US20110084028A1 - Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions - Google Patents

Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20110084028A1
US20110084028A1 US12/576,839 US57683909A US2011084028A1 US 20110084028 A1 US20110084028 A1 US 20110084028A1 US 57683909 A US57683909 A US 57683909A US 2011084028 A1 US2011084028 A1 US 2011084028A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
water
layer
hydrocarbon
media
drops
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/576,839
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Christine M. STANFEL
Farina Diani PANGESTU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ahlstrom Corp
Original Assignee
Ahlstrom Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ahlstrom Corp filed Critical Ahlstrom Corp
Priority to US12/576,839 priority Critical patent/US20110084028A1/en
Assigned to AHLSTROM CORPORATION reassignment AHLSTROM CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: PANGESTU, FARINA DIANI, STANFEL, CHRISTINE M.
Priority to BR112012007819-4A priority patent/BR112012007819B1/pt
Priority to CN201080045414.6A priority patent/CN102665844B/zh
Priority to CA2775013A priority patent/CA2775013C/en
Priority to MX2012003788A priority patent/MX2012003788A/es
Priority to EP10779024.8A priority patent/EP2485823B1/en
Priority to RU2012118764/05A priority patent/RU2540305C2/ru
Priority to ES10779024.8T priority patent/ES2629866T3/es
Priority to KR1020127008817A priority patent/KR101797477B1/ko
Priority to PCT/FI2010/050777 priority patent/WO2011042605A1/en
Priority to JP2012532636A priority patent/JP2013507235A/ja
Publication of US20110084028A1 publication Critical patent/US20110084028A1/en
Priority to US13/283,553 priority patent/US8177984B2/en
Priority to US13/445,707 priority patent/US8747668B2/en
Priority to US13/460,560 priority patent/US8524081B2/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G33/06—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with mechanical means, e.g. by filtration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/24—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by water separating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/04—Additives and treatments of the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0414—Surface modifiers, e.g. comprising ion exchange groups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/0604—Arrangement of the fibres in the filtering material
    • B01D2239/0618—Non-woven
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/06—Filter cloth, e.g. knitted, woven non-woven; self-supported material
    • B01D2239/065—More than one layer present in the filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1291—Other parameters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
    • C10G2300/1011—Biomass
    • C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
    • C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
    • C10G2300/30—Physical properties of feedstocks or products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
    • C10G2400/04—Diesel oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
    • Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
    • Y10S210/05—Coalescer

Definitions

  • the embodiments disclosed herein relate generally to separation media and methods for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein relate to separation of water from a water-hydrocarbon fuel (e.g., diesel fuel) emulsion.
  • a water-hydrocarbon fuel e.g., diesel fuel
  • a coalescence media is therefore typically considered to be functionally successful for breaking a given emulsion if the discontinuous phase preferentially adsorbs or is repelled and if the droplet phase has been coalesced into drops at the point of exit from the media that are sufficiently large to allow their separation from the continuous phase. Typically, the drops separate from the continuous phase as a function of density differences between the liquids involved. Conversely, a coalescence media is considered to be functionally unsuccessful for breaking an emulsion if the drops remain sufficiently small at the point of exit from the media that they remain entrained by the continuous phase and fail to separate.
  • a decrease in hydrocarbon interfacial tension occurs when the hydrocarbon is dosed with surfactants.
  • one root cause of prior art fibrous, porous coalescence media failure in sub-25 interfacial tension hydrocarbons is the presence of increased surfactancy.
  • emulsion separation requires more complex systems that often involve nested pleated elements, flow path controllers, wraps, and stilling chambers.
  • the prior art is replete with examples of complex systems designed to manage difficult to separate water-hydrocarbon emulsions. Therefore the need for a universal media capable of emulsion separation irrespective of hydrocarbon-water interfacial tension or surfactant content is clear in the face of such complexity.
  • surfactants are molecules that contain both hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. When present in a hydrocarbon-water mixture, surfactants align at interfaces with the hydrophilic head group associated with the water-like phase, and the hydrophobic tail extended into the oil-like phase. This is the lowest energy conformation of the surfactant, and it results in depressed hydrocarbon-water interfacial tension. As a result of depressed interfacial tension, a given increment of input energy to the hydrocarbon-water mixture will result in a higher interface surface area in the presence of a surfactant. Interface surface area is inversely proportional to discontinuous phase drop size.
  • Biodiesel is a blend of fatty acid methyl esters derived from caustic catalyzed methanol esterification of plant and animal triglycerides. Biodiesel is a surfactant, and fuel blends containing as little as 2% biodiesel have interfacial tensions well below 25 dynes/cm. As a result, the fuel pool available for non-gasoline transportation and power generation is rapidly transitioning to an interfacial tension region where prior art fuel-water emulsion separation media fail to remove water from the hydrocarbon.
  • any fibrous, porous coalescence media may be part of a multi-layered media structure where some of the layers perform functions other than emulsion separation. In such cases, the layers may or may not be laminated together.
  • Reasons to employ multiple layers can be due to media integrity concerns and/or filtration needs.
