CN101530828A - Method for purifying air pollutants of roads and tunnels - Google Patents
Method for purifying air pollutants of roads and tunnels Download PDFInfo
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- CN101530828A CN101530828A CN200910047424A CN200910047424A CN101530828A CN 101530828 A CN101530828 A CN 101530828A CN 200910047424 A CN200910047424 A CN 200910047424A CN 200910047424 A CN200910047424 A CN 200910047424A CN 101530828 A CN101530828 A CN 101530828A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for purifying air pollutants of roads and tunnels. The method is characterized by comprising electrostatic dust collection used for removing particles, normal temperature CO catalytic oxidation used for purifying carbon monoxide (CO) and integration of absorption /catalytic purification of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and hydrocarbon (HC). The method can effectively reduce particles, CO, NOx and HC in the air of the tunnels simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that tunnel air pollutant purifies that is used for, comprise electrostatic precipitation, carbon monoxide (CO) room-temperature catalytic oxidation, hydrocarbon (HC) and oxynitrides (NOx) absorption/catalytic purification.This method is used for tunnel air pollutant and purifies, simultaneously purifying and stive, CO, HC and NOx.
Background technology
Roads and tunnels is a semi-closed structure, ventilation condition is poor, its air pollutants are mainly by dust, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon and oxynitrides, wherein dust is mainly derived from floating dust, dust storm and automotive emission (as the soot suspended particulate of emission of diesel engine), and CO, HC and NOx are mainly derived from automotive emission.These pollutants will directly have influence on the driving safety of driver and crew's healthy and vehicle.
Both at home and abroad tunnel air pollutant being purified main the employing building the upper-level winds tower at the tunnel exit place carries out big air quantity high-altitude exhaust ventilation and improves air quality in the tunnel.Though the processing method of high altitude discharge can effectively reduce the air pollution in the tunnel, but it only is the physics dilution, but not purification treatment, by diffusion wait effect with pollutant distribution in the atmospheric environment around the tunnel, will constitute the harm that continues to peripheral residents ' health and ecological environment.In addition, when the tunnel was positioned at the center in city or place, traffic main artery, tunnel exit place building was intensive, the density of population is big, and tunnel air pollutant can cause bigger harm to the environment of floss hole periphery and people healthy.
External some tunnel carries out dust removal process by dust arrester at exhaust outlet in order to control exhaust chimney environmental pollution on every side before the air discharging, reduce the influence of particle to surrounding enviroment.For long tunnel, then add the side line tunnel at tunnel internal, reduce particle content by installing dust arrester in the side line tunnel additional, improve air quality in the tunnel.External some tunnel has also adopted denitrification apparatus to reduce the content of NOx in the air.Domestic roads and tunnels all adopts is that the mode of high-altitude exhaust ventilation improves the air quality in the tunnel, to pollutant without purification.
State, inside and outside other two class major pollutants CO and HC in the tunnel air are not all taked purified treatment.
Eliminate the particle in the tunnel air, electrostatic precipitation is an otherwise effective technique the most, and the tunnel major part that adopts electrostatic precipitator technology to subdue particle at present is positioned at Europe and Japan.According to demands such as the size in tunnel, Design of ventilation, institute's required airflows, state's outer tunnel electrostatic precipitator is installed and is generally taked large-scale independent machine room arrangement, tunnel side line arrangement and tunnel top arrangement.And China also is not applied to electrostatic precipitator to eliminate at present the example of particle in the tunnel.
With respect to electrostatic precipitator technology, NOx purification techniques more complicated, and technology full maturity not also, foreign technology only is confined to remove the NO among the NOx
2, and very few to the research of effectively subduing of other NOx.The CentraI CircularShinjyuka Tunnel (10km) and Norway Laerdal Tunnel (24.5km) of Japan have adopted denitrification apparatus to reduce the discharging of NOx.Its principle mainly is an absorption process.Take off NO as Japanese Matsushita Electric Industrial
2Technology is that potassium hydroxide is carried on activated carbon or the gypsum, utilizes itself and NO
2Carry out chemical reaction with NO, thereby reach the purpose of denitration.Under laboratory condition, can remove NO and the about NO in the 0.1ppm scope in about 0.9ppm scope
2, working as volume space velocity by estimation is 19000h
-1The time, can use 8 months.China also is not applied to denitrification apparatus to eliminate at present the example of NOx in the tunnel.
State, inside and outside other two class major pollutants CO and HC in the tunnel air are not all taked purified treatment.
Indulge the above, exploitation can be cut down the tunnel air pollutant purification techniques of particle, CO, HC and NOx simultaneously, not only can improve the quality of air in the tunnel, can also effectively improve the air quality of tunnel exit surrounding area.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of tunnel air pollutant purification techniques that can cut down particle, CO, HC and NOx before the tunnel air pollutant discharging simultaneously simultaneously, to satisfy the requirement that improves tunnel internal and tunnel exit surrounding area air quality.
