US20110120101A1 - Filter for vehicle exhaust system - Google Patents
Filter for vehicle exhaust system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110120101A1 US20110120101A1 US13/018,206 US201113018206A US2011120101A1 US 20110120101 A1 US20110120101 A1 US 20110120101A1 US 201113018206 A US201113018206 A US 201113018206A US 2011120101 A1 US2011120101 A1 US 2011120101A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- exhaust
- filter
- vehicle
- charcoal
- catalytic converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0224—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being granular
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/0212—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters with one or more perforated tubes surrounded by filtering material, e.g. filter candles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
- F01N2330/08—Granular material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/40—Activated carbon or charcoal
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
- F01N3/2832—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support granular, e.g. pellets
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
- F01N3/2846—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration specially adapted for granular supports, e.g. pellets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S55/00—Gas separation
- Y10S55/30—Exhaust treatment
Definitions
- This invention relates generally to reducing the amount of pollutants expelled by a vehicle.
- pollutants that are expelled through its exhaust system. It is useful to decrease the amount of pollutants expelled by the vehicle because of the negative environmental and health effects associated with them.
- the pollutants can be of many different types, such as gaseous carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, as well as solid particulate matter.
- Carbon monoxide is known to be a poisonous gas and hydrocarbons are known to include carcinogens, as well as photochemically active chemicals that cause the formation of ozone and smog.
- nitrogen oxides are known to cause the formation of smog and acid rain.
- Solid particulate matter generally includes soot and hydrocarbons from uncombusted fuel, which can damage the lungs when inhaled.
- Most vehicles include a catalytic converter to reduce the amount of pollutants expelled.
- the catalytic converter is included with the vehicle exhaust system and converts pollutants generated by the engine to less harmful chemical species.
- the catalytic converter is effective at converting the pollutants to carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen.
- the present invention involves a vehicle engine which flows vehicle exhaust through a vehicle exhaust system.
- the vehicle exhaust system includes a catalytic converter operatively coupled with the vehicle engine.
- the catalytic converter receives engine exhaust from the vehicle engine and outputs a converter exhaust.
- a charcoal exhaust filter is coupled with the catalytic converter and receives the converter exhaust.
- the charcoal exhaust filter filters pollutants from the converter exhaust and outputs a filter exhaust.
- the filter exhaust includes fewer pollutants than the converter exhaust and the converter exhaust includes fewer pollutants than the engine exhaust. In this way, the catalytic converter and charcoal exhaust filter reduce the amount of pollutants expelled by the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a vehicle operatively coupled with a vehicle exhaust system.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle with a vehicle exhaust system operatively coupled with a vehicle engine, in accordance with the invention.
- FIGS. 3 a and 3 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of one embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention.
- FIGS. 4 a and 4 b are exploded views of embodiments of an exhaust filter member, in accordance with the invention, included with FIGS. 3 a and 3 b.
- FIGS. 5 a and 5 b are plan views of a screen and flow diverter, respectively, included with the exhaust filter members of FIGS. 4 a and 4 b.
- FIGS. 6 a and 6 b are exploded perspective views of two embodiments of an exhaust filter member, in accordance with the invention, which can be included with the exhaust filter of FIGS. 3 a and 3 b.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of an embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention, threadingly engaged with an exhaust pipe.
- FIGS. 8 a and 8 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of another embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 9 a is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust hollow body member included with the exhaust filter of FIGS. 8 a and 8 b.
- FIG. 9 b is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust filter member included with the exhaust filter of FIGS. 8 a and 8 b.
- FIG. 9 c is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of an exhaust filter member which can be included with the exhaust filter of FIGS. 8 a and 8 b.
- FIG. 9 d is a perspective view of a screen and gas flow diverter formed as a single integral piece, in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 9 e is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust hollow body member included with the exhaust filter of FIGS. 8 a and 8 b.
- FIGS. 10 a and 10 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of another embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 11 a is a flowchart of a method of installing a charcoal exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 11 b is a flowchart of a method of reducing the amount of pollution expelled by a vehicle, in accordance with the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a vehicle 100 having a vehicle engine (not shown) operatively coupled with a vehicle exhaust system 101 .
- Vehicle 100 can be of many different types, such as those in which the vehicle engine is an internal combustion engine. However, it should be noted that vehicle 100 can include other types of engines, such as a hybrid engine.
- a hybrid engine provides power from batteries and an internal combustion engine. Vehicles powered by batteries and an internal combustion engine are often referred to as “hybrid vehicles”.
- vehicle exhaust system 101 includes an exhaust filter 108 connected to an exhaust pipe 109 .
- Exhaust filter 108 receives pollutants from the vehicle engine in an engine exhaust gas and filters them before they are ejected through exhaust pipe 109 . In this way, the amount of pollutants ejected by vehicle 100 is reduced.
- exhaust filter 108 uses a solid as the filtering agent.
- the solid filtering agent can be of many different types, such as rocks and/or charcoal.
- the rocks can be of many different types, such as lava rocks.
- the charcoal is typically activated charcoal because activated charcoal provides better pollution filtering than unactivated charcoal.
- Activated charcoal is charcoal that has been treated with oxygen to make it more porous.
- the charcoal can be treated in many different ways, such as by using physical reactivation and/or chemical activation.
- activated charcoal there are many different types of activated charcoal that can be used in exhaust filter 108 .
- granulated activated carbon GAC
- PAC Powdered activated carbon
- Pelleted activated carbon is activated charcoal which includes extruded and cylindrically shaped activated carbon with diameters from about 0.8 mm to 5 mm.
- the carbon included with the charcoal can be impregnated with inorganic elements to increase the absorption of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans in the engine exhaust gas.
- inorganic elements include iodine and silver, as well as cations, such as aluminum, manganese, and zinc.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of vehicle 100 with vehicle exhaust system 101 operatively coupled with a vehicle engine 111 .
- Vehicle exhaust system 101 is operatively coupled to vehicle engine 111 so that the engine exhaust gas generated from the operation of vehicle engine 111 flows through it.
- vehicle exhaust system 101 includes an exhaust pipe 103 which connects a catalytic converter 104 to vehicle engine 111 , so that engine exhaust 102 can flow therebetween.
- Catalytic converter 104 is connected to exhaust filter 108 through an exhaust pipe 107 , so that a converter exhaust 106 can flow therebetween.
- exhaust pipe 109 is connected to exhaust filter 108 ( FIG. 1 ), so that filter exhaust 110 is expelled by vehicle 100 .
- Exhaust filter 108 is connected to catalytic converter 104 downstream from it so that the engine exhaust gas flows from vehicle engine 111 to catalytic converter 104 through exhaust pipe 103 , from catalytic converter 104 to exhaust filter 108 through exhaust pipe 107 , and is expelled from exhaust filter 108 through exhaust pipe 109 .
- exhaust pipe 107 includes a cooling vent 105 , which cools the exhaust gas as it flows through exhaust pipe 107 . In this way, the exhaust gas is cooled as it flows between catalytic converter 104 and exhaust filter 108 .
- Exhaust pipe 107 can have many different configurations.
- exhaust pipe 107 can include exhaust pipe portions 107 a and 107 b with an exhaust loop portion 113 connected therebetween.
- a flow rate adjuster 114 is coupled with exhaust loop portion 113 so it can adjust the flow rate of converter exhaust 106 .
- flow rate adjuster 114 increases the flow of converter exhaust 106 to counteract the restriction of this flow rate by exhaust filter 108 .
- Flow rate adjuster 114 can be of many different types, such as a turbo fan.