  • Relative to media integrity multiple layers are used to support the fibrous, porous coalescence media or the composite structure, to protect the fibrous, porous coalescence media from high speed rotary pleaters, and to protect the end use from possible migration of fibers from other media layers.
  • Relative to filtration needs multiple layers are used to add filtration capabilities such as particle removal, dirt holding, or impurity adsorption to coalescing performance.
  • Impurities may consist of asphaltenes, organic moieties, salts, ions, or metals.
  • a layer on the downstream side of the coalescing media in a multi-functional filtration media is required.
  • Coalescing media must therefore function to enlarge micron sized droplets of water found in high surfactant content water-hydrocarbon emulsions into millimeter sized coalesced water drops which can gravimetrically settle out of the dry hydrocarbon flow.
  • any coalescing layer in a multi-layered media can be dramatically reduced by media that is conventionally used on the downstream side of the coalescing layer.
  • conventional media situated on the downstream side of a coalescing layer include phenolic resin saturated cellulose wet laid media, polyester meltblown, spunbond, and meltblown-spunbond composites, and nylon spunbond.
  • Such conventional media can and does dramatically reduce the coalescing function of the coalescence media in high surfactant-containing hydrocarbons.
  • the performance reduction that can be manifested through use of such conventional media downstream of a coalescing layer can be between about 50 to 100% of emulsified water remaining in the hydrocarbon and thereby being passed on to the hydrocarbon's end use due to reduction in droplet size of the previously coalesced water droplets.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein provide for separation media for separating water from a water and hydrocarbon emulsion comprising a fibrous nonwoven coalescence layer for receiving the water and hydrocarbon emulsion and coalescing the water present therein as a discontinuous phase to achieve coalesced water droplets having a size of 1 mm or greater, and a fibrous nonwoven drop retention layer downstream of the coalescence layer having a high BET surface area of at least 90 m 2 /g or greater sufficient to retain the size of the coalesced water droplets to allow separation thereof from the hydrocarbon.
  • the drop retention layer of the separation media will have a high BET surface area of at least 95 m 2 /g, more preferably at least 100 m 2 /g, or greater.
  • the drop retention layer may comprise a mixture of fibers having a high BET surface area and fibers having a low BET surface area and/or may comprise a resin binder. If a resin binder is provided, it most preferably includes a polar chemical group.
  • the separation media may comprise at least one additional layer positioned between the coalescence and drop retention layers.
  • at least one additional layer may be positioned upstream and/or downstream of the drop retention layer to provide the separation media with desired physical properties.
  • Modules for separating water from a water and hydrocarbon emulsion may be provided having a housing provided with an inlet for the emulsion and respective outlets for water and dewatered hydrocarbon, the housing being provided with a separation media therein.
  • the separation media provided in the housing preferably comprises a fibrous nonwoven coalescence layer for receiving the water and hydrocarbon emulsion and coalescing the water present therein as a discontinuous phase to achieve coalesced water droplets having a size of 1 mm or greater, and a fibrous nonwoven drop retention layer downstream of the coalescence layer having a high BET surface area of at least 90 m 2 /g or greater sufficient to retain the size of the coalesced water droplets to allow separation thereof from the hydrocarbon.
  • the embodiments disclosed herein provide for methods to separate water from a water and hydrocarbon emulsion by passing a water and hydrocarbon emulsion through a fibrous nonwoven coalescence layer so as to coalesce the water present therein as a discontinuous phase to achieve coalesced water droplets having a size of 1 mm or greater, and then passing the hydrocarbon and coalesced water droplets though a downstream droplet retention layer having a high BET surface area of at least 90 m 2 /g or greater sufficient to retain the size of the coalesced water droplets.
  • the coalesced water droplets may then be separated from the hydrocarbon (e.g., by the density differences therebetween).
  • Preferably at least 90 wt. % of the water in the emulsion is coalesced into water droplets having a size of 1 mm or greater by the coalescence layer.
  • the hydrocarbon has an interfacial tension ( ⁇ ) of less than 25 dynes/cm (i.e., a sub-25 hydrocarbon).
  • the hydrocarbon may thus be a liquid fuel (e.g., a biodiesel fuel) which comprises a surfactant.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water-hydrocarbon separation system that embodies the separation media of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the separation media according to the present invention as taken along line 2 - 2 in FIG. 1 .
  • a “water-hydrocarbon emulsion” is an emulsified mixture of immiscible water and hydrocarbon liquids.
  • Fiber means a fibrous or filamentary strand of extreme or indefinite length.
  • “Staple fiber” means a fiber which has been cut to definite, relatively short, segments of predetermined individual lengths.
  • Fiber means a material that is composed predominantly of fiber and/or staple fiber.
  • Non-woven means a collection of fibers and/or staple fibers in a web or mat which are randomly mechanically interlocked and/or entangled with one another.
  • Synthetic fiber and/or “man-made fiber” refers to chemically produced fiber made from fiber-forming substances including polymers synthesized from chemical compounds and modified or transformed natural polymer. Such fibers may be produced by conventional melt-spinning, solution-spinning and like filament production techniques.
  • a “natural fiber” is a fiber that obtained from animal, mineral or vegetable origins.
