US20090238677A1 - Centrifugal compressor with air extraction and return at the casing - Google Patents
Centrifugal compressor with air extraction and return at the casing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090238677A1 US20090238677A1 US12/320,113 US32011309A US2009238677A1 US 20090238677 A1 US20090238677 A1 US 20090238677A1 US 32011309 A US32011309 A US 32011309A US 2009238677 A1 US2009238677 A1 US 2009238677A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- centrifugal compressor
- casing
- rotor
- extraction
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
- F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/685—Inducing localised fluid recirculation in the stator-rotor interface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
- F04D27/023—Details or means for fluid extraction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0207—Surge control by bleeding, bypassing or recycling fluids
- F04D27/0238—Details or means for fluid reinjection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
- F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
- F04D29/68—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers
- F04D29/681—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/682—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing by influencing boundary layers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps by fluid extraction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a centrifugal compressor with a rotor which is rotatably borne in a casing.
- Centrifugal compressors are known from the state of the art, for example from specification U.S. Pat. No. 3,643,675.
- centrifugal compressors While centrifugal compressors are capable of producing very high pressure ratios, they have the disadvantage that their efficiency is inferior to that of axial-flow compressors with the same pressure ratio. This is, among others, due to the fact that the rotor gap between rotor and casing ( FIG. 2 ) in relation to the blade height is very large as it must be capable, among others, of taking up the axial movement of the rotor to avoid contact between rotor and casing. The larger the rotor gap, the larger the gap losses and the lower the efficiency. Furthermore, the rotor gap limits the surge limit of the compressor, and the maximum obtainable pressure ratio of the compressor and the high-loss gap flow lead to blockage near the casing, inhomogeneity of the flow into the diffuser and an increase in diffuser losses.
- centrifugal compressor of the type specified at the beginning which, while being simply designed and featuring high efficiency, can be manufactured easily and cost-effectively and avoids the disadvantages of the state of the art.
- FIG. 1 (Prior Art) is a schematic sketch of a known centrifugal compressor
- FIG. 2 (Prior Art) is a schematic sketch of a known centrifugal compressor rotor
- FIG. 3 shows a centrifugal compressor rotor with exhaustion (extraction) in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 4 shows a centrifugal compressor rotor with injection in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 5 shows a coupling of exhaustion (extraction) and injection in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 6 shows a coupling of exhaustion and injection with intermediate cooling in accordance with the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a representation of exhaustion (extraction) behind the rotor (side view/view from top),
- FIG. 8 shows exhaustion (extraction) above the rotor (side view/view from top),
- FIG. 9 shows throttling in the return line in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 10 shows injection before the rotor (side view/view from top) in accordance with the present invention.
- FIG. 11 shows an injection geometry for smooth and stepped casing wall in accordance with the present invention.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 show a schematic sketch of a centrifugal compressor ( FIG. 1 ) and a centrifugal compressor rotor ( FIG. 2 ) in accordance with the state of the art.
- a rotor 2 which has a rotor tip/rotor leading edge 3 and is approached by an axial flow 4 , is rotatably borne in a casing 1 .
- a diffuser 10 which is adjacent to a rotor trailing edge 12 , is arranged downstream of the rotor 2 .
- the rotor has a rotor gap 11 .
- FIGS. 3 to 11 show variants according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a centrifugal compressor rotor with exhaustion (extraction), with possible extraction positions/ports (exhaustion positions) being indicated by reference numeral 13 .
- FIG. 4 shows a centrifugal compressor rotor with injection at possible injection positions/ports 14 .
- FIG. 5 shows a coupling of exhaustion (extraction) and injection by a line 5 going from an extraction position/port 16 (tapping point) to an injection point/port 15 .
- FIG. 6 shows a variant with coupling of exhaustion (extraction) and injection with intermediate cooling, with the line 5 being routed through a cold airflow 9 of a bypass duct 8 , thereby acting as a heat exchanger and being cooled.
