US20120009022A1 - Device for anchoring in multilayer soil - Google Patents
Device for anchoring in multilayer soil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120009022A1 US20120009022A1 US13/143,529 US200913143529A US2012009022A1 US 20120009022 A1 US20120009022 A1 US 20120009022A1 US 200913143529 A US200913143529 A US 200913143529A US 2012009022 A1 US2012009022 A1 US 2012009022A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- diameter
- disc
- anchoring
- bit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000368 destabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/028—Devices or accesories for injecting a grouting liquid in a bore-hole
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D1/00—Investigation of foundation soil in situ
- E02D1/02—Investigation of foundation soil in situ before construction work
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
- E02D27/50—Anchored foundations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/801—Ground anchors driven by screwing
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/80—Ground anchors
- E02D5/808—Ground anchors anchored by using exclusively a bonding material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
- E02D7/22—Placing by screwing down
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for anchoring in multilayer soil, of the type having a hollow rod whereof a first end receives a fastening means and whereof the opposite free end is intended to drill into the soil.
- Screw anchoring devices having one or more attached helical discs welded on a rod, are therefore provided for loose soils. These screw anchors can thereby stabilize the structure to be anchored, once the first loose soil layer is thick enough.
- the anchoring structure can be made in a soil with varying hardness, formed from the surface by a first layer of loose soil, then a second monolithic layer.
- the use of one or the other of the devices mentioned above does not allow satisfactory anchoring of the structure.
- the first layer of loose soil has too small a thickness to stabilize a screw anchoring device, and the use of self-drilling anchoring is made impossible by the depth to which the second layer extends, the distance to the surface risking destabilizing the self-drilling anchoring.
- the present invention aims to propose an anchoring device that allows solid anchoring in soils with variable thicknesses and/or different hardnesses, as mentioned above.
- the invention proposes a device for anchoring in multilayer soil, of the type having a hollow rod whereof a first end receives a fastening means and whereof the free opposite end is intended to drill into the ground, in which a positioning plate is mounted on the hollow rod and is intended to bear on the surface of the soil, the rod successively supporting, from the positioning plate towards the free end, at least one helical disc then a drilling disc, characterized in that the rod extends beyond the drilling disc opposite the positioning plate, and in that a bit is arranged on the free end of said rod, such that a first portion of the rod, suitable for being screwed into at least one first soil layer, extends from the positioning plate to the drilling disc, and such that a second portion of the rod, suitable for anchoring in a second soil layer, extends from the drilling disc to the bit.
- Such a device allows resistant structure anchoring, the first part of the rod being intended to be screwed into a first soil layer, for example loose, which extends over a second layer of soil, for example monolithic and consolidated of the rocky type, harder than the first soil layer, and in which the second part of the rod is suitable for being anchored.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 s a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- the anchoring device as illustrated in all of the figures, comprises a hollow rod 2 whereof a first end 21 receives a fastening means (not shown) of a structure or building to be anchored in the soil, the free opposite end 22 of the hollow rod 2 to that end being intended to drill into the soil.
- This structure is made to be fastened relative to the ground, whether in a land or water application.
- This anchoring device is particularly interesting in the case of an anchoring soil made up of several layers with distinct compositions, and in particular a soil as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2 , in which a first layer 31 is formed with a thickness of loose material, for example sand, gravel and generally non-consolidated materials, this first layer 31 resting on a second layer 32 made up of rocks, limestone or hardened concrete, and generally monolithic or consolidated materials, or in the case of a soil shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , in which a third layer 33 , formed by silts, rests on this first layer 31 .
- a first layer 31 is formed with a thickness of loose material, for example sand, gravel and generally non-consolidated materials
- this first layer 31 resting on a second layer 32 made up of rocks, limestone or hardened concrete, and generally monolithic or consolidated materials, or in the case of a soil shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 , in which a third layer 33 , formed by silts, rests on this first layer
- the rod 2 has, at a predetermined distance from the ends, a drilling disc 8 , a first part 23 of the rod 2 extending between the first fastening end 21 and said drilling disc 8 , while a second part 24 of the rod 2 extends between the drilling disc 8 and the free drilling end 22 .
