US20090205387A1 - System for low-force roll folding and methods thereof - Google Patents

System for low-force roll folding and methods thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
US20090205387A1
US20090205387A1 US12/372,493 US37249309A US2009205387A1 US 20090205387 A1 US20090205387 A1 US 20090205387A1 US 37249309 A US37249309 A US 37249309A US 2009205387 A1 US2009205387 A1 US 2009205387A1
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Prior art keywords
sheet material
fold lines
along
folding
low
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Abandoned
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US12/372,493
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English (en)
Inventor
Max W. Durney
Michael S. Binion
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Industrial Origami LLC
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Industrial Origami LLC
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Publication date
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Priority to US12/372,493 priority Critical patent/US20090205387A1/en
Assigned to INDUSTRIAL ORIGAMI, INC. reassignment INDUSTRIAL ORIGAMI, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BINION, MICHAEL S., DURNEY, MAX W.
Publication of US20090205387A1 publication Critical patent/US20090205387A1/en
Assigned to MOUNTAIN TOP FARM CONSULTING LLC, ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES ASSOCIATES FUND LP, ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGIES FUND LP reassignment MOUNTAIN TOP FARM CONSULTING LLC SECURITY AGREEMENT Assignors: INDUSTRIAL ORIGAMI, INC.
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
    • B21D5/08—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles making use of forming-rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D11/00—Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups B21D5/00, B21D7/00, B21D9/00; Bending not provided for in groups B21D5/00 - B21D9/00; Twisting
    • B21D11/08—Bending by altering the thickness of part of the cross-section of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D5/00—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves
    • B21D5/06—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles
    • B21D5/08—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles making use of forming-rollers
    • B21D5/083—Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles making use of forming-rollers for obtaining profiles with changing cross-sectional configuration

Definitions

  • This invention relates, in general, to systems for low-force roll folding, and more particularly to devices which may be used for roll folding of sheets having bend-facilitating fold lines, and methods for their use.
  • Roll forming is a continuous bending operation in which a two-dimensional sheet of material, for example, sheet metal is passed through a series of rollers, each performing an incremental amount of bending, until a particular cross-sectional profile of a three-dimensional product or item is produced.
  • a “flower pattern” represents each incremental cross-sectional profile from flat two-dimensional sheet metal to ultimate cross-sectional profile of the three-dimensional product.
  • Roll forming is generally used to produce objects formed of sheet metal having straight, longitudinal, and parallel bends.
  • a “stand” or set of rollers is required to produce each incremental cross-sectional profile as well as the ultimate cross-sectional profile of the product.
  • Each stand includes cooperating contoured rollers which impart incremental bending upon the sheet metal as it passes through the stand, preferably without changing the thickness of the material.
  • roll forming machines are generally quite expensive due to the high cost of fabricating the closely tolerant sets of rollers of each stand for each incremental cross-sectional profile.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 2,127,618 to Reimenschneider illustrates an exemplary automobile side rail produced by roll forming.
  • Japanese Patent Application No. 11-188426 illustrates an exemplary channel member also produced by roll forming.
  • Exemplars of machines currently used for roll forming are described by U.S. Pat. No. 7,275,403 to Meyer and U.S. Pat. No. 7,243,519 to Chuang.
  • One aspect of the present invention may be directed to a method for low-force roll folding of a two-dimensional sheet material having one or more predetermined fold lines into a three-dimensional article.
  • the method includes one or more of the steps of providing a sheet material with bend-facilitating structure extending along a length of one or more of the predetermined fold lines, providing a stand of folding rollers configured to effect bending of the sheet metal along the bend-facilitating structure, and moving the stand of folding rollers relative to the sheet material along the length of one or more of the predetermined fold lines to effect bending of the sheet material along the bend-facilitating structure.
  • the method may further include driving the sheet material through the stand of folding rollers.
  • the method may further include driving the sheet material through a plurality of stands of folding rollers in order to effect a series of incremental cross-sectional profiles upon the sheet material.
  • the method may further include providing the sheet material with bend-facilitating structure along a length of diverging predetermined fold lines.
  • the method may further include providing the sheet material with bend-facilitating structure along a non-linear length of predetermined fold lines.
  • the folding rollers may be substantially cylindrical and roll along the sheet material adjacent to but removed from the fold lines.
  • the method may further include adjusting the rotational axes of the folding rollers relative to one another in order to accommodate spring back along the predetermined fold lines.
  • the method may further include manually rolling the stand of folding rollers along the length of the predetermined fold lines.
  • the system includes a sheet material with bend-facilitating structure extending along a length one or more of the predetermined fold lines, a stand of rollers configured to effect bending of the sheet metal along the bend-facilitating structure, and a driver to move the stand of folding rollers relative to the sheet material along the length of one or more of the predetermined fold lines to effect bending of the sheet material along the bend-facilitating structure.
  • the system may further include a plurality of stands of folding rollers, each stand configured to effect and incremental cross-sectional profile upon the sheet material.
  • the sheet material may include bend-facilitating structure along a link of diverging predetermined fold lines.
  • the sheet material may include bend-facilitating structure along a nonlinear length predetermined fold lines.
  • the folding rollers may be substantially cylindrical and roll line the sheet material adjacent to but removed from the fold lines.
  • FIG. 1 a is an isometric view of an exemplary apparatus for low-force roll folding a three-dimensional article from a two-dimensional sheet material in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 b is a schematic view of the initial cross-sectional profile of the two-dimensional sheet material.
  • FIG. 1 c is a schematic view of the final cross-sectional profile of the three-dimensional article.
  • FIG. 1 d is a plan view of the two-dimensional sheet material of FIG. 1 b.
  • FIG. 2 a is a plan view of another two-dimensional sheet material prepared for low-force roll folding in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 b is a perspective view of a three-dimensional article formed with two-dimensional sheet materials similar to that shown in FIG. 2 a.
  • FIG. 3 a is a schematic view of other incremental cross-sectional profiles as a two-dimensional sheet material (top) is roll folded into a three-dimensional article (bottom) in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 b is a schematic view of the incremental cross-sectional profiles of FIG. 3 a passing through respective sets of fold rollers.
  • FIG. 4 a is a schematic view of other incremental cross-sectional profiles as a two-dimensional sheet material (top) is roll folded into a three-dimensional article (bottom) in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 b is a schematic view of the incremental cross-sectional profiles of FIG. 4 a passing through respective sets of rollers.
  • FIG. 4 c is a schematic view of the incremental cross-sectional profiles of FIG. 4 a passing through another respective set of rollers similar to those shown in FIG. 4 b.
  • FIG. 5 a is a schematic view of the incremental cross-sectional profiles of FIG. 4 a passing through another respective set of rollers similar to those shown in FIG. 4 b .
  • FIG. 5 b is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a final set of rollers shown in FIG. 5 a , said final set of rollers configured to produce a cross-sectional profile, shown in FIG. 5 c to accommodate spring-back resulting in the final cross-sectional profile of FIG. 5 d .
  • FIG. 5 e is an enlarged detail of the rollers of FIG. 5 b .
  • FIG. 5 f is a schematic side view of the rollers of FIG. 5 b illustrating adjustment of the upper roller in phantom.
  • FIG. 6 a is a schematic view of incremental cross-sectional profiles of another two-dimensional sheet material (top) passing through respective sets of rollers to form a three-dimensional article (bottom) in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 b is an enlarged set of folding rollers shown in FIG. 6 a.
  • FIG. 7 a is an isometric view of another exemplary apparatus for low-force roll folding a three-dimensional article from a two-dimensional sheet material in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 b is an enlarged detail of the apparatus of FIG. 7 a
  • FIG. 8 is a plan view of another two-dimensional sheet material similar to that shown in FIG. 7 a , but prepared for low-force roll folding along non-parallel and diverging fold lines in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 a illustrates an exemplary roll folding system generally designated by the numeral 30 that may be used to fold a two-dimensional sheet material 32 (see FIG. 1 b and FIG. 1 d ) into three-dimensional article 33 (see FIG. 1 c ).