  • BET surface area means the surface area (m 2 ) per unit weight (g) of a solid material calculated generally according to Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) methodology as described more fully in S. Brunauer et al, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1938, 60, 309 (the entire content of which is expressly incorporated hereinto by reference), except that water vapor at 21° C. was employed. (See also the description of the Test Methods in the Examples below.)
  • High BET means a material having a BET surface area of 90 m 2 /g or greater, more preferably a BET surface area of 95 m 2 /g or greater, and most preferably a BET surface area of 100 m 2 /g or greater.
  • Low BET means a material having a BET surface area of less than 90 m 2 /g.
  • a “sub-25 hydrocarbon” is a liquid hydrocarbon having an interfacial tension ( ⁇ ) of less than 25 dynes/cm.
  • FIG. 1 schematically depicts an exemplary module 10 that embodies the present invention.
  • the module 10 is provided with a housing 12 having an inlet 12 - 1 through which a liquid flow of a fuel and water emulsion can be introduced.
  • the housing 12 also includes outlets 12 - 2 and 12 - 3 to allow flows of dewatered (dry) fuel and water, respectively, to be discharged from the housing following separation.
  • the housing 12 includes an interior space 12 - 4 for holding a separation media 14 .
  • the separation media 14 is in the form of a generally cylindrical structure comprised of a number of longitudinally oriented pleats. Other structural forms of the separation media 14 are of course possible, for example, spirally wound sheets.
  • the fuel/water emulsion thus enters the core 14 - 1 of the media 14 and then passes therethrough. As is well known, due to density differences, the coalesced water collects at the bottom of the housing and is discharged therefrom through the outlet 12 - 3 . The dewatered (dry) fuel is in turn discharged through the outlet 12 - 2 .
  • the separation media 14 is a multilayer structure comprised of at least a fibrous nonwoven coalescence layer 16 positioned upstream of a fibrous nonwoven drop retention layer 18 .
  • the coalescence layer 16 and the drop retention layer may be positioned immediately adjacent one another and may if desired be physically laminated or physically connected to one another (e.g., by any suitable technique known in the art such as needle punching, adhesives, air jet entanglement and the like).
  • one or more intermediate layers 20 may optionally be interposed between the upstream coalescence layer 16 and the downstream drop retention layer 18 .
  • the various layers 16 , 18 and optionally 20 may likewise be physically adjacent one another or may be laminated or otherwise connected to one another by any suitable technique known in the art.
  • one or more face layers 22 may be provided upstream of the coalescence layer 16
  • one or more backing layers 24 may be provided downstream of the drop retention layer 18 .
  • Layers 20 , 22 and 24 are selected for various functional attributes and do not necessarily need to be nonwoven structures. Of course, such additional layers 20 , 22 and/or 24 must not affect adversely the drop retention functionality of the drop retention layer 18 .
  • the coalescence media layer may be a single layer or a multi-layered structure.
  • a preferred embodiment is a tri-layer structure having an upstream layer, a coalescing layer in an intermediate position, and a downstream drop retention layer.
  • the drop retention layer may be laminated with the coalescing media layer into a single separation media sheet.
  • the upstream layer may be a filter layer or a second layer of the coalescence media.
  • the upstream layer of the media is preferably provided for particle filtration and/or to support the structure and/or to physically protect the drop retention layer 18 . Tests indicated the nature of the upstream nonwoven exerted some influence over the coalescing performance of the composite. Results reported here include samples involving five separate upstream support layers. Upstream layers were selected for maximized coalesced drop size and specific filtration needs, such as dirt holding capacity, asphaltene adsorption, and particle removal efficiency.
  • the coalescence layer 16 of the separation media 14 may be of any suitable type.
  • the coalescing layer is selected to coalesce an aqueous discontinuous phase of the fuel and water emulsion on the order of 0.01-500 micrometers into discrete water droplets which have sizes of at least about 1 millimeter up to about 10 millimeters. This coalescence of the aqueous discontinuous phase into discrete water droplets occurs as the emulsion passes through the coalescing layer 16 .
  • the coalescing layer 16 presents high surface area for adsorption of water, creating a longer path length for water than other emulsion components. This difference in path length translates to differing elution times for water and other emulsion components, which results in phase enrichment and water coalescence. Separation of the water out of the emulsion occurs when coalesced aqueous drops gravimetrically settle out of the flow as it exits the downstream side of the media. Settling occurs because water is denser than hydrocarbons. In order to settle effectively in a flowing system, coalesced water drops must often overcome the flow of purified hydrocarbon, which in many cases, is counter to the motion of the drops. As such, the size of the water drops is critical to the success of the coalescence media. Successful separation is favored by larger water drops.
  • One particularly preferred media that may be employed satisfactorily as the coalescing layer 16 is described in the US '864 application cited above.
  • the drop retention layer 18 is a fibrous nonwoven material that exhibits high BET surface area, that is a BET surface area that is at least 80% of 90 m 2 /g or greater, more preferably a BET surface area of 95 m 2 /g or greater, and most preferably a BET surface area of 100 m 2 /g or greater.
