US20110064566A1 - Apparatus for impeller sealing in centrifugal pumps - Google Patents

Apparatus for impeller sealing in centrifugal pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
US20110064566A1
US20110064566A1 US12/736,847 US73684709A US2011064566A1 US 20110064566 A1 US20110064566 A1 US 20110064566A1 US 73684709 A US73684709 A US 73684709A US 2011064566 A1 US2011064566 A1 US 2011064566A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
impeller
ring
pump housing
sealing
collar
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Abandoned
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US12/736,847
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English (en)
Inventor
Uwe Wuerdig
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Individual
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Individual
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/165—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F04D29/167—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for liquid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for impeller sealing in centrifugal pumps for fluid media.
  • the device serves for the purpose of sealing the gap that is present between the impeller and the pump housing—and that is due to the construction of centrifugal pumps—against the transport of material from the pressure side of the impeller to the suction side thereof at the impeller intake. It can be used for the initial equipping of generic pumps when they are manufactured, but also can be used for retrofitting pumps which have not previously been provided with a corresponding gap sealing.
  • Centrifugal pumps of different structural forms are used for the transport of fluid media, particularly liquids in very large amounts.
  • the pumps comprise one or more impellers disposed on a shaft, which, when driven by a motor, move in a corresponding free space of a pump housing (also called a housing bore). Due to its rotation, each impeller produces an underpressure on its intake side, where the inflow for the fluid medium to be transported is found. In this way, the medium is broken up at or in the impeller and transported from it by the rotational motion to the impeller outlet on the pressure side of the impeller.
  • a gap between the impeller and the inner wall of the pump housing is indispensable. This gap is formed as an axial or radial gap depending on the form of the housing and of the impeller.
  • a device is described in DE 199 60 160 A1, for example, for optimizing the gap width in centrifugal pumps.
  • a beading is formed on the outer periphery of the free end of a pump impeller. When the impeller is inserted into the pump housing, this beading is introduced behind a sealing collar, which is formed on a gap ring disposed in the housing. A very small gap dimension is achieved in this way.
  • the sealing collar involves a rigid element according to this solution, however, there is the danger that, since depositions are formed on it, it may run into the impeller above the beading formed on the impeller. Also, due to the remaining small gap, a transport of material from the pressure side to the suction side is not prevented, so that the danger of braid formation and finally the blocking of the gap is also not eliminated.
  • the object of the invention is thus to create a device for impeller sealing in centrifugal pumps, by means of which the transport of material between the pressure side of the impeller of a centrifugal pump and its impeller intake is reliably and permanently prevented with a very simple construction of the device, but an unhindered rotational movement of the impeller or impellers in the pump housing is made possible.
  • This type of transport of material and thus braid formation in the gap region particularly in the case of application in wastewater pumps, will be prevented by the device to be created.
  • the device will make possible the equipping of pumps in the factory as well as retrofitting pumps already produced.
  • the device according to the invention can be used both in centrifugal pumps with an axial gap as well as in those with a radial gap, depending on the geometry of their elements and of their structural arrangement in the pump.
  • both one-stage as well as multi-stage centrifugal pumps i.e., centrifugal pumps with more than one impeller, can be equipped with the device according to the invention either in the factory or as the object of a retrofitting.
  • a sealing ring is disposed between the pressure side and the suction side of the at least one impeller in the pump housing of a centrifugal pump, which is either equipped in the factory or retrofitted with this device, this sealing ring being composed of a rigid pressure ring and an annular elastic sealing lip joined with the pressure ring.
  • the sealing lip is joined with the pressure ring in the region of its inner diameter. In a region projected on by the pressure ring or/and projecting over the pressure ring, with respect to its diameter, the sealing lip is inclined against a sliding surface formed on the impeller at its peripheral contour in the region of the impeller intake.
  • an adjusting member on the pump housing acts on the sealing ring formed as described above.
