US20080245011A1 - Vacuum insulated glass building component and method and apparatus for its manufacture - Google Patents

Vacuum insulated glass building component and method and apparatus for its manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
US20080245011A1
US20080245011A1 US12/079,891 US7989108A US2008245011A1 US 20080245011 A1 US20080245011 A1 US 20080245011A1 US 7989108 A US7989108 A US 7989108A US 2008245011 A1 US2008245011 A1 US 2008245011A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
glass
metal foil
vacuum
panes
vacuum chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
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US12/079,891
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English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Friedl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grenzebach Maschinenbau GmbH
Original Assignee
Grenzebach Maschinenbau GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Assigned to GRENZEBACH MASCHINENBAU GMBH reassignment GRENZEBACH MASCHINENBAU GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FRIEDL, WOLFGANG
Publication of US20080245011A1 publication Critical patent/US20080245011A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/677—Evacuating or filling the gap between the panes ; Equilibration of inside and outside pressure; Preventing condensation in the gap between the panes; Cleaning the gap between the panes
    • E06B3/6775—Evacuating or filling the gap during assembly
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/6612—Evacuated glazing units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/663—Elements for spacing panes
    • E06B3/66304—Discrete spacing elements, e.g. for evacuated glazing units
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • E06B3/673—Assembling the units
    • E06B3/67339—Working the edges of already assembled units
    • E06B3/6736—Heat treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/249—Glazing, e.g. vacuum glazing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/22—Glazing, e.g. vaccum glazing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vacuum-insulated glass building element that is to a vacuum-insulated glass pane and also to other building components consisting of a combination of vacuum insulated glass including for example a solar module.
  • the invention also resides in a method and an apparatus for the manufacture of such vacuum-insulated building elements.
  • a building element of the type with which the present invention is concerned comprises at least two glass panes or other areal glass structures with or without the inclusion of another areal body which are joined together with a thin evacuated space therebetween.
  • Vacuum-insulated glass as such is known. It differs from conventional insulated glass in that the space between the panes is evacuated whereas, in conventional insulated glass, it is filled with a noble gas. Furthermore, the space between the glass panes of vacuum insulated glass is substantially thinner than in normal insulated glass, that is, it has a thickness of only about 0.7 mm or less since, in vacuum insulated glass, there is no convection in the space between the individual glass panes.
  • the two individual glass panes are supported with respect to each other by way of supports distributed over the glass surface in a grid-like pattern so that the ambient air pressure cannot press the panes together. At their circumference, they are joined by a vacuum-sealed edge connection.
  • vacuum insulated glass panels are manufactured in that spacers are placed in the predetermined grid-like pattern onto a first individual glass pane and fixed by cementing and the second individual glass pane is then placed on top.
  • the top glass pane is provided at its edge with a bore including a sealed-in evacuation nipple which is fixed in position by glass solder or which is cemented and to which a suction hose with a vacuum pump can be connected.
  • the two glass panes are then laser-welded along their edges under atmospheric conditions using glass solder.
  • the top glass pane is dimensioned so as to be smaller than the bottom pane by several millimeters so that the edge of the top pane is recessed with respect to the edge of the bottom pane disposed below.
  • the two glass panes can be laser-welded together using glass solder by a laser beam directed onto the arrangement from the top.
  • the space between the panes is evacuated via the suction nipple. Evacuation is performed for about two hours or longer during which time the glass composite is maintained at a temperature of about 400° C. to about 450° C. Only in this way, volatile materials, mainly water, which are adhering to the glass surfaces can be removed from the space between the glass panes and a vacuum of sufficient quality can be established.
  • a vacuum-insulated glass building component comprising first and second glass panes which are supported with respect to each other by spacers and are closed along their edges by a vacuum-tight edge connection so as to enclose between them a thin evacuated intermediate space
  • the edge connection is formed by first and second metal foil strips which are connected to the edge areas of the first and, respectively, second glass panes in a vacuum tight manner and the areas of the first and second metal foil strips projecting beyond the edges of the respective glass panes are welded together to join the glass panes.
  • the two individual panes are provided at their edges each with a metal foil strip and the metal foil strips of the two individual panes are welded together, a durably vacuum-tight connection between the individual panes is established which however is not rigid but which can accommodate relative thermal expansions of the two individual panes. Such expansion movements are accommodated, without tensions, by the metal foil strips which are interconnected by welding.
  • a vacuum-tight non-rigid edge connection of the two individual panes of the vacuum-insulated glass building element is provided which, during use, remains essentially free from mechanical stresses also when the individual panes are subjected to high temperature differences.
  • a reliable long life for the edge connection can be considered to be no problem and the formation of cracks as a result of thermal effects on the panes which could lead to a loss of the vacuum between the panes is avoided.
  • the glass panes can be joined along their edges with the metal foil strips either with the aid of glass solder by melt welding or by “cold” welding by means of ultrasound.
  • melt welding is preferred since it causes no thermal stresses.
  • ultrasound welding procedure is simpler than the melt welding with glass solder.
  • the manufacture of the edge connection is possible by a relatively simple process.
  • the ultrasound welding (or also the glass solder welding) of the glass pane edges with the metal strip can occur under atmospheric conditions.
  • the sub-sequent welding of the metal foil strip areas which project from the glass pane edges and are connected to the glass pane edges can be performed in a vacuum chamber by laser welding so that subsequent evacuation of the space between the glass panes is not necessary. Subsequently, outside the vacuum chamber, the welded excess metal foil strip areas can be bent over toward one or the other side and the edge joint is completed.
  • the metal foil strips are preferably arranged at the sides of the glass panes which face each other.
  • a getter material is applied to one side of the metal strips which, with respect to the welding seam to be formed, faces the interior of the space between the panes for the absorption of moisture molecules possibly still present in the space between the glass panes.
  • FIG. 1 shows in cross-section an edge area of a vacuum insulated glass building element according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows the two individual glass panes of the building element with metal foil strips attached thereto before the assembly thereof
  • FIG. 3 shows the assembled individual glass panes after the welding of the projecting areas of the metal foil strips
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically a cross-section of the edge area of a vacuum insulated glass building element according to the invention forming a solar module
  • FIG. 5 shows a variation of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 shows schematically a diagram which clarifies the manufacturing procedure of vacuum insulated building elements according to the invention
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically the cleaning step of the method according to the invention in a first vacuum chamber
  • FIG. 8 shows schematically the laser welding stage of the method in a second vacuum chamber.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in cross-section, the edge area of a vacuum insulated glass building element in the form of a vacuum insulated glass panel with a finished edge connection.
  • the arrangement comprises a cover pane 1 (outer pane) and a bottom pane 2 (inner pane), which are separated from each other by an intermediate pane space 3 .
  • an intermediate pane space 3 In the intermediate pane space 3 , there is a vacuum.
  • the two panes 1 and 2 are held at a predetermined distance from each other by spacers 4 which are fixed to the bottom pane 2 in a grid-like pattern for example by cementing and on which the cover pane 1 is supported.
  • the spacers may be small glass cylinders as shown but they may also be in the form of balls and they may also consist of metal.
  • the cover pane 1 and the bottom pane 2 each may have a thickness of 4 mm and the intermediate space 3 may have a thickness which is preferably in the range of 0.7 mm to 1 mm.
  • a metal foil strip 5 is attached in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the metal foil strips 5 are attached at the sides of the two panes 1 , 2 facing the intermediate space 3 .
  • the metal foil strips 5 may be connected to the respective panes either by welding by means of a glass solder, preferably however by ultrasound welding.
  • the ultrasound welding occurs with the interposition of a thin aluminum foil strip 6 between the respective metal foil strip 5 and the glass surface, wherein the aluminum is tightly joined to the glass surface and also to the other metal of which the metal foil 5 consists, preferably stainless steel.
  • the areas of the metal foil strip 5 which are attached to the two panes and which project over the glass pane edges are compressed and welded together preferably by laser welding.
  • a getter material 8 is arranged inward of the welding seam 7 between the metal foil strips 5 that is still within the intermediate space between the panes which getter material has been applied to the lower metal foil strip before the welding.
  • the welded projecting area of the metal foil strips 5 is bent onto the edge surface of the lower pane 2 .
