US20110315060A1 - Ice breaking system for floating body - Google Patents

Ice breaking system for floating body Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110315060A1
US20110315060A1 US13/254,229 US200913254229A US2011315060A1 US 20110315060 A1 US20110315060 A1 US 20110315060A1 US 200913254229 A US200913254229 A US 200913254229A US 2011315060 A1 US2011315060 A1 US 2011315060A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
trimming
ship
floating body
ice
tanks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/254,229
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English (en)
Inventor
Berend Pruin
Claudiu Nichita
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WARTSILA SHIP DESIGN GERMANY GmbH
Original Assignee
Wartsila Ship Design Germany GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Ship Design Germany GmbH filed Critical Wartsila Ship Design Germany GmbH
Assigned to WARTSILA SHIP DESIGN GERMANY GMBH reassignment WARTSILA SHIP DESIGN GERMANY GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PRUIN, BEREND, NICHITA, CLAUDIU
Publication of US20110315060A1 publication Critical patent/US20110315060A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
    • B63B35/10—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor having forced pitching or rolling equipment

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ice breaking system for floating bodies according to the introductory clause of claim 1 and to a method for position stabilisation using a corresponding system according to claim 12 .
  • JP 59 179493 A discloses a system and a method wherein ballast tanks, particularly in the keel region of the ship bottom, are used in order to pump over ballast water from starboard to port and inversely so as to thereby achieve a heeling movement of the ship. Due to this weight displacement the ice can then be broken, supported by the lateral bulb formations in the bow region.
  • Another system according to U.S. Pat. No. 3,850,125 shows, with a drillship operating in ice, a spur-like bow and to the front and to the rear a respective chamber in the bottom region of the ship, which chamber can be flooded or blown out. In this way it is possible to raise and lower the bow with an ice breaking effect.
  • a floating body with a drill tower is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,872,814.
  • the drill tower is hereby located on a floating semi-submersible rig with two lateral tubular floating bodies. These floating bodies are equipped to the rear and to the front with flooding areas. It is hereby possible to bring about, by flooding the front chamber, a sinking and at the same time an ice breaking effect against an ice sheet or drift ice. This is further favoured through periodic blowing out of the front chamber and flooding of the rear chamber. A heeling movement of the drilling rig can also be controlled with this semi-submersible rig.
  • construction of the required compressed air systems necessitating relatively high resources and the risk of icing up of the flood chambers are also present here.
  • JP 58 224887 A further embodiment with ice breaking effect is disclosed by JP 58 224887, in which a solid ballast weight can be drawn from the front to the rear in the keel region in order to hereby bring about a pitching of the ship with the bow against an ice sheet and thereby to exert an ice breaking function.
  • an ice breaker is equipped both with jet propulsions and with rotatable propulsion units so that lateral movements are also facilitated.
  • the known systems predominantly have the disadvantages that they are formed too inefficiently and that there is a high risk of icing up of the trimming tanks and that the blowing-out of the chambers and the weight displacement is carried out too slowly in most cases.
  • An essential core thought is thereby to provide in the bow or front region of the ship body a front trimming tank which is provided as far forward as possible and as high as possible at a distance from the keel line.
  • a second trimming tank is provided in the rear region according to the distance and height, whereby both trimming tanks are connected to each other in terms of flow by means of at least one trimming channel.
  • one trimming channel the latter extends centrally in the longitudinal direction of the keel line.
  • the design with two trimming channels which are placed in opposing side regions of the floating body or ship is particularly advantageous.
  • the trimming tanks can, however, also be arranged as desired corresponding functionally to the ship.
  • An anti-frost arrangement is hereby to be considered, particularly having regard to energy saving.
  • a trimming fluid in particular water with a high salt content or with additives which considerably reduce the freezing point of the trimming medium is used.
  • the tanks and trimming channels are outwardly protected where possible against icing by cofferdams. In order to protect against icing of the tanks and/or trimming channels heating of these installations can also be carried out as required.
  • the ship must therefore be able to position itself in such situations dynamically, possibly at an angle or even transversely to the drift direction of the ice or the ocean current, for example over the corresponding sea position.
  • the method it is provided for position stabilisation of such a ship body in ice or in case of ice, particularly using a corresponding ice breaking system according to claim 1 , that on the one hand the drift of the ice and/or the ocean current is/are determined. It is provided that in the presence of an ice drift the ship body is designed and manoeuvred so that in particular its front region points against the drift direction of the ice or the ocean current and the ice breaking system of the ship body is set in operation.
