US20090211455A1 - Filter arrangement - Google Patents

Filter arrangement Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090211455A1
US20090211455A1 US12/065,856 US6585606A US2009211455A1 US 20090211455 A1 US20090211455 A1 US 20090211455A1 US 6585606 A US6585606 A US 6585606A US 2009211455 A1 US2009211455 A1 US 2009211455A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
filter
sensor device
filter arrangement
sensor
measuring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US12/065,856
Inventor
Jürgen Günther
Thomas Stösser
Heinz Reinhardt
Christopher Klatt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carl Freudenberg KG
Original Assignee
Carl Freudenberg KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carl Freudenberg KG filed Critical Carl Freudenberg KG
Assigned to CARL FREUDENBERG KG reassignment CARL FREUDENBERG KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: REINHARDT, HEINZ, STOESSER, THOMAS, KLATT, CHRISTOPHER, GUENTHER, JUERGEN
Publication of US20090211455A1 publication Critical patent/US20090211455A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
    • B01D46/444—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration by flow measuring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/44—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof controlling filtration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0084—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours provided with safety means
    • B01D46/0086—Filter condition indicators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H3/0658—Filter elements specially adapted for their arrangement in vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H3/00—Other air-treating devices
    • B60H3/06—Filtering
    • B60H2003/0683—Filtering the quality of the filter or the air being checked

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filter arrangement, comprising a filter and a sensor device disposed downstream of the filter for monitoring the service life of the filter, having at least one first measuring sensor for detecting the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the filter.
  • Filter arrangements of this type are known from DE 101 40 510 A1.
  • Filter systems such as those in air conditioning systems, have limited fan power, so that the volume flow pumped through the air conditioning system decreases as the particle load of the filter increases.
  • a sensor device disposed downstream of the filter, having a measuring sensor for detecting the flow velocity, the clogging level of the filter can be determined and a necessary replacement of the filter can be indicated.
  • the filtration of moist air may result in condensation in the filter.
  • the condensation deposited in the filter likewise reduces the volume flow.
  • it is not necessary to replace the filter because the filter can be regenerated by drying. Loading with water, however, cannot be detected only by velocity measurement.
  • the sensor device comprises a further measuring sensor for measuring the humidity of the fluid flowing through the filter.
  • the measuring sensor detects the load of the fluid with water. Moisture readings close to the saturation limit indicate that the filter is laden with water. Both readings are evaluated in an evaluation unit, wherein the readings of the moisture sensor bring about an error correction of the flow velocity readings.
  • a further source for errors is the sensitivity of the flow velocity measuring element toward moisture.
  • flow measurement sensors that are formed by measuring wires made of electric resistance material are sensitive toward moisture. The measured air velocity is accordingly dependent on the moisture level. This measurement deviation is compensated for by the simultaneous measurement of the moisture level in a further measuring sensor, and the cross-sensitivity of the air velocity meter toward moisture is reduced. Due to the arrangement on the clean air side, the sensor device is protected from clogging.
  • the sensor devices may comprise an additional measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid flowing through the filter.
  • an additional measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid flowing through the filter.
  • potential cross-sensitivity of the air velocity meter toward temperature fluctuations can be compensated for.
  • the two essential parameters for controlling an air conditioning system are captured.
  • the readings captured with the inventive sensor device can be provided to an air conditioning controller in order to regulate the air conditioning system. It is advantageous that the sensor device is easily accessible and replaceable and that the sensor device is attached to the filter in a simple manner.
  • the sensor device can be configured as a preassembled unit. This results in a compact and easy-to-install sensor element.
  • the connection of the measuring sensors to the evaluation unit is advantageously established by means of a single plug connection.
  • the sensor device can be configured as an injection molded part. Injection molded parts are cost-efficient to produce, even if they have complicated geometries. The measuring sensors are then securely fixed in the injection molded housing.
  • the sensor device may be disposed at a distance to the filter.
  • the distance is advantageously between 3 and 10 cm. As a result of the distance, the influence of the filter on the fluid flow is reduced, and it is possible to mix the fluid flow, achieving improved measuring accuracy.
  • the filter may comprise an injection molded frame.
  • the sensor device can be attached particularly easily to the plastic frame.
  • the sensor device may be attached to the filter non-positively or positively. This produces a detachable connection, so that the filter and sensor device can be replaced independently from each other.
  • the connection can be established by a snap-fit connection, for example.
  • the necessary distance between the sensor device and filter can be created by a cross-member.
  • the sensor device may be connected to the filter by a material bond. This captively fastens the sensor device to the filter and makes the production of the unit comprising the sensor element and filter cost-efficient.
  • the necessary distance between the sensor device and filter can be created by a cross-member made of a single material.
  • the filter arrangement is used as a cabin air filter in a motor vehicle. Due to the integration of the sensor device in a filter, the filter arrangement has a particularly compact design and is especially easy to install and replace. As a result of the improved monitoring of the service life, unnecessary maintenance is avoided. Furthermore, the readings can be used for optimization and filter design purposes, for example in order to save installation space in enhanced models.
  • a further use according to the invention is the provision of the filter arrangement in an inflow of a fuel cell.
  • the arrangement in a PEM fuel cell is particularly advantageous because this cell requires moist inflow to achieve the best possible efficiency. Moistening is frequently achieved by means of a humidifier, for example a membrane humidifier.
  • a humidifier for example a membrane humidifier.
  • a further advantageous use is the application of the inventive filter arrangement in a mobile device, such as an ambient air purifier.
  • a mobile device such as an ambient air purifier.
  • the filter arrangement according to the invention may advantageously be integrated in the filter systems/filter covers of paint systems.
  • the supply of low-particle air is required.
  • the inventive filter arrangement enables continuous monitoring of the air quality.
  • FIG. 1 is a filter arrangement comprising a sensor device attached by material bond;
  • FIG. 2 is a filter arrangement comprising a sensor device attached positively.
  • FIG. 1 shows a filter arrangement 1 , which is used as a cabin air filter in a motor vehicle or as a filter in an inflow of a PEM fuel cell.
  • the filter arrangement is made of a filter 2 and a sensor device 3 , which is disposed downstream of the filter 2 , which is to say on the clean air side.
  • the sensor device on the one hand serves the monitoring of the service life of the filter 2 and on the other hand supplies the on-board electronic system, for example the control system of the motor vehicle air conditioning system, with the detected readings.
  • the sensor device 3 comprises a first measuring sensor 4 , which is formed by measuring wires made of electric resistance material 9 and serves the detection of the flow velocity of the fluid 5 flowing through the filter 2 .
  • the sensor device 3 comprises a further measuring sensor 6 , which is equipped to measure the moisture of the fluid 5 flowing through the filter 2 .
  • An additional measuring sensor 7 which is equipped to measure the temperature of the fluid 5 flowing through the filter 2 , is likewise provided in the sensor device 3 .
  • the filter 2 is provided with a frame 8 , which is configured as an injection molded part.
  • the sensor device 3 is produced as one piece with the frame 8 and is made of the same material, wherein the measuring sensors 4 , 6 , 7 are firmly embedded in the injection molded sensor device 3 .
  • the sensor element 3 is fastened to the frame 8 at a distance to the filter 2 .
  • the sensor device 3 has an oblong configuration, so that the measuring sensors 4 , 6 , 7 protrude into the free flow and a falsification of the readings by marginal influences is prevented.
  • FIG. 2 shows a filter arrangement according to FIG. 1 , wherein the sensor device 3 is configured as a separate element and forms a preassembled unit.
  • the sensor device 3 is likewise configured as an injection molded part.
  • the frame 8 comprises a recess 10 , into which the sensor device 3 is inserted, wherein the sensor device 3 is positively fixed to the filter 2 by snap-fit elements 11 .
  • the sensor device 3 may also be fastened to the filter 2 non-positively, for example by means of a screw connection.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Filter arrangement (1), comprising a filter (2) and a sensor device (3) which is arranged downstream of the filter (2) for monitoring the service life of the filter (2), having at least one measuring sensor (4) for detecting the flow velocity of the fluid (5) which flows through the filter, wherein the sensor device (3) has a further measuring sensor (6) for measuring the air humidity of the fluid (5) which flows through the filter.