  • the getter material does not need to be arranged between the panes as shown (where with a thin intermediate space, there is generally no space), but it may be disposed in the bent over area of the welded metal foil strips.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 show pre-stages of the finished edge connection of the vacuum insulated glass building element according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 shows the two still individual panes, that is the cover pane 1 and the bottom pane 2 , each with the metal foil strip 5 welded to the respective edge areas.
  • the spacers 4 are already in place.
  • FIG. 3 shows the joined arrangement of the top pane 1 and the bottom pane 2 with the metal foil strips 5 welded thereto, wherein the areas of the metal foil strips 5 projecting beyond the pane edges are welded together by a welding seam 7 .
  • FIG. 4 shows an arrangement as it is shown in FIG. 1 , wherein however the bottom pane 2 is combined with an additional module (or is formed as such), here with a solar photo voltaic module 10 .
  • the photo voltaic module 10 forms with the bottom pane 2 , a compound arrangement.
  • the additional module consists fully or partially of glass, the metal foil strips may also be attached as shown in FIG. 4 or, like in the basic embodiment according to FIG. 1 , to the side walls of the cover pane 1 and the bottom pane 2 or, respectively, the additional module which faces the intermediate space 3 between the panes.
  • the additional module is not suitable for a vacuum-tight attachment of the respective metal foil strips 5 , the arrangement as shown in FIG. 5 and described below may be selected.
  • the particular pane in this case, the bottom pane will form the additional module by integration of a particular function.
  • FIG. 5 shows a modified embodiment of the vacuum sealed edge jointure of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 . It differs from the embodiment of FIG. 1 in that the metal foil strip 5 is not attached to the facing surfaces of the individual glass panes 1 and 2 , but to their outer surfaces.
  • This embodiment according to FIG. 5 is possible and equally good with respect to the quality of the vacuum sealed edge connection as the embodiment of FIG. 1 , but in that case, the outer surfaces of the finished vacuum insulated glass element is not smooth fully to the outer edge thereof but has a raised edge area because of the metal foil strips 5 extending along the edge. This could be objectionable for some applications, which is why this embodiment appears to be less preferred.
  • the preferred material for the edge foil strips 5 in all embodiments is stainless steel.
  • the outer gap between the individual panes 1 and 2 and the metal foil strips 5 attached thereto can be sealed in the area between the respective individual outer pane edges and the connection or, respectively, weld areas to the glass pane surface by a filler material 9 .
  • This filler material has two functions. It ensures a long-term vacuum sealing by protecting the weld between the metal foil strips and the glass from outside influences and it also reduces mechanical stresses. Furthermore, it protects the pane edges from mechanical stresses during the bending over of the welded metal foil strips.
  • FIG. 6 shows the procedure of a preferred manufacturing method for the above-described vacuum insulated building elements in a schematic block diagram.
  • a first method step A the two individual glass panes are prepared under atmospheric conditions. This includes the connection of the metal foil strips to the individual glass panes and the attachment of the spacers to the bottom pane as well as the application of the getter material, if used.
  • the second method step B resides in the cleaning of the two individual panes, particularly the removal of water molecules from the pane surfaces.
  • Special coatings of the panes bind water molecules which are difficult to remove therefrom. Conventionally, this requires heating to high temperatures over an extended period, which, however is undesirable since high temperatures, particularly when effective over an extended period, destroy high quality coatings for reducing the degree of emission (so-called low E-layers) and also the glass structure, for example, that of safety glass, as mentioned already earlier.
  • This cleaning step is performed with the method according to the invention, without temperature effects, by ion scattering, wherein the ions absorb the moisture molecules and carry them away, or by plasma cleaning which is also called plasma etching.
  • This method step is performed in a first vacuum chamber under constant suction in order to remove any moisture released from the pane surfaces. It is very important herein that, in each case, both sides of each individual pane are cleaned that is the moisture is removed also from that side which does not delimit the evacuated space between the panes. This is necessary because any moisture input into the high vacuum chamber, in which the laser welding of the metal foil strips takes place must be carefully avoided since otherwise the high vacuum is detrimentally affected.