  • a ship equipped in this way can be held approximately diagonally or even transversely to the drift direction of the ice or the ocean current stationarily above the seabed.
  • the ice breaking systems can hereby also support the stationary positioning of the ship body in case of ice through the production of heeling movements and/or pitching movements.
  • the position of the floating body itself is therefore determined for example by means of GPS or other positioning means and on the basis of the drift speed and drift direction of the ice ascertained the ship is orientated with its ice breaking function so that on the bow and/or stern side the re-trimming of the trimming medium into the front and rear tank produces the pitching, ice breaking function.
  • the orientation of the ship with the necessary relative speed contrary to the drift speed can be produced through bow and/or stern jet propulsions possibly in combination with electromechanical or diesel mechanical propulsion units so that the ship is held stationary over a drill hole.
  • the propulsion units can be arranged in a pod-like manner on the ship bottom or be integrated into the hull of the ship body.
  • the ice breaking function of the ship and the re-trimming of the corresponding medium in and to the trimming tanks are usefully carried out with a frequency which is adapted to the drift speed of the ice and thereby achieves an efficient ice breaking effect.
  • lateral trimming tanks are also provided in the region of the side walls, in particular above the water line, so that heeling movements can be produced through re-trimming thereof.
  • the lateral trimming tanks are usefully arranged in pairs and opposite the ship's centre line. Having regard to an improvement of the rolling and pitching movements of the ship a plurality of lateral trimming tanks are preferably provided in pairs, whereby they are then arranged distributed in the longitudinal direction of the ship.
  • the ice breaking function in the sense of trimming—ice breaking can be further improved in that the pitching or rolling movements of the ship through the re-trimming into the tanks from front to rear and inversely can be produced in combination with the re-trimming processes in the lateral trimming tanks and a resulting heeling movement.
  • the corresponding fluid conveying means can provide for example conveying rates which allow in joint operation the pumping over of 500 to 1000 t trimming medium from the rear to the front in 10 to 30 s.
  • the kinetic energy of the oscillating water mass during re-trimming is also used as a supplement to the high conveying rate of the conveying means.
  • the rear vibrating water mass is also used to pump over the trimming medium in order to be able to re-trim the trimming medium even more quickly for example from the front trimming tank into the rear trimming tank.
  • the trimming channels are preferably brought as far as the corresponding conveying means with full volume in the pipes so that immediately the whole flow volume is available with a re-trimming process.
  • This system can be supplemented by corresponding retention or non-return means which can in particular be operated and switched bi-directionally.
  • the fluid conveying means can also be designed to work hydraulically or pneumatically.
  • the front and rear trimming tank In order to achieve a best possible pitching effect of the ship to break the ice it is preferable to arrange the front and rear trimming tank with a height distance which is as great as possible from the keel line or bottom line of the floating body.
  • the front and rear trimming tank are thus offset extremely far to the front and rear and provided as far as possible at the height of the main deck.
  • the tanks and the trimming channels are preferably secured outwardly behind cofferdams.
  • This individual trimming tank can be flooded with existing drawn in seawater and be blown out for emptying.
  • the individual trimming tank can, however, also be connected with lateral intermediate tanks to form a closed system so that the trimming medium can be pumped over, but remaining moreover in the trimming system.
  • the number and arrangement of the trimming tanks, in particular for producing the pitching of the ship, is arranged and designed in the overall function with the trimming channels in such a way that the largest possible trim moments can be produced in the ship in relatively short time intervals.
  • the manoeuvrability of the ship is further improved in that additionally to the main drives further direct or indirect drive means, in particular bow and stern jet propulsions, are present, possibly in combination with for example electromechanical propulsion units, whereby the latter mostly comprise rotation regions of 0 to 360° in pod-like suspensions.
  • this drive combination allows a corresponding floating body or a ship to also be held, in case of drift and ocean current, stationarily over a drill hole or a defined position on the seabed, in particular through computer control.
  • the trimming system described within the scope of this invention is advantageously designed to be computer controlled and can be used not only in ice-covered water but also with an open water area.
  • the trimming processes usually take place fully automatically whereby a semi-automatic function is also conceivable.
  • the computer controlled trimming allows a plurality of trimming processes and adjustments. Both rolling and pitching movements as well as heeling movements of the floating body can thus be controlled. It is also possible to realise the periodic frequency in dependence upon predefined angles to be achieved during pitching processes or heeling processes or also a combination thereof.