Description

    TECHNICAL FIELD
  • The invention relates to a filter arrangement, comprising a filter and a sensor device disposed downstream of the filter for monitoring the service life of the filter, having at least one first measuring sensor for detecting the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the filter.
    • STATE OF THE ART
  • Filter arrangements of this type are known from DE 101 40 510 A1. Filter systems, such as those in air conditioning systems, have limited fan power, so that the volume flow pumped through the air conditioning system decreases as the particle load of the filter increases. With a sensor device disposed downstream of the filter, having a measuring sensor for detecting the flow velocity, the clogging level of the filter can be determined and a necessary replacement of the filter can be indicated. The filtration of moist air may result in condensation in the filter. The condensation deposited in the filter likewise reduces the volume flow. However, in this case, it is not necessary to replace the filter because the filter can be regenerated by drying. Loading with water, however, cannot be detected only by velocity measurement.
    • DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a filter arrangement with improved service life monitoring.
  • This object is achieved by the characteristics according to claim 1. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.
  • In order to solve the task, the sensor device comprises a further measuring sensor for measuring the humidity of the fluid flowing through the filter. The measuring sensor detects the load of the fluid with water. Moisture readings close to the saturation limit indicate that the filter is laden with water. Both readings are evaluated in an evaluation unit, wherein the readings of the moisture sensor bring about an error correction of the flow velocity readings. A further source for errors is the sensitivity of the flow velocity measuring element toward moisture. In particular flow measurement sensors that are formed by measuring wires made of electric resistance material are sensitive toward moisture. The measured air velocity is accordingly dependent on the moisture level. This measurement deviation is compensated for by the simultaneous measurement of the moisture level in a further measuring sensor, and the cross-sensitivity of the air velocity meter toward moisture is reduced. Due to the arrangement on the clean air side, the sensor device is protected from clogging.
  • The sensor devices may comprise an additional measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid flowing through the filter. As a result of the temperature sensor, potential cross-sensitivity of the air velocity meter toward temperature fluctuations can be compensated for. In this embodiment, the two essential parameters for controlling an air conditioning system are captured. The readings captured with the inventive sensor device can be provided to an air conditioning controller in order to regulate the air conditioning system. It is advantageous that the sensor device is easily accessible and replaceable and that the sensor device is attached to the filter in a simple manner.
  • The sensor device can be configured as a preassembled unit. This results in a compact and easy-to-install sensor element. The connection of the measuring sensors to the evaluation unit is advantageously established by means of a single plug connection.
  • The sensor device can be configured as an injection molded part. Injection molded parts are cost-efficient to produce, even if they have complicated geometries. The measuring sensors are then securely fixed in the injection molded housing.
  • The sensor device may be disposed at a distance to the filter. The distance is advantageously between 3 and 10 cm. As a result of the distance, the influence of the filter on the fluid flow is reduced, and it is possible to mix the fluid flow, achieving improved measuring accuracy.
  • The filter may comprise an injection molded frame. The sensor device can be attached particularly easily to the plastic frame.
  • The sensor device may be attached to the filter non-positively or positively. This produces a detachable connection, so that the filter and sensor device can be replaced independently from each other. The connection can be established by a snap-fit connection, for example. The necessary distance between the sensor device and filter can be created by a cross-member.
