US20100150772A1 - Hot-forming steel alloy - Google Patents

Hot-forming steel alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100150772A1
US20100150772A1 US12/621,882 US62188209A US2010150772A1 US 20100150772 A1 US20100150772 A1 US 20100150772A1 US 62188209 A US62188209 A US 62188209A US 2010150772 A1 US2010150772 A1 US 2010150772A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
alloy
weight
present
hot
alloy comprises
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/621,882
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ingo SILLER
Herbert Schweiger
Devrim Caliskanoglu
Silvia ZINNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG
Assigned to BOEHLER EDELSTAHL GMBH & CO KG reassignment BOEHLER EDELSTAHL GMBH & CO KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SCHWEIGER, HERBERT, Zinner, Silvia, Siller, Ingo, CALISKANOGLU, DEVRIM
Publication of US20100150772A1 publication Critical patent/US20100150772A1/en
Priority to US14/750,222 priority Critical patent/US20150292067A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hot-forming steel alloy with high toughness and at the same time a great hardening depth and/or improved martensitic through-hardening capability with a thermal quenching and tempering of products such as, for example, die-casting dies or extrusion dies and the like.
  • a thermal quenching and tempering of a part, e.g., of hot-forming steel, to adjust a high material hardness at operating temperatures of the part up to about 550° C. and more essentially means heating the material to a temperature at which it has a cubic face-centered atomic structure or an austenitic structure, followed by a forced cooling to obtain a martensitic structure and a subsequent tempering treatment, optionally multiple times, at temperatures of generally more than about 500° C.
  • the stresses in the material formed during the cooling and structural transformation are reduced at least in part, and on the other hand the material hardness is increased or a so-called secondary increase in hardness is achieved due to carbide precipitates.
  • a transformation of an austenitic structure into a martensitic structure calls for a minimum cooling rate of the material, because this transformation takes place as a diffusionless flip-over process of the atomic structure due to a markedly high subcooling. Lower cooling rates lead to the formation of a bainite or pearlite structure.
  • the properties of a material depend on the chemical composition thereof and on the microstructure thereof adjusted by a thermal treatment and produce therefrom a specific property profile of a part.
  • the chemical composition of a material and the intensity of the cooling or the heat dissipation from the surface during the hardening of the part determine the microstructure in the region of the surface and, due to the rewarming from the interior of the part, the microstructural development depending on the distance from the part surface.
  • the respective local fine structure determines the material properties of the thermally quenched and tempered material locally present.
  • hot-forming materials for die cast molds and the like are subject to increasing stresses through shortened press sequence times and increased casting pressures. Furthermore, complex geometries of the mold cavities are provided to an increasing extent, so that much higher total stresses of the material are present overall. These total stresses can cause tool failure due to stress cracks, fire cracks, coarse fracture, corrosion and erosion, so that materials with a high hardness and strength as well as high toughness and ductility at the same time are required. However, these required properties depend on the chemical composition of the alloy and the tempered properties of the same resulting therefrom.
  • Material no. 1.2343 is used for “highly stressed tools, dies and presses.”
  • the above materials have a high hardening depth and a deep-reaching tempering quality to required hardness values between 50 and 55 HRC.
  • their toughness properties are low, which can be a disadvantage for the wearing qualities of die casting molds.
  • the present invention provides a hot-forming steel alloy.
  • the alloy comprises the following elements in % by weight, based on the total weight of the alloy:
  • Carbon (C) from about 0.35 to about 0.42
  • Silicon (Si) from about 0.15 to about 0.29
  • Manganese (Mn) from about 0.40 to about 0.70
  • Molybdenum (Mo) from about 1.50 to about 1.95
  • Vanadium (V) from about 0.40 to about 0.75
  • Nitrogen (N) from about 0.011 to about 0.016
  • Phosphorus (P) not more than about 0.005
  • Nickel (Ni) not more than about 0.10
  • Tungsten (W) not more than about 0.10
  • Copper (Cu) not more than about 0.10
  • Co Cobalt (Co) not more than about 0.10
  • Titanium (Ti) not more than about 0.008
  • Niobium (Nb) not more than about 0.03
  • Arsenic (As) not more than about 0.01
  • Tin (Sn) not more than about 0.0025
  • Antimony (Sb) not more than about 0.01
  • Zinc (Zn) not more than about 0.001
  • the alloy of the present invention may comprise:
  • the alloy of the present invention may comprise, in % by weight:
  • Carbon (C) from about 0.37 to about 0.40
  • Silicon (Si) from about 0.16 to about 0.28
  • Manganese (Mn) from about 0.45 to about 0.60
  • Chromium (Cr) from about 4.80 to about 5.20
  • Molybdenum (Mo) from about 1.55 to about 1.90
  • V Vanadium (V) from about 0.45 to about 0.70
  • Nitrogen (N) from about 0.012 to about 0.015.
  • the alloy may comprise, in % by weight:
  • Carbon (C) from about 0.37 to about 0.40
  • Silicon (Si) from about 0.18 to about 0.25
  • Manganese (Mn) from about 0.50 to about 0.58
  • Chromium (Cr) from about 4.90 to about 5.10
  • Molybdenum (Mo) from about 1.65 to about 1.80
  • V Vanadium (V) from about 0.52 to about 0.60
  • Nitrogen (N) from about 0.012 to about 0.015.
  • the present invention also provides a part which comprises the alloy of the present invention as set forth above (including the various aspects thereof).
  • the part may, for example, be a die-casting die or an extruder, or a part of a die-casting die or an extruder.
  • FIG. 1 is a graph showing impact strength values of tested materials after a thermal quenching and tempering as a function of the cooling parameters in the hardening treatment.
  • the present invention provides a hot-working steel alloy which comprises the alloying elements in the following concentrations in % by weight, based on the total weight of the alloy:
  • the elements overall in particular the elements silicon, molybdenum, vanadium and nitrogen, are coordinated with one another in terms of transformation kinetics so that a desired strength and hardness with a high toughness of the material can be achieved with a thermal quenching and tempering with a reduced cooling rate during hardening.
  • a further significant increase in the toughness properties of the tempered and quenched material can be achieved when the hot-working steel alloy has the following concentrations of one or all of the following impurity elements in % by weight, based on the total weight of the alloy:
  • the above elements can form either precipitates or compounds which are enriched in particular at the grain boundaries and result in a leap-like reduction of the toughness properties of the material once a concentration limit is reached or they cause grain boundary coatings, which likewise have an unfavorable effect.
  • the hot-forming steel alloy may contain one or more of the alloying elements in the following concentrations in % by weight, based on the total weight of the alloy:
  • this alloy according to the invention which makes particular demands on a smelting technology, it is possible to achieve high toughness values of the material even with low cooling rates in the thermal quenching and tempering process with high material hardnesses.
  • the test results are illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • Cooling parameter [ ⁇ ] corresponds to the time [in sec.] for a cooling from 800° C. to 500° C. divided by 100.
  • the materials no. 1.2343 with standard-conforming Si contents and no. 1.2367 have a lower toughness with a quenched and tempered hardness of 44 HRC, but have a remarkable through-hardening capability, which is documented by only slightly reduced toughness values as a function of the cooling parameter.
  • a test alloy W 350 according to the invention shows slightly lower toughness values at room temperature in the state quenched and tempered to 44 HRC compared to the So material no. 1.2343 (Si ⁇ 0.2% by weight), the toughness of the material remains essentially unchanged at superior high values even with reduced cooling rates or higher cooling parameters.
US12/621,882 2008-11-20 2009-11-19 Hot-forming steel alloy Abandoned US20100150772A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14/750,222 US20150292067A1 (en) 2008-11-20 2015-06-25 Hot-forming steel alloy

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1815/2008 2008-11-20
AT0181508A AT506790B1 (de) 2008-11-20 2008-11-20 Warmarbeitsstahl-legierung

Related Child Applications (1)

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US14/750,222 Continuation US20150292067A1 (en) 2008-11-20 2015-06-25 Hot-forming steel alloy

Publications (1)

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US20100150772A1 true US20100150772A1 (en) 2010-06-17

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US14/750,222 Abandoned US20150292067A1 (en) 2008-11-20 2015-06-25 Hot-forming steel alloy

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Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (2) US20100150772A1 (de)
EP (1) EP2194155B1 (de)
AT (2) AT506790B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2009238307C1 (de)
BR (1) BRPI0904501A2 (de)
CA (1) CA2686071C (de)
DE (1) DE502009000171D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2353192T3 (de)
PL (1) PL2194155T3 (de)
SI (1) SI2194155T1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA200908201B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100192476A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-08-05 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Wear-resistant material
EP3394309A4 (de) * 2015-12-22 2019-01-02 Uddeholms AB Warmarbeitsstahl
US11441200B2 (en) * 2018-12-06 2022-09-13 Suzhou Pressler Advanced Forming Technologies Co., Ltd. Method and device for preparing corrosion-resistant hot stamping part

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10975460B2 (en) 2015-01-28 2021-04-13 Daido Steel Co., Ltd. Steel powder and mold using the same
CN107400833A (zh) * 2017-08-30 2017-11-28 王延敏 一种钢结构升降系统制造工艺
CN112601832B (zh) * 2018-10-05 2022-03-01 日立金属株式会社 热作工具钢及热作工具