  • fluid conveying means are required which facilitate a flow speed in the trimming channels with up to approx. 8 m/s.
  • Pneumatic drives for example blower fan units
  • Centrifugal pumps are already more advantageous in contrast therewith but wherein the control should be even quicker in the opposite direction of effect.
  • the system for position stabilisation is therefore to be adapted on the one hand in relation to the synchronisation with the drift speed of the ice and on the other hand in relation to the pitching and rolling frequency of the ship having regard to the ice breaking function.
  • the ship hull is also to be designed to be projecting far out in particular at the bow and stern end.
  • maximum trimming and heeling angles can also be predefined which should be considered in the re-trimming process for the rolling and heeling of the ship.
  • the trimming channels In order to improve the re-trimming process having regard to time the trimming channels should constantly be filled with trimming medium at least as far as the feed pumps and the opposing empty trimming tank should have no remaining fluid. During the pumping-over process it is to be ensured in particular that no air reaches inside the pumps in order to avoid damage through cavitation.
  • a re-trimming process can be started in this way with full volume available without delay and with corresponding diameter dimensioning of the trimming channels can also be concluded with a re-trimming volume of 500 to 1000 t between 10 and 20 s.
  • FIG. 1 a sectional illustration with a top view from above of a ship equipped with an ice breaking system approximately at the height of the main deck, wherein a front, a rear and two lateral trimming tanks with the connecting trimming channels are shown with hatching;
  • FIG. 2 a vertical section through the ship according to FIG. 1 along the starboard side trimming channel with sectional illustration in the front and rear trimming tank;
  • FIG. 3 a vertical section approximately at the height of the intersection line 3 - 3 according to FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 a vertical cross-section approximately at the height of the intersection line 4 - 4 according to FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 5 a schematic illustration of a bow region of a ship with ice breaking function and pitching movement of the ship with ice breaking function shown through three line patterns.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal section of a ship 1 approximately at the height of the main deck with the essential component groups of the trimming system.
  • a front trimming tank 10 and in the stern region 3 a rear trimming tank 16 are shown with hatching.
  • the trimming tanks 10 , 16 are arranged as far as possible in a most frontal position or respectively in an extremely rear position of the ship.
  • the trimming tanks 10 , 16 are arranged with as large as possible distance from the keel line 4 or the ship bottom 7 . Due to this extreme arrangement above the normal water line the force moments acting on the ice sheet are considerably improved.
  • the trimming tanks 10 , 16 are connected in terms of flow with two trimming channels offset in the outer region of the ship.
  • the trimming channels 12 , 13 lie below the lower level of the trimming tanks 10 , 16 but in the normal case still above the water line.
  • Feed pumps 18 , 19 as high power pumps are connected in terms of effect with the trimming channels 12 , 13 and the trimming medium located therein.
  • lateral trimming tanks 21 and 22 are provided on both sides. These lateral trimming tanks 21 , 22 , are located very deep in the ship, as shown in FIG. 2 , particularly in the bottom region of the ship.
  • the bow 2 is formed as a flat bow. This also applies to the stern 3 which has a very flat region.
  • the bow region can also be designed in the manner of a spoon bow.
  • the flat contour to the front and to the rear can also be realised with a sufficiently projecting stem and stern post in order to be able to exert a good ice breaking function.
  • a drive screw 31 is shown schematically with shaft bearing 32 and drive unit 33 .
  • FIG. 3 which shows a section according to 3 - 3 according to FIG. 1 , the trimming channels 12 , 13 are provided very far below in the bottom region of the ship.
  • the shaft bearings 32 and 35 are shown projecting downwardly.
  • the lateral side walls of the ship 1 are formed as projecting side walls 24 , 25 so that in case of heeling movements an improvement in the ice breaking function is present.
  • the trimming channels 12 , 13 can also comprise a circular diameter having regard to the feed pumps 18 , 19 , whereby this diameter can amount for example to between 1 m and 4 m.
  • the schematic illustration according to FIG. 5 shows a bow region 2 of the ship 1 and the ice sheet 41 drifting against the bow incline 38 . Due to the pitching movement of the ship through the re-trimming effect into the front and rear trimming tank the ice breaking effect is achieved through the upward and downward movement of the bow 2 so that the ice sheet 41 is broken up into smaller ice sheet portions 42 .
  • the ice breaking system and the corresponding method thus allow floating bodies or ships to also be held stationary in the ice of the arctic sea up to certain ice thicknesses over a point on the seabed, for example for drilling purposes.
US13/254,229 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Ice breaking system for floating body Abandoned US20110315060A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2009/001709 WO2010102642A1 (de) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Eisbrechendes system für schwimmkörper