  • the principal function of the drop retention layer is to prevent re-emulsification of the coalesced water droplets obtained by the upstream coalescence layer 16 , especially for sub-25 hydrocarbons.
  • the coalesced water droplets will retained their coalesced size of at least 1 mm or greater. In other words, the drop retention layer 18 will prevent size degradation of the coalesced water droplets achieved by the coalescence layer 16 .
  • the drop retention layer can be formed of virtually any fiber that possesses or can be modified to possess a high BET surface area.
  • fibers to form the drop retention layers are natural fibers, such as cellulose or cellulose-based fibers (e.g., fibers of wood or plant origin), cotton fibers, wool fibers, silk fibers, rayon fibers and the like.
  • Synthetic fibers formed of fiber-forming polymeric materials may also be employed such as fibers formed of polyesters, polyamides (e.g., nylon 6, nylon 6,6, nylon 6,12 and the like), polyolefins, polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • the drop retention layer 18 may be a mixture of fibers having a high BET surface area and fibers having a low BET surface area.
  • the high BET surface area fibers be present in an amount of at least about 59 wt. %, more preferably at least about 65 wt. % of high BET surface area fibers, with the balance being low BET surface area fibers.
  • the drop retention layer 18 will comprise between about 59 wt. % to 100 wt. %, preferably between about 65 wt. % to 100 wt. %, of high BET surface area fibers.
  • such ranges are presently preferred embodiments of the invention since virtually any mixture of high and low BET surface area fibers can be employed satisfactorily provided that the overall nonwoven media exhibits high BET surface area properties.
  • the drop retention layer 18 may optionally be provided with a binder resin so as to impart increased mechanical strength provided that the resin does not adversely affect the BET surface area of the nonwoven drop retention layer 18 . If employed, it is preferred that the binder resin be one that possess a polar chemical group so as to facilitate water adsorption and hence water separation from the emulsion.
  • Suitable binder resins that may be satisfactorily employed in the drop retention layer include, but are not limited to, phenolformaldehyde resins, polycarbonate resins, poly(acrylic acid) resins, poly(methacrylic acid) resins, polyoxide resins, polysulfide resins, polysulfone resins, polyamide resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, polyimide resins, poly(vinyl acetate) resins, poly(vinyl alcohol) resins, poly(vinyl chloride) resins, poly(vinyl pyridine) resins, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) resins, as well as copolymers and combinations or blends thereof.
  • the drop retention layer may be apertured or patterned (embossed) using techniques well known to those in the art. Alternatively or additionally, the drop retention layer may be treated by other suitable techniques to achieve a form suitable for its intended end use application.
  • the drop retention layer may be corrugated, creped, calendered, printed, micrexed and the like.
  • the basis weights of the coalescence layer 16 and the drop retention layers are not critical.
  • the coalescence layer 16 and/or the drop retention layer 18 may have a basis weight of at least about 15 grams per square meter (gsm), more preferably at least about 35 gsm up to about 300 gsm.
  • Some embodiments of the coalescence layer 16 may possess a basis weight of between about 35 up to about 110 gsm.
  • the optional intermediate layer(s) 20 and facing layers 22 , 24 may be any sheet-like material that is chosen for a desired function.
  • the layers 20 , 22 and/or 24 may be selected so as to provide particulate filtration (e.g., so as to trap loose fibers and other particulate contaminants present in the liquid emulsion), in addition or alternatively to provide structural support and/or protection of the coalescence layer 16 and/or drop retention layer 18 .
  • the layers 20 , 22 and/or 24 therefore need not be formed of a fibrous material but could be polymeric or metallic sheets or meshes that fulfill the desired function. Suffice it to say that the skilled person in this art can envision various multilayer structures that possess the desired functional attributes for a given end use application provided that water is capable of being separated from a water and fuel emulsion.
  • Adsorption isotherms used for application of BET method were determined through gravimetric measurement of water uptake by each downstream layer using the following procedure.
  • Tri-layer composites were tested as separation media for separating water from a liquid emulsion of water and hydrocarbon fuel and comprised an upstream layer (UL), a coalescing layer (CL) and a downstream layer (DL) in that order relative to the flow direction of the emulsion.
  • the media employed as the upstream layer (UL), the coalescing layer (CL) and the downstream layer (DL) in the Examples are identified by the codes in Tables 1, 2 and 3, respectively, below.
  • the layers employed in the tri-layer composites tested were also selected for one or more functional attributes that are identified by the function codes in Table 4 below:
  • Samples were tested in a flat sheet fuel-water separator bench test rig that models the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J1488 test.
  • the test rig consisted of an emulsification loop and a test loop.
  • 0.25% (2500 ppm) distilled deionized water was emulsified at 26-30° Celsius into fuel using a Gould's 1MC1E4CO Mechanically Coupled 0.75 kw centrifugal pump (3.18 (i) ⁇ 2.54 (o) ⁇ 13.18 (imp.) cm) throttled to a flow rate of 7.6 LPM.
  • the resulting fuel-water emulsion was flowed through the emulsification loop which passed the emulsion through a heat exchanger and a bank of clean-up filters before returning dry fuel back to the sump.