  • the sealing ring is positioned relative to the sliding surface by this adjusting member, and at the same time, its sealing lip is pre-stressed against the sliding surface of the impeller in the region projected on by the pressure ring or/and projecting over the diameter of the pressure ring.
  • the sealing ring is thus positioned in such a way and its sealing lip is pre-stressed such that it is applied to the sliding surface by a radially outer end of the above-named region when the pump is in operation.
  • the adjustment to be carried out at the adjusting member can be such that the sealing lip is applied only slightly (very small pre-stressing) to the corresponding sliding surface of the impeller when the pump is in its resting state, while the application of the radially outer end of the sealing lip to the sliding surface is reliably assured by the pressure difference existing additionally between its pressure side and the suction side when the pump is in operation.
  • the sealing device is thus configured such that, due to the deformability in a length sufficient for this purpose of the region of the sealing lip projected on by the pressure ring or/and projecting over it to a sufficient extent relative to its diameter, and based on the pre-stressing produced in the sealing lip by means of the adjusting member, a permanent as well as a self-adjusting complete sealing of the gap is provided.
  • the sealing ring is thus adjusted by means of the adjusting member with respect to its position and the pre-stressing of its sealing lip in such a way that the radial outer end of the sealing lip very reliably contacts the wear ring with pre-stressing that is as small as possible.
  • the sliding surface is part of a rigid wear ring attached in the region of the impeller intake on the peripheral contour of the impeller.
  • Said wear ring can thus be disposed on the impeller in a pump equipped with the device according to the invention at the factory or it can be attached later by a corresponding reworking of the impeller as the object of a retrofitting.
  • the wear ring comprises a particularly wear-resistant material, such as stainless steel/cast iron, ceramic or a special composite material, or it is provided at least with a special wear-resistant coating.
  • the wear-resistant sliding surface is to be realized preferably by introducing a wear ring onto the impeller in the region of the impeller intake.
  • the sealing ring is realized by a rigid pressure ring and an elastic sealing lip joined to it, whereby the pressure ring also is composed of a wear-resistant material, preferably metal.
  • the sealing lip is composed of an elastomer and is joined with the pressure ring by vulcanization.
  • a reinforcing material preferably a metal wire mesh
  • vulcanize a metal washer in the elastomer for stabilization is also possible.
  • the geometry of the elastic sealing lip preferably composed of an elastomer or of rubber is advantageously configured such that its thickness decreases radially toward the outside.
  • This configuration of the geometry of the sealing lip and the measures for its mechanical stabilization serve for the purpose that the sealing lip is applied in a sliding manner to the wear ring or to the sliding surface, respectively, only by its radial outermost region according to the basic concept of the invention, even when there are large pressure differences between the pressure side and the impeller intake side.
  • the gap seal insofar as it is self-adjusting, is continually applied more closely to the sliding surface as the sealing lip, even if it is gradually abraded over the course of operation, due to the pressure difference between the pressure side and the suction side provided during operation, up to a certain extent of wear, when the pump is in operation.
  • a complete sealing of the gap during the operation of the pump by means of which a deposition of solids and/or of fibrous components contained in the transported medium in the gap region and thus a blockage due to braid formation when it is applied in wastewater is effectively prevented, can then also be provided in this case, if, when the pump is turned off, the sealing lip is no longer applied to the sliding surface, due to the wear of material that has occurred.
  • the pre-stressing in the elastic sealing lip of the sealing ring is achieved by suitable positioning of the sealing ring in the pump housing or positioning relative to the sliding surface, whereby the sealing ring is supported on an abutment present inside the pump housing so that a certain pressure is exercised on its sealing lip.
  • the solution according to the invention can also be realized optionally by a gap ring that is already present and fixed in the pump housing acting as an abutment, as is usual for the adjustment of a pre-determined gap width in pumps of the prior art, after an appropriate retrofitting according to the invention, this gap ring is joined by mechanical fastening or vulcanization with a sealing lip inclined against a wear ring of the impeller or the sliding surface thereof, which has also been retrofitted.
  • the adjusting member acting on the sealing ring is formed as a collar that can be adjusted in the axial direction with respect to its position, and it acts directly on the sealing ring.