  • the roll folding system is designed to be used with ductile sheet materials having engineered fold lines 35 which facilitate bending along predetermined fold lines. As the sheet material is guided through the machine along a predetermined path of travel, its cross-sectional profile is gradually transformed from a flat sheet into a three-dimensional article having a desired cross-sectional profile.
  • the roll folding system of the present invention may utilize simple roller wheels, which need not conform with any particular cross-sectional profiles. Accordingly, the roll folding system of the present invention greatly reduces the capital costs of roll folding equipment because it does not require costly machining of rollers precisely conforming to cross-sectional profiles.
  • the roll folding systems in accordance with the present invention are particularly suited for bending two-dimensional sheet materials having engineered fold lines which utilize various fold geometries and configurations including, but not limited to, those disclosed by U.S. Pat. No. 6,481,259, U.S. Pat. No. 6,877,349 , U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2006/0021413 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 7,152,449, U.S. Pat. No. 7,032,426, U.S. Pat. No. 7,152,450, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2005/0005670 A1, U.S. Pat. No. 7,263,869, U.S. Pat. No. 7,222,511, U.S. Patent Application Publication No.
  • the roll folding systems of the present invention is designed to take advantage of various aspects of manufacturing with engineered fold lines. For example, accurate machine tool tolerances are relatively less critical because the location of desired fold lines are engineered into the sheets of material. Accordingly, the roll folding systems of the present invention can, but need not, take the form of a high-efficiency light-duty machine which may be capable hundreds of thousands and/or millions of cycles due to relatively minimal wear and tear. Special materials, expensive and time-consuming machining, hardening, heat treatments, and/or other costly processes may be reduced or avoided because the need for precise machine tool tolerances is reduced.
  • the tolerances are built into the sheet of material whereby a less expensive and lighter-duty roll folding may be utilized to fold a two-dimensional sheet of material into its final shape, or in some cases one or more intermediate shapes.
  • the present roll folding systems may be constructed with milder steel, laser cut parts and other relatively inexpensive components such as those including mild steels, plastics, composites and/or other materials typically considered to be too soft to be built for metal forming equipment, as well as die cast and other relatively less precise componentry.
  • milder steel, laser cut parts and other relatively inexpensive components such as those including mild steels, plastics, composites and/or other materials typically considered to be too soft to be built for metal forming equipment, as well as die cast and other relatively less precise componentry.
  • the foregoing does not necessarily preclude heavy-duty construction using hardened steels. Rather, it allows enhanced flexibility depending on factors such as duty cycle, economy, weight, and the like.
  • the present roll folding systems are also suited for bending other types of ductile sheet materials about a fold line including, but not limited to, sheet metal prepared with the above-mentioned engineered fold lines, predetermined fold lines defined by scoring and/or other suitable means.
  • the three-dimensional products may be formed by the roll folding of the present invention which include both relatively narrow flanges and relatively wide flanges.
  • the three-dimensional products may include, but are not limited to, various enclosure components, electronic chassis components, automotive components, appliance components, transport components, construction components, HVAC components, aerospace components, and the like.
  • an exemplary roll folding system 30 generally includes a machine chassis 37 configured to support and position various sub-assemblies of the roll folding system.
  • upper receiving drive rollers 39 are rotatably supported by the machine chassis in an otherwise conventional manner and driven by a suitable drive means.
  • Upper exiting drive rollers 40 are similarly mounted and driven on the machine chassis.
  • Lower receiving and exiting drive rollers 39 ′, 40 ′ are also provided in a similar fashion.
  • the drive rollers are configured to receive and propel sheet material 32 through the roll folding system as the roll folding system folds the sheet material into three-dimensional article 33 .