- the first part 23 of the rod 2 is, as shown in the figures, suitable for drilling into at least the first soil layer 31
- the second part 24 of the rod 2 is suitable for being anchored, by drilling of the end of the rod 2 , into the second soil layer 32 .
- a positioning plate 5 is mounted on the hollow rod 2 and is intended to bear on the surface of the soil, while the drilling disc 8 is arranged on the rod 2 at a predetermined length from this positioning plate 5 so the drilling disc 8 rests on the upper part of the second layer of harder soil 32 .
- An analysis of the soils before drilling makes it possible to determine the dimension of the first soil layer 31 , and therefore to determine the distance from the positioning plate 5 at which the drilling disc 8 must be arranged on the rod 2 .
- the first part 23 of the rod 2 has at least one helical disc 6 whereof the function is to penetrate the first loose soil layer 31 by screwing.
- several helical discs 6 may be provided.
- the number of helical discs to be provided on the rod 2 depends on the density of the soil in which the rod must be anchored. Increasing the number of helical discs makes it possible to increase the anchoring force of the device. Therefore, the lower the soil density, the higher the number of discs must be.
- the diameter of the chosen discs is determined to prevent excessive force collection torques.
- the distance between two helical discs 6 depends on the diameter of the discs. This distance between two discs is between two and five times the diameter of the disc, and advantageously between three and four times this diameter.
- the helical discs 6 extend over the first part 23 of the rod 2 , between the drilling disc 8 and the positioning plate 5 .
- the diameter of the drilling disc 8 made to penetrate the soil before the helical discs 6 , must be equal to or smaller than the diameters of the helical discs 6 .
- All of the figures show helical discs 6 with diameters equivalent to each other, and it will be understood that in accordance with what has been described above, the diameters of each helical disc 6 may vary, once a decrease in the diameter of the helical discs 6 is respected, from the closest helical disc 6 of the positioning plate 5 towards the closest helical disc 6 of the drilling disc 8 .
- These helical discs 6 can advantageously have an entering leading bevel part, and reinforced by a filler metal. Like the hollow rod 2 , these helical 6 and drilling 8 discs can be made from high strength steel. The helical 6 and drilling 8 discs are welded on the rod 2 .
- the rod 2 extends in a second part 24 , after the drilling disc 8 opposite the positioning plate 5 .
- a bit 4 is arranged at the free end 22 of this rod 2 .
- This self-drilling bit 4 is welded or screwed on the end of the rod 2 , and has the necessary rigidity characteristics to be able to drill into a second soil layer 32 , made up of consolidated or monolithic material.
- the second part 24 of the rod 2 will thus participate in fastening the structure by anchoring in the soil, following the drilling done by the bit 4 .
- the length of the second part 24 of the rod 2 is then chosen to perform this anchoring over a sufficient length to stabilize the anchoring device.
- a connecting sleeve can be used to increase the total length of the rod and therefore the drilling depth in the soil.
- Such a device allows resistant structure anchoring, the first part 23 of the rod 2 being intended to be screwed into at least one first loose soil layer 31 , which extends over a second layer 32 of a monolithic and consolidated soil, harder than the first soil layer 31 , and in which the second part 24 of the rod 2 is suitable for anchoring.
- the drilling end of the rod provided with the bit, initially digs out the first loose soil layer, and forms a drilling hole that facilitates the screwing action of the drilling, then helical discs in this first layer.
- the bit 4 arranged at the free end of the rod 2 has a diameter larger than the diameter of the second part 24 of this rod 2 .
- the drilling of the soil by the bit 4 then creates a cavity 12 in which the second part 24 of the rod 2 extends after the bit 4 .
- cement or synthetic resin is injected into this cavity 12 to keep the rod 2 in position relative to at least the second soil layer 32 .
- at least part of the rod 2 and the bit 4 are pierced with holes, not shown, for the injection.
- This cement or resin can be injected over a more or less large part of the rod 2 of the anchoring device.
- only the second part 24 of the rod 2 and the bit 4 are pierced with injection holes.
- the assembly of the rod 2 and the bit 4 are pierced with injection holes, so that the cement or resin spreads around the entire rod 2 , in the cavity 12 formed by the bit 4 for the second part 24 of the rod 2 , and into an additional cavity 11 formed by the drilling disc 8 and the helical discs 6 for the first part 23 of the rod 2 .
