US20100043381A1 - Multi-strand steel wire rope - Google Patents

Multi-strand steel wire rope Download PDF

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Publication number
US20100043381A1
US20100043381A1 US12/513,318 US51331807A US2010043381A1 US 20100043381 A1 US20100043381 A1 US 20100043381A1 US 51331807 A US51331807 A US 51331807A US 2010043381 A1 US2010043381 A1 US 2010043381A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
strand
strands
deep
steel wire
core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/513,318
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English (en)
Inventor
Michiel Nicolaas Van Zyl
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Publication of US20100043381A1 publication Critical patent/US20100043381A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/08—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core the layers of which are formed of profiled interlocking wires, i.e. the strands forming concentric layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
    • D07B5/10—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form from strands of non-circular cross-section
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
    • D07B1/0673—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
    • D07B1/068—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration characterised by the strand design
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/12—Ropes or cables with a hollow core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1012—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure
    • D07B2201/102—Rope or cable structures characterised by their internal structure including a core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
    • D07B2201/1032—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands three to eight strands respectively forming a single layer
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1048—Rope or cable structures twisted using regular lay, i.e. the wires or filaments being parallel to rope axis
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
    • D07B2201/104—Rope or cable structures twisted
    • D07B2201/1052—Rope or cable structures twisted using lang lay, i.e. the wires or filaments being inclined relative to the rope axis
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2016—Strands characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2023—Strands with core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2036—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/2037—Strands characterised by the use of different wires or filaments regarding the dimension of the wires or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2038—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments
    • D07B2201/204—Strands characterised by the number of wires or filaments nine or more wires or filaments respectively forming multiple layers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2047—Cores
    • D07B2201/2048—Cores characterised by their cross-sectional shape
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
    • D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2401/2015—Killing or avoiding twist

