US20080282527A1 - Process for Producing an Object Having at Least Two Moving Parts - Google Patents

Process for Producing an Object Having at Least Two Moving Parts Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080282527A1
US20080282527A1 US11/916,001 US91600106A US2008282527A1 US 20080282527 A1 US20080282527 A1 US 20080282527A1 US 91600106 A US91600106 A US 91600106A US 2008282527 A1 US2008282527 A1 US 2008282527A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
support material
components
component
support
minimal distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/916,001
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English (en)
Inventor
Julian Beck
Kathrin Badstubner
Frank Ansorge
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Original Assignee
Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV filed Critical Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
Assigned to FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V. reassignment FRAUNHOFER-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG E.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BECK, JULIAN, BADSTUBNER, KATHRIN, ANSORGE, FRANK
Publication of US20080282527A1 publication Critical patent/US20080282527A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
    • B29C64/112—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using individual droplets, e.g. from jetting heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/40—Structures for supporting 3D objects during manufacture and intended to be sacrificed after completion thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2015/00—Gear wheels or similar articles with grooves or projections, e.g. control knobs
    • B29L2015/003—Gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing an object with at least two components which are movable relative to one another.
  • Rapid prototyping technology for manufacturing prototypes or models or other components, which may also be designed in a complex manner, and by way of this technology these objects may be manufactured according to STL (standard transformation language) data, set up previously in a CAD-program.
  • STL standard transformation language
  • One application possibility falling under rapid prototyping technology is the multi-jet modelling method. This method is a generative manufacturing method and permits the manufacture of patterns, prototypes or subjects from shapeless material without the application of special tools.
  • the deposition of the material is carried out with the help of a print head via a multitude of individual nozzles.
  • high-quality models for e.g. primal shapes which are true to detail, may be prepared in a cost-effective manner and within the shortest of times for subsequent processes, such as vacuum casting for example.
  • the model is constructed on a component platform.
  • the model is manufactured in a layered manner on the basis of the contour data computed for each construction plane from the STL data set.
  • a special support geometry is plotted for the unambiguous setting of the construction layers to be manufactured on the construction platform.
  • the component material is subsequently deposited in the width of the print head, wherein the print head is guided by way of a computer-controlled travel mechanism.
  • the construction platform is displaced by a print head width, when the model is larger than the width of the print head.
  • the support material with regard to the layered construction is set such that overhanging structures of the component material which are provided in the layers deposited later, are supported by the layers of the support material which lie thereunder.
  • the construction platform After construction of the whole layer, the construction platform is lowered by a layer thickness, and the print heads follow this.
  • the component material is thermoplastic and is melted and deposited through the nozzles of the print head in the form of droplets, and subsequently cured by UV-light.
  • the additionally deposited support structure is melted away in a furnace after the printing.
  • a wax-like thermoplastic is applied as a component material, for example an acrylic photopolymer, which holds together wax constituents in an acrylate base structure.
  • the wax constituents have a melting point of approx. 65° C., and in combination with the acrylate, the models may however be subjected to a temperature of approx. 80° C.
  • the material for the support geometry is likewise a wax, and is melted away in the heat furnace at approx. 70° C.
  • geometry data is set up from the whole object with its moving, and, as the case may be, stationary components, for a rapid prototyping method, whereon a predefined minimal distance between the moving parts is taken into account, and that, in a layered manner according to the defined geometry data, a first material is deposited as a support material, and a second material as a component material, wherein the support material fills gaps including those with the minimal distance and that the support material is removed after completion of the layered construction.
  • a first material is deposited as a support material
  • a second material as a component material
  • the minimal distance between the moving components is dependent on the characteristics of the support material, on the size of the moving parts and/or on the possibilities of deposition. Whilst taking into account the characteristics of the support material, it is envisaged for this to be able to be led away with its removal from the region between the components.
  • the minimal distance is a molecular layer, given a relatively low viscosity and a high resolution on depositing the support material.
  • a minimal distance of greater than 0.1 mm is provided, depending on the characteristics of the support material, in particular with support wax, and on the size of the components movable to one another.
  • the support material is separated on account of its physical and/or chemical characteristics, which are different to the component material.
  • a distance of two surfaces lying parallel opposite one another of at least 0.3 mm is necessary for a support material of the viscosity range of about 10 to 12 mPa ⁇ s (at 80° C.) and of the density range of approx. 0.91 g/cm 3 .
  • the diameter of this opening on account of the viscosity (region: viscosity region of about 10 to 12 mPa ⁇ s at 80° C.) of the support material must be at least 1 mm.
  • the support material is selected such that it has a lower melting point that the component material, by which means the support material may be led away in a simple manner by way of increasing the temperature beyond the melting point.
  • Other support materials are also conceivable, which may be separated from the component material by way of etching, plasma treatments, different solubilities in reagents, or subjection to a radiation.
  • the component material layers and support material layers may be deposited in a different manner, e.g. by way of printing, by way of dispersing, by way of screen printing and likewise.
  • the different layers of component material and support material are deposited through a printing head via nozzles, which is controlled depending on the geometry data. The method for the construction of the object by way of printing head thus permits a simple manufacture.
  • additional geometrical measures are taken on, in or between the components, such as channels, grooves or holes, which simplify a release and/or flowing-away of the support material.
  • an object with a component, which has a structure enclosing a cavity, e.g. a ball, wherein a further component, e.g. a further ball is received in this structure, e.g. the first mentioned ball in a moving manner.
  • a manufacturing process of two different balls which takes its course in a separate manner, it is no longer possible to integrate these afterwards.
  • An assembly is superfluous with the help of the method according to the invention. It is merely necessary to provide one or more smaller holes in the outer ball, in order with this, to permit the draining of the support material, e.g. of the support wax.
  • the diameter is dependent on the characteristics of the support material, and with support wax a diameter of 1 mm is already adequate for these holes.
  • metallic fillers or other types of plastics or metals, which for example have an improved modulus of elasticity, and improved bending modulus, an increased bending strength, a lower extension at break, a greater tensile strength and/or an increased application temperature.
  • FIG. 1 a plan view of a gear
  • FIG. 2 a perspective view in a taken-apart condition of the gear, according to FIG. 1 ,
  • FIG. 3 a perspective view of the gear according to FIG. 1 and
  • FIG. 4 a view of the gear according to FIG. 1 seen from below.
  • the gear which is to be manufactured with the method according to the invention, and is represented in the FIGS. 1 , 3 and 4 , comprises a membered-like base plate 1 , on which stationary shafts 2 for cogs 3 connected to it are provided.
  • the cogs 3 and shafts 2 are shown separately from one another in FIG. 2 for a better understanding, although they are manufactured in the assembled condition. Furthermore, a smaller drive cog 4 is provided, which comprises a shaft stub 5 which is firmly connected to it, which engages through a recess 6 in the base plate 1 and which may be connected to an electric motor which is not represented.
  • a distance or play is provided between the cogs 3 , 4 and the shafts 2 , as well as between the shaft stub 5 and the recess 6 .
  • the cogs 3 are held on the shafts 2 by way of a bar 7 , whereas the drive cog 4 is fixed in the recess by way of a flange 8 .
  • a distance between the cog 3 and the base plate 1 is specified at 9 , with is to be kept to during manufacture, so that the support wax which is used with this, may flow away.
  • Such a distance is always provided if two moving parts lie opposite one another, as is the case with the distance mentioned above, between the cogs 3 and shafts or the cog 4 with the shaft stub 5 and the base plate and recess 6 , or flange 8 and the base plate 1 .
  • holes 10 as geometries supporting the flowing-away of the support wax are incorporated in the base plate 1 around the recess 6 , as well as also in the drive cog 4 .
  • the cogs 3 have a diameter of approx. 3 cm and the drive cog 4 a diameter of approx. 1 cm in the embodiment example.
  • the distance 9 and the respective distances mentioned above are to be dimensioned to at least 0.1 to 0.13 mm. This distance increases to at least 0.3 mm if the surfaces lying parallel opposite to one another are larger than 30 mm 2 , i.e. if support wax of an area of greater than 30 mm 2 must be melted away.
  • the holes 10 must have a diameter of at least 1 mm, in order to permit the support wax to flow away.
  • the components of the gear have firstly been drawn individually in a design program, and subsequently assembled with this program into an assembly. On assembly with the design program, care was taken that the mentioned minimal distances of the parts to one another were adhered to, so that the support wax may correctly flow away during the melting procedure in the heating furnace.
  • the CAD-drawing is a digital plane picture of the later gear which is represented in the FIGS. 1 to 4 , and is present as an STL-file.
  • a base structure of support material such as support wax
  • a printer to which the STL-file is supplied, in the different materials, the component material and the support material.
  • the construction platform and the printer thereby may be displaced relative to one another in a three-dimensional manner.
  • Gaps or distances as previously computed are provided between the respective component regions of each layer, and these are filled out with the support material, wherein the different materials are deposited in a geometrically correct manner with the printing procedure of the layer.
  • this support material as the case may be, is cured, and subsequently melted away in an furnace. A gear with moving cogs remains after the melting away.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
US11/916,001 2005-06-03 2006-06-02 Process for Producing an Object Having at Least Two Moving Parts Abandoned US20080282527A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102005025664 2005-06-03
DE102005025664.3 2005-06-03
DE102006023369.7 2006-05-15
DE102006023369A DE102006023369A1 (de) 2005-06-03 2006-05-15 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gegenstands mit mindestens zwei beweglichen Bauteilen
PCT/EP2006/005599 WO2006128736A1 (fr) 2005-06-03 2006-06-02 Procede de production d'un objet comprenant au moins deux elements mobiles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20080282527A1 true US20080282527A1 (en) 2008-11-20