The present invention mainly comprises: at first the particle in the tunnel air pollutant is purified through electrostatic precipitation; Be harmless carbon dioxide (CO with CO (temperature throughout the year, humidity etc.) catalytic oxidation under environmental condition again
2), HC and NOx handle through absorption/concentrated/catalytic purification and are converted into harmless water and carbon dioxide, finally reach the purpose that tunnel air pollutant purifies simultaneously.Wherein particle can carry out the purification that CO purifies, carries out HC and NOx more earlier after electrostatic precipitation purifies, and also can carry out the purification of HC and NOx earlier, carries out CO again and purifies.
The schematic diagram of tunnel air pollutant purification method is seen accompanying drawing.
In above-mentioned steps:
Electrostatic precipitation comprises high-pressure modular, bulky grain filtering module, electronic dust-collecting module, ultrafine dust adsorption module, self-cleaning system etc.
It is to adopt large scale, clear opening monoblock type CO oxidation catalyst that CO is oxidized to CO under environmental condition that CO purifies
2The active component of said CO oxidation catalyst comprises one or more among Pt, Au, Pd, Rh, Ru, Cu, the Mn, and carrier comprises one or more in integral honeycomb ceramic monolith, integral type metal carrier, integral alumina carrier, monoblock type molecular sieve carrier, monoblock type absorbent charcoal carrier, monoblock type NACF carrier, the monoblock type clay carrier.
Absorption/catalytic purification of HC is to adopt the monoblock type sorbing material at first HC to be absorbed, when reach absorption saturated after, the method that adopts desorption is got off HC desorption from the sorbing material, the mode of catalytic purification is oxidized to CO with HC then
2And water.Said HC sorbing material comprises one or more in the porous adsorbing materials such as active carbon, NACF, molecular sieve and Alusil.Can carry out surface modification to above-mentioned sorbing material in order to improve adsorptive selectivity.The active component of said HC catalyst for catalytic purifying comprises one or more among Pd, Pt, Rh, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Au, the Ag, and carrier comprises one or more in integral honeycomb ceramic monolith, integral type metal carrier, integral alumina carrier, monoblock type molecular sieve carrier, monoblock type absorbent charcoal carrier, monoblock type NACF carrier, the monoblock type clay carrier.
Absorption/catalytic purification of NOx is to adopt the monoblock type sorbing material at first NOx to be absorbed, when reach absorption saturated after, the method that adopts desorption is got off NOx desorption from the sorbing material, the mode of catalytic reduction is converted into N with NOx then
2Said NOx sorbing material comprises more than one in the porous adsorbing materials such as active carbon, NACF, molecular sieve and Alusil.Can carry out surface modification to above-mentioned sorbing material in order to improve adsorptive selectivity.The active component of said NOx catalytic reduction catalysts comprises one or more among Pd, Pt, Rh, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Au, the Ag, and carrier comprises more than one in integral honeycomb ceramic monolith, integral type metal carrier, integral alumina carrier, monoblock type molecular sieve carrier, monoblock type absorbent charcoal carrier, monoblock type NACF carrier, the monoblock type clay carrier.
Absorption/catalytic purification of HC and NOx also can adsorb on a kind of sorbing material simultaneously, after wherein one or both pollutants (HC and NOx) reach capacity, the method that adopts desorption is got off adsorbed HC and NOx desorption from the sorbing material, adopts the method for catalyzed conversion that HC and NOx are converted into CO simultaneously then
2, H
2O and N
2Said HC, NOx sorbing material comprise one or more in the porous adsorbing materials such as active carbon, NACF, molecular sieve and Alusil.Can carry out surface modification to above-mentioned sorbing material in order to improve adsorptive selectivity.The active component of said HC, NOx catalytic converting catalyst comprises one or more among Pd, Pt, Rh, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mn, Au, the Ag, and carrier comprises one or more in integral honeycomb ceramic monolith, integral type metal carrier, integral alumina carrier, monoblock type molecular sieve carrier, monoblock type absorbent charcoal carrier, monoblock type NACF carrier, the monoblock type clay carrier.
Embodiment
Utilize the tail gas of engine (gasoline engine and diesel engine) to simulate the composition of tunnel air, having carried out air quantity is 1000m
3The cleaning test of/h.Purifier inlet pollutant levels are PM :～9mg/m
3CO :～42ppm; NO :～1ppm; NO
2:～5ppm; NOx :～6ppm; THC (THC) :～7ppm.Behind electrostatic precipitation, CO oxidation, NOx and HC absorption/catalytic purification, purifier outlet pollutant levels are respectively: PM:0.18mg/m
3CO :～6ppm; NO :～0.1ppm; NO
2:～0.05ppm; NOx :～0.15ppm; THC :～4.2ppm, corresponding purification efficiency is: PM 〉=98%; CO 〉=85%; NO 〉=90%; NO
2〉=99%; NOx 〉=95%; THC 〉=40%.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing is a tunnel air pollutant purification method schematic diagram.