  • One or more guide rollers 42 may be provided to generally support and guide the sheet material as it passes through the roll folding system.
  • a number of “stands” 44 or sets of folding rollers 46 are also provided to impart the folding force upon the sheet material.
  • the folding rollers may be spring loaded to apply a relatively uniform force against the sheet material as the sheet material passes by the folding rollers.
  • the folding rollers are configured and positioned to roll along continuous surfaces 47 of the sheet material substantially parallel to or along respective fold lines in order to impart folding force upon the sheet material as the sheet material passes through the respective set of folding rollers.
  • sheet material 32 includes preformed engineered fold lines and thus requires less force to effect bending along the fold lines. Furthermore, as the preformed engineered fold lines self identify precisely where the sheet material will bend and in particular where a deformation will occur, the folding rollers need only approximately position the continuous surfaces to effect bending.
  • the roll folding system of the present invention may utilize simple off-the-shelf roller wheels, which need not conform with any particular cross-sectional profiles.
  • the roller wheels may be formed of urethane, rubber, or other suitable materials that are applicable to relatively low force environments.
  • Delrin® skids may provide an alternative to the rollers for applying force against the sheet material as it passes by each stand. Accordingly, the roll folding system of the present invention greatly reduces the capital costs associated with conventional roll forming equipment because it does not require the machining of rollers precisely conforming to cross-sectional profiles.
  • the light-duty nature of the present roll folding system may facilitate roll folding of pre-painted sheet materials wherein the rollers and/or skids would effect little scuffing and/or scrubbing along the surface of the sheet material as it passes through the stands.
  • relatively large-radii roller wheels may be utilized, and may facilitate loading of, or receiving of the sheet material into and through each stand.
  • roll folding system 30 includes an upper series 49 and a lower series 51 of stands 44 , in which the two-dimensional sheet material 32 is fed to left-to-right into roll folding system 30 and through the upper series of stands to form an intermediate article 53 , which intermediate article may again be fed right-to-left into the roll folding system through the lower series of stands to form the final three-dimensional article 33 .
  • the roll folding system is preferably configured to guide the intermediate article from the upper series to the lower series of stands by conventional means, for example, allowing the intermediate article to drop or otherwise move down in the direction of arrow D.
  • the “out-and-return” configuration of the roll folding system is particularly advantageous in that a single operator may operate the roll folding system from a single position (e.g., position P).
  • a single series of stands may be provided in which the sheet material moves outwardly in a single direction.
  • the upper series is provided with four stands 44 , that is four sets of rollers corresponding with four incremental cross-sectional profiles
  • the lower series is provided with three stands 44 ′ or three sets of rollers corresponding with two additional incremental cross-sectional profiles and the final cross-sectional profile of three-dimensional article 33 .
  • stands 44 that is four sets of rollers corresponding with four incremental cross-sectional profiles
  • the lower series is provided with three stands 44 ′ or three sets of rollers corresponding with two additional incremental cross-sectional profiles and the final cross-sectional profile of three-dimensional article 33 .
  • one, two, three or more stands may be provided to effect the desired amount of bending.
  • FIG. 2 a illustrates a sheet of material having fold lines 35 a that are not parallel but instead converge toward one another.
  • Such a configuration of fold lines may be used to produce articles of varying cross-sectional width dimensions such as the horn-shaped article 54 shown in FIG. 2 b .
  • the fold lines on either side may be parallel to one another (see, e.g., fold lines 35 a ) or may converge toward one another (see, e.g., fold lines 35 a ′).
  • roll folding system 30 may be provided with one or more tuning knobs 56 to adjust the of each stand 44 by suitable means.
  • a tuning knob may be provided for each subset of stand rollers in order to independently adjust the subset of rollers on each lateral side of the stand.
  • roll folding system 30 may be used to fold sheet material 32 b in to a three-dimensional article 33 b in the form of a channel-shaped closed box beam.
  • eight stands 44 b of rollers are utilized to flare each side of sheet material 32 b upwardly and inwardly to form a closed box beam 58 , as shown in FIG. 3 b .