- the choice of using an anchoring device according to either of the embodiments mentioned above is in particular made by the thicknesses of the different layers of each soil. If the first soil layer 31 and the third soil layer 33 require that the first part 23 of the rod 2 be large, it may be deemed preferable for the stability of the anchoring to inject cement over the entire rod 2 .
- the composition of the third soil layer 33 made up of silts, makes it impossible to inject cement or resin around the first part 23 of the rod 2 , which extends in this third layer.
- the additional cavity 11 formed by the passage of the drilling disc 8 in the third soil layer 33 is immediately plugged back up after the passage of the drilling disc 8 .
- This can also be the case in the first soil layer 31 , in particular if this layer is made up of sand.
- a cylindrical casing 20 is formed around the first part 23 of the rod 2 .
- the casing 20 extends between the positioning plate 5 and the helical disc 6 closest to said plate, and rests against the plate 5 and said disc. Therefore, after the passage of the discs, the loose material making up the third soil layer 33 cannot plug up the additional cavity 11 formed by the discs 6 and 8 , and cement can be injected between the rod 2 and the cylindrical casing 20 .
- the casing 20 can be provided between two helical discs 6 to allow cement to be injected around the rod in the first soil thickness 31 .
- the cylindrical casing 20 is formed around the first part 23 of the rod 2 , between the positioning plate 5 and the drilling disc 8 .
- a cylindrical casing 40 is formed around the first part 23 of the rod 2 between the positioning plate 5 and the drilling disc 8 and this casing 40 has a variable diameter.
- variable diameter of the cylindrical casing 40 varies between a large diameter and a small diameter that is larger than the diameter of the second part 24 of the rod 2 .
- the cylindrical casing 40 has a first section 41 extending from the positioning plate 5 and having a first diameter d 1 followed by a second section 42 extending up to the drilling disc 8 and having a second diameter d 2 smaller than the first diameter d 1 and larger than the diameter d 3 of the second part 24 of the rod 2 .
- At least part of the rod 2 and the bit 4 are pierced with holes for injecting cement or a synthetic resin.
- only the part of the rod 2 situated between the drilling disc 8 and the bit 4 is pierced with holes for injecting cement or resin or only the part of the rod 2 situated between the last helical disc 6 and the drilling disc 8 is pierced with holes for injecting cement or a synthetic resin.
- the holes for injecting cement or synthetic resin are pierced over the entire length of the second part 24 of the rod 2 and on the bit 4 .
- holes are also pierced on the first part 23 of the rod 2 for filling chambers inside the casing 40 with cement or synthetic resin. This filling increases the strength of the casing and also makes it possible to eliminate any internal corrosion.
- the sections 41 and 42 of the cylindrical casing 40 are welded to each other and they support helical force discs 6 .
- the threaded or smooth hollow rod 23 forms the main strength column and allows all types of catching in the upper part as well as the connections with a device for injecting cement or synthetic resin.
- the hollow rod 2 forming the anchoring device has a constant diameter over the entire length of the anchoring device.
- a rod 2 with a constant diameter allows simplified industrialization of the anchoring device, but could be replaced in one alternative with a variable diameter rod.
- the diameter of the parts of the rod 2 not covered with a cylindrical casing 20 could be larger than the diameter of the rod surrounded by said casing 20 .
- These diameter variations of the rod must, however, make it possible to produce the aforementioned characteristics, i.e. in particular the bit 4 must have a diameter larger than the diameter of the second part 24 of the rod 2 .
- the figures show a threaded hollow rod 2 .
- this rod can be threaded or smooth, and for example can have a mixed profile.
- the rod 2 can be threaded on the second part 24 extending between the drilling disc 8 and the bit 4 , and this rod 2 can be smooth in the part 23 surrounded by the cylindrical casing 20 .
- Such an anchoring device makes it possible to fasten a structure or building in soils having layers with different compositions.
- the anchoring device is placed by screwing using a roto-striker, supported by a drilling arm or by a submerged installation depending on the considered land or water application.