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110315060A1 true US20110315060A1 (en) 2011-12-29

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US13/254,229 Abandoned US20110315060A1 (en) 2009-03-10 2009-03-10 Ice breaking system for floating body

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20110315060A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP2406126B1 (ru)
JP (1) JP5349621B2 (ru)
KR (1) KR20110137774A (ru)
CN (1) CN102333693A (ru)
AU (1) AU2009342041B2 (ru)
CA (1) CA2751898C (ru)
RU (1) RU2483967C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2010102642A1 (ru)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114789776A (zh) * 2022-05-19 2022-07-26 中国船舶科学研究中心 一种冰区航行船舶防止冰困自动控制方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103482033B (zh) * 2013-09-23 2016-05-11 浙江海洋学院 一种破冰船
RU2601997C1 (ru) * 2015-06-04 2016-11-10 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Крыловский государственный научный центр" (ФГУП "Крыловский государственный научный центр") Водоизмещающее судно с воздушной каверной на днище с дифферентно-креновой системой
CN106080988B (zh) * 2016-08-27 2018-08-03 南通中远海运川崎船舶工程有限公司 一种多体极地航行船
CN113602434B (zh) * 2021-10-11 2021-12-07 南通澳洋船务有限公司 一种带有破冰功能的船舶
CN114198269B (zh) * 2021-12-20 2023-09-15 中国石油大学(北京) 一种海上风机抗冰减震装置

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US1087057A (en) * 1913-02-14 1914-02-10 Shirley Hay Wood Ship-protector.
US2902964A (en) * 1953-03-13 1959-09-08 Waas Heinrich Ice breaking ship
US3665886A (en) * 1970-02-25 1972-05-30 William H German Ship construction
US3850125A (en) * 1971-09-24 1974-11-26 Global Marine Inc Icebreaking
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114789776A (zh) * 2022-05-19 2022-07-26 中国船舶科学研究中心 一种冰区航行船舶防止冰困自动控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2012519625A (ja) 2012-08-30
RU2483967C2 (ru) 2013-06-10
CA2751898C (en) 2016-04-26
CN102333693A (zh) 2012-01-25
CA2751898A1 (en) 2010-09-16
EP2406126A1 (de) 2012-01-18
KR20110137774A (ko) 2011-12-23
AU2009342041A1 (en) 2011-09-08
JP5349621B2 (ja) 2013-11-20
EP2406126B1 (de) 2014-10-29
AU2009342041B2 (en) 2013-08-15
RU2011136169A (ru) 2013-04-20
WO2010102642A1 (de) 2010-09-16

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Owner name: WARTSILA SHIP DESIGN GERMANY GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:PRUIN, BEREND;NICHITA, CLAUDIU;SIGNING DATES FROM 20111006 TO 20111007;REEL/FRAME:027053/0963

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION