US20110214831A1 - Cylinder head - Google Patents
Cylinder head Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110214831A1 US20110214831A1 US13/111,312 US201113111312A US2011214831A1 US 20110214831 A1 US20110214831 A1 US 20110214831A1 US 201113111312 A US201113111312 A US 201113111312A US 2011214831 A1 US2011214831 A1 US 2011214831A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder head
- tubes
- exhaust
- manifold
- flange
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4264—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads of exhaust channels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F2200/00—Manufacturing
- F02F2200/06—Casting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/4927—Cylinder, cylinder head or engine valve sleeve making
Definitions
- the tubes 20 are integrally formed with the cylinder head 10 .
- the tubes 20 may be cast into the exhaust side 15 of the cylinder head 10 .
- casting or otherwise integrally forming the tubes 20 with the cylinder head 10 eliminates the need for a manifold gasket.
- integrally forming the tubes 20 into the cylinder head 10 eliminates the need to weld each of the tubes 20 to the manifold flange and secure the manifold flange to the cylinder head 10 . Accordingly, integrally forming the tubes 20 with the cylinder head 10 provides a manufacturing cost savings over prior art cylinder heads and manifold assemblies.
- Each of the tubes 20 may be integrally formed with one of the exhaust ports 17 of the cylinder head 10 such that each combustion chamber of the engine corresponds to one of the tubes 20 .
- the tubes 20 provides less stress on the cylinder head 10 than the prior art tubes that are bonded to a flange and bolted to the cylinder head 10 .
- the performance of the engine is also improved over the prior art as the interior of the tubes 20 can remain smoother.
- the tubes 20 are welded to a manifold flange resulting in at least a portion of the weld pool blocking exhaust flow through the tubes 20 . Therefore, the tubes 20 of the present invention have a smoother interior and increased performance over prior art cylinder head and tube assemblies.
- the tubes 20 may be constructed of metal or a metal alloy, such as, cast iron, cast aluminum, a composite material, or the like.
- the interior of each tube 20 may be machined so as to provide a smoother interior surface to reduce energy loss due to wall friction and thereby increase efficiency and engine performance.
- each tube 20 may be substantially perpendicular to the exhaust side 15 of the cylinder head 10 ; however, it will be appreciated that each tube 20 may be at any suitable angle relative to the exhaust side 15 of the cylinder head 10 .
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an exhaust system including a cylinder head having a plurality of exhaust ports. Integrally formed with the cylinder head are a plurality of independent and separate tubes. The tubes are cast, molded or otherwise integrally formed with the exhaust ports of the cylinder head. The cylinder head and tubes eliminate the need for an exhaust flange, welding the tubes to the exhaust flange and securing the exhaust flange to the cylinder head. As a result, the present invention has less weight and improved performance over prior art cylinder head and exhaust assemblies.
Description
- This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/082,732 entitled “Cylinder Head,” filed on Apr. 14, 2008, and claims priority from U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/923,211 entitled “Cylinder Head,” filed on Apr. 13, 2007, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
- This invention relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a cylinder head with an improved exhaust manifold connection.
- In an internal combustion engine, the cylinder head is positioned on the top of the engine block. The cylinder head provides upper portions of each combustion chamber, where each upper portion corresponds to one cylinder of the engine block. The cylinder head may house intake valves, exhaust valves, camshafts, rocker arms and pushrods, and numerous other mechanisms as known in the art.
- An intake manifold and an exhaust manifold are typically coupled to the cylinder head. The intake manifold is located between the carburetor and cylinder head. In use, the intake manifold supplies an air-fuel mixture through internal intake ports in the cylinder head to each combustion chamber. In multi-port injected engines, the intake manifold holds fuel injectors that supply an air-fuel mixture to each combustion chamber.
- The exhaust manifold is typically coupled to the side of the cylinder head opposite the intake manifold (i.e. the “exhaust side”). The exhaust manifold collects exhaust gases exiting from each combustion chamber through internal exhaust ports in the cylinder head and transfers these exhaust gases to an exhaust pipe of an exhaust system. The exhaust manifold has a plurality of primary pipes in fluid communication with a common exhaust pipe. Each primary pipe is coupled to the cylinder head over the outlet of a corresponding exhaust port such that each primary pipe collects exhaust gases exiting a corresponding combustion chamber and transfers them to the exhaust pipe.