- the device can then extend in these different successive layers strictly vertically as shown, or with a different orientation without going beyond the scope of the invention, once the bit and the second part of the rod are anchored in a second monolithic or consolidated soil layer, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 3 , or loose as illustrated in FIG. 4 , and once this second layer is covered with at least a first loose soil layer, and the first part of the rod and the associated discs are screwed into at least the first loose soil layer.
- Such a mixed anchoring device combining the drilling and screwing anchoring features, via a single rod, makes it possible, using a single device, to take all of the anchoring forces into account, i.e. the extraction and bending forces on one hand, and compression and buckling forces on the other.
- the mixed anchoring device according to the invention is capable of withstanding various stresses, and primarily bending forces by strengthening the larger diameter of the rod 2 .
- the bending forces are generated by variable forces with an orientation between 0 and 90°.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
It is provided that an anchoring device, in which a positioning plate, intended for bearing on the surface of the soil, is mounted on a hollow rod, the rod supporting in series, from the positioning plate towards the free end, at least one helical disc followed by a drilling disc, wherein the rod extends beyond the drilling disc opposite the plate, and a bit is arranged on the free end of said rod, such that a first portion of the rod, suitable for being screwed into at least one first soil layer, extends from the plate to the drilling disc, and such that a second portion of the rod, suitable for anchoring in a second soil layer, extends from the drilling disc to the bit.
Description
- The present invention relates to a device for anchoring in multilayer soil, of the type having a hollow rod whereof a first end receives a fastening means and whereof the opposite free end is intended to drill into the soil.
- Two types of anchoring devices are known, each adapted to anchoring in specific soils. The anchoring, whether on land or water, of buildings or structures can in fact be performed on loose soils or harder soils. Screw anchoring devices, having one or more attached helical discs welded on a rod, are therefore provided for loose soils. These screw anchors can thereby stabilize the structure to be anchored, once the first loose soil layer is thick enough.
- Aside from this first problem related to the environment in which this type of device must be used, another drawback is that this type of screw anchoring device cannot be used in layers of hard soils. Self-drilling anchoring devices are provided in the case of these hard soils, in which devices the rod is provided at its end with a bit able to dig into the soil and whereof the dimension larger than the diameter of the rod makes it possible to create a cavity in which cement is injected to secure the anchoring with the ground. Such a self-drilling device does, however, have the drawback of not adapting to softer soils.
- However, the anchoring structure can be made in a soil with varying hardness, formed from the surface by a first layer of loose soil, then a second monolithic layer. The use of one or the other of the devices mentioned above does not allow satisfactory anchoring of the structure. The first layer of loose soil has too small a thickness to stabilize a screw anchoring device, and the use of self-drilling anchoring is made impossible by the depth to which the second layer extends, the distance to the surface risking destabilizing the self-drilling anchoring.
- The present invention aims to propose an anchoring device that allows solid anchoring in soils with variable thicknesses and/or different hardnesses, as mentioned above.
- To that end, the invention proposes a device for anchoring in multilayer soil, of the type having a hollow rod whereof a first end receives a fastening means and whereof the free opposite end is intended to drill into the ground, in which a positioning plate is mounted on the hollow rod and is intended to bear on the surface of the soil, the rod successively supporting, from the positioning plate towards the free end, at least one helical disc then a drilling disc, characterized in that the rod extends beyond the drilling disc opposite the positioning plate, and in that a bit is arranged on the free end of said rod, such that a first portion of the rod, suitable for being screwed into at least one first soil layer, extends from the positioning plate to the drilling disc, and such that a second portion of the rod, suitable for anchoring in a second soil layer, extends from the drilling disc to the bit.
- Such a device allows resistant structure anchoring, the first part of the rod being intended to be screwed into a first soil layer, for example loose, which extends over a second layer of soil, for example monolithic and consolidated of the rocky type, harder than the first soil layer, and in which the second part of the rod is suitable for being anchored.