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US11/916,001 Abandoned US20080282527A1 (en) 2005-06-03 2006-06-02 Process for Producing an Object Having at Least Two Moving Parts

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20080282527A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1888321B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE102006023369A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2006128736A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8883064B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2014-11-11 A. Raymond & Cie Method of making printed fastener
US8916085B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2014-12-23 A. Raymond Et Cie Process of making a component with a passageway
US20150202825A1 (en) * 2014-01-17 2015-07-23 Christopher Cordingley Three Dimensional Printing Method
US9511544B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2016-12-06 A. Raymond et Cie Method of making fasteners by three-dimensional printing
US20170023122A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2017-01-26 Christopher T. Cordingley Axle for Rotatably Supporting a Gear or the Like
US20170120535A1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Actuatable Assemblies Fabricatable by Deposition of Solidifying and Non-Solidifying Materials
US10513089B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2019-12-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Self-transforming structures
US10549505B2 (en) 2017-01-12 2020-02-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Active lattices
US10633772B2 (en) 2017-01-12 2020-04-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Active woven materials
US10953605B2 (en) 2017-04-04 2021-03-23 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts and Steeicase Incorporated Additive manufacturing in gel-supported environment
US11052597B2 (en) 2016-05-16 2021-07-06 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Additive manufacturing of viscoelastic materials
US11155025B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2021-10-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Methods for additive manufacturing of an object

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012166505A1 (fr) * 2011-06-02 2012-12-06 A. Raymond Et Cie Elément structural formé par impression en trois dimensions
DE102011080820A1 (de) * 2011-08-11 2013-02-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Maschinenelementes und Maschinenelement, insbesondere Wellenlager
DE102016103934B4 (de) 2016-03-04 2018-03-29 Kersten Bernhardt Spanneinrichtung, Verschlusssystem, sowie Verwendungen eines Verschlusssystems

