US20100316056A1 - Techniques for routing data between network areas - Google Patents

Techniques for routing data between network areas Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100316056A1
US20100316056A1 US12/483,690 US48369009A US2010316056A1 US 20100316056 A1 US20100316056 A1 US 20100316056A1 US 48369009 A US48369009 A US 48369009A US 2010316056 A1 US2010316056 A1 US 2010316056A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
network
data
areas
routing
area
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US12/483,690
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English (en)
Inventor
Paul Unbehagen
Roger Lapuh
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RPX Clearinghouse LLC
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Nortel Networks Ltd
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Priority to US12/483,690 priority Critical patent/US20100316056A1/en
Assigned to NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED reassignment NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: UNBEHAGEN, PAUL, LAPUH, ROGER
Priority to CA2764632A priority patent/CA2764632A1/fr
Priority to PCT/US2010/037733 priority patent/WO2010144418A1/fr
Priority to KR1020127000777A priority patent/KR20120060810A/ko
Priority to BR112012000198A priority patent/BR112012000198A2/pt
Priority to JP2012515053A priority patent/JP2012529855A/ja
Priority to EP10786672.5A priority patent/EP2441214A4/fr
Priority to CN2010800257928A priority patent/CN102484604A/zh
Priority to RU2011153500/08A priority patent/RU2544766C2/ru
Publication of US20100316056A1 publication Critical patent/US20100316056A1/en
Assigned to Rockstar Bidco, LP reassignment Rockstar Bidco, LP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NORTEL NETWORKS LIMITED
Priority to US13/451,776 priority patent/US9001829B2/en
Assigned to ROCKSTAR CONSORTIUM US LP reassignment ROCKSTAR CONSORTIUM US LP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: Rockstar Bidco, LP
Assigned to RPX CLEARINGHOUSE LLC reassignment RPX CLEARINGHOUSE LLC ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BOCKSTAR TECHNOLOGIES LLC, CONSTELLATION TECHNOLOGIES LLC, MOBILESTAR TECHNOLOGIES LLC, NETSTAR TECHNOLOGIES LLC, ROCKSTAR CONSORTIUM LLC, ROCKSTAR CONSORTIUM US LP
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4604—LAN interconnection over a backbone network, e.g. Internet, Frame Relay
    • H04L12/462—LAN interconnection over a bridge based backbone
    • H04L12/4625—Single bridge functionality, e.g. connection of two networks over a single bridge
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/46—Interconnection of networks
    • H04L12/4633—Interconnection of networks using encapsulation techniques, e.g. tunneling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/66—Layer 2 routing, e.g. in Ethernet based MAN's
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/30—Definitions, standards or architectural aspects of layered protocol stacks
    • H04L69/32—Architecture of open systems interconnection [OSI] 7-layer type protocol stacks, e.g. the interfaces between the data link level and the physical level