- According to different features of the present invention:
-
- the bit has a diameter larger than the diameter of the rod;
- the at least one helical disc and the drilling disc are welded on the rod;
- a cylindrical casing is formed around the first part of the rod, between the positioning plate and the helical disc closest to the plate;
- a cylindrical casing is formed around the first part of the rod, between the positioning plate and the drilling disc,
- the cylindrical casing has a variable diameter whereof the smallest diameter is larger than the diameter of the second part of the rod,
- the cylindrical casing has a first section extending from the positioning plate and having a first diameter followed by a second section extending to the drilling disc and having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter and larger than the diameter of the second part of the rod,
- the hollow rod is threaded over at least the second part extending between the drilling disc and the bit, and in that this hollow rod is smooth in the first part surrounded by the cylindrical casing;
- at least part of the rod and the bit are pierced with holes for injecting a cement or a synthetic resin for anchoring in compact rocky-type soils;
- the holes for injecting cement are pierced only on the second part of the rod and on the bit, and
- the holes for injecting cement or resin are pierced over the first part and the second part of the rod and on the bit.
- The invention will now be described in more detail but non-limitingly in light of the appended figures and in which:
-
FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a first embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 s a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a second embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a third embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 4 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, and -
FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of an anchoring device according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. - The anchoring device according to the invention, as illustrated in all of the figures, comprises a
hollow rod 2 whereof afirst end 21 receives a fastening means (not shown) of a structure or building to be anchored in the soil, the freeopposite end 22 of thehollow rod 2 to that end being intended to drill into the soil. This structure is made to be fastened relative to the ground, whether in a land or water application. - This anchoring device is particularly interesting in the case of an anchoring soil made up of several layers with distinct compositions, and in particular a soil as illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , in which afirst layer 31 is formed with a thickness of loose material, for example sand, gravel and generally non-consolidated materials, thisfirst layer 31 resting on asecond layer 32 made up of rocks, limestone or hardened concrete, and generally monolithic or consolidated materials, or in the case of a soil shown inFIGS. 3 and 4 , in which athird layer 33, formed by silts, rests on thisfirst layer 31. - To that end, the
rod 2 has, at a predetermined distance from the ends, adrilling disc 8, afirst part 23 of therod 2 extending between thefirst fastening end 21 and said drillingdisc 8, while asecond part 24 of therod 2 extends between thedrilling disc 8 and thefree drilling end 22. Thefirst part 23 of therod 2 is, as shown in the figures, suitable for drilling into at least thefirst soil layer 31, and thesecond part 24 of therod 2 is suitable for being anchored, by drilling of the end of therod 2, into thesecond soil layer 32. - A
positioning plate 5 is mounted on thehollow rod 2 and is intended to bear on the surface of the soil, while thedrilling disc 8 is arranged on therod 2 at a predetermined length from thispositioning plate 5 so thedrilling disc 8 rests on the upper part of the second layer ofharder soil 32. An analysis of the soils before drilling makes it possible to determine the dimension of thefirst soil layer 31, and therefore to determine the distance from thepositioning plate 5 at which thedrilling disc 8 must be arranged on therod 2. - The
first part 23 of therod 2 has at least onehelical disc 6 whereof the function is to penetrate the firstloose soil layer 31 by screwing. Depending on the thickness of the loose soil layer, severalhelical discs 6 may be provided. The number of helical discs to be provided on therod 2 depends on the density of the soil in which the rod must be anchored. Increasing the number of helical discs makes it possible to increase the anchoring force of the device. Therefore, the lower the soil density, the higher the number of discs must be. The diameter of the chosen discs is determined to prevent excessive force collection torques. The distance between twohelical discs 6 depends on the diameter of the discs. This distance between two discs is between two and five times the diameter of the disc, and advantageously between three and four times this diameter. - The
helical discs 6 extend over thefirst part 23 of therod 2, between thedrilling disc 8 and thepositioning plate 5. For thehelical discs 6 to be engaged with thefirst soil layer 31, the diameter of thedrilling disc 8, made to penetrate the soil before thehelical discs 6, must be equal to or smaller than the diameters of thehelical discs 6. All of the figures showhelical discs 6 with diameters equivalent to each other, and it will be understood that in accordance with what has been described above, the diameters of eachhelical disc 6 may vary, once a decrease in the diameter of thehelical discs 6 is respected, from the closesthelical disc 6 of thepositioning plate 5 towards the closesthelical disc 6 of thedrilling disc 8. Thesehelical discs 6 can advantageously have an entering leading bevel part, and reinforced by a filler metal. Like thehollow rod 2, these helical 6 and drilling 8 discs can be made from high strength steel. The helical 6 and drilling 8 discs are welded on therod 2. - According to one feature of the present invention, the
rod 2 extends in asecond part 24, after thedrilling disc 8 opposite thepositioning plate 5. Abit 4 is arranged at thefree end 22 of thisrod 2. This self-drilling bit 4 is welded or screwed on the end of therod 2, and has the necessary rigidity characteristics to be able to drill into asecond soil layer 32, made up of consolidated or monolithic material. Thesecond part 24 of therod 2 will thus participate in fastening the structure by anchoring in the soil, following the drilling done by thebit 4. The length of thesecond part 24 of therod 2 is then chosen to perform this anchoring over a sufficient length to stabilize the anchoring device. According to one embodiment that is not shown, a connecting sleeve can be used to increase the total length of the rod and therefore the drilling depth in the soil. - Such a device allows resistant structure anchoring, the
first part 23 of therod 2 being intended to be screwed into at least one firstloose soil layer 31, which extends over asecond layer 32 of a monolithic and consolidated soil, harder than thefirst soil layer 31, and in which thesecond part 24 of therod 2 is suitable for anchoring. The drilling end of the rod, provided with the bit, initially digs out the first loose soil layer, and forms a drilling hole that facilitates the screwing action of the drilling, then helical discs in this first layer. - The
bit 4 arranged at the free end of therod 2 has a diameter larger than the diameter of thesecond part 24 of thisrod 2. The drilling of the soil by thebit 4 then creates acavity 12 in which thesecond part 24 of therod 2 extends after thebit 4. In order to anchor therod 2 in the soil, cement or synthetic resin is injected into thiscavity 12 to keep therod 2 in position relative to at least thesecond soil layer 32. To that end, at least part of therod 2 and thebit 4 are pierced with holes, not shown, for the injection. - This cement or resin can be injected over a more or less large part of the
rod 2 of the anchoring device. In a first embodiment shown inFIG. 1 , only thesecond part 24 of therod 2 and thebit 4 are pierced with injection holes. - In a second embodiment shown in
FIG. 2 , the assembly of therod 2 and thebit 4 are pierced with injection holes, so that the cement or resin spreads around theentire rod 2, in thecavity 12 formed by thebit 4 for thesecond part 24 of therod 2, and into anadditional cavity 11 formed by thedrilling disc 8 and thehelical discs 6 for thefirst part 23 of therod 2. - The choice of using an anchoring device according to either of the embodiments mentioned above is in particular made by the thicknesses of the different layers of each soil. If the
first soil layer 31 and thethird soil layer 33 require that thefirst part 23 of therod 2 be large, it may be deemed preferable for the stability of the anchoring to inject cement over theentire rod 2. - However, the composition of the
third soil layer 33, made up of silts, makes it impossible to inject cement or resin around thefirst part 23 of therod 2, which extends in this third layer. Theadditional cavity 11 formed by the passage of thedrilling disc 8 in thethird soil layer 33 is immediately plugged back up after the passage of thedrilling disc 8. This can also be the case in thefirst soil layer 31, in particular if this layer is made up of sand. - In order to form a space in which the injected resin or cement can be inserted, as illustrated by
FIGS. 3 and 4 , acylindrical casing 20 is formed around thefirst part 23 of therod 2. Thecasing 20 extends between thepositioning plate 5 and thehelical disc 6 closest to said plate, and rests against theplate 5 and said disc. Therefore, after the passage of the discs, the loose material making up thethird soil layer 33 cannot plug up theadditional cavity 11 formed by thediscs rod 2 and thecylindrical casing 20. It should be noted that, in one embodiment that is not shown, thecasing 20 can be provided between twohelical discs 6 to allow cement to be injected around the rod in thefirst soil thickness 31. - According to one alternative, the
cylindrical casing 20 is formed around thefirst part 23 of therod 2, between thepositioning plate 5 and thedrilling disc 8. - In a fifth embodiment shown in