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2893902A (en) * 1959-02-04 1959-07-07 Vanadium Alloys Steel Co Heat treatment of steel
US3791819A (en) * 1968-11-12 1974-02-12 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Production of stainless steels
US6365096B1 (en) * 1998-03-27 2002-04-02 Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag Steel material for hot work tools
US20030098097A1 (en) * 2001-10-03 2003-05-29 Bohler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co. Kg Hot-working steel article
WO2008032816A1 (fr) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Acier à outils pour formage à chaud présentant d'excellentes qualités de rigidité et de résistance à des températures élevées, et son procédé de production

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT403058B (de) * 1995-03-23 1997-11-25 Boehler Edelstahl Eisenbasislegierung zur verwendung bei erhöhter temperatur und werkzeug aus dieser legierung
JPH08269625A (ja) * 1995-03-31 1996-10-15 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 高温強度と靭性に優れた熱間工具鋼
ATE217360T1 (de) * 1998-02-27 2002-05-15 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Eisenbasislegierung zur verwendung bei erhöhten temperaturen

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2893902A (en) * 1959-02-04 1959-07-07 Vanadium Alloys Steel Co Heat treatment of steel
US3791819A (en) * 1968-11-12 1974-02-12 Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp Production of stainless steels
US6365096B1 (en) * 1998-03-27 2002-04-02 Uddeholm Tooling Aktiebolag Steel material for hot work tools
US20030098097A1 (en) * 2001-10-03 2003-05-29 Bohler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co. Kg Hot-working steel article
US6773662B2 (en) * 2001-10-03 2004-08-10 Böhler Edelstahl GmbH & Co KG Hot-working steel article
WO2008032816A1 (fr) * 2006-09-15 2008-03-20 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Acier à outils pour formage à chaud présentant d'excellentes qualités de rigidité et de résistance à des températures élevées, et son procédé de production
US20100193089A1 (en) * 2006-09-15 2010-08-05 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Hot-working tool steel having excellent toughness and high-temperature strength and method for production thereof

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
R. Fruehan and S. Misra, "Hydrogen and Nitrogen Control in Ladle and Casting Operations," Scientific & Technical Information (STI) Report for the U.S. Department of Energy, Jan. 15, 2005. *
R. Shivpuri and S. Lee Semiatin, "Friction and Wear of Dies and Die Materials: Materials for Dies and Molds," Vol. 18: Friction, Lubrication, and Wear Technology, ASM Handbooks Online, ASM International, 2002. *
S. Misra, Y. Li, I. Sohn, "Hydrogen and Nitrogen Control in Steelmaking at U.S. Steel," Iron & Steel Technology Conference and Exposition, AISTech 2009, pp. 43-52. *

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100192476A1 (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-08-05 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Wear-resistant material
US8623108B2 (en) * 2009-01-14 2014-01-07 Boehler Edelstahl Gmbh & Co Kg Wear-resistant material
EP3394309A4 (de) * 2015-12-22 2019-01-02 Uddeholms AB Warmarbeitsstahl
JP2019504197A (ja) * 2015-12-22 2019-02-14 ウッデホルムズ アーベー 熱間工具鋼
US11131012B2 (en) 2015-12-22 2021-09-28 Uddeholms Ab Hot work tool steel
JP7045315B2 (ja) 2015-12-22 2022-03-31 ウッデホルムズ アーベー 熱間工具鋼
US11441200B2 (en) * 2018-12-06 2022-09-13 Suzhou Pressler Advanced Forming Technologies Co., Ltd. Method and device for preparing corrosion-resistant hot stamping part

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20150292067A1 (en) 2015-10-15
AU2009238307B2 (en) 2013-12-19
SI2194155T1 (sl) 2011-01-31
ZA200908201B (en) 2011-02-23
EP2194155A1 (de) 2010-06-09
CA2686071A1 (en) 2010-05-20
AT506790A4 (de) 2009-12-15
ES2353192T3 (es) 2011-02-28
AT506790B1 (de) 2009-12-15
AU2009238307A1 (en) 2010-06-03
AU2009238307C1 (en) 2014-03-13
ATE487805T1 (de) 2010-11-15
CA2686071C (en) 2014-01-28
DE502009000171D1 (de) 2010-12-23
PL2194155T3 (pl) 2011-04-29
BRPI0904501A2 (pt) 2011-02-08
EP2194155B1 (de) 2010-11-10

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Owner name: BOEHLER EDELSTAHL GMBH & CO KG,AUSTRIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:SILLER, INGO;SCHWEIGER, HERBERT;CALISKANOGLU, DEVRIM;AND OTHERS;SIGNING DATES FROM 20091214 TO 20100121;REEL/FRAME:023978/0596

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

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