodium starch glycolate); or inhibitor agents (for example lauryl sodium sulfate).
- binding agents for example pregelatinised maize starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone or hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
- bulking agents such as for example lactose, microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate
- lubricants for example magnesium stearate, talc or silica
- disintegrants for example potato starch or sodium starch glycolate
- inhibitor agents for example lauryl sodium sulfate
- the liquid preparations for oral administration may be, for example, in form of solutions, syrups or suspensions or they may be in form of lyophilised products to be reconstituted, prior to use, with water or other suitable carriers.
- Such liquid preparations may be prepared through conventional methods with pharmaceutically acceptable additives such as suspension agents (for example sorbitol syrup, cellulose derivatives or edible hydrogenated fats); emulsifying agents (for example lecithin or acacia); non-aqueous carriers (for example almond oil, oily esters, ethylic alcohol or fractionated vegetable oils); and preservatives (for example methyl- or propyl-p-hydroxybenzoates or sorbic acid).
- the preparation may also suitably contain aromas, colouring agents and sweeteners.
- the preparations for oral administration may be formulated suitably to allow the controlled release of the active ingredient.
- compositions may be in form of tablets formulated conventionally, suitable for absorption at the buccal mucosa level.
- Typical buccal formulations are tablets for sublingual administration.
- the compounds of the invention may be formulated for parenteral administration by injection.
- the formulations for the injection may be in form of one dose for example in a vial, with an added preservative.
- the compositions may be in such form as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous carriers and they may contain formulary agents such as suspension, stabilising and/or dispersion agents.
- the active ingredient may be in form of powder to be reconstituted, prior to use, with a suitable carrier, for example with sterile water.
- Diethanolamide of fumaric acid may be easily formulated in sterile and non-pyrogenic aqueous solutions according to conventional literature of the pharmaceutical industry.
- the compounds of the invention may also be formulated according to rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enema, for example containing the basic components of common suppositories such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.
- the compounds of the invention may also be formulated as deposit preparations. Such long-term formulations may be administered by implantation (for example subcutaneous, transcutaneous or intramuscular) or by intramuscular injection.
- the compounds of the invention may be formulated with appropriate polymer or hydrophobic materials (for example in form of an emulsion in a suitable oil) or ionic exchange resins.
- the dosage of a compound of the invention, or of mixtures thereof, proposed for administration to a man ranges from 1 mg to 2 g and, preferably from 100 mg to 1 g of the active ingredient per dose unit.
- the dose unit may be administered, for example, from 1 to 4 times per day.
- the dosage shall be determined by the selected method of administration. It should be considered that frequent variations of the dose might be required depending on the age and the weight of the patient and also on the seriousness of the clinical condition to be treated. Lastly, the exact dose and method of administration shall be at the discretion of the doctor or veterinarian in question.
- compositions of the invention may be prepared using conventional methods, such as those described in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences Handbook, Mack Pub. Co., N.Y., USA, 17th edition, 1985.
- Each tablet contains:
- Each tablet contains:
- Each tablet contains:
- Each tablet contains:
- a 5 g dose of oral-dissolvable microgranules, for pediatric use, contains:
- a 5 ml dose of sterile suspension, for pediatric use, contains:
- a 5 g dose of oral-dissolvable microgranules contains:
- Each sterile single dose 5 ml two-layer container contains:
- Each soft gelatin capsule for veterinarian use (dog and cat), contains:
- a 2 ml glass vial contains:
- a 4 ml lyophilized glass vial contains:
- a 4 ml solvent vial contains:
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
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- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
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US14/536,186 US9402818B2 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2014-11-07 | Use of amides of mono- and dicarboxylic acids in the treatment of renal diseases |
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EP10425319.0A EP2444078B1 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2010-10-04 | Use of amides of mono and dicarboxylic acids in the treatment of renal diseases |
EP10425319.0 | 2010-10-04 |
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CN (1) | CN102526006B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI1107261A2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2648051T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2444078T (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US11311581B2 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2022-04-26 | Again Life Italia Srl | Combination comprising spirulina and palmitoylethanolamide and/or salts or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof and their formulations, for use in the prevention and/or in the treatment of hyperactivated tissue conditions |