Claims (7)
1, a kind of method that is used for the air pollutants of roads and tunnels purification is characterized in that eliminating the airborne dust of roads and tunnels, CO, NOx and HC simultaneously, is made up of collection electrostatic precipitation, CO room-temperature catalytic oxidation, NOx and HC absorption/catalytic purification unit.
2,, it is characterized in that particle is removed by the mode of electrostatic precipitation in the tunnel air pollutant according to claim 1; CO in the tunnel air pollutant makes it be converted into CO by the method for room-temperature catalytic oxidation
2, reach CO and purify; NOx makes it by adsorbing or be converted into N under the effect of catalyst by the method for absorption/catalytic purification in the tunnel air pollutant
2Reach the purification of NOx; HC in the tunnel air pollutant reaches the purification of HC by the method for absorption/catalytic purification.
3,, it is characterized in that and to purify when reaching dust and NOx by electrostatic precipitation and NOx absorption/catalytic purification according to claim 1.
4, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that can be by electrostatic precipitation and CO normal temperature oxidation, purifies when reaching in the tunnel air dust and CO.
5, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that passing through electrostatic precipitation, NOx absorption/catalytic purification and CO room-temperature catalytic oxidation, purify when reaching dust, NOx and CO.
6, according to claim 1, it is characterized in that passing through electrostatic precipitation, absorption/catalytic purification of CO normal temperature oxidation, NOx and absorption/catalytic purification of HC purify when reaching dust in the tunnel air, CO, NOx and HC.
7, according to claim 2, the purification efficiency that it is characterized in that particle in the tunnel air pollutant is 60～99.9%; The purification efficiency of CO is 10～99% in the tunnel air pollutant; The purification efficiency of NOx is 10～99% in the tunnel air pollutant; The purification efficiency of HC is 10～99% in the tunnel air pollutant.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910047424A CN101530828A (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2009-03-12 | Method for purifying air pollutants of roads and tunnels |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN200910047424A CN101530828A (en) | 2009-03-12 | 2009-03-12 | Method for purifying air pollutants of roads and tunnels |
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| CN101530828A true CN101530828A (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102500214A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 谢飞鸿 | Method for removing harmful gas and dust on driving face of tunnel |
| CN104759184A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-08 | 东华大学 | Air purification comprehensive testing device for tunnel or subway |
| CN104941425A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-30 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air purification device, air purification method and application of air purification method |
| CN104984643A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-21 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Purifier for regional pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust |
| CN106530187A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | Method and device for operating a motor vehicle |
| CN110513176A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 南京正森环保科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy-duty diesel vehicle exhaust gas cleaner |
| CN111569602A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Safe and efficient core volatile pollutant removing and purifying device |
| CN111992036A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-27 | 隋国刚 | Tail gas trapper based on car tunnel pollution control technique |
| CN112423861A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2021-02-26 | 奥迪股份公司 | Utilization of nitrogen oxides from ambient air |
-
2009
- 2009-03-12 CN CN200910047424A patent/CN101530828A/en active Pending
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102500214A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 谢飞鸿 | Method for removing harmful gas and dust on driving face of tunnel |
| CN104759184A (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2015-07-08 | 东华大学 | Air purification comprehensive testing device for tunnel or subway |
| CN104941425A (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2015-09-30 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Air purification device, air purification method and application of air purification method |
| CN104984643A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-10-21 | 上海纳米技术及应用国家工程研究中心有限公司 | Purifier for regional pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust |
| CN106530187A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-22 | 福特全球技术公司 | Method and device for operating a motor vehicle |
| CN106530187B (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2022-06-03 | 福特全球技术公司 | Method and device for operating a motor vehicle |
| CN112423861A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2021-02-26 | 奥迪股份公司 | Utilization of nitrogen oxides from ambient air |
| US11826693B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2023-11-28 | Audi Ag | Utilization of nitrogen oxides from ambient air |
| CN110513176B (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2020-07-03 | 南京正森环保科技有限公司 | Tail gas purification device for heavy diesel vehicle |
| CN110513176A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 南京正森环保科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy-duty diesel vehicle exhaust gas cleaner |
| CN111569602A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-25 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Safe and efficient core volatile pollutant removing and purifying device |
| CN111569602B (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2022-10-04 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Safe and efficient core volatile pollutant removing and purifying device |
| CN111992036A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2020-11-27 | 隋国刚 | Tail gas trapper based on car tunnel pollution control technique |
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Open date: 20090916 |