- a catalytic converter generally includes an autocatalyst, which is a substrate coated with a metal catalyst.
- the substrate is often a ceramic or metal block through which a honeycomb of channels extend.
- the channels can be coated with support materials to increase their surface area.
- the metal catalyst is generally platinum, but it can be other metal catalysts, such as palladium and rhodium.
- the autocatalyst is typically encased in a stainless steel housing and coupled to exhaust pipe 103 proximate to vehicle engine 111 .
- the autocatalyst is known to reduce the negative effects of pollution in the exhaust gas.
- the autocatalyst reduces the negative effects of the pollution in many different ways, such as by oxidizing or reducing the pollutants to less harmful chemical species, such as carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen. Carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen are not as harmful as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, or nitrous oxide. However, it is also generally desirable to reduce the amount of these less harmful chemical species expelled by vehicle 100 , as well as others, such as hydrogen sulfide. Further, it is also desirable to filter the pollutants that are not converted by catalytic converter 104 . As discussed in more detail below, exhaust filter 108 reduces the amount of these less harmful chemical species expelled by vehicle 100 and filters pollutants that are not converted by catalytic converter 104 .
- catalytic converter 104 converts the chemical species in engine exhaust 102 to the less harmful pollutants, as discussed above, and expels a converter exhaust 106 .
- converter exhaust 106 corresponds to engine exhaust 102 with a first amount of pollutants removed from it.
- Converter exhaust 106 is cooled by cooling vent 105 as it flows through exhaust pipe 107 to exhaust filter 108 .
- Exhaust filter 108 receives converter exhaust 106 and filters and expels it through exhaust pipe 109 as filter exhaust 110 .
- Filter exhaust 110 corresponds to converter exhaust 106 with a second amount of pollutants removed from it.
- catalytic converter 104 receives engine exhaust 102 and removes a first amount of pollutants from it and filter 108 receives converter exhaust 106 and removes a second amount of pollutants from it.
- a portion of converter exhaust 106 flowing through exhaust filter 108 can be flowed to an air intake (not shown) of vehicle engine 111 .
- the portion of converter exhaust 106 flowed to the air intake goes through the combustion process again instead of being expelled through exhaust pipe 109 .
- a portion of converter exhaust 106 can be flowed to the air intake of vehicle engine 111 in many different ways.
- an exhaust pipe 115 is connected between exhaust filter 108 and vehicle engine 111 so that an exhaust gas 119 is flowed to the air intake. In this way, exhaust gas 119 is reused by engine 111 in the combustion process instead of being expelled through exhaust pipe 109 .
- exhaust filter 108 can have many different configurations, one of which will be discussed in more detail presently.
- FIG. 3 a is a perspective view of one embodiment of exhaust filter 108 , in accordance with the invention.
- Filter 108 can have many different shapes, but here it is cylindrical.
- exhaust filter 108 includes a filter member 120 a , as well as a heat dissipation member 120 b .
- Filter member 120 a includes a solid filtering agent and heat dissipation member 120 b includes a heat dissipation material.
- Heat dissipation member 120 b is positioned between two filter members 120 a or between one filter member 120 a and exhaust pipe 109 .
- Filter member 120 a is positioned between two heat dissipation members 120 b or between one heat dissipation member 120 b and exhaust pipe 107 .
- exhaust filter 108 includes alternating filter and heat dissipation members positioned between exhaust pipes 107 and 109 . The filter and heat dissipation members filter and cool the exhaust gas as it flows through exhaust filter 108 .
- filter members 120 a and heat dissipation members 120 b are removeable from exhaust filter 108 , so that they are disposable and replaceable. This is useful so that they can be replaced as their filtering and heat dissipation abilities diminish, which generally occurs with use. In other embodiments, however, filter members 120 a and heat dissipation members 120 b are a single integrated piece.
- converter exhaust 106 flows through exhaust pipe 107 and into filter member 120 a where it is filtered by the solid filtering agent included therein. Converter exhaust 106 then flows through heat dissipation member 120 b where it is cooled by the heat dissipation material include therein. Converter exhaust 106 continues to flow through alternating members 120 a and 120 b , as described above, where it is alternately filtered and cooled. Hence, the engine exhaust gas alternates between being filtered and cooled until it flows into exhaust pipe 109 and is expelled by vehicle 100 . It should be noted that exhaust filter 108 can have many other configurations, one of which will be discussed in more detail presently.
- FIG. 3 b is a plan view of another embodiment of exhaust filter 108 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust filter 108 includes alternating exhaust filter and heat dissipation members 120 a and 120 b , as in FIG. 3 a .
- the alternating exhaust and heat dissipation members 120 a and 120 b are positioned between hollow body members 121 a and 121 b .
- exhaust pipe 107 is connected to a hollow body member at one end of exhaust filter 108 and exhaust pipe 109 is connected to a hollow body member at an opposed end of exhaust filter 108 .
- Hollow body members 121 a and 121 b facilitate the connection of exhaust filter 108 to exhaust pipes 107 and 109 .
- hollow body members 121 a and 121 b do not include a solid filtering agent or heat dissipation material.
- FIG. 4 a is an exploded view of an exhaust filter member 130 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust filter member 130 includes a hollow body member 121 with central opening 122 extending therethrough.
- Exhaust filter member 130 includes a screen 123 a positioned at one end of central opening 122 and a screen 123 b positioned at its opposed end.
- hollow body members 121 a and 121 b discussed above are the same as hollow body member 121 .
- FIG. 5 a is a plan view of a screen 123 , which is the same or similar to screens 123 a and 123 b .
- screen 123 includes an annular frame member 128 with a central opening covered with a mesh 124 .
- Annular frame 128 can have many different shapes and dimensions, but here it is circular.
- Mesh 124 includes openings which allow the engine exhaust gas to flow therethrough.
- exhaust filter member 130 ( FIG. 4 a ) can be used as filter member 120 a and/or heat dissipation member 120 b , which were discussed in more detail above.
- the solid filtering agent is positioned within opening 122 and held therein by screens 123 a and 123 b .
- the solid filtering agent can be of many different types, several of which were discussed above.
- the openings of mesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the solid filtering agent therethrough.
- the heat dissipation material is positioned within opening 122 and held therein by screens 123 a and 123 b .
- the heat dissipation material can be of many different types, such as PYRON fibers provided by Zoltek Corporation of Abilene, Tex.
- the openings of mesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the heat dissipation material therethrough.
- FIG. 4 b is an exploded view of an exhaust filter member 131 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust filter member 131 includes hollow body member 121 with central opening 122 .
- Exhaust filter member 131 includes a flow diverter 125 positioned at one end of central opening 122 and screen 123 positioned at the opposed end of central opening 122 . It should be noted that the exhaust gas flow is generally through central opening 122 from flow diverter 125 to screen 123 .
- FIG. 5 b is a plan view of one embodiment of flow diverter 125 .
- flow diverter 125 includes annular frame member 128 which carries a plate 126 with openings 127 extending therethrough.
- Plate 126 can have many different shapes and dimensions, but here it is circular and is dimensioned to cover opening 122 .
- openings 127 can have many different shapes and dimensions, but here they are circular with each having a diameter d.
- the exhaust gas flow through plate 126 increases as the number of openings 127 increases and the exhaust gas flow decreases as the number of openings decrease. Further, the exhaust gas flow through plate 126 increases as diameter d increases and the exhaust gas flow decreases as diameter d decreases. Diameter d is chosen to restrict the flow of the solid filtering agent and heat dissipation material through plate 126 .
- exhaust filter member 131 ( FIG. 4 b ) can be used as filter members 120 a and/or heat dissipation member 120 b .
- the solid filtering agent is positioned within opening 122 and held therein by screen 123 and flow diverter 125 . Openings 127 and the openings of mesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the solid filtering agent therethrough.
- opening 122 When exhaust filter member 131 is used as heat dissipation member 120 b , the heat dissipation material is positioned within opening 122 and held therein by screen 123 and flow diverter 125 . Openings 127 and the openings of mesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the heat dissipation material therethrough. It should be noted that, however, that openings 127 can be covered with a mesh, if desired.
- hollow body member 121 can include a lip 135 which extends around the outer periphery of opening 122 , as shown by a substitution arrow 136 .
- Lip 135 is shaped and dimensioned to receive annular frame member 128 .
- Body 121 can also include a lip (not shown) positioned on the opposed end of body 121 to receive the annular frame member of screens 123 and 123 a . In this way, flow diverter 125 and screens 123 and 123 a can be flush with body 121 when they are coupled together.
- FIG. 6 a is an exploded view of an exhaust filter member 133 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust filter member 133 can be used as filter member 120 a and/or heat dissipation member 120 b , as discussed above in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b .
- exhaust filter member 133 includes hollow body member 121 with central opening 122 extending therethrough. Screen 123 is positioned at one end of central opening 122 and a flow diverter 140 is positioned at its opposed end.
- flow diverter 140 includes an annular plate 141 with a central opening 145 covered by mesh 124 . Annular plate 141 blocks the flow of the exhaust gas so it is diverted to flow through central opening 145 and mesh 124 .
- the exhaust gas flow through body 121 is generally from flow diverter 140 to screen 123 .
- FIG. 6 b is an exploded view of an exhaust filter member 134 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust filter member 134 can be used as filter member 120 a and/or heat dissipation member 120 b , as discussed above in FIGS. 4 a and 4 b .
- exhaust filter member 134 includes hollow body member 121 with central opening 122 extending therethrough. Screen 123 a is positioned at one end of central opening 122 and a flow diverter 142 is positioned at its opposed end. It should be noted that the exhaust gas flow is generally from flow diverter 142 to screen 123 .
- flow diverter 142 includes screen 123 b and, in accordance with the invention, a circular plate 143 is positioned on mesh 124 of screen 123 b to form an outer annular opening 146 between plate 143 and annular frame 128 .
- Outer annular opening 146 is best seen in a side view of flow diverter 142 , as indicated by an indication arrow 144 .
- Outer annular opening 146 is covered by mesh 124 of screen 123 b and plate 143 diverts the flow of the exhaust gas to it.
- exhaust filter 108 can be connected to exhaust pipes 107 and 109 in many different ways.
- exhaust filter 108 is welded to exhaust pipes 107 and/or 109 and, in other embodiments, exhaust filter 108 and exhaust pipes 107 and 109 are a single integral piece. In other embodiments, however, exhaust filter 108 is removeably coupled with exhaust pipes 107 and 109 , as will be discussed presently.
- FIG. 7 is a side view of an exhaust filter 108 which can be threadingly engaged with exhaust pipe 107 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust pipe 107 includes exhaust pipe portion 107 c and exhaust pipe portion 107 d .
- Exhaust filter 108 is connected to exhaust pipe portion 107 d , wherein exhaust pipe portion 107 d includes threads 117 on its end opposed to filter 108 .
- Exhaust pipe portion 107 c includes threads 116 , wherein threads 117 can be threadingly engaged with threads 116 .
- filter 108 is connected to exhaust pipe 107 in a repeatably removeable manner.
- FIGS. 8 a and 8 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of an exhaust filter 160 , in accordance with the invention, which can replace exhaust filter 108 .
- Exhaust filter 160 can be of many shapes, but here it has a rectangular cross-section and defines a cubic volume.
- exhaust filter 160 includes hollow body members 151 a and 151 e , with exhaust filter members 151 b , 151 c , and 151 d positioned between them. Hollow body member 151 a is attached to exhaust pipes 107 and 109 at its opposed ends.
- exhaust filter 160 includes exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 which extend through members 151 a - 151 e . Further, exhaust filter 160 includes exhaust flow path 163 which extends through member 151 e and connects exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 together. Exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 are separated from each other by a sidewall 153 and the flow of exhaust gas through paths 161 and 162 is in opposed directions. Exhaust flow path 163 extends through an opening (not shown) in sidewall 153 .
- Exhaust pipe 107 is connected to the end of exhaust flow path 161 opposed to exhaust flow path 163 and exhaust pipe 109 is connected to the end of exhaust flow path 162 opposed to exhaust flow path 163 . In this way, exhaust gas flowing through exhaust pipe 107 flows to exhaust flow path 163 through exhaust flow path 161 . Further, the exhaust gas flowing through exhaust flow path 163 flows to exhaust pipe 109 through exhaust flow path 162 .
- filter members 151 b , 151 c and 151 d are alternating filter and heat dissipation members. Hence, the exhaust flow through exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 flow through alternating filter and heat dissipation regions.
- Members 151 a - 151 e can have many different configurations, several of which will be discussed in more detail presently.
- FIG. 9 a is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment of hollow body member 151 a , in accordance with the invention.
- hollow body member 151 a includes body member 152 with openings 154 and 155 extending therethrough and separated from each other by sidewall 153 .
- openings 154 and 155 correspond to exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 , respectively.
- Hollow body member 151 a includes a sidewall 158 which extends perpendicular to sidewall 153 .
- Sidewall 158 prevents exhaust gas flow through one end of openings 154 and 155 .
- sidewall 158 and hollow body 152 are shown here as being separate pieces, but they can be a single integrated piece in other embodiments.
- exhaust pipes 107 and 109 are positioned on opposed ends of hollow body 152 , and extend therethrough so they are in fluid communication with openings 154 and 155 , respectively, as well as exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 , respectively.
- FIG. 9 b is an exploded perspective view of exhaust filter member 151 , in accordance with the invention.
- exhaust filter member 151 includes body member 152 with openings 154 and 155 extending therethrough and sidewall 153 positioned therebetween.
- Exhaust filter member 151 includes a screen 150 positioned at one end of openings 154 and 155 and a flow diverter 169 positioned at their opposed ends.
- Screen 150 and flow diverter 169 are each single pieces which cover openings 154 and 155 .
- screen 150 can be replaced by a smaller screen that covers only opening 154 or 155 .
- flow diverter 169 can be a smaller flow diverter that covers only opening 154 or 155 . Examples of embodiments of smaller screens and flow diverters are shown in FIG. 9 c.
- Openings 154 and 155 of exhaust filter member 151 correspond to exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 , respectively. Further, openings 154 and 155 of exhaust filter member 151 are in fluid communication with openings 154 and 155 of hollow body member 151 a . Sidewall 153 of exhaust filter member 151 is engaged with sidewall 153 of hollow body member 151 a so they form a single sidewall which restricts the flow of exhaust gas between exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 .
- screen 150 includes a rectangular frame member 157 which carries mesh 124 .
- flow diverter 169 includes a rectangular frame member 164 which carries a diverter plate 165 with openings 127 extending therethrough.
- body member 152 can include lips (not shown), such as lip 135 , for receiving screen 150 and flow diverter 169 .
- exhaust filter member 151 can be extended to include additional openings in rectangular body 152 , an example of which is indicated in phantom and designated as opening 154 a .
- An exhaust filter member that is extended to include additional openings would generally include additional sidewalls separating the openings.
- the number of openings 154 and 155 included with hollow body member 151 a generally corresponds to the number of openings 154 and 155 included with exhaust filter member 151 .
- FIGS. 10 a and 10 b One such example of an exhaust filter member that has been extended to include additional openings is shown in FIGS. 10 a and 10 b.
- exhaust filter member 151 can include the solid filtering agent and/or the heat dissipation material.
- the solid filtering agent is positioned in openings 154 and 155 and held therein by screen 150 and flow diverter 169 .
- the heat dissipation material is positioned in openings 154 and 155 and held therein by screen 150 and flow diverter 169 .
- exhaust filter member 151 operates as a heat dissipation member.
- the solid filtering agent can be positioned in opening 154 and the heat dissipation material can be positioned in opening 155 .
- the solid filtering agent can be positioned in opening 155 and the heat dissipation material can be positioned in opening 154 . In this way, exhaust filter member 151 operates as both a filter and heat dissipation member.
- FIG. 9 c is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust filter member 156 , in accordance with the invention, which includes smaller screens and flow diverters.
- exhaust filter member 156 includes a flow diverter 184 that includes a square frame 181 which carries a square plate 185 with openings 127 extending therethrough. Further, exhaust filter member 156 also includes a square screen 183 with a square frame 182 which carries mesh 124 .
- screen 183 and flow diverter 184 can be positioned in many ways.
- flow diverter 184 is engaged with screen 183 and positioned at one end of openings 154 and 155 .
- another one of flow diverter 184 is engaged with another one of screen 183 and they are positioned at the opposed end of openings 154 and 155 .
- screen 183 faces flow diverter 184 at opposed ends of openings 154 and 155 .
- screen 183 and flow diverter 184 can be connected together so they form a single integral piece, as shown in FIG. 9 d.
- FIG. 9 e is an exploded perspective view of hollow body member 151 e , in accordance with the invention.
- hollow body member 151 e includes hollow body 152 with openings 154 and 155 extending therethrough and separated from each other by sidewall 153 . Openings 154 and 155 correspond to exhaust flow paths 161 and 162 , respectively.
- Sidewall 153 includes an opening 159 so that openings 154 and 155 are in fluid communication with each other and opening 159 corresponds to exhaust flow path 163 .
- Hollow body member 151 e includes sidewall 158 positioned at one end of openings 154 and 155 . Sidewall 158 extends perpendicular to sidewall 153 and prevents exhaust gas flow through one end of openings 154 and 155 .
- sidewall 158 and hollow body 152 are shown here as being separate pieces, but they can be a single integrated piece in other embodiments. It should be noted that the number of openings 154 and 155 included with hollow body member 151 e generally corresponds to the number of openings 154 and 155 included with exhaust filter member 151 .
- FIGS. 10 a and 10 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of a filter 190 , in accordance with the invention, which can replace exhaust filter 108 .
- filter 190 has been extended to include additional openings, as denoted by rectangular bodies 152 a and 152 b , wherein bodies 152 a and 152 b are the same as rectangular body 152 , but with a common sidewall.
- exhaust pipe 107 extends through sidewall 158 and is in fluid communication with exhaust flow path 161 a .
- Exhaust flow path 163 a extends through sidewall 153 a so it connects exhaust flow path 161 a to exhaust flow path 162 a .
- exhaust flow paths 161 a , 162 a and 163 a correspond to exhaust flow paths 161 , 162 and 163 , respectively, of FIG. 8 b.
- An exhaust flow path 163 c extends from the end of exhaust flow path 162 a opposed to exhaust flow path 163 a and into rectangular body 152 b , where it is in fluid communication with an exhaust flow path 161 b .
- Exhaust flow path 161 b extends through members 151 a - 151 e of body 152 b , where it is in fluid communication with an exhaust flow path 163 b .
- Exhaust flow path 163 b extends through a sidewall 153 b of rectangular body 152 b and connects exhaust flow path 161 b to an exhaust flow path 162 b .
- Exhaust flow path 162 b extends through members 151 a - 151 e where it connects to an exhaust flow path 163 d .
- Exhaust flow path 163 d extends from the end of exhaust flow path 162 b opposed to exhaust flow path 163 b to an exhaust flow path 161 c .
- Exhaust flow path 161 c extends through members 151 a - 151 e where it connects to exhaust pipe 109 .
- Exhaust pipe 109 extends through sidewall 158 and is in fluid communication with exhaust flow path 161 c.
- Exhaust filter 190 can operate as a filtering and heat dissipation element in many different ways.
- the solid filtering agent is positioned along exhaust flow paths 161 a , 161 b and 161 c and the heat dissipation material is positioned along exhaust flow paths 162 a and 162 b .
- the heat dissipation material is positioned along exhaust flow paths 161 a , 161 b and 161 c and the solid filtering agent is positioned along exhaust flow paths 162 a and 162 b.
- FIG. 11 a is a flowchart of a method 200 of installing an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention.
- method 200 includes a step 201 of providing a vehicle with a vehicle exhaust system and a method 202 of installing the exhaust filter with the vehicle exhaust system.
- the exhaust filter is coupled with the vehicle exhaust system so that it filters pollutants from exhaust gas generated from the operation of the vehicle.
- method 200 includes replacing disposable filter members and heat dissipation members included with the exhaust filter.
- the exhaust filter includes charcoal so that it is a charcoal filter.
- FIG. 11 b is a flowchart of a method 210 of reducing the amount of pollution expelled by a vehicle, in accordance with the invention.
- method 210 includes a step 211 of providing a vehicle having an engine coupled with a vehicle exhaust system.
- the vehicle exhaust system receives exhaust gas from the vehicle and expels it.
- the vehicle exhaust system includes an exhaust filter in fluid communication with the vehicle engine through a catalytic converter.
- Method 210 includes a step 212 of operating the vehicle engine so that an engine exhaust gas flows to the catalytic converter.
- the catalytic converter converts the pollutants included with the vehicle exhaust gas to another chemical species and outputs a converter exhaust.
- Method 210 includes a step 213 of receiving the converter exhaust with the exhaust filter and outputting a filter exhaust.
- the filter exhaust includes fewer pollutants than the converter exhaust.
- method 210 includes a step of flowing a portion of the converted exhaust to the vehicle engine so that it is used in the combustion process again.
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Abstract
A vehicle exhaust system includes a catalytic converter connected to an exhaust pipe. An exhaust filter is connected to the exhaust pipe downstream from the catalytic converter. The exhaust filter is a charcoal filter that filters particulates from the air flow in the exhaust pipe. The exhaust filter is threadingly engaged with the exhaust pipe and is disposable.
Description
- This application claims benefit to U.S. Pat. No. 7,877,989, which issued on Feb. 1, 2011, by the same inventor, the contents of which are incorporated by reference as though full set forth herein.
- 1. Field of the Invention
- This invention relates generally to reducing the amount of pollutants expelled by a vehicle.
- 2. Description of the Related Art
- It is well-known that vehicles powered by an internal combustion engine generate pollutants that are expelled through its exhaust system. It is useful to decrease the amount of pollutants expelled by the vehicle because of the negative environmental and health effects associated with them. The pollutants can be of many different types, such as gaseous carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, as well as solid particulate matter. Carbon monoxide is known to be a poisonous gas and hydrocarbons are known to include carcinogens, as well as photochemically active chemicals that cause the formation of ozone and smog. Further, nitrogen oxides are known to cause the formation of smog and acid rain. Solid particulate matter generally includes soot and hydrocarbons from uncombusted fuel, which can damage the lungs when inhaled.
- Most vehicles include a catalytic converter to reduce the amount of pollutants expelled. The catalytic converter is included with the vehicle exhaust system and converts pollutants generated by the engine to less harmful chemical species. For example, the catalytic converter is effective at converting the pollutants to carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen. However, it is desirable to further reduce the amount of pollutants expelled by the vehicle.
- The present invention involves a vehicle engine which flows vehicle exhaust through a vehicle exhaust system. The vehicle exhaust system includes a catalytic converter operatively coupled with the vehicle engine. The catalytic converter receives engine exhaust from the vehicle engine and outputs a converter exhaust. In accordance with the invention, a charcoal exhaust filter is coupled with the catalytic converter and receives the converter exhaust. The charcoal exhaust filter filters pollutants from the converter exhaust and outputs a filter exhaust. The filter exhaust includes fewer pollutants than the converter exhaust and the converter exhaust includes fewer pollutants than the engine exhaust. In this way, the catalytic converter and charcoal exhaust filter reduce the amount of pollutants expelled by the vehicle.
- These and other features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with reference to the following drawings and description.
-
FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of a vehicle operatively coupled with a vehicle exhaust system. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle with a vehicle exhaust system operatively coupled with a vehicle engine, in accordance with the invention. -
FIGS. 3 a and 3 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of one embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention. -
FIGS. 4 a and 4 b are exploded views of embodiments of an exhaust filter member, in accordance with the invention, included withFIGS. 3 a and 3 b. -
FIGS. 5 a and 5 b are plan views of a screen and flow diverter, respectively, included with the exhaust filter members ofFIGS. 4 a and 4 b. -
FIGS. 6 a and 6 b are exploded perspective views of two embodiments of an exhaust filter member, in accordance with the invention, which can be included with the exhaust filter ofFIGS. 3 a and 3 b. -
FIG. 7 is a side view of an embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention, threadingly engaged with an exhaust pipe. -
FIGS. 8 a and 8 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of another embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 9 a is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust hollow body member included with the exhaust filter ofFIGS. 8 a and 8 b. -
FIG. 9 b is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust filter member included with the exhaust filter ofFIGS. 8 a and 8 b. -
FIG. 9 c is an exploded perspective view of another embodiment of an exhaust filter member which can be included with the exhaust filter ofFIGS. 8 a and 8 b. -
FIG. 9 d is a perspective view of a screen and gas flow diverter formed as a single integral piece, in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 9 e is an exploded perspective view of an exhaust hollow body member included with the exhaust filter ofFIGS. 8 a and 8 b. -
FIGS. 10 a and 10 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of another embodiment of an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 11 a is a flowchart of a method of installing a charcoal exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 11 b is a flowchart of a method of reducing the amount of pollution expelled by a vehicle, in accordance with the invention. -
FIG. 1 is a rear perspective view of avehicle 100 having a vehicle engine (not shown) operatively coupled with avehicle exhaust system 101.Vehicle 100 can be of many different types, such as those in which the vehicle engine is an internal combustion engine. However, it should be noted thatvehicle 100 can include other types of engines, such as a hybrid engine. A hybrid engine provides power from batteries and an internal combustion engine. Vehicles powered by batteries and an internal combustion engine are often referred to as “hybrid vehicles”. - In accordance with the invention,
vehicle exhaust system 101 includes anexhaust filter 108 connected to anexhaust pipe 109.Exhaust filter 108 receives pollutants from the vehicle engine in an engine exhaust gas and filters them before they are ejected throughexhaust pipe 109. In this way, the amount of pollutants ejected byvehicle 100 is reduced. - In accordance with the invention,
exhaust filter 108 uses a solid as the filtering agent. The solid filtering agent can be of many different types, such as rocks and/or charcoal. The rocks can be of many different types, such as lava rocks. The charcoal is typically activated charcoal because activated charcoal provides better pollution filtering than unactivated charcoal. Activated charcoal is charcoal that has been treated with oxygen to make it more porous. The charcoal can be treated in many different ways, such as by using physical reactivation and/or chemical activation. - There are many different types of activated charcoal that can be used in
exhaust filter 108. For example, granulated activated carbon (GAC) is activated charcoal which includes a relatively larger particle size compared to powdered activated carbon and consequently, presents a smaller external surface. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) is activated charcoal which includes powders or fine granules less than about 1.0 millimeter (mm) in size with an average diameter between about 0.15 mm and 0.25 mm. Pelleted activated carbon is activated charcoal which includes extruded and cylindrically shaped activated carbon with diameters from about 0.8 mm to 5 mm. The carbon included with the charcoal can be impregnated with inorganic elements to increase the absorption of hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans in the engine exhaust gas. Examples of inorganic elements include iodine and silver, as well as cations, such as aluminum, manganese, and zinc. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram ofvehicle 100 withvehicle exhaust system 101 operatively coupled with avehicle engine 111.Vehicle exhaust system 101 is operatively coupled tovehicle engine 111 so that the engine exhaust gas generated from the operation ofvehicle engine 111 flows through it. In this embodiment,vehicle exhaust system 101 includes anexhaust pipe 103 which connects acatalytic converter 104 tovehicle engine 111, so thatengine exhaust 102 can flow therebetween.Catalytic converter 104 is connected to exhaustfilter 108 through anexhaust pipe 107, so that aconverter exhaust 106 can flow therebetween. Further,exhaust pipe 109 is connected to exhaust filter 108 (FIG. 1 ), so thatfilter exhaust 110 is expelled byvehicle 100.Exhaust filter 108 is connected tocatalytic converter 104 downstream from it so that the engine exhaust gas flows fromvehicle engine 111 tocatalytic converter 104 throughexhaust pipe 103, fromcatalytic converter 104 toexhaust filter 108 throughexhaust pipe 107, and is expelled fromexhaust filter 108 throughexhaust pipe 109. In this embodiment,exhaust pipe 107 includes acooling vent 105, which cools the exhaust gas as it flows throughexhaust pipe 107. In this way, the exhaust gas is cooled as it flows betweencatalytic converter 104 andexhaust filter 108. -
Exhaust pipe 107 can have many different configurations. For example, as indicated by asubstitution arrow 112,exhaust pipe 107 can includeexhaust pipe portions exhaust loop portion 113 connected therebetween. In this embodiment, aflow rate adjuster 114 is coupled withexhaust loop portion 113 so it can adjust the flow rate ofconverter exhaust 106. In particular, flowrate adjuster 114 increases the flow ofconverter exhaust 106 to counteract the restriction of this flow rate byexhaust filter 108. Hence, aportion 106 a ofconverter exhaust 106 flowing throughexhaust pipe 107 a has a smaller flow rate than aportion 106 b ofconverter exhaust 106 flowing throughexhaust pipe 107 b.Flow rate adjuster 114 can be of many different types, such as a turbo fan. - A catalytic converter generally includes an autocatalyst, which is a substrate coated with a metal catalyst. The substrate is often a ceramic or metal block through which a honeycomb of channels extend. The channels can be coated with support materials to increase their surface area. The metal catalyst is generally platinum, but it can be other metal catalysts, such as palladium and rhodium. The autocatalyst is typically encased in a stainless steel housing and coupled to
exhaust pipe 103 proximate tovehicle engine 111. The autocatalyst is known to reduce the negative effects of pollution in the exhaust gas. The autocatalyst reduces the negative effects of the pollution in many different ways, such as by oxidizing or reducing the pollutants to less harmful chemical species, such as carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen. Carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen are not as harmful as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, or nitrous oxide. However, it is also generally desirable to reduce the amount of these less harmful chemical species expelled byvehicle 100, as well as others, such as hydrogen sulfide. Further, it is also desirable to filter the pollutants that are not converted bycatalytic converter 104. As discussed in more detail below,exhaust filter 108 reduces the amount of these less harmful chemical species expelled byvehicle 100 and filters pollutants that are not converted bycatalytic converter 104. - In operation,
catalytic converter 104 converts the chemical species inengine exhaust 102 to the less harmful pollutants, as discussed above, and expels aconverter exhaust 106. Hence,converter exhaust 106 corresponds toengine exhaust 102 with a first amount of pollutants removed from it.Converter exhaust 106 is cooled by coolingvent 105 as it flows throughexhaust pipe 107 toexhaust filter 108.Exhaust filter 108 receivesconverter exhaust 106 and filters and expels it throughexhaust pipe 109 asfilter exhaust 110.Filter exhaust 110 corresponds toconverter exhaust 106 with a second amount of pollutants removed from it. In this way,catalytic converter 104 receivesengine exhaust 102 and removes a first amount of pollutants from it and filter 108 receivesconverter exhaust 106 and removes a second amount of pollutants from it. - It should be noted that the amount of pollutants expelled by
vehicle 100 can be further reduced. For example, a portion ofconverter exhaust 106 flowing throughexhaust filter 108 can be flowed to an air intake (not shown) ofvehicle engine 111. The portion ofconverter exhaust 106 flowed to the air intake goes through the combustion process again instead of being expelled throughexhaust pipe 109. A portion ofconverter exhaust 106 can be flowed to the air intake ofvehicle engine 111 in many different ways. In this embodiment, anexhaust pipe 115 is connected betweenexhaust filter 108 andvehicle engine 111 so that anexhaust gas 119 is flowed to the air intake. In this way,exhaust gas 119 is reused byengine 111 in the combustion process instead of being expelled throughexhaust pipe 109. It should be noted thatexhaust filter 108 can have many different configurations, one of which will be discussed in more detail presently. -
FIG. 3 a is a perspective view of one embodiment ofexhaust filter 108, in accordance with the invention.Filter 108 can have many different shapes, but here it is cylindrical. In this embodiment,exhaust filter 108 includes afilter member 120 a, as well as aheat dissipation member 120 b.Filter member 120 a includes a solid filtering agent andheat dissipation member 120 b includes a heat dissipation material.Heat dissipation member 120 b is positioned between twofilter members 120 a or between onefilter member 120 a andexhaust pipe 109.Filter member 120 a is positioned between twoheat dissipation members 120 b or between oneheat dissipation member 120 b andexhaust pipe 107. In this way,exhaust filter 108 includes alternating filter and heat dissipation members positioned betweenexhaust pipes exhaust filter 108. - It should be noted that, in this embodiment,
filter members 120 a andheat dissipation members 120 b are removeable fromexhaust filter 108, so that they are disposable and replaceable. This is useful so that they can be replaced as their filtering and heat dissipation abilities diminish, which generally occurs with use. In other embodiments, however,filter members 120 a andheat dissipation members 120 b are a single integrated piece. - In operation,
converter exhaust 106 flows throughexhaust pipe 107 and intofilter member 120 a where it is filtered by the solid filtering agent included therein.Converter exhaust 106 then flows throughheat dissipation member 120 b where it is cooled by the heat dissipation material include therein.Converter exhaust 106 continues to flow through alternatingmembers exhaust pipe 109 and is expelled byvehicle 100. It should be noted thatexhaust filter 108 can have many other configurations, one of which will be discussed in more detail presently. -
FIG. 3 b is a plan view of another embodiment ofexhaust filter 108, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,exhaust filter 108 includes alternating exhaust filter andheat dissipation members FIG. 3 a. However, the alternating exhaust andheat dissipation members hollow body members exhaust pipe 107 is connected to a hollow body member at one end ofexhaust filter 108 andexhaust pipe 109 is connected to a hollow body member at an opposed end ofexhaust filter 108.Hollow body members exhaust filter 108 toexhaust pipes hollow body members -
FIG. 4 a is an exploded view of anexhaust filter member 130, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,exhaust filter member 130 includes ahollow body member 121 withcentral opening 122 extending therethrough.Exhaust filter member 130 includes ascreen 123 a positioned at one end ofcentral opening 122 and ascreen 123 b positioned at its opposed end. It should be noted thathollow body members hollow body member 121. -
FIG. 5 a is a plan view of ascreen 123, which is the same or similar toscreens screen 123 includes anannular frame member 128 with a central opening covered with amesh 124.Annular frame 128 can have many different shapes and dimensions, but here it is circular.Mesh 124 includes openings which allow the engine exhaust gas to flow therethrough. - It should be noted that exhaust filter member 130 (
FIG. 4 a) can be used asfilter member 120 a and/orheat dissipation member 120 b, which were discussed in more detail above. Whenexhaust filter member 130 is used asexhaust filter member 120 a, the solid filtering agent is positioned withinopening 122 and held therein byscreens mesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the solid filtering agent therethrough. - When
exhaust filter member 130 is used asheat dissipation member 120 b, the heat dissipation material is positioned withinopening 122 and held therein byscreens mesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the heat dissipation material therethrough. -
FIG. 4 b is an exploded view of anexhaust filter member 131, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,exhaust filter member 131 includeshollow body member 121 withcentral opening 122.Exhaust filter member 131 includes aflow diverter 125 positioned at one end ofcentral opening 122 andscreen 123 positioned at the opposed end ofcentral opening 122. It should be noted that the exhaust gas flow is generally throughcentral opening 122 fromflow diverter 125 toscreen 123. -
FIG. 5 b is a plan view of one embodiment offlow diverter 125. In this embodiment,flow diverter 125 includesannular frame member 128 which carries aplate 126 withopenings 127 extending therethrough.Plate 126 can have many different shapes and dimensions, but here it is circular and is dimensioned to coveropening 122. Further,openings 127 can have many different shapes and dimensions, but here they are circular with each having a diameter d. The exhaust gas flow throughplate 126 increases as the number ofopenings 127 increases and the exhaust gas flow decreases as the number of openings decrease. Further, the exhaust gas flow throughplate 126 increases as diameter d increases and the exhaust gas flow decreases as diameter d decreases. Diameter d is chosen to restrict the flow of the solid filtering agent and heat dissipation material throughplate 126. - It should be noted that exhaust filter member 131 (
FIG. 4 b) can be used asfilter members 120 a and/orheat dissipation member 120 b. Whenexhaust filter member 131 is used asfilter member 120 a, the solid filtering agent is positioned withinopening 122 and held therein byscreen 123 and flowdiverter 125.Openings 127 and the openings ofmesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the solid filtering agent therethrough. - When
exhaust filter member 131 is used asheat dissipation member 120 b, the heat dissipation material is positioned withinopening 122 and held therein byscreen 123 and flowdiverter 125.Openings 127 and the openings ofmesh 124 are shaped and dimensioned to restrict the flow of the heat dissipation material therethrough. It should be noted that, however, thatopenings 127 can be covered with a mesh, if desired. - It should also be noted that, in some embodiments,
hollow body member 121 can include alip 135 which extends around the outer periphery ofopening 122, as shown by asubstitution arrow 136.Lip 135 is shaped and dimensioned to receiveannular frame member 128.Body 121 can also include a lip (not shown) positioned on the opposed end ofbody 121 to receive the annular frame member ofscreens flow diverter 125 andscreens body 121 when they are coupled together. -