  • fuel was dried to 500-1500 ppm water using a bank of four conventional separator filters run in series.
  • a slip stream of emulsion was flowed from the emulsification loop into the test loop.
  • emulsion was passed through the flat sheet sample holder at a face velocity of 1.22 cm/min. Outlet from the sample holder was returned to the emulsification loop upstream of the heat exchanger. All upstream emulsion transfer lines were of diameter sufficiently small to exceed SAE J1488 velocity targets. The test was run for 90 or 150 minutes with upstream/downstream and sump samples drawn on alternating 10 minute intervals.
  • the emulsion used in testing of the examples was Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) Type 2D from BP Products, NA, Naperville, Ill. Biodiesel was methylsoyate obtained from Renewable Energy Group, Ralston, Iowa. The blend used was 40 weight percent biodiesel in ULSD. In keeping with industry nomenclature, the resulting blend is identified as B40. Distilled water, 3.4 umho/cm, was Great Value bottled distilled, sodium free commercially available at Wal-Mart USA.
  • ULSD Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel
  • Emulsion samples were homogenized for at least one minute in a Cole Parmer Ultrasonic Bath Model#08895-04. Water content was measured using a Mettler Toledo Model D39 Karl Fischer titrator, and reported in parts per million (ppm). A metric ruler inside the downstream test chamber was used to measure the size of water drops exiting the media.
  • Downstream water concentration is determined from Karl Fischer Titration of fuel samples collected in the accepts flow from the downstream side of the multi-layered media. It measures the quantity of water in the fuel downstream of the coalescing layer in parts per million (ppm), based on mass. Clearly, lower levels of titrated water correspond to better water removal performance. In the case of downstream layer performance, however, downstream water concentration was a less important performance metric. This is the case because downstream layer work was conducted in B40 using an extremely efficient coalescing layer. Water concentrations of 400-600 ppm are typical in B40 blends with this coalescing layer.
  • downstream nonwoven layer will not dramatically increase the water concentration expected for this coalescing layer. Also, Karl Fischer titrations in biodiesel blends have significant variance. Typically, a downstream layer was considered to have negative impact on downstream water concentration when the titrated concentration rose above 800 ppm. Downstream water concentrations were measured at minutes 10 and 90 of the 90 minute tests reported here.
  • Success of any coalescing layer is dependent on coalesced water drops gravimetrically falling out of a counter current of fuel on the downstream side of the media.
  • Many coalescing filter elements create high velocity fuel flow on the downstream side of the coalescing element. Coalesced water drops must be large enough to settle out of high velocity flow; otherwise they will be carried into the accepts, and re-entrained in the fuel. This re-entrainment constitutes failure of the media to coalesce water, as water is found in Karl Fischer titrations of downstream fuel samples. As such, media that yield 1.0 mm drops are better coalescing media than those that produce 0.1 mm drops. Further, media that create 3.0 mm drops are better than those that create 1.0 mm drops.
  • Coalescence media have also traditionally been found to yield foam on the downstream side. Foam production is detrimental to water separation.
  • the foam consists of fuel-enriched water, and is less dense and more voluminous than water. As a result it resists the compaction and settling needed for successful water removal. Foam fills downstream spaces and eventually is carried easily into the fuel accepts, re-entraining water in the fuel.
  • a drop size target of 1.0 mm and larger was set for the tri-layer laminate media tested according to the examples. This limit was based on coalesced water drop sizes of 1.0-1.7 mm routinely generated by the coalescing layers used in the examples in the absence of a downstream layer. Persistent appearance of ⁇ 1.0 mm drops and foam production were considered failure characteristics. Absence of drops and creation of a stream of water down the face of the media was considered a pass characteristic as no drops were available to sweep into the accepts. Water drop size was measured using visual inspection at minutes 10 and 90 of the 90 minute tests employed in the examples.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Liquids With Adsorbents In General (AREA)
  • Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
US12/576,839 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions Abandoned US20110084028A1 (en)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/576,839 US20110084028A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
JP2012532636A JP2013507235A (ja) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 界面張力が小さい水と炭化水素の乳濁液を分離するのに特に有用な分離媒体及び方法
RU2012118764/05A RU2540305C2 (ru) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Разделяющая среда и способы, особенно применимые для разделения водно-углеводородных эмульсий, имеющих низкое поверхностное натяжение на границах раздела
KR1020127008817A KR101797477B1 (ko) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 낮은 계면 장력을 갖는 물-탄화수소 에멀션을 분리하는데 특히 유용한 분리 매체와 방법
CA2775013A CA2775013C (en) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Separation media for water-hydrocarbon emulsions
MX2012003788A MX2012003788A (es) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Medios de separacion y metodos especialmente utiles para separar emulsiones de agua-hidrocarburos que tienen bajas tensiones interfaciales.