Families Citing this family (5)
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PT2444078T (pt) * | 2010-10-04 | 2017-11-15 | Epitech Group S P A | Utilização de amidas de ácidos mono e dicarboxílicos no tratamento de doenças renais |
ITMI20131132A1 (it) * | 2013-07-05 | 2015-01-06 | Epitech Group Srl | Uso in combinazione di amidi di acidi mono- e dicarbossilici e silimarina nel trattamento di patologie renali |
PT2921171T (pt) * | 2014-03-21 | 2020-01-21 | Epitech Group S P A | Preparações oftálmicas, intra-articulares ou intravesicais contendo n-acil-etanolaminas |
EP2985037B1 (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2017-06-21 | EPITECH GROUP S.p.A. | A pharmaceutical composition comprising palmitoylethanolamid and cytidine-diphosphocholine |
PH12018000227B1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-11 | Frimline Private Ltd | A pharmaceutical composition for improving or preventing progression of chronic kidney disease |
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US6548550B1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2003-04-15 | Innovet Italia S.R.L. | Pharmaceutical compositions containing N-palmitoylethanolamide and use thereof in the veterinary field |
US20030215513A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-11-20 | Peter Fyhr | Method for releasing nanosized particles of an active substance from a diffusion-controlled pharmaceutical composition for oral use |
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US5618842A (en) | 1991-12-31 | 1997-04-08 | Lifegroup S.P.A. | N-acyl derivatives of aminoalcohols with polycarboxylic acids able to modulate mast cells in inflammatory processes having neuroimmunogenic origin |
US20080103209A1 (en) * | 2004-04-23 | 2008-05-01 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Compounds And Methods For Treating Non-Inflammatory Pain Using Ppar Alpha Agonists |
EP1844784B1 (en) * | 2006-03-28 | 2010-04-21 | Epitech Group S.r.l. | A pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of pathologies caused by the general response of the immune system |
WO2007124169A2 (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-01 | The Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Compositions and methods for transient receptor potential vanilloid (trpv) channel mediated treatments |
WO2008023998A1 (en) * | 2006-08-22 | 2008-02-28 | Industrial Research Limited | N-acylethanolamines as wound healing agents |
NZ552238A (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2009-07-31 | Seperex Nutritionals Ltd | An extract |
WO2010129845A1 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2010-11-11 | University Of Cincinnati | Methods of preventing ischemic injury using peripheral nociceptive stimulation |
PT2444078T (pt) * | 2010-10-04 | 2017-11-15 | Epitech Group S P A | Utilização de amidas de ácidos mono e dicarboxílicos no tratamento de doenças renais |
-
2010
- 2010-10-04 PT PT104253190T patent/PT2444078T/pt unknown
- 2010-10-04 ES ES10425319.0T patent/ES2648051T3/es active Active
- 2010-10-04 EP EP10425319.0A patent/EP2444078B1/en active Active
-
2011
- 2011-10-03 US US13/251,871 patent/US20120083533A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-10-04 BR BRPI1107261-0A2A patent/BRPI1107261A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-04 JP JP2011219935A patent/JP6462198B2/ja active Active
- 2011-10-08 CN CN201110306328.2A patent/CN102526006B/zh active Active
-
2014
- 2014-11-07 US US14/536,186 patent/US9402818B2/en active Active
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2017
- 2017-02-17 JP JP2017028105A patent/JP2017128578A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
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US6548550B1 (en) * | 1999-08-06 | 2003-04-15 | Innovet Italia S.R.L. | Pharmaceutical compositions containing N-palmitoylethanolamide and use thereof in the veterinary field |
US20030215513A1 (en) * | 2002-02-21 | 2003-11-20 | Peter Fyhr | Method for releasing nanosized particles of an active substance from a diffusion-controlled pharmaceutical composition for oral use |
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Kume et al., ("Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in Diabetic Nephropathy," PPAR Research, vol. 2008: pages 1-11, 2008). * |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11311581B2 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2022-04-26 | Again Life Italia Srl | Combination comprising spirulina and palmitoylethanolamide and/or salts or pharmaceutically acceptable derivatives thereof and their formulations, for use in the prevention and/or in the treatment of hyperactivated tissue conditions |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102526006A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
ES2648051T3 (es) | 2017-12-28 |
JP6462198B2 (ja) | 2019-01-30 |
US20150065576A1 (en) | 2015-03-05 |
BRPI1107261A2 (pt) | 2013-07-30 |
EP2444078B1 (en) | 2017-09-13 |
JP2012077084A (ja) | 2012-04-19 |
CN102526006B (zh) | 2016-12-21 |
EP2444078A1 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
US9402818B2 (en) | 2016-08-02 |
JP2017128578A (ja) | 2017-07-27 |
PT2444078T (pt) | 2017-11-15 |
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Owner name: EPITECH GROUP S.R.L., ITALY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:DELLA VALLE, FRANCESCO;MIGLIACCIO, RAFFAELE;FEDERICA DELLA VALLE, MARIA;REEL/FRAME:027384/0573 Effective date: 20111206 |
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