  • the uppermost stand gently flares the outermost edge of sheet material 32 b upwardly, while the next two stands continue to flare the outermost edge upwardly and began to flare inwardly while flaring inner sidewalls upwardly.
  • each stand begins to guide the outermost edge inwardly, while the remaining stands further guide the outermost edge and sidewalls to close the box beam.
  • the rollers of each stand may be uniformly sized wheels which are configured to roll upon the flat surfaces of sheet material 32 b between fold lines 35 b.
  • each stand 44 c of folding rollers 46 c may be rotatably mounted on parallel axes, as shown in FIG. 4 b .
  • each stand 44 d may include folding rollers 46 d rotatably mounted on orthogonal axes.
  • contoured folding rollers 61 may be utilized to impart folding forces upon the sheet material, as shown in FIG. 5 a , in which a two-dimensional sheet material is also roll folded into a three-dimensional article 33 e (bottom).
  • the contoured folding rollers may be configured with a cooperating recess 63 and protrusion 65 in order to over bend sheet material 32 e (see FIG. 5 c ) in order to accommodate spring-back resulting in a desired cross-sectional profile (see FIG. 5 d ).
  • FIG. 5 d One will appreciate that other configurations may be utilized to effect over-bending including the positioning of folding rollers.
  • the contoured folding rollers are rotatably mounted on parallel axes and, as such, may be easily adjusted relative to one another.
  • one of the contoured rollers may be adjusted “within plane” such that the axis of one roller 61 may be slid back-and-forth relative to the axis of a cooperating roller 61 ′ in order to adjust the distance between recess 63 and protrusion 65 .
  • roller 61 . 5 may be slid back and forth within a horizontal plane to adjust the amount of over-bending, that is, the amount of bending beyond a desired angle in order to accommodate spring back.
  • the rollers may be configured such that they are adjustable by sliding or otherwise adjusted along an inclined plane or along a vertical plane instead of a horizontal direction.
  • FIG. 6 a is a schematic view of a series of incremental cross-sectional profiles of yet another two-dimensional sheet material passing through respective sets of rollers to form a three-dimensional article 33 f (bottom) in accordance with various aspects of the present invention.
  • folding rollers 46 f are fixed relative to one another in a roller mount 67 but positioned in such a manner that the rollers follow along fold lines 35 f , 35 f , 35 f ′.
  • the folding rollers impart folding forces upon sheet material 32 f along the fold lines and, as such, the configuration tends to follow the fold lines in the sheet material due to the geometric constraints created by the position of the fold lines.
  • the roller mount may be in the form of a hand tool having a grip 68 in which case, an operator may manually sweep a first roller mount along the length of the sheet material to impart the first incremental cross-sectional profile thereon, and follow by sweeping other roller mounts to impart the subsequent incremental cross-sectional profiles thereon, and ultimately, the final cross-sectional profile thereon.
  • roll folding system 30 g is similar to roll folding system 30 g described above but it incorporates movable roller mounts in order to fold a two-dimensional sheet material 32 g into a three-dimensional article 33 g having compound curves as shown in FIG. 7 .
  • Like reference numerals have been used to describe like components of roll folding system 30 and roll folding system 30 g.
  • each stand 44 g includes opposing roller mounts 67 g slidably supported by a machine chassis 37 g such that folding rollers 46 g are allowed to move laterally in order to effect bending and follow the lateral profiles of sheet material 32 g
  • Each roller mount is allowed to move up and down in order to follow the basic curvature of the sheet material as the sheet material is bent along fold lines 35 g , as shown in FIG. 7 a .
  • the roller mounts 67 g and the respective stand folding rollers 46 g are limited to two degrees of freedom.
  • the folding rollers float in the sense that they may move up-and-down and in-and-out, but they are fixed relative to the longitudinal length of machine chassis 37 g .
  • respective sets of folding rollers may be provided to effect each incremental cross-sectional profile as the two-dimensional sheet of material 32 g passes through roll folding system 30 g .