FIG. 5 , acylindrical casing 40 is formed around thefirst part 23 of therod 2 between thepositioning plate 5 and thedrilling disc 8 and thiscasing 40 has a variable diameter. - In general, the variable diameter of the
cylindrical casing 40 varies between a large diameter and a small diameter that is larger than the diameter of thesecond part 24 of therod 2. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , thecylindrical casing 40 has afirst section 41 extending from thepositioning plate 5 and having a first diameter d1 followed by asecond section 42 extending up to thedrilling disc 8 and having a second diameter d2 smaller than the first diameter d1 and larger than the diameter d3 of thesecond part 24 of therod 2. - In this embodiment as well, at least part of the
rod 2 and thebit 4 are pierced with holes for injecting cement or a synthetic resin. - Therefore, according to different embodiments, only the part of the
rod 2 situated between thedrilling disc 8 and thebit 4 is pierced with holes for injecting cement or resin or only the part of therod 2 situated between the lasthelical disc 6 and thedrilling disc 8 is pierced with holes for injecting cement or a synthetic resin. - According to still another embodiment, the holes for injecting cement or synthetic resin are pierced over the entire length of the
second part 24 of therod 2 and on thebit 4. - As shown in
FIG. 5 , holes are also pierced on thefirst part 23 of therod 2 for filling chambers inside thecasing 40 with cement or synthetic resin. This filling increases the strength of the casing and also makes it possible to eliminate any internal corrosion. - The
sections cylindrical casing 40 are welded to each other and they supporthelical force discs 6. The threaded or smoothhollow rod 23 forms the main strength column and allows all types of catching in the upper part as well as the connections with a device for injecting cement or synthetic resin. - As shown in the figures, the
hollow rod 2 forming the anchoring device has a constant diameter over the entire length of the anchoring device. It will be understood that arod 2 with a constant diameter allows simplified industrialization of the anchoring device, but could be replaced in one alternative with a variable diameter rod. As one non-limiting example, the diameter of the parts of therod 2 not covered with acylindrical casing 20 could be larger than the diameter of the rod surrounded by saidcasing 20. These diameter variations of the rod must, however, make it possible to produce the aforementioned characteristics, i.e. in particular thebit 4 must have a diameter larger than the diameter of thesecond part 24 of therod 2. - Likewise, the figures show a threaded
hollow rod 2. It will be understood that this rod can be threaded or smooth, and for example can have a mixed profile. As an example, therod 2 can be threaded on thesecond part 24 extending between thedrilling disc 8 and thebit 4, and thisrod 2 can be smooth in thepart 23 surrounded by thecylindrical casing 20. - Such an anchoring device makes it possible to fasten a structure or building in soils having layers with different compositions. The anchoring device is placed by screwing using a roto-striker, supported by a drilling arm or by a submerged installation depending on the considered land or water application. The device can then extend in these different successive layers strictly vertically as shown, or with a different orientation without going beyond the scope of the invention, once the bit and the second part of the rod are anchored in a second monolithic or consolidated soil layer, as illustrated in
FIGS. 1 to 3 , or loose as illustrated inFIG. 4 , and once this second layer is covered with at least a first loose soil layer, and the first part of the rod and the associated discs are screwed into at least the first loose soil layer. - Such a mixed anchoring device, combining the drilling and screwing anchoring features, via a single rod, makes it possible, using a single device, to take all of the anchoring forces into account, i.e. the extraction and bending forces on one hand, and compression and buckling forces on the other.
- The mixed anchoring device according to the invention is capable of withstanding various stresses, and primarily bending forces by strengthening the larger diameter of the
rod 2. The bending forces are generated by variable forces with an orientation between 0 and 90°.
Claims (11)
1. A device for anchoring in multilayer soil comprising:
a hollow rod comprising:
a first end which receives a fastener, and
a free opposite end which is configured to drill into a ground,
a positioning plate which is mounted on the hollow rod and is configured to bear on a surface of the soil,
wherein the rod successively supports, from the positioning plate towards the free end, at least one helical disc then a drilling disc, and
wherein the rod extends beyond the drilling disc opposite the positioning plate, and a bit is arranged on the free end of said rod, such that a first portion of the rod, suitable for being screwed into at least one first soil layer, extends from the positioning plate to the drilling disc, and such that a second portion of the rod, suitable for anchoring in a second soil layer, extends from the drilling disc to the bit.