EP10779024.8A EP2485823B1 (en) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
BR112012007819-4A BR112012007819B1 (pt) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Meio de separação e métodos especialmente utéis para separação de emulsões de hidrocarbonetos em água tendo tensões interfaciais baixas
ES10779024.8T ES2629866T3 (es) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Medio de separación y métodos especialmente útiles para separar emulsiones de agua-hidrocarburo que tienen bajas tensiones interfaciales
CN201080045414.6A CN102665844B (zh) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 尤其可用于分离具有低界面张力的水-烃乳液的分离介质和方法
PCT/FI2010/050777 WO2011042605A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2010-10-07 Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/283,553 US8177984B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-10-27 Methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/445,707 US8747668B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-12 Separation media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/460,560 US8524081B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-30 Separation modules including media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/576,839 US20110084028A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/283,553 Division US8177984B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-10-27 Methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/445,707 Continuation US8747668B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-12 Separation media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110084028A1 true US20110084028A1 (en) 2011-04-14

Family

ID=43638807

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/576,839 Abandoned US20110084028A1 (en) 2009-10-09 2009-10-09 Separation media and methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/283,553 Active US8177984B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-10-27 Methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/445,707 Active US8747668B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-12 Separation media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/460,560 Active US8524081B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-30 Separation modules including media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/283,553 Active US8177984B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2011-10-27 Methods especially useful for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/445,707 Active US8747668B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-12 Separation media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US13/460,560 Active US8524081B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2012-04-30 Separation modules including media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (4) US20110084028A1 (ru)
EP (1) EP2485823B1 (ru)
JP (1) JP2013507235A (ru)
KR (1) KR101797477B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN102665844B (ru)
BR (1) BR112012007819B1 (ru)
CA (1) CA2775013C (ru)
ES (1) ES2629866T3 (ru)
MX (1) MX2012003788A (ru)
RU (1) RU2540305C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2011042605A1 (ru)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080311815A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2008-12-18 Eastman Chemical Company Nonwovens produced from multicomponent fibers
US20100269995A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Eastman Chemical Company Sulfopolyesters for paper strength and process
US20110089600A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2011-04-21 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8216953B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-07-10 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
WO2013083365A1 (de) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Kraftstofffilter einer brennkraftmaschine und filterelement eines kraftstofffilters
US20140007771A1 (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-09 The University Of Akron Liquid drainage from coalescing filter medium with drainage channels
US8840757B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-09-23 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US9149749B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2015-10-06 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media
US9149748B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2015-10-06 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Multi-layered filter media
US9273417B2 (en) 2010-10-21 2016-03-01 Eastman Chemical Company Wet-Laid process to produce a bound nonwoven article
US9303357B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2016-04-05 Eastman Chemical Company Paper and nonwoven articles comprising synthetic microfiber binders
US9464968B2 (en) 2013-11-19 2016-10-11 Tierra Solutions, Inc. Mobile sample collection system
US20170050134A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2017-02-23 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Coalescing Element of a Water Separator Device, and Water Separator Device
US9598802B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-03-21 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrafiltration process for producing a sulfopolyester concentrate
US9605126B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-03-28 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrafiltration process for the recovery of concentrated sulfopolyester dispersion
US10195542B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2019-02-05 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Surface modified filter media
US10399024B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2019-09-03 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Surface modified filter media
US10625196B2 (en) 2016-05-31 2020-04-21 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Coalescing filter media
US10828587B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-11-10 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Stable filter media including nanofibers
US20210236959A1 (en) * 2013-09-17 2021-08-05 Parker-Hannifin Corporation High flow coalescer
US11090590B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2021-08-17 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2015123419A (ja) * 2013-12-26 2015-07-06 株式会社 クリーンテック 油水分離フィルター、油水分離エレメント、除水装置及び油水分離方法
RU2569844C1 (ru) * 2014-10-17 2015-11-27 Игорь Анатольевич Мнушкин Устройство для обезвоживания нефти и нефтепродуктов, газового коненсата, жидких углеводородов
DE102016103561A1 (de) * 2016-02-29 2017-08-31 Hengst Se & Co. Kg Filtermaterial für einen Filtereinsatz eines Kraftstofffilters, Filtereinsatz und Kraftstofffilter
JP7053569B2 (ja) 2016-08-16 2022-04-12 ドナルドソン カンパニー，インコーポレイティド 炭化水素流体－水分離
RU171609U1 (ru) * 2017-03-16 2017-06-07 Закрытое акционерное общество "ПРОМХИМПЕРМЬ" Устройство фазоразделения для продуктов ректификации азеотропной смеси
RU188824U1 (ru) * 2018-01-30 2019-04-24 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный аграрный университет" Устройство для обезвоживания дизельного топлива
BR112020016439A2 (pt) 2018-02-15 2021-03-09 Donaldson Company, Inc. Configurações de meio filtrante
ES2965111T3 (es) * 2018-06-22 2024-04-11 Zodiac Pool Systems Llc Filtros principalmente para su uso en relación con piscinas y spas
EP3650106A1 (en) * 2018-11-08 2020-05-13 KNORR-BREMSE Systeme für Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH Purge gas contaminate elimination device and system for a vehicle
CN113950363B (zh) * 2019-03-12 2023-07-11 帕克-汉尼芬公司 无玻璃的非织造聚结器
CN109903820B (zh) * 2019-03-25 2021-03-16 重庆工商大学 一种确定双场耦合脱水装置最佳操作参数的方法
US11339334B2 (en) * 2020-02-06 2022-05-24 Merichem Company Multi-stage contacting process and apparatus
CN114146453B (zh) * 2021-12-16 2023-03-21 中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所 一种基于聚集诱导破乳的含油废水处理方法和装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228527A (en) * 1961-05-17 1966-01-11 Maremont Corp Water separating fuel filter
US4168229A (en) * 1974-10-14 1979-09-18 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Removal of oil from an oil in water emulsion
US6422396B1 (en) * 1999-09-16 2002-07-23 Kaydon Custom Filtration Corporation Coalescer for hydrocarbons containing surfactant

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1486408A (en) 1922-07-18 1924-03-11 David S Anthony Boring bar
US3268442A (en) * 1964-05-08 1966-08-23 Pall Corp Process for separating immisicible liquids and apparatus
US3312351A (en) * 1964-07-01 1967-04-04 Bendix Corp Fuel filter water separator
DE2126080C3 (de) 1971-05-26 1980-08-07 Faudi-Feinbau Gmbh, 6370 Oberursel Rohrförmiges Trennelement zum Filtern und Abscheiden von Wasser und Feststoffen aus Kraftstoff
SU1130363A1 (ru) * 1983-03-23 1984-12-23 Севастопольский Приборостроительный Институт Устройство дл очистки воды
GB2316016B (en) 1994-03-08 1998-10-21 Pall Corp Corrosive liquid coalescer system
RU2077363C1 (ru) * 1994-09-27 1997-04-20 Татьяна Алексеевна Лакина Способ разделения эмульсий и устройство для его осуществления
EP0930926B1 (en) 1996-09-30 2003-07-23 Pall Corporation Coalescer element
JP2006326515A (ja) 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Aisan Ind Co Ltd フィルタ
US20060277877A1 (en) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-14 Lydall, Inc. High efficiency fuel filter
WO2007041559A2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-12 Stanadyne Corporation Water separation and filtration structure
CN100386130C (zh) * 2005-10-17 2008-05-07 南开大学 适用于生物脱硫后形成的油水乳状液的破乳方法
JP2008280489A (ja) * 2007-05-14 2008-11-20 Santo Energy Kk 油・水エマルジョン燃料及びその製造に用いる乳化剤
US8978899B2 (en) 2007-08-01 2015-03-17 Donaldson Company, Inc. Fluoropolymer fine fiber
US20090178970A1 (en) * 2008-01-16 2009-07-16 Ahlstrom Corporation Coalescence media for separation of water-hydrocarbon emulsions

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228527A (en) * 1961-05-17 1966-01-11 Maremont Corp Water separating fuel filter
US4168229A (en) * 1974-10-14 1979-09-18 Imperial Chemical Industries Limited Removal of oil from an oil in water emulsion
US6422396B1 (en) * 1999-09-16 2002-07-23 Kaydon Custom Filtration Corporation Coalescer for hydrocarbons containing surfactant

Cited By (64)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8247335B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-08-21 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US20080311815A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2008-12-18 Eastman Chemical Company Nonwovens produced from multicomponent fibers
US8691130B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2014-04-08 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making water-dispersible multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US20110089601A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2011-04-21 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US20110089595A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2011-04-21 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US20110105975A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2011-05-05 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US20110168625A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2011-07-14 Eastman Chemical Company Nonwovens produced from multicomponent fibers
US8148278B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-04-03 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8158244B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-04-17 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8163385B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-04-24 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8178199B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-05-15 Eastman Chemical Company Nonwovens produced from multicomponent fibers
US8216953B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-07-10 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8227362B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-07-24 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8236713B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-08-07 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US20110089600A1 (en) * 2003-06-19 2011-04-21 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8262958B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-09-11 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making woven articles comprising water-dispersible multicomponent fibers
US8257628B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-09-04 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making water-dispersible multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8273451B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-09-25 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8277706B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-10-02 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making water-dispersible multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8314041B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2012-11-20 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8388877B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-03-05 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making water-dispersible multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8398907B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-03-19 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making water-dispersible multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8435908B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-05-07 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8444896B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-05-21 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8444895B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-05-21 Eastman Chemical Company Processes for making water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8623247B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2014-01-07 Eastman Chemical Company Process of making water-dispersible multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8557374B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-10-15 Eastman Chemical Company Water-dispersible and multicomponent fibers from sulfopolyesters