  • FIG. 7 shows schematically the cleaning stage according to the method step B in the first vacuum chamber by ion scattering, or, respectively, vacuum etching on both sides of the plate wherein the ion scattering or, respectively, the vacuum etching occurs along a line over the whole width of the pane while the glass pane is moved on a transport means 11 through the first vacuum chamber 12 .
  • the third method step C is the laser welding of the metal foil strips in a second vacuum chamber 13 , which is schematically shown in FIG. 8 in a sectional view.
  • the lower pane 2 is introduced into the vacuum chamber 13 and subsequently the upper pane is introduced and placed onto the lower pane.
  • the vacuum chamber 13 is provided at its topside along all four corner areas with a, in each case, line-like window 14 which, of course, is interrupted by bridge areas of supporting material as necessary for the integrity of the top wall of the vacuum chamber 13 .
  • a laser cannon 15 is arranged on the outside, that is, above the vacuum chamber 13 and movable along the window 14 in order to direct the laser beam through the window 14 onto the metal foil strips to be welded.
  • the pane arrangement is disposed within the vacuum chamber 13 on a corresponding carriage which is movable in the plane of the pane since, because of the design-based interruptions of the window 14 , a certain movability of the pane arrangement is necessary in addition to the movability of the laser cannon.
  • the laser cannon 15 is arranged outside the vacuum chamber 13 and is movable along the window 14 , no mirror or any other optical elements or mechanisms are needed within the vacuum chamber so that the vacuum chamber can have a minimum volume.
  • the required length and width of the vacuum chamber is based on the dimensions of the largest pane arrangement to be welded therein and the height of the vacuum chamber is determined only by the thickness of the pane arrangement and the height required for the carriage by which it is supported. Because of the movability of the laser cannon 15 also complicated laser-optical equipment, particularly mirror mechanisms, are not needed outside the vacuum chamber either, which simplifies the arrangement.
  • a final treatment of the edge areas is performed, that is, the application of a filler material 9 and the bending of the laser-welded projecting areas of the metal foil strips, and, if desired, the installation of a protective cover on the finished edge connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
US12/079,891 2007-04-05 2008-03-28 Vacuum insulated glass building component and method and apparatus for its manufacture Abandoned US20080245011A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07007253.3 2007-04-05
EP07007253.3A EP1978199B1 (fr) 2007-04-05 2007-04-05 Composant en verre isolant du vide et procédé et dispositif de fabrication

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US20080245011A1 true US20080245011A1 (en) 2008-10-09

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US12/079,891 Abandoned US20080245011A1 (en) 2007-04-05 2008-03-28 Vacuum insulated glass building component and method and apparatus for its manufacture

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US (1) US20080245011A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1978199B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101302081B (fr)
CA (1) CA2627778A1 (fr)
DK (1) DK1978199T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2588000T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL1978199T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1978199T (fr)

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US20140182774A1 (en) * 2011-03-29 2014-07-03 Corning Incorporated Light-weight strengthened, low-emittance vacuum-insulated glass (vig) windows
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US9359252B1 (en) 2015-07-24 2016-06-07 Corning Incorporated Methods for controlled laser-induced growth of glass bumps on glass articles
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CN104773962B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2017-08-01 洛阳北方玻璃技术股份有限公司 真空玻璃封接结构以及半成品及其封接方法
CN104773963A (zh) * 2014-01-09 2015-07-15 洛阳北方玻璃技术股份有限公司 真空玻璃封接结构以及半成品及其封接方法
MX2019009317A (es) * 2017-02-06 2019-09-19 Schott Gemtron Corp Laminados de vidrio termicamente aislantes con una pluralidad de separadores de vidrio sumergidos en una capa de revestimiento para formar una cavidad sellada de moleculas de gas.
WO2020118673A1 (fr) * 2018-12-11 2020-06-18 淄博环能海臣环保技术服务有限公司 Verre de régulation sous vide avec métal brasé à un cadre de support de tension de verre et cadre en acier inoxydable
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EP1978199A1 (fr) 2008-10-08
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ES2588000T3 (es) 2016-10-28
PL1978199T3 (pl) 2017-01-31
DK1978199T3 (en) 2016-09-05
PT1978199T (pt) 2016-08-29

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