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a multi-strand steel wire rope and to individual strands of a wire rope.
  • a multi-strand steel wire rope has steel wires spun into strands, and the strands are then laid up helically, typically about a core, in one or more layers.
  • FIG. 1 shows a typical example of a conventional single layer multi-strand steel wire rope, indicated generally by the numeral 1 .
  • the rope 1 has a core 2 about which a single layer of strands 3 is laid up.
  • the core 2 is typically made of a fibre such as sisal, a synthetic polymeric material such as polypropylene or another steel wire strand, or the core area may be vacant.
  • the numeral 4 designates the core of each strand, the numeral 5 an inner wire of the strand and the numeral 6 an outer wire of the strand.
  • the rope is referred to as being of ordinary or regular lay construction. If the wires 6 are laid up in the same helical direction as the strand itself, the rope is referred to as being of Lang's lay construction.
  • Ropes with a single layer of strands for convenience referred to in this specification as “single layer ropes”, generally generate a torque when subjected to tensile load. The result of this is that if one end of the rope is free to rotate the rope as a whole will tend to untwist in order to alleviate the torque which is generated. This untwisting may be highly undesirable in certain applications, for example where the rope is used to raise a load which is not restrained from spinning. In such cases, non-spin ropes are used. Such ropes generally have more than one layer of strands, with an outer layer of strands laid up on an inner layer of strands but in the opposite helical direction to the strands of the inner layer. In this way an attempt is made to balance the torque generated by the respective layers when the rope is under tensile load.
  • multi-layer ropes ropes with more than one layer of strands are referred to as “multi-layer” ropes.
  • multi-layer ropes can counter the tendency of the rope to untwist they are generally less stable and robust than single layer ropes. Also, magnetic non-destructive testing of single layer ropes tends to be more accurate and reliable than is the case with multi-layer ropes.
  • the strands of known steel wire ropes may take different forms.
  • An example of a round strand is shown in FIG. 2 in which the numerals 7 and 8 respectively indicate the “height” and “width” of the strand.
  • the “height” of the strand is the cross-sectional dimension of the strand measured, in the laid up rope, in a radial direction corresponding to the indicated Y-Y axis.
  • the “width” of the strand is the cross-sectional measured, in the laid up rope, in a circumferential or tangential direction corresponding to the indicated X-X axis.
  • the ratio height:width is substantially equal to unity and the bending stiffness of the strand about the X-X axis is substantially equal to the bending stiffness about the Y-Y axis.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a known triangular strand in which the core 4 has the cross-sectional shape of an equilateral triangle.
  • the ratio height:width will typically be of the order of 0.98, i.e close to unity.
  • the bending stiffness about the X-X axis is again substantially equal to the bending stiffness about the Y-Y axis.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of another known strand form known as an “8 over 2 wire” strand composed of wires 9 .
  • the ratio height:width is substantially less than unity and may for instance be about 0.69.
  • the bending stiffness of such a strand about the X-X axis is substantially less than its bending stiffness about the Y-Y axis.
  • a multi-strand steel wire rope comprising multiple strands laid up helically on a core, at least some of the strands being deep strands, i.e. strands with a height:width ratio greater than unity, preferably 1.04 or greater.
  • the rope is of a single layer construction.
  • Each deep strand may includes a core having the cross-sectional shape of a non-equilateral triangle.
  • each deep strand may comprise, in cross-section, parallel rows of wires arranged generally radially.
  • a strand for a multi-strand steel wire rope the strand being a deep strand having a ratio height:width of 1.04 or greater.
  • the strand may have a core with the cross-sectional shape of a non-equilateral triangle and wires laid up on the core, or it may comprise, in cross-section, parallel rows of wires arranged generally radially.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a conventional multi-strand steel wire rope
  • FIGS. 2 to 4 illustrate different, conventional strand configurations used in multi-strand steel wire ropes
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a deep strand of a multi-strand steel wire rope according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6 to 10 illustrate different multi-strand steel wire ropes according to the invention.
  • the multi-strand steel wire rope seen in FIG. 1 has been described above, as have the different strand configurations seen in FIGS. 2 to 4 .
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a deep strand 10 according to this invention.
  • the strand 10 has a core 12 having the cross-sectional shape of a non-equilateral isosceles triangle, with two sides 14 and 16 of equal length and a shorter third side 18 .
  • An inner layer of steel wires 20 is laid up helically on the core 12 and an outer layer of steel wires 22 is laid up helically on the inner wires.
  • the numeral 24 indicates the cross-sectional height of the strand 10 .
  • this is the radial dimension of the strand, i.e. the cross-sectional dimension of the strand, when laid up in a multi-strand steel wire rope, measured in a radial direction with respect to the central axis of the rope.
  • the numeral 26 indicates the cross-sectional width of the strand 10 , i.e. the circumferential or tangential cross-sectional dimension of the strand, measured perpendicularly to the radial direction, when laid up in the rope.
  • the parameters are such that the ratio height:width is of the order of 1.12.
  • a deep strand 10 of FIG. 5 is referred to as a deep triangular strand. It will be understood that a deep strand according to the invention may comprise a shaped core, as in FIG. 5 , with only a single layer of wires instead of multiple layers of wires.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a multi-strand steel wire rope 28 which has a core 30 and five closely adjacent and equally spaced deep triangular strands 10 of FIG. 5 type laid up helically in a single layer on the core.
  • FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a single layer multi-strand steel wire rope 32 which has a core 34 and nine closely adjacent and equally spaced deep triangular strands 10 of FIG. 5 type laid up helically in a single layer on the core.
  • FIG. 8 shows a cross-sectional view of a single layer multi-strand steel wire rope 36 which includes deep strands having a form different to the deep triangular strand 10 of FIG. 5 .
  • each deep strand 38 has ten steel wires 40 arranged in generally radially extending, parallel rows 41 , such that the height 42 of the strand is greater than the width 44 thereof, i.e. the ratio height:width is greater than unity.
  • the ratio height:width may, for instance be of the order of 1.46:1.
  • three deep strands 38 are spaced apart from one another and alternate circumferentially with three conventional, round strands similar to the strand 3 described previously with reference to FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a single layer multi-strand steel wire rope 46 which includes deep strands 38 .
  • the ratio height:width of each deep strand 38 is greater than unity and may, as in FIG. 8 , be of the order of 1.46:1.
  • FIG. 9 differs from that of FIG. 8 in that there are four spaced apart deep strands 38 alternating with four round strands 3 of FIG. 2 type.
  • FIG. 10 shows a cross-sectional view of a single layer multi-strand steel wire rope 50 which includes four closely adjacent deep strands 38 and four round strands 3 .
  • the round strands 3 are laid up helically as fillers between the deep strands 38 but do not cover them so that the construction does, in effect, remain a single layer construction.
  • tensile force applied to a single layer multi-strand rope will generate a torque, i.e. a force tending to untwist the rope, when the rope is subjected to tensile load.
  • the present invention is based upon the recognition by the inventor that the tensile force In a rope can be resolved into components of torque-generating shear force and longitudinal force.
  • the inventor has furthermore recognised that in order to reduce the tendency of a single layer multi-strand rope to untwist under tensile load, the bending stiffness of the strands of the rope about the appropriate axes should be Increased relative to the torsional stiffness of the strands, i.e. the resistance of the strands to twisting under the shear-generated, applied torque forces acting about the axes of the strands.
  • the deep strands 10 and 38 described above will exhibit increased bending stiffness about the axis A-A in FIG. 6 , perpendicular to the radial direction and corresponding to the axis X-X in FIGS. 2 to 4 , compared to conventional strand configurations where the corresponding ratio is unity or less.
  • ropes with right hand or left hand lay including ropes with Lang's lay or ordinary lay, ropes in which the strands are simple strands with a single layer of wires over the core, ropes in which the strands are compound strands with two or more layers of wires laid up on the core, irrespective of whether the wires are laid up in the same or different helical directions in the different layers, ropes in which the strands have metallic or non-metallic cores, irrespective of whether the strand cores are of plaited or other construction, ropes in which the rope core is metallic or non-metallic or in the form of a strand or otherwise, and ropes in which the strands and/or ropes themselves are encapsulated.

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  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
US12/513,318 2006-11-01 2007-11-01 Multi-strand steel wire rope Abandoned US20100043381A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA200609106 2006-11-01
ZA2006/09106 2006-11-01
PCT/IB2007/054432 WO2008053447A1 (en) 2006-11-01 2007-11-01 Multi-strand steel wire rope

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20100043381A1 true US20100043381A1 (en) 2010-02-25

Family

ID=39203199

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/513,318 Abandoned US20100043381A1 (en) 2006-11-01 2007-11-01 Multi-strand steel wire rope

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US (1) US20100043381A1 (pt)
EP (1) EP2094906A1 (pt)
JP (1) JP2010508450A (pt)
KR (1) KR20090085664A (pt)
CN (1) CN101553616A (pt)
AU (1) AU2007315696A1 (pt)
BR (1) BRPI0716294A2 (pt)
CA (1) CA2668495A1 (pt)
MX (1) MX2009004673A (pt)
RU (1) RU2009120577A (pt)
WO (1) WO2008053447A1 (pt)
ZA (1) ZA200903798B (pt)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120240548A1 (en) * 2009-12-07 2012-09-27 Lev Markovich Zaretsky Reinforcement cable
US20130227926A1 (en) * 2010-11-05 2013-09-05 Nv Bekaert Sa Compacted hybrid elevator rope
US20150285767A1 (en) * 2012-10-04 2015-10-08 Her Majesty The Queen in Right of Canada as Repres ented by the Minister of Natural Resources Canada Measurement of Lay Length of Wire Rope
US20170023347A1 (en) * 2014-04-02 2017-01-26 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada and Represented by the Minister of Natural Resources Device for Analysis of Synthetic Rope or Cable, and Method of Use
CN111764187A (zh) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-13 中复碳芯电缆科技有限公司 一种弹性体粘合的纤维增强复合线材及其制备方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102535211B (zh) * 2010-12-10 2015-11-18 鞍钢钢绳有限责任公司 一种超长多层股钢丝绳捻距的确定方法
CN106012625A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2016-10-12 贵州钢绳股份有限公司 一种磷化涂层钢丝绳

Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US401112A (en) * 1889-04-09 Wire cable
US429005A (en) * 1890-05-27 Wire rope
US975541A (en) * 1909-04-26 1910-11-15 Henry Leschen Wire rope.
US1393750A (en) * 1920-02-28 1921-10-18 Hilton P M Carter Sector-cable
US1943086A (en) * 1932-07-02 1934-01-09 Gen Cable Corp Electrical cable and method of manufacture
US2106060A (en) * 1935-10-01 1938-01-18 John K Ostrander Electric cable
US2122911A (en) * 1936-06-17 1938-07-05 Callenders Cable & Const Co Stranded member formed of wire or metal strip, particularly applicable to electric conductors
US3035403A (en) * 1961-06-06 1962-05-22 United States Steel Corp Stranded wire structures
US3691751A (en) * 1971-04-23 1972-09-19 Bethlehem Steel Corp Interlocked type wire strand
US4244172A (en) * 1979-02-01 1981-01-13 Glushko Mikhail F Flattened strand rope
US4709544A (en) * 1985-04-29 1987-12-01 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Reinforcement assembly having a layer comprising a shaped thread: articles comprising such assemblies
US5171942A (en) * 1991-02-28 1992-12-15 Southwire Company Oval shaped overhead conductor and method for making same
US5418333A (en) * 1993-07-08 1995-05-23 Southwire Company Stranded elliptical cable and method for optimizing manufacture thereof
US20070028584A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Tsan-Ching Wang Sport racket strings with hollow center core

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT37681B (de) * 1908-05-16 1909-06-25 Felten & Guilleaume Lahmeyerwe Drahtseil mit zwischen den Seillitzen eingelegten Zwischenlagen.
GB191026559A (en) * 1910-11-15 1911-10-12 Henry Leschen Improvements in Wire Ropes.
DE656123C (de) * 1935-06-19 1938-01-29 Paul Kintschel Sektorfoermige Litze fuer Drahtseile
FR981356A (fr) * 1948-12-30 1951-05-25 Perfectionnements aux câbles à torons triangulaires
US4106276A (en) * 1976-10-14 1978-08-15 Tokyo Rope Mfg. Co. Ltd. Non-rotating rope

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US401112A (en) * 1889-04-09 Wire cable
US429005A (en) * 1890-05-27 Wire rope
US975541A (en) * 1909-04-26 1910-11-15 Henry Leschen Wire rope.
US1393750A (en) * 1920-02-28 1921-10-18 Hilton P M Carter Sector-cable
US1943086A (en) * 1932-07-02 1934-01-09 Gen Cable Corp Electrical cable and method of manufacture
US2106060A (en) * 1935-10-01 1938-01-18 John K Ostrander Electric cable
US2122911A (en) * 1936-06-17 1938-07-05 Callenders Cable & Const Co Stranded member formed of wire or metal strip, particularly applicable to electric conductors
US3035403A (en) * 1961-06-06 1962-05-22 United States Steel Corp Stranded wire structures
US3691751A (en) * 1971-04-23 1972-09-19 Bethlehem Steel Corp Interlocked type wire strand
US4244172A (en) * 1979-02-01 1981-01-13 Glushko Mikhail F Flattened strand rope
US4709544A (en) * 1985-04-29 1987-12-01 Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin Reinforcement assembly having a layer comprising a shaped thread: articles comprising such assemblies
US5171942A (en) * 1991-02-28 1992-12-15 Southwire Company Oval shaped overhead conductor and method for making same
US5418333A (en) * 1993-07-08 1995-05-23 Southwire Company Stranded elliptical cable and method for optimizing manufacture thereof
US20070028584A1 (en) * 2005-08-02 2007-02-08 Tsan-Ching Wang Sport racket strings with hollow center core

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120240548A1 (en) * 2009-12-07 2012-09-27 Lev Markovich Zaretsky Reinforcement cable
US8677725B2 (en) * 2009-12-07 2014-03-25 Limited Liability Company “Armasteel” Reinforcement cable
US20130227926A1 (en) * 2010-11-05 2013-09-05 Nv Bekaert Sa Compacted hybrid elevator rope
US9309620B2 (en) * 2010-11-05 2016-04-12 Nv Bekaert Sa Compacted hybrid elevator rope
US20150285767A1 (en) * 2012-10-04 2015-10-08 Her Majesty The Queen in Right of Canada as Repres ented by the Minister of Natural Resources Canada Measurement of Lay Length of Wire Rope
US9470657B2 (en) * 2012-10-04 2016-10-18 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources Canada Measurement of lay length of wire rope
US20170023347A1 (en) * 2014-04-02 2017-01-26 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada and Represented by the Minister of Natural Resources Device for Analysis of Synthetic Rope or Cable, and Method of Use
US10352683B2 (en) * 2014-04-02 2019-07-16 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources Canada Device for analysis of synthetic rope or cable, and method of use
CN111764187A (zh) * 2020-07-09 2020-10-13 中复碳芯电缆科技有限公司 一种弹性体粘合的纤维增强复合线材及其制备方法

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RU2009120577A (ru) 2010-12-10
BRPI0716294A2 (pt) 2013-12-31
CA2668495A1 (en) 2008-05-08
JP2010508450A (ja) 2010-03-18
KR20090085664A (ko) 2009-08-07
WO2008053447A1 (en) 2008-05-08
EP2094906A1 (en) 2009-09-02
AU2007315696A1 (en) 2008-05-08
ZA200903798B (en) 2010-08-25
CN101553616A (zh) 2009-10-07
MX2009004673A (es) 2009-08-20

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