- FIG. 7 shows exhaustion (extraction) behind the rotor 2 with extraction position or tapping point 16 , respectively.
- the right-hand side of FIG. 7 schematically shows exhaustion (extraction) by means of circumferential slots 6 or discrete holes (cutouts 7 ) which can be differently dimensioned and designed.
- FIG. 8 shows exhaustion (extraction) above the rotor 2 , analogically to FIG. 7 , with extraction positions /tapping points 16 which can be provided in the rotor passage as discrete holes (cutouts 7 ) which, again, can be differently dimensioned, geometrized and disposed.
- FIG. 9 shows an example with throttling in the return line 5 by a controllable shutoff element (valve) 19 .
- valve controllable shutoff element
- Introduction of the fluid flow is via a throat area (throttle 20 ).
- FIG. 10 shows examples of injection before the rotor 2 in which, again, circumferential slots 6 or discrete injection cutouts/holes 7 can be provided which can be differently disposed, dimensioned and geometrized.
- FIG. 11 shows an injection geometry for both a smooth and stepped casing wall.
- the left-hand representation of FIG. 11 shows a smooth casing wall 17 with injection of the fluid flow, while the right-hand representation of FIG. 11 shows a stepped casing wall.
- Tapping (extraction) and injection of the flow according to the present invention can, in detail, take the forms described in FIGS. 3 to 11 .
- Tapping (extraction) of the flow is, in accordance with the present invention, accomplished on the rotor casing 1 at any axial position either above the rotor 2 or behind the rotor ( FIG. 3 ).
- Tapping (extraction) can, in accordance with the present invention, be accomplished behind the rotor 2 either from a circumferential slot 6 of any size and form or from discrete holes 7 of any shape, number and size in the casing 1 ( FIG. 7 ).
- Tapping (extraction) above the rotor 2 can, in accordance with the present invention, be accomplished from discrete holes (cutouts 7 ) of any number, shape, size and position ( FIG. 8 ).
- the air can, in accordance with the present invention, be guided from the tapping points (extraction points) to the injection points at any angle to the casing wall using suitable lines, pipes and/or hoses 5 . While a valve 19 can here be used for flow control, the mass flow is also controllable by means of a throttle 20 of a defined throat area ( FIG. 9 ).
- Injection of the flow can, in accordance with the present invention, be accomplished on the casing 1 before the rotor tip 3 .
- the distance to the rotor tip 3 shall here be kept as small as possible.
- Injection can, in accordance with the present invention, be accomplished through a circumferential slot 6 or through discrete circumferential slots or discrete nozzles of any shape, number and size ( FIG. 10 ).
- the injection slots/nozzles shall be adapted such to the casing 1 that minimum segregation of the flow lines occurs and the injected flow hits the rotor gap 11 only. This is achievable either by adaptation of the geometry to the smooth casing wall 17 , in that the injection geometry is inclined at a shallow angle ( FIG. 11 ), or by a step in the casing wall 18 to which the injection geometry is connected at an, again shallow, exit angle ( FIG. 11 ).