US8513147B2 (en) 2003-06-19 2013-08-20 Eastman Chemical Company Nonwovens produced from multicomponent fibers
US8512519B2 (en) 2009-04-24 2013-08-20 Eastman Chemical Company Sulfopolyesters for paper strength and process
US20100269995A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Eastman Chemical Company Sulfopolyesters for paper strength and process
US9273417B2 (en) 2010-10-21 2016-03-01 Eastman Chemical Company Wet-Laid process to produce a bound nonwoven article
CN103958019A (zh) * 2011-12-09 2014-07-30 曼·胡默尔有限公司 内燃机的燃油滤清器和燃油滤清器的过滤元件
WO2013083365A1 (de) * 2011-12-09 2013-06-13 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Kraftstofffilter einer brennkraftmaschine und filterelement eines kraftstofffilters
CN107587961A (zh) * 2011-12-09 2018-01-16 曼·胡默尔有限公司 内燃机的燃油滤清器和燃油滤清器的过滤元件
US9718005B2 (en) * 2011-12-09 2017-08-01 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Fuel filter of an internal combustion engine, and filter element of a fuel filter
US20140284264A1 (en) * 2011-12-09 2014-09-25 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Fuel Filter of an Internal Combustion Engine, and Filter Element of a Fuel Filter
US9175440B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2015-11-03 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short-cut microfibers
US8882963B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-11-11 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US8906200B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-12-09 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US8871052B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-10-28 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US8840757B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-09-23 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US8840758B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2014-09-23 Eastman Chemical Company Processes to produce short cut microfibers
US9144760B2 (en) * 2012-07-03 2015-09-29 The University Of Akron Liquid drainage from coalescing filter medium with drainage channels
US20140007771A1 (en) * 2012-07-03 2014-01-09 The University Of Akron Liquid drainage from coalescing filter medium with drainage channels
US9149749B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2015-10-06 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media
US9149748B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2015-10-06 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Multi-layered filter media
US10279291B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2019-05-07 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media
US10080985B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2018-09-25 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Multi-layered filter media
US11090590B2 (en) 2012-11-13 2021-08-17 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Pre-coalescing multi-layered filter media
US9617685B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2017-04-11 Eastman Chemical Company Process for making paper and nonwoven articles comprising synthetic microfiber binders
US9303357B2 (en) 2013-04-19 2016-04-05 Eastman Chemical Company Paper and nonwoven articles comprising synthetic microfiber binders
US20210236959A1 (en) * 2013-09-17 2021-08-05 Parker-Hannifin Corporation High flow coalescer
US9464968B2 (en) 2013-11-19 2016-10-11 Tierra Solutions, Inc. Mobile sample collection system
US9605126B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-03-28 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrafiltration process for the recovery of concentrated sulfopolyester dispersion
US9598802B2 (en) 2013-12-17 2017-03-21 Eastman Chemical Company Ultrafiltration process for producing a sulfopolyester concentrate
US10486093B2 (en) * 2014-05-05 2019-11-26 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Coalescing element of a water separator device, and water separator device
US20170050134A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2017-02-23 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Coalescing Element of a Water Separator Device, and Water Separator Device
US10195542B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2019-02-05 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Surface modified filter media
US10399024B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2019-09-03 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Surface modified filter media
US11266941B2 (en) 2014-05-15 2022-03-08 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Surface modified filter media
US10828587B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2020-11-10 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Stable filter media including nanofibers
US11819789B2 (en) 2015-04-17 2023-11-21 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Stable filter media including nanofibers
US10625196B2 (en) 2016-05-31 2020-04-21 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Coalescing filter media
US11338239B2 (en) 2016-05-31 2022-05-24 Hollingsworth & Vose Company Coalescing filter media

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120261358A1 (en) 2012-10-18
US8747668B2 (en) 2014-06-10
WO2011042605A1 (en) 2011-04-14
KR101797477B1 (ko) 2017-11-15
CA2775013C (en) 2017-07-11
US20120043281A1 (en) 2012-02-23
US8177984B2 (en) 2012-05-15
JP2013507235A (ja) 2013-03-04
RU2012118764A (ru) 2013-11-20
US8524081B2 (en) 2013-09-03
EP2485823B1 (en) 2017-04-05
CN102665844A (zh) 2012-09-12
ES2629866T3 (es) 2017-08-16
KR20120101342A (ko) 2012-09-13
MX2012003788A (es) 2012-05-22
RU2540305C2 (ru) 2015-02-10
BR112012007819B1 (pt) 2020-12-15
BR112012007819A2 (pt) 2016-03-08
CN102665844B (zh) 2015-08-05
US20120261330A1 (en) 2012-10-18
EP2485823A1 (en) 2012-08-15
CA2775013A1 (en) 2011-04-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US8524081B2 (en) Separation modules including media for separating water-hydrocarbon emulsions having low interfacial tensions
US9656195B2 (en) Coalescence media for separation of water-hydrocarbon emulsions
RU2472566C2 (ru) Коалесцентная среда для разделения эмульсий вода-углеводород
EP2741838B1 (en) Liquid filtration media containing melt-blown fibers
EP3689436A1 (en) Liquid filtration media
EP3337590A1 (en) Self-cleaning filter
WO2016210153A1 (en) Composite media for fuel streams
CN111235959B (zh) 一种多层油水分离材料及其制备方法和应用
JPWO2019194244A1 (ja) フィルタ材
Pangestu et al. Media for water separation from Biodiesel-Ultra low sulfur diesel blends
Arouni Nonwoven Coalescing Fuel-Water Filter Media for Diesel Engines

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: AHLSTROM CORPORATION, FINLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:STANFEL, CHRISTINE M.;PANGESTU, FARINA DIANI;REEL/FRAME:023353/0769

Effective date: 20091008

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION