US20100154297A1

US20100154297A1 - Oxidizer of burner

Info

Publication number: US20100154297A1
Application number: US12/342,533
Authority: US
Inventors: Yei-Chin Chao; Guan-Bang Chen; Chih-Yung Wu; Hung-Wei Hsu; Chih-peng Chen
Original assignee: Dan Jet Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: NATIONAL CHENG-KUNG UNIVERSITY (NCKU)
Priority date: 2008-12-23
Filing date: 2008-12-23
Publication date: 2010-06-24

Abstract

The present invention pertains to a liquid oxidizer of burner consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O, water) . Wherein the proportion of the H₂O₂is 30˜100% and the proportion of the H₂O is 0˜70%. Whereby, the oxidizer is added into the burner and is subjected to decomposition or catalysis by heating or a catalyst so that it could be transformed into heating steam and gaseous oxygen. Accordingly, the oxidizer possessing the high oxidization accelerates the burning speed of blazing wastes within the burner, and the wastes and firing would be efficiently burnt away. Therefore, the burning effect is advanced, and the emission of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and pollutants are certainly decreased.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an oxidizer, in particular to an oxidizer of burner that renders a preferable burning efficiency and decreases the discharging of burnt contaminants and pollutants.
2. Description of the Related Art
Burners such as boilers and incinerators are generally used in industry to generate energy and eliminate wastes. The steam and hot water produced by burning could apply in generating electric power, steam/electricity cogeneration, industrial procedure, heating system, and so on. Recently, as the fuel price is soaring high and the global warming and environmental deterioration become a general intensive concern, the aspect upon fuel economy, i.e. enhanced burning efficiency, low pollutant, and contaminating emissions, becomes an important timely issue.
Comprehensibly, a substance, especially for a solid one, is always burnt from its surface toward the interior when the heating temperature progressively increases. However, the deficiency attendant on such typical burning is to induce a slow and incomplete combustion reaction in virtue of the lack of sufficient oxygen among the interiority and failing to contact the exterior oxygen, which results in decreasing combustion efficiency and releasing contaminants to considerably pollute the environment.
Referring to FIG. 1, the general operation of the incinerator 1 burning wastes 2 (for instance of trash), the wastes 2 are placed within the incinerator 1. The burning would not start until a sufficient collection of the wastes 2 attains. Whereby, the accumulation of the wastes 2 is tight in the sense that merely the top surface thereof could contact external oxygen, except for others below the surface level. Hence, the pyrolysis only reacts on the top surface of the wastes 2 to perform burning, and the interior of the wastes 2 becomes arduous to be burnt as a result of the lack of high temperature and enough oxygen. In this manner, the burning is incomplete due to that the wastes 2 are not exhaustively burnt away, and pollutant air such as carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and soot is hence generated.
In consideration of promoting the burning completion and speed, a combustion promoter 3 such as fuel oil or solid refuse derived fuel (RDF) is generally added into the wastes 2 during burning. However, although the promoter 3 could infiltrate the tight-heap wastes 2, promote the burning speed, and raise the temperature, its tight accumulation still makes the interior or bottom of wastes 2 incapable of directly contacting the exterior oxygen. Therefore, the burning still starts from the top surface and propagates sluggishly or difficultly toward the interior. The problems of a slow burning speed, a poor efficiency, and an incomplete combustion are still manifested.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to provide an oxidizer of burner possessed of high oxidization that facilitates to increase the burning speed and burns waste far more completely, so as to enhance the efficiency and decrease the producing of pollutants from burning.
The oxidizer of burner in accordance with the present invention mainly provides a burner or a combustion chamber with an oxidizer. Wherein, the oxidizer is a liquid compound consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O, water). Herein the oxidizer is mixed in the proportion of a range of 30˜100% H₂O₂to a range of 0˜70% H₂O. Whereby, the oxidizer sprayed on wastes is heated and transformed into heating steam and gaseous oxygen by burning the wastes within the combustion chamber. As a result, the high oxidization of the oxidizer speeds up burning and promotes burning efficiency as well as complete combustion. Therefore, the generations of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) and particulates deemed as pollutants are preferably decreased.
The advantages of the present invention over the known prior arts will become more apparent to those of ordinary skilled in the art by reading the following descriptions with relating drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A and 1B are schematic views showing a conventional invention;

FIG. 2A and 2B are schematic views showing the first preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 3 shows the photo for an experiment illustration of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Before describing in greater details, it should note that the like elements are denoted by the similar reference numerals throughout the disclosure.
Referring to FIG. 2 showing the present invention, a burner 4 includes a combustion chamber 41 for receiving wastes 5 on which an oxidizer 6 could be scattered. Wherein, the burner 4, such as a fire tray, an incinerator, or a boiler, mainly served to burn the wastes 5 that could be directed to trash, the burner 4 herein is directed to an incinerator 4.
Further, the oxidizer 6 is a liquid compound essentially consisting of a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 61 and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O, water) 62. Wherein the H₂O₂ 61 is in the proportion of 30˜100% (percent by weight) and the H₂O 62 is in the proportion of 0˜70% (percent by weight). Moreover, the oxidizer 6 could be directly applied on the trash 5 before the burning, or alternatively be sprayed on the surface of the trash 5 during the burning for enhanced oxidizer decomposition. Herein the following descriptions depict the addition of the oxidizer 6 on the surface of the trash 5 before burning.
Further referring to FIG. 2, in order to avoid the environmental pollution, the oxidizer 6 is previously blent according to afore proportions of elements as well as the property of the trash 5 to be burnt. Then, before placing the trash 5 in the incinerator 4, the liquid oxidizer 6 is sprayed on the surface of the trash 5. Herein, the liquid oxidizer 6 can readily infiltrate into the interior or bottom trash 5. After placing the trash 5 in the incinerator 4, a firing (i.e. by external means, not shown) used to be arranged within the incinerator 4 serves to ignite and burn the top surface of the trash 5 and drastically enhance decomposition of the oxidizer 6 into gaseous oxygen 611 and heating steam 621 with significant heat release under the high temperature inside the chamber 41. Accordingly, not only the top surface of trash 5 but also the interior and bottom trash 5 along with the firing could attain a favorable burning since the oxygen 611 can abundantly spread among the trash 5. Wherein, the chemical reaction formula showing the decomposition of the oxidizer 6 sets forth below:
H₂O₂→H₂O+1/2O₂+98.2 kJ/mol
In practice, the hydrogen peroxide 61 is previously diluted by water 62 to lower the concentration thereof for a safety concern of overheat. Whereas, the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 61 essentially possesses the property of oxidization higher than those of chlorine, chlorine dioxide, or potassium permanganate and would further enhance such advantaged property subordinated to that of fluorine in the periodic table of elements while the H₂O₂ 61 is also decomposed into hydroxyl (OH—) in the flame of fuel combustion or by the catalysis of the catalyst. In general, the oxidizer 6 alone is decomposed to produce oxygen (O₂) 611 and water (H₂O) 621. Such generation of the hydroxyl (OH—) in the flame is accordingly proven by the sensitivity analysis of chemical reactions that it is helpful to directly enhance the burning velocity. Alternatively, if the hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 61 associates with the firing made from hydrocarbon, the heated hydrogen peroxide 61 becomes the supporter or oxidant for decreasing the heating absorption of nitrogen and greatly raising the burning temperature within the combustion chamber 41 as compared to burning with air. As a result, the burning efficiency of the firing along with the wastes 5 is evidently promoted by the cooperation of the gaseous oxygen 611 and heating steam 621 as well as significant amount of heat release and oxygenated combustion, which respectively results from the heated oxidizer 6 in which the hydrogen oxygen 61 decomposes into superheat and gaseous oxygen 611, and the water 62 vaporizes into heating steam 621.
Further, the oxidizer 6 of the present invention is put to the following experiments:

Test 1 (For Application On Burning Wooden Shavings):

Two shares of wooden shavings at the same weight of 20 g are provided on two discrete fire trays. One is sprayed by the oxidizer relative to the previous specific proportion; the other is directly burnt. The results and photos are shown as following table 1 and FIG. 3:

	TABLE 1

	Burning subject	Burning effect

	Wooden shavings with oxidizer	Firing in 2 seconds
	(A tray)	without redundancy
	Wooden shavings (B tray)	Difficult to set them
		alight, and need long
		burning time

The above results prove that the oxidizer indeed significantly promotes the burning speed and complete combustion. That is because, during burning, the wooden shavings with oxidizer on A tray has sufficient oxygen fully disseminated therearound, that is, to have the oxygen swiftly infiltrate from the top into the interior of the shavings without being affected by the heaped wooden shavings. Therefore, the burning speed is promoted and the burning is far more complete, which entirely differentiates from the simply and directly burning the wooden shavings of B tray that inevitably incurs the occurrences of considerable smoke, air pollution, and incomplete burning.
Test 2 (For Application On A boiler for Firing Wastes of Refuse Derived Fuel, RDF):
The oxidizer is added during burning to render the swift infiltration from the surface into the interior of the wastes by the oxidizer's powerful oxidization as well as high conductivity of the heating steam. Therefore, the burning efficiency is evidently advanced to greatly improve the thermal exchange so as to average the burning effect and reduce the release of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC), and other contaminants.
In addition, it is found that if to deem methane (CH₄) as a firing and to add different proportions of oxidizer into wastes under the circumstances of the 1.0 equivalence ratio and initial temperature at 150° C., the experiments on the adiabatic temperature and the laminar burning velocity would present as follows:

TABLE 2

	Adiabatic	Laminar Burning
Oxidizer	Temperature (k)	Velocity (m/s)

air	2286	0.71
100% O₂	3065	4.80
100% H₂O₂	2811	4.62
100% (H₂O + O₂)	2458	1.20
50% H₂O₂+ 50% H₂O	2450	2.22

The results from table 2 present that while the proportions of the H₂O₂and H₂O are respective 50%, the burning speed of the wastes is faster approximately at three times than that of air.
For whatever application of the oxidizer on burners, they substantially need to add the oxidizer into wastes, for the heated oxidizer would be decomposed and transformed into gaseous oxygen and heating steam to scatter among the interiors of the wastes or the firings. Wherein, the gaseous oxygen urges burning, and the heating steam advances convection temperature of burning. By means of the sufficient oxygen as well as adequate temperature, the burning reaction would swiftly get into the interior and bottom wastes as well as the solid firing, rendering a far more complete burning and higher burning efficiency. Accordingly, not only the burning time shortens but also the problem of releasing carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon, and other pollutants is reduced.
Furthermore, besides being diluted with water to decrease the concentration, the hydrogen peroxide of the present oxidizer could additionally associates with a stabilizer to control the stability thereof and prevent from the risk of high activity. Wherein, the stabilizer could be phosphate, stannate, nitrate, or other appropriate elements whose ion concentration is below 10⁻². Whereby, the addition of the stabilizer increases the using safety, and the stabilized oxidizer would be readily stored or delivered because its high activity becomes stable.
Thus, the present invention has the following improvements:

1. The high oxidization of the heating hydrogen peroxide promotes the burning reaction of the wastes to speed up the burning by the swift infiltration from the top surface into the interior of wastes. Thus, the sufficient oxygen spreading among the wastes facilitates to average the burning effect (burning far more completely) and decrease the generations of carbon monoxide, unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) and noxious contaminants.
2. The ingredients of the oxidizer are low toxicant for human body, so no instant dangers would occur. Wherein, the vapor pressure of the hydrogen peroxide is merely about 300 Pa at the room temperature, so that the property of the hydrogen peroxide for uneasily evaporating substantially coincides with the request of safety protection. Besides, the addition of the stabilizer can further increase the using safety.
3. Although the hydrogen peroxide of high concentration would decrease its decomposing speed by dilution, the diluted hydrogen peroxide thereof would be more stable for handling. Moreover, it may concern that the hydrogen peroxide would restrain the development of microorganism in water. However, in fact, the hydrogen peroxide composed of hydrogen and oxygen would not accumulate within organism and not severely harm the organism.

To sum up, the present invention takes advantages of an oxidizer possessing heating steam with high conductivity and powerful oxidization under the circumstance of heating. Thus, the burning speed of wastes within a burner would be promoted by means of the addition of the oxidizer, so as to advance the burning efficiency and attain a more complete burning effect. Accordingly, the release of carbon monoxide and unburnt hydrocarbon is reduced to decrease damages to environment.
While we have shown and described the embodiment in accordance with the present invention, it should be clear to those skilled in the art that further embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An oxidizer of a burner; said burner including a combustion chamber for receiving wastes;

wherein, said oxidizer essentially comprised of a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and a dihydrogen monoxide (H₂O) to perform into a liquid compound, in which said H₂O₂being of an addition within a proportion of 30˜100% (percent by weight) and said H₂O being of an addition within a proportion of 0˜70% (percent by weight); whereby said liquid oxidizer subjoined into said wastes being able to be transformed into heating steam and gaseous oxygen by placing said wastes within said combustion chamber, so as to assist in burning wastes.

2. The oxidizer of burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein, a stabilizer is added into said oxidizer.

3. The oxidizer of burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein said stabilizer is phosphate and the concentration of ion within said stabilizer is below 10⁻².

4. The oxidizer of burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein said stabilizer is stannate and the concentration of ion within said stabilizer is below 10⁻².

5. The oxidizer of burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein said stabilizer is nitrate and the concentration of ion within said stabilizer is below 10⁻².