- the present invention is advantageous in that the efficiency and stability of the centrifugal compressor are increased to such an extent that they come close to those of an axial-flow compressor, making the centrifugal compressor according to the present invention particularly suitable for application in aircraft engines by trading upon its advantages of less cost and less complexity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102008004834A DE102008004834A1 (de) | 2008-01-17 | 2008-01-17 | Radialverdichter mit Abnahme und Rückführung von Luft am Gehäuse |
DEDE102008004834.8 | 2008-01-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090238677A1 true US20090238677A1 (en) | 2009-09-24 |
Family
ID=40445875
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/320,113 Abandoned US20090238677A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2009-01-16 | Centrifugal compressor with air extraction and return at the casing |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090238677A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2080908A3 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102008004834A1 (de) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20170114797A1 (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-04-27 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Diffuser pipe with splitter vane |
US20180135525A1 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-17 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Gas turbine engine tangential orifice bleed configuration |
US10539073B2 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2020-01-21 | Chester L Richards, Jr. | Centrifugal gas compressor |
US10648403B2 (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2020-05-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Turbocharger for a motor vehicle |
US20200332717A1 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | General Electric Company | Refreshing Heat Management Fluid in a Turbomachine |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2951440B1 (de) | 2013-01-31 | 2019-07-31 | Danfoss A/S | Kreiselverdichter mit erweitertem arbeitsbereich |
WO2017135949A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 | 2017-08-10 | Danfoss A/S | Active surge control in centrifugal compressors using microjet injection |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3643675A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1972-02-22 | Lennart Wetterstad | Method and device for providing a control of the velocity profile of the working medium in the inlet of flow medium |
US20060104805A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-05-18 | Volker Gummer | Turbomachine with means for the creation of a peripheral jet on the stator |
US7364404B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2008-04-29 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Turbomachine with fluid removal |
US7387487B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2008-06-17 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Turbomachine with fluid supply |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB635270A (en) * | 1946-01-04 | 1950-04-05 | Rateau Soc | Improvements in or relating to centrifugal pumps and compressors |
CH404069A (de) * | 1962-06-29 | 1965-12-15 | Licentia Gmbh | Strömungskanal, insbesondere Arbeitsmittelströmungskanal eines Turbokompressors |
US3901620A (en) * | 1973-10-23 | 1975-08-26 | Howell Instruments | Method and apparatus for compressor surge control |
JPH09310699A (ja) * | 1996-05-21 | 1997-12-02 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 遠心圧縮機 |
DE19823274C1 (de) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-10-14 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
JP4100030B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-18 | 2008-06-11 | 株式会社Ihi | 遠心圧縮機 |
US7025557B2 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2006-04-11 | Concepts Eti, Inc. | Secondary flow control system |
DE602004015337D1 (de) * | 2004-06-07 | 2008-09-04 | Honeywell Int Inc | Verdichter mit rückführung und verfahren |
-
2008
- 2008-01-17 DE DE102008004834A patent/DE102008004834A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2009
- 2009-01-14 EP EP09000446A patent/EP2080908A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-01-16 US US12/320,113 patent/US20090238677A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3643675A (en) * | 1970-01-02 | 1972-02-22 | Lennart Wetterstad | Method and device for providing a control of the velocity profile of the working medium in the inlet of flow medium |
US7364404B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2008-04-29 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Turbomachine with fluid removal |
US7387487B2 (en) * | 2003-11-26 | 2008-06-17 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Turbomachine with fluid supply |
US20060104805A1 (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2006-05-18 | Volker Gummer | Turbomachine with means for the creation of a peripheral jet on the stator |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10648403B2 (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2020-05-12 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Turbocharger for a motor vehicle |
US20170114797A1 (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-04-27 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Diffuser pipe with splitter vane |
US10570925B2 (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2020-02-25 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Diffuser pipe with splitter vane |
US11215196B2 (en) | 2015-10-27 | 2022-01-04 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Diffuser pipe with splitter vane |
US20180135525A1 (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-17 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Gas turbine engine tangential orifice bleed configuration |
US10539073B2 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2020-01-21 | Chester L Richards, Jr. | Centrifugal gas compressor |
US20200332717A1 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | General Electric Company | Refreshing Heat Management Fluid in a Turbomachine |
US10927761B2 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2021-02-23 | General Electric Company | Refreshing heat management fluid in a turbomachine |
US11230972B2 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2022-01-25 | General Electric Company | Refreshing heat management fluid in a turbomachine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2080908A3 (de) | 2011-07-13 |
EP2080908A2 (de) | 2009-07-22 |
DE102008004834A1 (de) | 2009-07-23 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: ROLLS-ROYCE DEUTSCHLAND LTD & CO KG, GERMANY Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:CLEMEN, CARSTEN;GUEMMER, VOLKER;REEL/FRAME:022540/0236;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090312 TO 20090313 |
|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: EXPRESSLY ABANDONED -- DURING EXAMINATION |