  • The sensor device may be connected to the filter by a material bond. This captively fastens the sensor device to the filter and makes the production of the unit comprising the sensor element and filter cost-efficient. The necessary distance between the sensor device and filter can be created by a cross-member made of a single material.
  • According to the invention, the filter arrangement is used as a cabin air filter in a motor vehicle. Due to the integration of the sensor device in a filter, the filter arrangement has a particularly compact design and is especially easy to install and replace. As a result of the improved monitoring of the service life, unnecessary maintenance is avoided. Furthermore, the readings can be used for optimization and filter design purposes, for example in order to save installation space in enhanced models.
  • A further use according to the invention is the provision of the filter arrangement in an inflow of a fuel cell. The arrangement in a PEM fuel cell is particularly advantageous because this cell requires moist inflow to achieve the best possible efficiency. Moistening is frequently achieved by means of a humidifier, for example a membrane humidifier. When providing the filter arrangement according to the invention upstream of a humidifier, the data detected by the sensor device, particularly the moisture of the inflow that is measured, can be used to control the humidifier. The sensor device is disposed particularly compact and easily accessibly in the filter arrangement.
  • A further advantageous use is the application of the inventive filter arrangement in a mobile device, such as an ambient air purifier. By integrating a sensor in a filter arrangement, a particularly compact design is achieved, which is required for mobile devices.
  • Furthermore, the filter arrangement according to the invention may advantageously be integrated in the filter systems/filter covers of paint systems. For high-quality painting work, the supply of low-particle air is required. The inventive filter arrangement enables continuous monitoring of the air quality.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
  • A few embodiments of the inventive filter arrangement will be explained in more detail hereinafter with reference to the figures. They are schematic illustrations:
  • FIG. 1 is a filter arrangement comprising a sensor device attached by material bond;
  • FIG. 2 is a filter arrangement comprising a sensor device attached positively.
    •  EXECUTION OF THE INVENTION
  • FIG. 1 shows a filter arrangement 1, which is used as a cabin air filter in a motor vehicle or as a filter in an inflow of a PEM fuel cell. The filter arrangement is made of a filter 2 and a sensor device 3, which is disposed downstream of the filter 2, which is to say on the clean air side. The sensor device on the one hand serves the monitoring of the service life of the filter 2 and on the other hand supplies the on-board electronic system, for example the control system of the motor vehicle air conditioning system, with the detected readings. The sensor device 3 comprises a first measuring sensor 4, which is formed by measuring wires made of electric resistance material 9 and serves the detection of the flow velocity of the fluid 5 flowing through the filter 2. Furthermore, the sensor device 3 comprises a further measuring sensor 6, which is equipped to measure the moisture of the fluid 5 flowing through the filter 2. An additional measuring sensor 7, which is equipped to measure the temperature of the fluid 5 flowing through the filter 2, is likewise provided in the sensor device 3. The filter 2 is provided with a frame 8, which is configured as an injection molded part. The sensor device 3 is produced as one piece with the frame 8 and is made of the same material, wherein the measuring sensors 4, 6, 7 are firmly embedded in the injection molded sensor device 3. The sensor element 3 is fastened to the frame 8 at a distance to the filter 2. Furthermore, the sensor device 3 has an oblong configuration, so that the measuring sensors 4, 6, 7 protrude into the free flow and a falsification of the readings by marginal influences is prevented.
  • FIG. 2 shows a filter arrangement according to FIG. 1, wherein the sensor device 3 is configured as a separate element and forms a preassembled unit. In this embodiment, the sensor device 3 is likewise configured as an injection molded part. The frame 8 comprises a recess 10, into which the sensor device 3 is inserted, wherein the sensor device 3 is positively fixed to the filter 2 by snap-fit elements 11. In other embodiments, the sensor device 3 may also be fastened to the filter 2 non-positively, for example by means of a screw connection.