2. The anchoring device according to claim 1 , wherein the bit has a diameter larger than a diameter of the second portion of the rod.
3. The anchoring device according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one helical disc and the drilling disc are welded on the rod.
4. The anchoring device according to claim 1 , wherein a cylindrical casing is formed around the first portion of the rod, between the positioning plate and the helical disc closest to the plate.
5. The anchoring device according to claim 1 , wherein a cylindrical casing is formed around the first portion of the rod, between the positioning plate and the drilling disc.
6. The anchoring device according to claim 5 , wherein the cylindrical casing has a variable diameter whereof the smallest diameter is larger than a diameter of the second portion of the rod.
7. The anchoring device according to claim 6 , wherein the cylindrical casing has a first section extending from the positioning plate and having a first diameter followed by a second section extending to the drilling disc and having a second diameter smaller than the first diameter and larger than the diameter of the second portion of the rod.
8. The anchoring device according to claim 5 , wherein the hollow rod is threaded over at least the second portion extending between the drilling disc and the bit, and in that this hollow rod is smooth in the first portion surrounded by the cylindrical casing.
9. The anchoring device according to claim 1 , wherein at least part of the rod and the bit are pierced with holes for injecting a cement or a synthetic resin for anchoring in compact rocky-type soils.
10. The anchoring device according to claim 9 , wherein the holes for injecting cement are pierced only on the second portion of the rod and on the bit.
11. The anchoring device according to claim 9 , wherein the holes for injecting cement or resin are pierced over the first portion and the second portion of the rod and on the bit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0950051A FR2940807B1 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2009-01-06 | DEVICE FOR ANCHORING IN A SOIL |
FR0950051 | 2009-01-06 | ||
PCT/FR2009/052578 WO2010079277A1 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2009-12-16 | Device for anchoring in multilayer soil |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2009/052578 A-371-Of-International WO2010079277A1 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2009-12-16 | Device for anchoring in multilayer soil |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/605,139 Division US9097112B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2015-01-26 | Method for anchoring a device in multilayer soil |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20120009022A1 true US20120009022A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
Family
ID=40585627
Family Applications (3)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/143,529 Abandoned US20120009022A1 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2009-12-16 | Device for anchoring in multilayer soil |
US13/516,711 Active 2032-10-27 US9869177B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2010-09-28 | Device for anchoring in multilayer soil |
US14/605,139 Expired - Fee Related US9097112B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2015-01-26 | Method for anchoring a device in multilayer soil |
Family Applications After (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US13/516,711 Active 2032-10-27 US9869177B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2010-09-28 | Device for anchoring in multilayer soil |
US14/605,139 Expired - Fee Related US9097112B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 | 2015-01-26 | Method for anchoring a device in multilayer soil |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20120009022A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2379811B1 (en) |
CY (1) | CY1117099T1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK2379811T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2554171T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2940807B1 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20151271T2 (en) |
HU (1) | HUE026606T2 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2379811T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2379811E (en) |
SI (1) | SI2379811T1 (en) |
SM (1) | SMT201600067B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010079277A1 (en) |
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FR2968684B1 (en) * | 2010-12-14 | 2013-01-11 | Ancrest S A | DEVICE FOR ANCHORING IN A MULTILAYER SOIL. |
DE102011087178A1 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-05-29 | Hilti Aktiengesellschaft | Anchors, in particular rock anchors |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9869177B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
WO2010079277A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
SMT201600067B (en) | 2016-04-29 |
PL2379811T3 (en) | 2016-04-29 |
US20150132068A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
DK2379811T3 (en) | 2016-01-11 |
HRP20151271T2 (en) | 2016-01-15 |
FR2940807B1 (en) | 2011-02-04 |
ES2554171T3 (en) | 2015-12-16 |
CY1117099T1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
US20150128509A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
SI2379811T1 (en) | 2016-02-29 |
HRP20151271T1 (en) | 2016-01-01 |
EP2379811B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
HUE026606T2 (en) | 2016-06-28 |
US9097112B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 |
FR2940807A1 (en) | 2010-07-09 |
EP2379811A1 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
PT2379811E (en) | 2016-02-05 |
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