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5263130A (en) * 1986-06-03 1993-11-16 Cubital Ltd. Three dimensional modelling apparatus
US5301415A (en) * 1990-12-03 1994-04-12 Prinz Fritz B Method for fabrication of three-dimensional articles
US20020016386A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2002-02-07 Eduardo Napadensky Compositions and methods for use in three dimensional model printing
US6450393B1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2002-09-17 Trustees Of Tufts College Multiple-material prototyping by ultrasonic adhesion
US6780572B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2004-08-24 Toudai Tlo, Ltd. Optical lithography
US20050058573A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-17 Frost James Dahle Use of rapid prototyping techniques for the rapid production of laboratory or workplace automation processes
US20060118990A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-06-08 Bego Bremer Goldschlagerei Wilh, Herbst Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the production of a rapid prototyping model, a green compact, a ceramic body, a model with a metallic coating and a metallic component, and use of a 3D printer
US7372616B2 (en) * 2001-12-06 2008-05-13 Microfabrica, Inc. Complex microdevices and apparatus and methods for fabricating such devices

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL109511A (en) * 1987-12-23 1996-10-16 Cubital Ltd Three-dimensional modelling apparatus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5263130A (en) * 1986-06-03 1993-11-16 Cubital Ltd. Three dimensional modelling apparatus
US5301415A (en) * 1990-12-03 1994-04-12 Prinz Fritz B Method for fabrication of three-dimensional articles
US6450393B1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2002-09-17 Trustees Of Tufts College Multiple-material prototyping by ultrasonic adhesion
US6780572B1 (en) * 1999-08-05 2004-08-24 Toudai Tlo, Ltd. Optical lithography
US20020016386A1 (en) * 2000-03-13 2002-02-07 Eduardo Napadensky Compositions and methods for use in three dimensional model printing
US7372616B2 (en) * 2001-12-06 2008-05-13 Microfabrica, Inc. Complex microdevices and apparatus and methods for fabricating such devices
US20050058573A1 (en) * 2003-09-12 2005-03-17 Frost James Dahle Use of rapid prototyping techniques for the rapid production of laboratory or workplace automation processes
US20060118990A1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-06-08 Bego Bremer Goldschlagerei Wilh, Herbst Gmbh & Co. Kg Process for the production of a rapid prototyping model, a green compact, a ceramic body, a model with a metallic coating and a metallic component, and use of a 3D printer

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10207461B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2019-02-19 A. Raymond Et Cie Method of making winged fasteners by three-dimensional printing
US9511544B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2016-12-06 A. Raymond et Cie Method of making fasteners by three-dimensional printing
US10207460B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2019-02-19 A. Raymond Et Cie Method of making hinged fasteners by three-dimensional printing
US8916085B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2014-12-23 A. Raymond Et Cie Process of making a component with a passageway
US10220575B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2019-03-05 A. Raymond Et Cie Method of making nut fasteners
US8883064B2 (en) 2011-06-02 2014-11-11 A. Raymond & Cie Method of making printed fastener
US11155025B2 (en) 2013-12-05 2021-10-26 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Methods for additive manufacturing of an object
US20150202825A1 (en) * 2014-01-17 2015-07-23 Christopher Cordingley Three Dimensional Printing Method
US10513089B2 (en) 2014-10-08 2019-12-24 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Self-transforming structures
US20170023122A1 (en) * 2015-01-14 2017-01-26 Christopher T. Cordingley Axle for Rotatably Supporting a Gear or the Like
US20170120535A1 (en) * 2015-11-03 2017-05-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Actuatable Assemblies Fabricatable by Deposition of Solidifying and Non-Solidifying Materials
US11052597B2 (en) 2016-05-16 2021-07-06 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Additive manufacturing of viscoelastic materials
US10549505B2 (en) 2017-01-12 2020-02-04 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Active lattices
US10633772B2 (en) 2017-01-12 2020-04-28 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Active woven materials
US10953605B2 (en) 2017-04-04 2021-03-23 Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts and Steeicase Incorporated Additive manufacturing in gel-supported environment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102006023369A1 (de) 2006-12-07
WO2006128736A1 (fr) 2006-12-07
EP1888321B1 (fr) 2008-12-03
EP1888321A1 (fr) 2008-02-20
DE502006002267D1 (de) 2009-01-15
WO2006128736A9 (fr) 2007-03-22

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Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:BECK, JULIAN;BADSTUBNER, KATHRIN;ANSORGE, FRANK;REEL/FRAME:020901/0187;SIGNING DATES FROM 20070110 TO 20080206

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