Claims (10)

1. A filter arrangement, comprising a filter and a sensor device disposed downstream of the filter for monitoring the service life of the filter, having at least one first measuring sensor for detecting the flow velocity of the fluid flowing through the filter, characterized in that the sensor device comprises a further measuring sensor for measuring the moisture of the fluid flowing through the filter.
2. The filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device comprises a further measuring sensor for measuring the temperature of the fluid flowing through the filter.
3. The filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device is configured as a preassembled unit.
4. A filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device is configured as an injection molded part.
5. A filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device is disposed at a distance to the filter.
6. A filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter comprises an injection molded frame.
7. A filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device is fastened to the filter non-positively or positively.
8. A filter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor device is connected to the filter by material bond.
9. The filter arrangement of claim 1 positioned as a cabin air filter of a motor vehicle.
10. The filter arrangement of claim 1 positioned as an inflow of a fuel cell.
US12/065,856 2005-09-06 2006-07-27 Filter arrangement Abandoned US20090211455A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005042406A DE102005042406A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2005-09-06 A filter assembly
DE102005042406.6 2005-09-06
PCT/EP2006/007430 WO2007028461A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-07-27 Filter arrangement

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2006/007430 A-371-Of-International WO2007028461A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-07-27 Filter arrangement

Related Child Applications (1)

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US13/069,009 Continuation US8128729B2 (en) 2005-09-06 2011-03-22 Filter arrangement

Publications (1)

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US20090211455A1 true US20090211455A1 (en) 2009-08-27

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US12/065,856 Abandoned US20090211455A1 (en) 2005-09-06 2006-07-27 Filter arrangement
US13/069,009 Expired - Fee Related US8128729B2 (en) 2005-09-06 2011-03-22 Filter arrangement

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US13/069,009 Expired - Fee Related US8128729B2 (en) 2005-09-06 2011-03-22 Filter arrangement

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US (2) US20090211455A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1933969B1 (en)
KR (1) KR100967762B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102005042406A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2007028461A1 (en)

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US20100144262A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2010-06-10 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Air Filter for a Vehicle Air Conditioning System, Vehicle Air Conditioning System Comprising an Air Filter with a Moisture Sensor and a Method for Operating a Vehicle Air Conditioning System
US20110167899A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2011-07-14 Carl Freudenberg Kg Filter arrangement
WO2018099789A1 (en) * 2016-11-30 2018-06-07 Koninklijke Philips N.V. Device and method for determining the pollution status of a particle filter in an air-cleaning device
CN109203925A (en) * 2017-07-06 2019-01-15 马勒国际公司 Heating, ventilation or air-conditioning equipment with filter device
US20200269182A1 (en) * 2017-09-05 2020-08-27 Husqvarna Ab Separator, separator system and methods of their operation
US10958991B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2021-03-23 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Filter element sensor module having processing and wireless communication capabilities
US20210245083A1 (en) * 2020-02-12 2021-08-12 Carl Freudenberg Kg Filter module comprising sensor and method for determining the state of a filter element
US20220176294A1 (en) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 Mahle International Gmbh Smart filter elements and systems

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DE102007039002A1 (en) * 2007-08-17 2009-02-19 Helsa-Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg Method for monitoring the load condition of an air conditioning device of a motor vehicle
JP5426408B2 (en) * 2009-09-18 2014-02-26 本田技研工業株式会社 Air cleaner device
DE102017215462B4 (en) * 2017-09-04 2022-10-27 Mahle International Gmbh Air conditioning of a vehicle
US11607632B2 (en) 2017-09-15 2023-03-21 Mann+Hummel Gmbh Filter element sensor module having processing and wireless communication capabilities
FR3087352B1 (en) 2018-10-19 2023-01-20 Sogefi Filtration Spa CONNECTED AIR FILTER, WITH A DETACHABLE DETECTION UNIT
DE102019220305A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method and sensor system for determining a load on an air filter of a vehicle
DE102019220304A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method and sensor system for determining a load on an air filter of a vehicle
DE102019220307A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Method and sensor system for determining a load on an air filter of a vehicle

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US4784675A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-11-15 Teledyne Industries, Inc. Cabinet controller
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US20110167899A1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2011-07-14 Carl Freudenberg Kg Filter arrangement
US8128729B2 (en) 2005-09-06 2012-03-06 Carl Freudenberg Kg Filter arrangement
US20110048040A1 (en) * 2008-05-08 2011-03-03 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Vehicle Air Conditioning System Having a Filter Element With a Moisture Sensor and a Method for Operating a Vehicle Air Conditioning System
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EP1933969A1 (en) 2008-06-25
KR100967762B1 (en) 2010-07-05
KR20080047570A (en) 2008-05-29
WO2007028461A1 (en) 2007-03-15
US20110167899A1 (en) 2011-07-14
EP1933969B1 (en) 2009-07-15
US8128729B2 (en) 2012-03-06
DE502006004256D1 (en) 2009-08-27
DE102005042406A1 (en) 2007-03-15

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