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to network communications and, more particularly, to techniques for routing data between network areas.
  • Networks may be logically subdivided into Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs), or another logical subnets, network areas, or domains.
  • VPNs Virtual Private Networks
  • VLANs Virtual Local Area Networks
  • a VLAN may be further logically subdivided by a user into a plurality of user VLANs or VPNs.
  • Provider Backbone Bridging (PBB) and/or Provider Link State Bridging (PLSB) may be used to separate an enterprise domain from one or more user domains by using an additional MAC (Media Access Control) address header in an Ethernet Frame.
  • PLSB may enable the use of a link state protocol to improve the sharing of layer 2 information.
  • layer 2 VPNs may terminate on a User Network Interface (UNI) port. Routing among these user VPNs may require actual port to port connections. Establishing such port to port connections may require connecting UNI ports of a VPN to an external router. Such routing may be difficult to increase in scale and manage as the number of user VPN
  • an external routing function may process translation between a layer 2 VPN and a PLSB layer 2 VPN.
  • This approach may also require an additional connection to an external router to handle translation between a layer 2 VPN and a PLSB layer 2 VPN for multiple layer 2 PLSB VPNs terminating on a VLAN UNI port.
  • this approach may also require external routing and may add additional overhead and complexity.
  • the techniques may be realized as a method for routing data between layer 2 network areas of backbone bridges comprising the steps of receiving data at a network element containing an internally terminated Network to Network Interface (NNI) for a plurality of network areas, identifying a destination address associated with the data, determining a network area of the plurality of network areas associated with the data, and performing one or more data flow treatments associated with the data using the internally terminated Network to Network Interface (NNI).
  • NNI Network to Network Interface
  • performing one or more data flow treatments associated with the data may comprise routing the data to the determined network area.
  • performing one or more data flow treatments associated with the data may comprise at least one of: network traffic policing; firewall functionality; network traffic metering; and network intrusion detection.
  • the network areas may comprise Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
  • VPNs Virtual Private Networks
  • the network areas may comprise Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs).
  • VLANs Virtual Local Area Networks
  • the Virtual Local Area Networks may be associated with a Service Instance VLAN ID (I-SID).
  • I-SID Service Instance VLAN ID
  • the network element may be associated with a plurality of Service Instance VLAN IDs and performing one or more data flow treatments utilizes at least one of the plurality of Service Instance VLAN IDs.
  • the destination address may comprise a backbone Media Access Control (B-MAC) address.
  • B-MAC backbone Media Access Control
  • determining the network area associated with the data may comprise using a Service Instance VLAN ID (I-SID) associated with the data to determine the network area.
  • I-SID Service Instance VLAN ID
  • the techniques may be realized as at least one processor readable storage medium for storing a computer program of instructions configured to be readable by at least one processor for instructing the at least one processor to execute a computer process for performing the method.
  • the techniques may be realized as an article of manufacture for routing data between layer 2 network areas of backbone bridges, the article of manufacture comprising at least one processor readable storage medium, and instructions stored on the at least one storage medium, wherein the instructions are configured to be readable from the at least one storage medium by at least one processor and thereby cause the at least one processor to operate so as to receive data at a network element containing an internally terminated Network to Network Interface (NNI) for a plurality of network areas, identify a destination address associated with the data, determine a network area of the plurality of network areas associated with the data, and perform one or more data flow treatments associated with the data using the internally terminated Network to Network Interface (NNI).
  • NNI Network to Network Interface
  • the techniques may be realized as a system for routing data between network areas comprising one or more processors communicatively coupled to a network element, wherein the network element is configured to receive data at a network element containing an internally terminated Network to Network Interface (NNI) for a plurality of network areas, identify a destination address associated with the data, determine a network area of the plurality of network areas associated with the data, and perform one or more data flow treatments associated with the data using the internally terminated Network to Network Interface (NNI).
  • NNI Network to Network Interface
  • performing one or more data flow treatments associated with the data may comprise routing the data to the determined network area.
  • performing one or more data flow treatments associated with the data may comprise at least one of: network traffic policing, firewall functionality, network traffic metering, and network intrusion detection.
  • the network areas may comprise Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
  • VPNs Virtual Private Networks
  • the network areas may comprise Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs).
  • VLANs Virtual Local Area Networks
  • the Virtual Local Area Networks may be associated with a Service Instance VLAN ID (I-SID).
  • I-SID Service Instance VLAN ID
  • the network element may be associated with a plurality of Service Instance VLAN IDs and performing one or more data flow treatments utilizes at least one of the plurality of Service Instance VLAN IDs.
  • the destination address may comprise a backbone Media Access Control (B-MAC) address.
  • B-MAC backbone Media Access Control
  • determining the network area associated with the data may comprise the network element using a Service Instance VLAN ID (I-SID) associated with the data to determine the network area.
  • I-SID Service Instance VLAN ID
  • FIG. 1 shows a system for routing data between network areas in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a system for routing data between network areas in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 depicts a method for routing data between network areas in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a simplified view of system 100 , which may include additional elements that are not depicted.
  • network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may be communicatively coupled as part of network 106 .
  • Network 106 may be logically subdivided.
  • network 106 may be an IPv4 based network which may be subnetted into one or more areas or domains, such as network areas 102 and 104 .
  • Each of the network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may be communicatively coupled to one or more of the network areas 102 and 104 .
  • One or more of the network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may also be communicatively coupled to additional network areas (not shown).
  • network elements 110 , 112 , and 114 may be communicatively coupled to network area 102 .
  • Network elements 118 , 120 , and 122 may be communicatively coupled to network area 104 .
  • Network elements 108 and 116 may be communicatively coupled to both network areas 102 and 104 .
  • Network 106 may be a Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) Backbone VLAN (BVLAN), or another logical network structure that permits communication between network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 , and other devices communicatively coupled to network 106 .
  • network 106 may be a network service provider VLAN implemented using Provider Link State Bridging (PLSB) or IEEE 802.1aq.
  • PLSB Provider Link State Bridging
  • Network 106 may be implemented logically on top of IEEE 802.1ah or Provider Backbone Bridges (PEB).
  • the Provider Backbone Bridges may implement MAC-in-MAC or use an additional Media Access Control (MAC) address in an Ethernet frame for provider core backbone routing (e.g., a Backbone MAC address or B-MAC address may be used to encapsulate a customer MAC Ethernet Frame).
  • An additional Ethernet header may contain source and destination backbone addresses, a virtual LAN identifier (BVLAN), and a 24 bit service instance VLAN ID (I-SID).
  • Network 106 may implement a link state routing protocol, such as, for example, the standard Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) routing protocol, to learn and distribute network information, such as B-MAC addresses and I-SID values.
  • IS-IS Intermediate System to Intermediate System
  • Network Areas 102 and 104 may be logical subdivisions of network 106 , such as VLANs or VPNs. Network areas may be associated with a 24 bit service instance VLAN ID (I-SID). In one or more embodiments, network areas 102 and 104 may be customer VLANs. Although two network areas are shown, it may be appreciated that a user may implement many more network areas, such as additional VLANs.
  • I-SID 24 bit service instance VLAN ID
  • Network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may be routers, switches, or other devices communicatively coupled to network 106 .
  • Network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may be connected with networked resources such as servers, databases, and/or networked storage.
  • Network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may be network edge equipment, such as provider edge equipment, which may provide connectivity to one or more end users.
  • some of the network elements 108 , 110 , 112 , 114 , 116 , 118 , 120 , and 122 may be associated with a plurality of network areas, such as network areas 102 and 104 .
  • network element 116 and/or network element 108 may be associated with network area 102 and network area 104 .
  • These network areas may be associated with a specific 24 bit service instance VLAN ID (I-SID).
  • I-SID 24 bit service instance VLAN ID
  • network area 102 may be associated with I-SID 102
  • network area 104 may be associated with I-SID 104 .
  • a server associated with network element 110 may return a reply.
  • a network element, such as network element 108 may receive data sent from network element 110 .
  • routing may be performed by a routing function executed on a PLSB NNI (Network to Network Interface) interface.
  • the NNI may be an interface between network area 102 and network area 104 and may be implemented on network element 108 .
  • the routing function may identify a 24 bit service instance VLAN ID (I-SID) in an Ethernet Frame and may identify network area 104 as being associated with the I-SID.
  • I-SID 24 bit service instance VLAN ID
  • network element 108 may route the portion of data it receives from network element 110 to network element 120 via network area 104 .
  • Network element 108 may perform alternative and/or additional functions such as data flow treatments, such as one or more data flow treatments performed at layers 4 through 7 of the standard OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model.
  • network element 108 may perform network traffic policing, firewall functionality, network traffic metering, and network intrusion detection.
  • the routing functionality may support upper level protocols, including, but not limited to: ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol).
  • FIG. 2 there is shown a system 200 for routing data between network areas in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified view of system 200 , which may include additional elements that are not depicted.
  • elements of system 100 are incorporated and contain identical numbering.
  • Computers 202 , 204 , 206 , and/or 208 may be desktop computers, laptop computers, servers, databases, hosts, or other computers communicatively coupled with network elements associated with network 106 . As shown, computers 202 and 206 may be associated with network area 102 , which may be identified by I-SID 102 . Computers 204 and 208 may be associated with network area 104 which may be identified by I-SID 104 . Data received at a network element may be examined to determine whether the data, such as an incoming Ethernet frame, needs to be bridged or routed.
  • routing may be performed by a routing function executed on an internally terminated PLSB Network to Network Interface (NNI) between two network areas.
  • NNI Network to Network Interface
  • network element 116 may contain a virtual routing instance 210 which utilizes an NNI between two network areas.
  • the NNI between network area 102 and network area 104 may be associated with network element 116 and may support a routing instance that may perform one or more data flow treatments.
  • data received by network element 116 from computer 202 may be examined to determine a destination MAC address. If the destination MAC address is associated with computer 206 , then network element 116 may determine that computer 206 is associated with the same network area (i.e., network area 102 which is identified by I-SID 102 ).
  • Network element 116 may then bridge the data to network element 114 .
  • Network element 116 may be capable of bridging or routing data whether it is received from a network area of network 106 or from a device communicatively coupled to a User Network Interface (UNI) port (e.g., network element 116 may handle data that contains a single MAC address header per frame or data that is MACinMac encapsulated.)
  • UNI User Network Interface
  • network element 116 may determine the traffic is to be routed to network area 104 which is identified by I-SID 104 .
  • Network element 116 may then utilize a virtual routing instance 210 on the NNI between the two network areas to perform one or more data flow treatments, such as data flow treatments performed at layers 4 through 7 of the standard OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model.
  • OSI Open Systems Interconnection
  • network element 116 may route the data to network area 104 .
  • Network element 116 may also perform other actions such as, for example, network traffic policing, firewall functionality, network traffic metering, and network intrusion detection.
  • the routing functionality may support upper level protocols, including, but not limited to: ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol).
  • a method 300 for routing data between network areas in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the method may begin.
  • the method 300 may include identifying a plurality of segmented network areas reachable from a network node. For example, a plurality of VPNs or VLANs may be identified.
  • network elements such as routers on a network implementing method 300 may utilize Provider Link State Bridging (PLSB) or IEEE 802.1aq.
  • PLSB Provider Link State Bridging
  • the method 300 may implement a link state routing protocol, such as Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) routing protocol, to learn and distribute network information, such as B-MAC addresses and I-SID values.
  • Network elements, such as routers and switches may use network information received from the IS-IS routing protocol to identify a plurality of network areas, such as VLANs associated with I-SID values.
  • the method 300 may include receiving network traffic at a network element.
  • network element 116 may receive data from computer 206 associated with a network area, such as a VLAN or more particularly a Customer VLAN.
  • the method 300 may include identifying a segmented network area associated with a Customer MAC (CMAC) address of the received network traffic.
  • CMAC Customer MAC
  • the customer MAC address may be associated with a network area such as a VLAN.
  • the method 300 may determine whether the destination network area is the same as the current network area. For example, if the CMAC is the MAC address of the current node (e.g., network element 116 ), then an internal logical routing interface using an internally terminated NNI, such as virtual routing instance 210 , may determine if the CMAC of the network traffic is destined to the router NNI. If so the network traffic may be routed at block 314 . If the CMAC of the network traffic is not a MAC address associated with the NNI, the network traffic may be bridged at block 312 . Other data flow treatments may be performed in place of routing or in addition to routing. For example, the routing of traffic may be denied by a firewall.
  • an internal logical routing interface using an internally terminated NNI such as virtual routing instance 210 .
  • the routing functionality may support upper level protocols, including, but not limited to: ARP (Address Resolution Protocol), RIP (Routing Information Protocol), OSPF (Open Shortest Path First), and BGP (Border Gateway Protocol).
  • ARP Address Resolution Protocol
  • RIP Raster Resolution Protocol
  • OSPF Open Shortest Path First
  • BGP Border Gateway Protocol
  • routing and/or other data flow treatments may be performed on a PLSB NNI interface between two network areas, such as VLANs.
  • the method may end.
  • routing between logical network subnets in accordance with the present disclosure as described above typically involves the processing of input data and the generation of output data to some extent.
  • This input data processing and output data generation may be implemented in hardware or software.
  • specific electronic components may be employed in a router or similar or related circuitry for implementing the functions associated with data flow control between network areas in accordance with the present disclosure as described above.
  • one or more processors operating in accordance with instructions may implement the functions associated with data flow control between network areas in accordance with the present disclosure as described above.
  • Such instructions may be stored on one or more processor readable media (e.g., a magnetic disk or other storage medium), or transmitted to one or more processors via one or more signals embodied in one or more carrier waves.
  • processor readable media e.g., a magnetic disk or other storage medium

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
US12/483,690 2007-09-04 2009-06-12 Techniques for routing data between network areas Abandoned US20100316056A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/483,690 US20100316056A1 (en) 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 Techniques for routing data between network areas
RU2011153500/08A RU2544766C2 (ru) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 Способ, устройство и система маршрутизации данных между сегментами сетей
JP2012515053A JP2012529855A (ja) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 ネットワークエリア間でデータをルーティングする技術
CN2010800257928A CN102484604A (zh) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 用于在网络区域之间路由数据的技术
PCT/US2010/037733 WO2010144418A1 (fr) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 Techniques de routage de données entre des régions de réseau
KR1020127000777A KR20120060810A (ko) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 통신망 사이에서 데이터를 라우팅하는 기술
BR112012000198A BR112012000198A2 (pt) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 técnicas para roteamento de dados entre áreas de rede.
CA2764632A CA2764632A1 (fr) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 Techniques de routage de donnees entre des regions de reseau
EP10786672.5A EP2441214A4 (fr) 2009-06-12 2010-06-08 Techniques de routage de données entre des régions de réseau
US13/451,776 US9001829B2 (en) 2007-09-04 2012-04-20 Techniques for routing data between network areas

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US12/483,690 US20100316056A1 (en) 2009-06-12 2009-06-12 Techniques for routing data between network areas

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US (2) US20100316056A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2441214A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2012529855A (fr)
KR (1) KR20120060810A (fr)
CN (1) CN102484604A (fr)
BR (1) BR112012000198A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2764632A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2544766C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010144418A1 (fr)

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US9001829B2 (en) 2015-04-07
BR112012000198A2 (pt) 2017-10-24
JP2012529855A (ja) 2012-11-22
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KR20120060810A (ko) 2012-06-12
US20120233350A1 (en) 2012-09-13
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RU2544766C2 (ru) 2015-03-20

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