FIG. 6 a is an exploded view of anexhaust filter member 133, in accordance with the invention. It should be noted thatexhaust filter member 133 can be used asfilter member 120 a and/orheat dissipation member 120 b, as discussed above inFIGS. 4 a and 4 b. In this embodiment,exhaust filter member 133 includeshollow body member 121 withcentral opening 122 extending therethrough.Screen 123 is positioned at one end ofcentral opening 122 and aflow diverter 140 is positioned at its opposed end. In this embodiment,flow diverter 140 includes anannular plate 141 with acentral opening 145 covered bymesh 124.Annular plate 141 blocks the flow of the exhaust gas so it is diverted to flow throughcentral opening 145 andmesh 124. It should be noted that the exhaust gas flow throughbody 121 is generally fromflow diverter 140 toscreen 123. -
FIG. 6 b is an exploded view of anexhaust filter member 134, in accordance with the invention. It should be noted thatexhaust filter member 134 can be used asfilter member 120 a and/orheat dissipation member 120 b, as discussed above inFIGS. 4 a and 4 b. In this embodiment,exhaust filter member 134 includeshollow body member 121 withcentral opening 122 extending therethrough.Screen 123 a is positioned at one end ofcentral opening 122 and aflow diverter 142 is positioned at its opposed end. It should be noted that the exhaust gas flow is generally fromflow diverter 142 toscreen 123. In this embodiment,flow diverter 142 includesscreen 123 b and, in accordance with the invention, acircular plate 143 is positioned onmesh 124 ofscreen 123 b to form an outerannular opening 146 betweenplate 143 andannular frame 128. Outerannular opening 146 is best seen in a side view offlow diverter 142, as indicated by anindication arrow 144. Outerannular opening 146 is covered bymesh 124 ofscreen 123 b andplate 143 diverts the flow of the exhaust gas to it. - It should be noted that
exhaust filter 108 can be connected to exhaustpipes exhaust filter 108 is welded toexhaust pipes 107 and/or 109 and, in other embodiments,exhaust filter 108 andexhaust pipes exhaust filter 108 is removeably coupled withexhaust pipes -
FIG. 7 is a side view of anexhaust filter 108 which can be threadingly engaged withexhaust pipe 107, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,exhaust pipe 107 includesexhaust pipe portion 107 c andexhaust pipe portion 107 d.Exhaust filter 108 is connected toexhaust pipe portion 107 d, whereinexhaust pipe portion 107 d includesthreads 117 on its end opposed to filter 108.Exhaust pipe portion 107 c includesthreads 116, whereinthreads 117 can be threadingly engaged withthreads 116. In this way,filter 108 is connected toexhaust pipe 107 in a repeatably removeable manner. -
FIGS. 8 a and 8 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of anexhaust filter 160, in accordance with the invention, which can replaceexhaust filter 108.Exhaust filter 160 can be of many shapes, but here it has a rectangular cross-section and defines a cubic volume. In this embodiment,exhaust filter 160 includeshollow body members exhaust filter members Hollow body member 151 a is attached to exhaustpipes - As best seen in
FIG. 8 b,exhaust filter 160 includesexhaust flow paths members 151 a-151 e. Further,exhaust filter 160 includesexhaust flow path 163 which extends throughmember 151 e and connectsexhaust flow paths Exhaust flow paths sidewall 153 and the flow of exhaust gas throughpaths Exhaust flow path 163 extends through an opening (not shown) insidewall 153. -
Exhaust pipe 107 is connected to the end ofexhaust flow path 161 opposed toexhaust flow path 163 andexhaust pipe 109 is connected to the end ofexhaust flow path 162 opposed toexhaust flow path 163. In this way, exhaust gas flowing throughexhaust pipe 107 flows toexhaust flow path 163 throughexhaust flow path 161. Further, the exhaust gas flowing throughexhaust flow path 163 flows toexhaust pipe 109 throughexhaust flow path 162. - In accordance with the invention,
filter members exhaust flow paths Members 151 a-151 e can have many different configurations, several of which will be discussed in more detail presently. -
FIG. 9 a is an exploded perspective view of one embodiment ofhollow body member 151 a, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,hollow body member 151 a includesbody member 152 withopenings sidewall 153. It should be noted thatopenings flow paths Hollow body member 151 a includes asidewall 158 which extends perpendicular tosidewall 153.Sidewall 158 prevents exhaust gas flow through one end ofopenings sidewall 158 andhollow body 152 are shown here as being separate pieces, but they can be a single integrated piece in other embodiments. As mentioned above,exhaust pipes hollow body 152, and extend therethrough so they are in fluid communication withopenings exhaust flow paths -
FIG. 9 b is an exploded perspective view ofexhaust filter member 151, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,exhaust filter member 151 includesbody member 152 withopenings sidewall 153 positioned therebetween.Exhaust filter member 151 includes ascreen 150 positioned at one end ofopenings flow diverter 169 positioned at their opposed ends.Screen 150 and flowdiverter 169 are each single pieces which coveropenings screen 150 can be replaced by a smaller screen that covers only opening 154 or 155. Further,flow diverter 169 can be a smaller flow diverter that covers only opening 154 or 155. Examples of embodiments of smaller screens and flow diverters are shown inFIG. 9 c. -
Openings exhaust filter member 151 correspond to exhaustflow paths openings exhaust filter member 151 are in fluid communication withopenings hollow body member 151 a.Sidewall 153 ofexhaust filter member 151 is engaged withsidewall 153 ofhollow body member 151 a so they form a single sidewall which restricts the flow of exhaust gas betweenexhaust flow paths - In this embodiment,
screen 150 includes arectangular frame member 157 which carriesmesh 124. Further,flow diverter 169 includes arectangular frame member 164 which carries adiverter plate 165 withopenings 127 extending therethrough. It should be noted thatbody member 152 can include lips (not shown), such aslip 135, for receivingscreen 150 and flowdiverter 169. - It should also be noted that
exhaust filter member 151 can be extended to include additional openings inrectangular body 152, an example of which is indicated in phantom and designated as opening 154 a. An exhaust filter member that is extended to include additional openings would generally include additional sidewalls separating the openings. It should be noted that the number ofopenings hollow body member 151 a generally corresponds to the number ofopenings exhaust filter member 151. One such example of an exhaust filter member that has been extended to include additional openings is shown inFIGS. 10 a and 10 b. - In accordance with the invention,
exhaust filter member 151 can include the solid filtering agent and/or the heat dissipation material. For example, in one embodiment, the solid filtering agent is positioned inopenings screen 150 and flowdiverter 169. In this way,exhaust filter member 151 operates as an exhaust filter. In another embodiment, the heat dissipation material is positioned inopenings screen 150 and flowdiverter 169. In this way,exhaust filter member 151 operates as a heat dissipation member. It should be noted that the solid filtering agent can be positioned in opening 154 and the heat dissipation material can be positioned inopening 155. Further, the solid filtering agent can be positioned in opening 155 and the heat dissipation material can be positioned inopening 154. In this way,exhaust filter member 151 operates as both a filter and heat dissipation member. -
FIG. 9 c is an exploded perspective view of anexhaust filter member 156, in accordance with the invention, which includes smaller screens and flow diverters. In this embodiment,exhaust filter member 156 includes aflow diverter 184 that includes asquare frame 181 which carries asquare plate 185 withopenings 127 extending therethrough. Further,exhaust filter member 156 also includes asquare screen 183 with asquare frame 182 which carriesmesh 124. - In this embodiment,
screen 183 and flowdiverter 184 can be positioned in many ways. For example, flowdiverter 184 is engaged withscreen 183 and positioned at one end ofopenings flow diverter 184 is engaged with another one ofscreen 183 and they are positioned at the opposed end ofopenings screen 183 faces flow diverter 184 at opposed ends ofopenings screen 183 and flowdiverter 184 can be connected together so they form a single integral piece, as shown inFIG. 9 d. -
FIG. 9 e is an exploded perspective view ofhollow body member 151 e, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,hollow body member 151 e includeshollow body 152 withopenings sidewall 153.Openings flow paths Sidewall 153 includes anopening 159 so thatopenings opening 159 corresponds to exhaustflow path 163.Hollow body member 151 e includessidewall 158 positioned at one end ofopenings Sidewall 158 extends perpendicular to sidewall 153 and prevents exhaust gas flow through one end ofopenings sidewall 158 andhollow body 152 are shown here as being separate pieces, but they can be a single integrated piece in other embodiments. It should be noted that the number ofopenings hollow body member 151 e generally corresponds to the number ofopenings exhaust filter member 151. -