  • the sealing lip is applied in a sliding manner to an outer surface of the wear ring, which is disposed preferably orthogonal to the axial direction or pump axis, whereby the axial direction is given by the direction of the lengthwise extension of the motor shaft driving one impeller or optionally several impellers.
  • the position of the collar can be adjusted by means of two or more adjusting screws disposed approximately equally distributed relative to the periphery of the collar, and each of these screws is engaged with a thread extending in the pump housing in the axial direction.
  • the threads for the adjusting screws are thus preferably formed in threaded bores, which are guided through the pump housing in the axial direction.
  • Each of the threads for the adjusting screws of the adjusting member here are in part formed in the circular segment-shaped recesses disposed on the outer periphery of the housing ring and in part in annular recesses of the pump housing disposed corresponding to these first recesses of the housing ring and preferably enclosing together with these a full circle in each case.
  • the housing ring is simultaneously fixed in the pump housing by the adjusting screws engaged with the threads.
  • the collar has an outer thread and is engaged with an inner thread of the pump housing that is correspondingly disposed for this purpose.
  • the axial position of the collar can thus be adjusted inside the centrifugal pump by turning the collar in the inner thread of the pump housing.
  • the device according to the invention has set screws, by means of which the collar can be fixed in the place and position adjusted for it each time.
  • the device according to the invention is suitable for both equipping centrifugal pumps in the factory as well as for retrofitting them. Therefore, the device according to one embodiment provided for retrofitting is designed in such a way that its respective elements are components of a kit, in which is also included a drilling template or a hole gauge for correct positional arrangement of the threaded bores to be formed for the adjusting screws and optionally for the set screws.
  • FIG. 1 a centrifugal pump retrofitted with a device according to the invention corresponding to one possible embodiment of this device,
  • FIG. 2 an enlarged excerpt of the pump according to FIG. 1 with the device for impeller sealing
  • FIGS. 3 a , 3 b the housing ring additionally inserted into the pump housing according to the embodiment according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 ,
  • FIG. 4 another basic embodiment of the invention, with a specially configured collar.
  • FIG. 1 shows by way of example a centrifugal pump retrofitted with the device according to the invention, wherein the pump is shown with a cut-out in a pump housing 1 for better illustration.
  • the example shown relates to the retrofitting of a centrifugal pump, in which an impeller 2 is designed in the form of a channel impeller.
  • This embodiment as well as the other embodiment explained in connection with the drawings refers to a design, in which the annular elastic sealing lip 8 joined to pressure ring 7 and forming the sealing ring together with this is pre-stressed by means of a collar 9 acting on the sealing ring, and sliding surface 6 ′ is formed on a wear ring 6 attached to impeller 2 .
  • the pump is composed of pump housing 1 in which impeller 2 or the channel impeller, which is disposed on a motor shaft that is not shown here, moves in the peripheral direction u when the pump is in operation.
  • the motor which is also not shown here, is flange-mounted onto pump housing 1 on the right side of the pump in the drawing, so that the motor shaft extends in the axial direction a.
  • the gap which is to be sealed is formed between pump housing 1 and impeller 2 , and this gap involves an axial gap based on the structural form of the pump shown in the example. This gap is completely sealed by means of the device according to the invention, which is still better illustrated in the enlarged excerpt according to FIG. 2 , against transport of material between the pressure side 3 of the pump and the impeller intake 5 on the suction side 4 of the pump.
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged excerpt of the centrifugal pump according to FIG. 1 , which has been retrofitted with the device for impeller sealing according to the invention, in a sectional view.
  • a shoulder has been formed for the retrofitting by working the outer contour of impeller 2 .
  • a highly wear-resistant wear ring 6 provided with a complementary step has been applied to this shoulder and attached by means of several screws to impeller 2 .
  • threaded bores corresponding to the counter-bores of wear ring 6 are introduced into impeller 2 , distributed on the periphery.
  • housing ring 11 has been inserted additionally into pump housing 1 of this pump, and the design of this housing ring is illustrated in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b .
  • Housing ring 11 has several annular recesses 12 , each of which is provided with a first part of a thread and, together with the corresponding recesses worked into pump housing 1 and provided with the respective second part of the thread, each enclose a full circle or circular cylinder.