  • the orientation of rollers mounted on each roller mount is fixed relative to one another, and because an upper roller and at a lower roller is aligned with respective inside corners or valleys of the incremental cross-sectional profiles, the set of rollers will closely follow along the path of the fold lines.
  • the rollers may be configured such that their orientation may vary in order to accommodate fold lines that converge or diverge from one another such as those shown in FIG. 8 .
  • springs or other suitable biasing means are utilized to bias the roller mounts back to an initial position to facilitate receipt of the sheet material between the respective folding rollers.
  • the roll folding system of the present invention may be utilized in combination with other conventional metalworking stations or processes.
  • the present roll folding systems may be utilized with various configurations that punch and cut off parts during otherwise conventional continuous operations, such as cutting a part to length when supplying coils are used to supply the sheet metal “blanks” to the roll folding system.
  • various configurations of stations may be utilized to add features such as holes, notches, embossments, and/or shear forms by punching, stamping, and or other known processes found in conventional roll forming lines.
  • fastening structures 70 may take the form of spring clips of the type disclosed by U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2006/0277965 A1, and/or other integral fastening structure, which structure may be stamped directly into the sheet metal either before or after the sheet metal passes through the roll folding system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)
US12/372,493 2008-02-16 2009-02-17 System for low-force roll folding and methods thereof Abandoned US20090205387A1 (en)

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US2932208P 2008-02-16 2008-02-16
US12/372,493 US20090205387A1 (en) 2008-02-16 2009-02-17 System for low-force roll folding and methods thereof

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US (1) US20090205387A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2254710A4 (fr)
JP (1) JP2011512257A (fr)
KR (1) KR20100117116A (fr)
CN (1) CN101977706A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0907877A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2715659A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2010008976A (fr)
WO (1) WO2009103071A2 (fr)

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US8667827B2 (en) * 2010-08-02 2014-03-11 Usg Interiors, Llc Grid runner
WO2015018871A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 Origami Steel Corp. Profilé en acier, profilé porteur et procédé de fabrication d'un profilé en acier
US20150129556A1 (en) * 2012-04-03 2015-05-14 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Device and Method for Producing at least Partially Closed Profiles or Tubular Components from Metal Sheet
US9166521B2 (en) 2012-07-06 2015-10-20 Industrial Origami, Inc. Solar panel rack
US20170174434A1 (en) * 2015-12-01 2017-06-22 Kingspan Insulated Panels, Inc. Panel Forming Assembly
DE102016007379A1 (de) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) Sitzschale für einen Fahrzeugsitz eines Fahrzeugs, Fahrzeugsitz mit der Sitzschale und Verfahren zur Herstellung der Sitzschale
CN112050070A (zh) * 2019-06-06 2020-12-08 气体运输技术公司 利用展开和折叠金属板以构建隔板的系统
US11198164B2 (en) * 2018-07-24 2021-12-14 John Powers, III Two-axis roll forming apparatus
US11351596B2 (en) * 2020-01-26 2022-06-07 Slick Tools LLC Device for continuous bending of metal mesh
US11358200B2 (en) * 2015-12-23 2022-06-14 Posco Roll stamping apparatus and method

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US8505258B2 (en) 2000-08-17 2013-08-13 Industrial Origami, Inc. Load-bearing three-dimensional structure
CN107186493A (zh) * 2017-07-24 2017-09-22 西莱特电梯（中国）有限公司 电梯门套生产线

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BRPI0907877A2 (pt) 2015-07-21
WO2009103071A2 (fr) 2009-08-20
CN101977706A (zh) 2011-02-16
EP2254710A4 (fr) 2014-01-22
EP2254710A2 (fr) 2010-12-01
MX2010008976A (es) 2010-09-28
WO2009103071A3 (fr) 2009-12-17
JP2011512257A (ja) 2011-04-21
KR20100117116A (ko) 2010-11-02

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