- The inlet end of each primary pipe is welded to a manifold inlet flange, which is subsequently bolted to the cylinder head. Since exhaust manifolds are generally constructed of cast iron, the inlet flange is relatively heavy and adds a substantial amount of weight to the engine. In addition, welding the primary pipes to the flange is difficult and complicated as it is necessary to provide a weld about the circumference of each pipe. Since there are usually a number of pipes, adjacent pipes interfere with each other during welding. Thus, welding about the entire circumference of each tube is difficult, expensive and time consuming.
- Furthermore, once the primary pipes are welded to the flange, a separate machining or smoothing of the flange is required in order to ensure that the cylinder head contacting surface of the flange is smooth and flat, thereby allowing for the secure formation of a sealing attachment of the flange to the cylinder head. The exhaust side of the cylinder head requires similar machining or smoothing in order to provide a corresponding smooth and flat contacting surface of the cylinder head. Since the machining of these materials is difficult and time consuming, the overall cost of producing the engine is higher. Moreover, even with the machining or smoothing of the surfaces, a manifold gasket is required to ensure a good seal between the cylinder head and exhaust manifold. Further, this manifold gasket adds additional weight to the engine, and, over time, the manifold gasket may fail requiring expensive replacement.
- Consequently, there exists a significant need for a cylinder head which will provide a reduction in overall engine manufacture time and cost as well as a reduction in engine weight.
- The accompanying drawing, which is incorporated in and constitutes a part of this specification, illustrates an embodiment of the invention, and, together with the detailed description of the embodiment given below, serves to explain the principles of the present invention, and in which:
-
FIG. 1 illustrates a perspective view of an embodiment of an exhaust side of a cylinder head in accordance with the present invention. - Referring now to
FIG. 1 , anexhaust side 15 of acylinder head 10 is shown. Thecylinder head 10 is positionable atop cylinders of the combustion chambers of an engine (not shown). Thecylinder head 10 is important to the performance of the engine as the shape of the combustion chamber, inlet passages and exhaust determine the efficiency of the engine. -
Tubes 20 extend from theexhaust side 15 of thecylinder head 10. Eachtube 20 provides fluid communication between anexhaust port 17 of thecylinder head 10 and a primary pipe of an exhaust manifold such that exhaust gases exiting thecylinder head 10 are transferred through thetubes 20 into the exhaust manifold (not shown). - In a preferred embodiment, the
tubes 20 are integrally formed with thecylinder head 10. For example, thetubes 20 may be cast into theexhaust side 15 of thecylinder head 10. Advantageously, casting or otherwise integrally forming thetubes 20 with thecylinder head 10 eliminates the need for a manifold gasket. In addition, integrally forming thetubes 20 into thecylinder head 10 eliminates the need to weld each of thetubes 20 to the manifold flange and secure the manifold flange to thecylinder head 10. Accordingly, integrally forming thetubes 20 with thecylinder head 10 provides a manufacturing cost savings over prior art cylinder heads and manifold assemblies. - Each of the
tubes 20 may be integrally formed with one of theexhaust ports 17 of thecylinder head 10 such that each combustion chamber of the engine corresponds to one of thetubes 20. As a result, thetubes 20 provides less stress on thecylinder head 10 than the prior art tubes that are bonded to a flange and bolted to thecylinder head 10. The performance of the engine is also improved over the prior art as the interior of thetubes 20 can remain smoother. For example, in the prior art, thetubes 20 are welded to a manifold flange resulting in at least a portion of the weld pool blocking exhaust flow through thetubes 20. Therefore, thetubes 20 of the present invention have a smoother interior and increased performance over prior art cylinder head and tube assemblies. - The