  • Each of adjusting screws 10 is engaged with the inner threads formed in part in recesses 12 of housing ring 11 and in part in the recesses of pump housing 1 .
  • Collar 9 can be moved in the axial direction a by means of adjusting screws 10 that can be adjusted with an Allen wrench. Adjusting screws 10 in this case serve simultaneously for fastening housing ring 11 in pump housing 1 . Collar 9 , which is provided with shoulders, presses against the flexible region 8 ′ of sealing lip 8 of the sealing ring disposed between collar 9 and wear ring 6 , whereby the compressive force by which sealing lip 8 is pressed against wear ring 6 , is dependent on the position of collar 9 , which can be adjusted by means of adjusting screws 10 .
  • set screws 15 which are formed in the present case as tension screws, and which are guided through an inner bore of adjusting screws 10 and engaged each time with a threaded bore in collar 9 .
  • the heads of set screws 15 that are disposed in captive manner come to rest on a shoulder of the inner bore of the respective adjusting screw 10 .
  • the sealing ring is composed of a rigid metal pressure ring 7 to which is screwed the annular sealing lip 8 comprised of rubber in the example shown.
  • a joining of rigid pressure ring 7 with sealing lip 8 by vulcanization is more advantageous.
  • Sealing lip 8 is subjected to a pre-stressing by collar 9 in such a way that it is applied to wear ring 6 only by the outer end 8 ′ (relative to its periphery) of its flexible region 8 ′ projecting over pressure ring 7 , as can be seen from the figure, when the pump is turned off.
  • sealing lip 8 When the pump is operating, sealing lip 8 is pressed more intensely on wear ring 6 with complete sealing of the axial gap based on the pressure difference existing between pressure side 3 of the pump and the impeller intake 5 of suction side 4 . Based on its elasticity, sealing lip 8 , however, is applied only in sliding manner on wear ring 6 by outer end 8 ′ of region 8 ′, so that the rotational movement of impeller 2 of the pump is additionally made possible. Based on the pre-stressing introduced on sealing lip 8 , its sliding contact with sliding surface 6 continually remains, even with axial and/or radial oscillations of impeller 2 that occur and are caused by pump operation.
  • collar 9 can also be inserted directly into pump housing 1 without an additional housing ring 11 . Adjusting screws 10 are guided through axially running threaded bores in pump housing 1 . In this way, in the case of equipping centrifugal pumps with the device according to the invention carried out in the factory, the embodiment without additional housing ring 11 is preferred, of course.
  • the representation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 to 3 a or 3 b , respectively, however, will serve for the purpose of showing that even pumps already in use can be well retrofitted with the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4 in a representation comparable to FIG. 2 .
  • collar 9 and thus the sealing ring are positioned, and the contact force acting on the sealing ring made of pressure ring 7 and sealing lip 8 is established by means of an outer thread 13 disposed on the front side of collar 9 .
  • This thread engages in a corresponding inner thread 14 formed in pump housing 1 (optionally. i.e., in the case of retrofitting, by a corresponding re-working of pump housing 1 ).
  • collar 9 By turning in inner thread 14 , the axial position of collar 9 can be adjusted corresponding to the requirements, i.e., application of the radially outer end 8 ′ of the region 8 ′ of sealing lip 8 projected on by pressure ring 7 , with pre-stressing on wear ring 6 as small as possible.
  • collar 9 can be attached by means of set screws 15 (one or more set screws 15 is or are disposed in the outer region of the collar), and these screws act as clamping screws and brace the sides of threads 13 , 14 of collar 9 and of pump housing 1 against one another.
  • an O-ring 16 made of rubber is disposed between pump housing 1 and collar 9 .
  • the device By means of the device according to the invention, a clear increase in efficiency is achieved for appropriately equipped centrifugal pumps, due to the complete prevention of backflow, i.e., backflow from pressure side 3 to suction side 4 in impeller 2 , and by the elimination of cross-current losses. Suction-side blockages are effectively prevented, particularly in wastewater pumps with one or more channel impellers. The operating, energy and repair costs with the use of centrifugal pumps are reduced thereby.
  • the device is also characterized by a simple construction and can be well retrofitted in pumps already in use. Due to the automatic equilibration of the structural tolerances of the components and/or those occurring as a consequence of wear, the proposed solution is also advantageously self-adjusting and thus permanently self-sealing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US12/736,847 2008-05-15 2009-05-15 Apparatus for impeller sealing in centrifugal pumps Abandoned US20110064566A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008001814.7 2008-05-15
DE102008001814A DE102008001814A1 (de) 2008-05-15 2008-05-15 Vorrichtung zur Laufradabdichtung bei Kreiselpumpen
PCT/DE2009/050026 WO2009138082A1 (de) 2008-05-15 2009-05-15 Vorrichtung zur laufradabdichtung bei kreiselpumpen

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US20110064566A1 true US20110064566A1 (en) 2011-03-17

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US12/736,847 Abandoned US20110064566A1 (en) 2008-05-15 2009-05-15 Apparatus for impeller sealing in centrifugal pumps

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US (1) US20110064566A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2304246B1 (de)
CN (1) CN102027241B (de)
DE (2) DE102008001814A1 (de)
RU (1) RU2474730C2 (de)
WO (1) WO2009138082A1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150139828A1 (en) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-21 Charles Wayne Zimmerman Two piece impeller centrifugal pump
CN106968983A (zh) * 2017-05-19 2017-07-21 合肥工业大学 一种用于减少泄露的易安装口环
CN107178520A (zh) * 2017-08-02 2017-09-19 汪小艳 一种提高离心水泵运行效率的方法及组合弹性密封装置
CN107387456A (zh) * 2017-09-04 2017-11-24 河北兴临水泵有限公司 水泵密封装置
EP3430271A1 (de) * 2016-03-16 2019-01-23 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Kreiselpumpe mit einer anordnung zur reduzierung einer rückströmung
CN110410357A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2019-11-05 爱信精机株式会社 泵

Families Citing this family (8)

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DE102010063108A1 (de) 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Ksb Aktiengesellschaft Dichtungsanordnung für Kreiselpumpen
EP2535591B1 (de) * 2011-06-15 2014-04-23 Grundfos Management A/S Kreiselpumpe
CN102269178A (zh) * 2011-07-01 2011-12-07 海南南方特能泵业有限公司 吸水室密封式高效离心水泵
DE102011054320A1 (de) * 2011-10-07 2013-04-11 Uwe Würdig Kreiselpumpe und Anordnung zur Spaltabdichtung
DE102012218606A1 (de) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-17 Ksb Aktiengesellschaft Spaltring mit selbstregulierendem Drosselspalt
DE102013104069B4 (de) 2013-04-22 2017-09-28 Uwe Würdig Kreiselpumpe und Anordnung zur saugseitigen Radialspaltabdichtung
RU168588U1 (ru) * 2016-03-03 2017-02-09 Открытое акционерное общество (ОАО) "Турбонасос" Щелевое радиальное уплотнение между корпусом и ротором
RU169809U1 (ru) * 2016-10-31 2017-04-03 Открытое акционерное общество (ОАО) "Турбонасос" Щелевое радиальное уплотнение

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US4227573A (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-10-14 Otis Engineering Corporation Reinforced seal unit for pumpdown pistons or well swabs
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US5971704A (en) * 1997-04-23 1999-10-26 Toyo Pumps North America Corporation Device for adjusting the running clearance of an impeller
US20020146319A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2002-10-10 Glenn Dorsch Centrifugal pump improvements
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US6746206B2 (en) * 2001-09-20 2004-06-08 Grundfos A/S Centrifugal pump
US7484927B2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-02-03 General Electric Company Steam turbine variable clearance packing

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2021346A (en) * 1932-05-17 1935-11-19 Allen Sherman Hoff Co Sealing ring
US2109679A (en) * 1936-04-13 1938-03-01 Sr Aloys Neveling Sealing device for pumps
US4227573A (en) * 1978-11-16 1980-10-14 Otis Engineering Corporation Reinforced seal unit for pumpdown pistons or well swabs
US4913619A (en) * 1988-08-08 1990-04-03 Barrett Haentjens & Co. Centrifugal pump having resistant components
US5846049A (en) * 1996-07-08 1998-12-08 Endura Pumps International, Inc. Modular containment apparatus for adjusting axial position of an impeller in a magnetically coupled apparatus
US5971704A (en) * 1997-04-23 1999-10-26 Toyo Pumps North America Corporation Device for adjusting the running clearance of an impeller
US20020146319A1 (en) * 1999-10-06 2002-10-10 Glenn Dorsch Centrifugal pump improvements
US6712580B2 (en) * 2001-09-04 2004-03-30 Nsk Ltd. Seal apparatus for a water pump, rotation-support apparatus for a water pump, and a water pump
US6746206B2 (en) * 2001-09-20 2004-06-08 Grundfos A/S Centrifugal pump
US7484927B2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-02-03 General Electric Company Steam turbine variable clearance packing

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150139828A1 (en) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-21 Charles Wayne Zimmerman Two piece impeller centrifugal pump
US9739284B2 (en) * 2013-11-19 2017-08-22 Charles Wayne Zimmerman Two piece impeller centrifugal pump
EP3430271A1 (de) * 2016-03-16 2019-01-23 KSB SE & Co. KGaA Kreiselpumpe mit einer anordnung zur reduzierung einer rückströmung
CN106968983A (zh) * 2017-05-19 2017-07-21 合肥工业大学 一种用于减少泄露的易安装口环
CN107178520A (zh) * 2017-08-02 2017-09-19 汪小艳 一种提高离心水泵运行效率的方法及组合弹性密封装置
CN107387456A (zh) * 2017-09-04 2017-11-24 河北兴临水泵有限公司 水泵密封装置
CN110410357A (zh) * 2018-04-27 2019-11-05 爱信精机株式会社 泵
US10920785B2 (en) * 2018-04-27 2021-02-16 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Pump

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2304246A1 (de) 2011-04-06
DE112009001716A5 (de) 2011-04-21
CN102027241B (zh) 2013-06-05
RU2010145437A (ru) 2012-06-20
DE102008001814A1 (de) 2009-11-19
WO2009138082A1 (de) 2009-11-19
EP2304246B1 (de) 2014-07-23
CN102027241A (zh) 2011-04-20
RU2474730C2 (ru) 2013-02-10

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