FIGS. 10 a and 10 b are perspective and plan views, respectively, of afilter 190, in accordance with the invention, which can replaceexhaust filter 108. In this embodiment,filter 190 has been extended to include additional openings, as denoted byrectangular bodies bodies rectangular body 152, but with a common sidewall. In this embodiment,exhaust pipe 107 extends throughsidewall 158 and is in fluid communication withexhaust flow path 161 a.Exhaust flow path 163 a extends throughsidewall 153 a so it connectsexhaust flow path 161 a toexhaust flow path 162 a. It should be noted thatexhaust flow paths flow paths FIG. 8 b. - An
exhaust flow path 163 c extends from the end ofexhaust flow path 162 a opposed toexhaust flow path 163 a and intorectangular body 152 b, where it is in fluid communication with anexhaust flow path 161 b.Exhaust flow path 161 b extends throughmembers 151 a-151 e ofbody 152 b, where it is in fluid communication with anexhaust flow path 163 b.Exhaust flow path 163 b extends through asidewall 153 b ofrectangular body 152 b and connectsexhaust flow path 161 b to anexhaust flow path 162 b.Exhaust flow path 162 b extends throughmembers 151 a-151 e where it connects to anexhaust flow path 163 d.Exhaust flow path 163 d extends from the end ofexhaust flow path 162 b opposed toexhaust flow path 163 b to anexhaust flow path 161 c.Exhaust flow path 161 c extends throughmembers 151 a-151 e where it connects to exhaustpipe 109.Exhaust pipe 109 extends throughsidewall 158 and is in fluid communication withexhaust flow path 161 c. -
Exhaust filter 190 can operate as a filtering and heat dissipation element in many different ways. In one embodiment, the solid filtering agent is positioned alongexhaust flow paths exhaust flow paths exhaust flow paths exhaust flow paths -
FIG. 11 a is a flowchart of amethod 200 of installing an exhaust filter, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,method 200 includes astep 201 of providing a vehicle with a vehicle exhaust system and amethod 202 of installing the exhaust filter with the vehicle exhaust system. The exhaust filter is coupled with the vehicle exhaust system so that it filters pollutants from exhaust gas generated from the operation of the vehicle. In some embodiments,method 200 includes replacing disposable filter members and heat dissipation members included with the exhaust filter. In some embodiments, the exhaust filter includes charcoal so that it is a charcoal filter. -
FIG. 11 b is a flowchart of amethod 210 of reducing the amount of pollution expelled by a vehicle, in accordance with the invention. In this embodiment,method 210 includes astep 211 of providing a vehicle having an engine coupled with a vehicle exhaust system. The vehicle exhaust system receives exhaust gas from the vehicle and expels it. In accordance with the invention, the vehicle exhaust system includes an exhaust filter in fluid communication with the vehicle engine through a catalytic converter.Method 210 includes astep 212 of operating the vehicle engine so that an engine exhaust gas flows to the catalytic converter. The catalytic converter converts the pollutants included with the vehicle exhaust gas to another chemical species and outputs a converter exhaust.Method 210 includes astep 213 of receiving the converter exhaust with the exhaust filter and outputting a filter exhaust. The filter exhaust includes fewer pollutants than the converter exhaust. In some embodiments,method 210 includes a step of flowing a portion of the converted exhaust to the vehicle engine so that it is used in the combustion process again. - The embodiments of the invention described herein are exemplary and numerous modifications, variations and rearrangements can be readily envisioned to achieve substantially equivalent results, all of which are intended to be embraced within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (20)
1. A vehicle exhaust system, comprising:
an exhaust pipe;
a catalytic converter connected to the exhaust pipe; and
a filter connected to the exhaust pipe downstream from the catalytic converter.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filter is a charcoal filter.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filter is threaded with the exhaust pipe.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filter includes two heat resistant material regions spaced from each other by a charcoal filter region.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filter includes first and second exhaust flow paths, the first and second exhaust flow paths being in opposed directions.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the filter includes filter and heat dissipation members.
7. A vehicle exhaust system, comprising:
a catalytic converter;
a disposable filter
an exhaust pipe connected between the catalytic converter and disposable filter, the disposable filter filtering exhaust from the catalytic converter.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the filter includes charcoal.
9. The system of claim 8 , wherein the charcoal is activated charcoal.
10. The system of claim 7 , wherein the filter is threadingly engaged with the exhaust pipe.
11. The system of claim 7 , wherein the filter includes two heat resistant material regions spaced from each other by a charcoal filter region.
12. The system of claim 7 , wherein the filter includes first and second exhaust flow paths, the first and second exhaust flow paths being in opposed directions.
13. The system of claim 7 , wherein the filter includes a flow diverter.
14. A vehicle, comprising:
a catalytic converter which receives an engine exhaust from a vehicle engine;
an exhaust filter which receives a converter exhaust from the catalytic converter and filters it to provide a filter exhaust.
15. The vehicle of claim 14 , further including an exhaust pipe which flows a portion of the converter exhaust to an air intake of the vehicle engine.
16. The vehicle of claim 14 , wherein the catalytic converter removes a first amount of particulates from the engine exhaust and the charcoal filter removes a second amount of particulates from the converter exhaust.
17. The vehicle of claim 14 , further including a flow rate adjuster which adjusts the flow rate of the converter exhaust.
18. The vehicle of claim 14 , wherein the charcoal filter is connected to the exhaust pipe in a repeatably removeable manner.
19. The vehicle of claim 14 , wherein the exhaust filter includes charcoal.
20. The vehicle of claim 14 , wherein the charcoal filter includes alternating filter regions and heat dissipation material regions.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US13/018,206 US20110120101A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2011-01-31 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11/765,601 US7877989B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
US13/018,206 US20110120101A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2011-01-31 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/765,601 Continuation US7877989B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20110120101A1 true US20110120101A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
Family
ID=43501836
Family Applications (2)
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US11/765,601 Expired - Fee Related US7877989B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
US13/018,206 Abandoned US20110120101A1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2011-01-31 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US11/765,601 Expired - Fee Related US7877989B1 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2007-06-20 | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US9981218B2 (en) | 2015-12-01 | 2018-05-29 | Ma'an Nassar Raja Al-Ani | Nanoparticle purifying system |
WO2018231048A1 (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2018-12-20 | Golden Lungs B.V. | Exhaust gas filter |
CN110173327A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2019-08-27 | 北京纳米能源与系统研究所 | Rub electric particlate trap system, transportation exhaust device |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7877989B1 (en) * | 2007-06-20 | 2011-02-01 | Billy Kirsch | Filter for vehicle exhaust system |
AU2016259419B2 (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2020-12-10 | Parker-Hannifin Corporation | Engine Panel Filter and Housing System |
US11174774B2 (en) * | 2018-10-27 | 2021-11-16 | Imagine Tf, Llc | Structures for catalytic converters |
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US7877989B1 (en) | 2011-02-01 |
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