tubes 20 may be constructed of metal or a metal alloy, such as, cast iron, cast aluminum, a composite material, or the like. The interior of eachtube 20 may be machined so as to provide a smoother interior surface to reduce energy loss due to wall friction and thereby increase efficiency and engine performance. Also, as shown inFIG. 1 , eachtube 20 may be substantially perpendicular to theexhaust side 15 of thecylinder head 10; however, it will be appreciated that eachtube 20 may be at any suitable angle relative to theexhaust side 15 of thecylinder head 10. - Additionally, as shown in
FIG. 1 , eachtube 20 may have a circular cross-section; however, it will be appreciated that eachtube 20 may have any suitable cross-section, such as elliptical, triangular, rectangular, square, hexagonal, octagonal or the like. - Forming
independent tubes 20 may allow flexibility in system design; for example, in one embodiment, thetubes 20 may be of substantially different lengths, cross-sections, and/or at different angles relative to theexhaust side 15 as may required by the overall engine compartment and packing design thereby allowing more flexibility in exhaust manifold design and arrangement. In addition,separate tubes 20 may act as longer runners thereby permitting better flow separation and scavenging of the exhaust gases prior to the gases entering the exhaust manifold, which may increase overall engine performance. For example, thetubes 20 may have distinct lengths and each connect to the primary exhaust pipe at different locations. - The
distal end 30 of each of thetubes 20 is in fluid communication with and coupled to a corresponding primary pipe of the exhaust manifold. Each of thetubes 20 may be coupled to one another and the primary pipe via a clamp (e.g. band clamp, v-band, Torca™ clamp, etc.), welding, press fit, threaded fit, an adhesive, or in another manner as will be appreciated by a person of ordinary skill in the art. Further, thedistal end 30 of each of thetubes 20 may be flared so as to telescopically receive a corresponding primary pipe of the exhaust manifold; alternatively, thedistal end 30 of each of thetubes 20 may be narrowed to be telescopically received by a corresponding primary pipe of the exhaust manifold. - A method for manufacturing and assembling a
cylinder head 10 is also provided. A user may cast, mold, die-cast, or otherwise integrally form thetubes 20 to thecylinder head 10. Thetubes 20 may have predetermined lengths, each of thetubes 20 have similar lengths of different lengths. Thetubes 20 may be connected to a primary pipe of the exhaust manifold such that exhaust gases exiting thecylinder head 10 are passed through thetubes 20 and into the exhaust manifold. - Advantageously, integrally forming the
tubes 20 to thecylinder head 10 may eliminate the need for an inlet flange on the exhaust manifold and corresponding machining required on theexhaust side 15 of thecylinder head 10, as well as elimination of the manifold gasket, thereby and in part, possibly reducing the number of potential leak paths in the system. Alternatively, thedistal end 30 of eachtube 20 may include a flange that may be coupled to a corresponding inlet flange of an exhaust manifold. - Having shown and described the preferred embodiment, further adaptations of the methods and systems described herein may be accomplished by appropriate modifications by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and principles of the present invention. Several potential modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be considered in terms of the following claim and is understood not to be limited to the details of the embodiment shown and described above.
Claims (8)
1. A method of manufacturing an exhaust system comprising the steps of:
selecting a length of each of a plurality of tubes;
casting a cylinder head with a plurality of exhaust ports formed therethrough and the plurality of tubes, wherein the cylinder head and the plurality of tubes are integrally formed and each of the tubes corresponds to one of the exhaust ports.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the tubes are independently connected to one of the exhaust ports.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising the step of:
connecting at least two of the tubes to an exhaust manifold.
4. The method of claim 2 further comprising the step of:
connecting all of the tubes to a primary pipe of the exhaust manifold.
5. The method of claim 2 further comprising the step of:
machining an interior of at least one of the tubes to smoothen the interior of at least one of the tubes.
6. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the tubes is perpendicular to the exhaust ports of the cylinder head.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein all of the tubes are perpendicular to the exhaust ports of the cylinder head.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the tubes has a substantially circular cross-section.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/111,312 US20110214831A1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2011-05-19 | Cylinder head |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US92321107P | 2007-04-13 | 2007-04-13 | |
US12/082,732 US7966986B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2008-04-14 | Cylinder head |
US13/111,312 US20110214831A1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2011-05-19 | Cylinder head |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/082,732 Division US7966986B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2008-04-14 | Cylinder head |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20110214831A1 true US20110214831A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
Family
ID=39864595
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/082,732 Expired - Fee Related US7966986B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2008-04-14 | Cylinder head |
US13/111,312 Abandoned US20110214831A1 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2011-05-19 | Cylinder head |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/082,732 Expired - Fee Related US7966986B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2008-04-14 | Cylinder head |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7966986B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2008127684A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8091533B2 (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2012-01-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Engine assembly including centrally located fuel rail |
AT522795B1 (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-02-15 | Avl List Gmbh | CYLINDER HEAD OF AN COMBUSTION ENGINE |
US11098673B2 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-08-24 | Cummins Inc. | Cylinder head with integrated exhaust manifold |
Citations (24)
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US1336800A (en) * | 1916-10-04 | 1920-04-13 | Packard Motor Car Co | Method of machining hydrocarbon-motors |
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2008
- 2008-04-14 US US12/082,732 patent/US7966986B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2008-04-14 WO PCT/US2008/004762 patent/WO2008127684A2/en active Application Filing
-
2011
- 2011-05-19 US US13/111,312 patent/US20110214831A1/en not_active Abandoned
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US1655149A (en) * | 1928-01-03 | Internal combustion engine | ||
US1336800A (en) * | 1916-10-04 | 1920-04-13 | Packard Motor Car Co | Method of machining hydrocarbon-motors |
US1720711A (en) * | 1923-06-09 | 1929-07-16 | Glenn D Angle | Method of making cylinder heads |
US2218332A (en) * | 1939-04-10 | 1940-10-15 | Leonard E Fowler | Internal combustion engine |
US2437838A (en) * | 1942-12-24 | 1948-03-16 | Garlin E Seals | Fuel pump for internal-combustion engines |
US2611238A (en) * | 1950-01-09 | 1952-09-23 | American Locomotive Co | Exhaust manifold for internalcombustion engines |
US3892212A (en) * | 1972-06-28 | 1975-07-01 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Integral intake and exhaust conduit for internal combustion engine |
US4055043A (en) * | 1975-11-11 | 1977-10-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Manifold reactor |
US4180029A (en) * | 1976-12-29 | 1979-12-25 | Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | 2-Cycle engine of an active thermoatmosphere combustion |
US4369627A (en) * | 1978-11-07 | 1983-01-25 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Internal combustion engine |
US4884400A (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1989-12-05 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Exhaust manifold of internal combustion engine |
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US5463867A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-11-07 | Mtu Motoren- Und Turbinen-Union Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Supercharged internal combustion engine exhaust system |
US5632145A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1997-05-27 | Hunt; Robert N. | Internal combustion engine with rifled intake and exhaust manifolds |
US5970933A (en) * | 1996-11-29 | 1999-10-26 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Overhead-valve engine having non-parallel inlet and outlet valves |
US6178937B1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2001-01-30 | Tmj Properties, L.L.C. | Rocker arm fixture |
US6629516B1 (en) * | 1999-11-04 | 2003-10-07 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust port structure of internal combustion engine |
US6776128B2 (en) * | 2000-01-26 | 2004-08-17 | Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Internal combustion engine |
US20020078920A1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2002-06-27 | Hartmut Diel | Cylinder head for a multi-cylinder direct-injection spark - ingnition internal combustion engine |
US20020104504A1 (en) * | 2001-02-02 | 2002-08-08 | Masatoshi Suzuki | Engine for motorcycles |
US20030097751A1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-05-29 | Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. | Method of producing a cylinder in a two-cycle engine |
US20060011153A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2006-01-19 | Masahiro Yamazaki | Narrow angle v-type engine |
US7424878B2 (en) * | 2006-01-20 | 2008-09-16 | Fuji Robin Kabushiki Kaisha | Intake port for 4-cycle engine |
US7370618B2 (en) * | 2006-02-07 | 2008-05-13 | Bruno De Prato | Internal combustion engine with five valves per cylinder |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2008127684A3 (en) | 2010-03-11 |
WO2008127684A2 (en) | 2008-10-23 |
US20080276899A1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
US7966986B2 (en) | 2011-06-28 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |