US20060080938A1 - Process for artificially ageing blocks - Google Patents

Process for artificially ageing blocks Download PDF

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Publication number
US20060080938A1
US20060080938A1 US11/239,648 US23964805A US2006080938A1 US 20060080938 A1 US20060080938 A1 US 20060080938A1 US 23964805 A US23964805 A US 23964805A US 2006080938 A1 US2006080938 A1 US 2006080938A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blocks
distressing
suction region
distressing bodies
extraction device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US11/239,648
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English (en)
Inventor
Martin Rothdach
Hermann Sauter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Baustoffwerke Gebhart and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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Assigned to BAUSTOFFWERKE GEBHART & SOHNE GMBH & CO. KG reassignment BAUSTOFFWERKE GEBHART & SOHNE GMBH & CO. KG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SAUTER, HERMANN, ROTHDACH, MARTIN
Publication of US20060080938A1 publication Critical patent/US20060080938A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/006—Artificial ageing of stones; Providing stones with an antique appearance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
    • B28B11/0818—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads for roughening, profiling, corrugating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
    • B28B11/0881—Using vibrating mechanisms, e.g. vibrating plates for ageing stones
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/22—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28D—WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS
    • B28D1/00—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor
    • B28D1/26—Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete or glass, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor by impact tools, e.g. by chisels or other tools having a cutting edge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for artificially ageing blocks, in particular concrete blocks, vitrified bricks and natural stones.
  • Blocks for example paving elements, facade elements, sand-lime blocks, concrete blocks, bricks or vitrified bricks, natural stones and the like, are often subjected to subsequent treatment, irrespective of the nature of their material, in order in this way to lose their artificial appearance.
  • the prior art discloses for the sorting of the blocks sorting installations which appropriately align the blocks and arrange them in pallet form. Such sorting installations cause high procurement and operating costs and also have a corresponding space requirement.
  • DE 36 21 276 C2 discloses a process in which concrete blocks are applied as a single layer in regular arrangement to an underlying surface in the form of a panel. Subsequently, the exposed surface and the adjoining exposed edges, or essentially only the edges, of the concrete blocks are distressed in an irregular manner by means of a vibrating striking or distressing device.
  • the distressing tools of the distressing device are arranged on a movable carriage, which takes them over the surfaces of the blocks, so that the free surfaces and the upper edges of the blocks are distressed in an irregular manner by the distressing tools.
  • EP 0 860 258 B2 discloses an apparatus and a process in which the blocks are arranged in one or two layers, preferably in the layer in which they are produced, between two elements, preferably plates.
  • the lower plate, on which the concrete blocks rest is in operative connection with a vibration device.
  • the vibration device is used to bring the blocks into movement, so that they are moved back and forth between the plates.
  • the blocks strike against one another and against the upper and lower plates, whereby the edges are broken on the upper side and underside.
  • the upper sides and undersides of the blocks are distressed by the respectively assigned plates.
  • the vertical side edges of the concrete blocks and the side faces are broken or distressed by the respectively adjacent concrete blocks.
  • the general state of the art discloses an ageing process used by the construction materials company Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG in which the blocks are applied to an underlying surface. Subsequently, essentially freely movable distressing bodies are applied to the surfaces of the blocks that are to be worked.
  • the blocks and the distressing bodies are set in motion in relation to one another by a vibrating motion of the underlying surface in such a way that the distressing bodies act in a distressing manner on the surface and the adjoining, exposed edges of the blocks. This produces rapid and effective ageing of the surface of the blocks and the adjoining exposed edges.
  • the intensity of the motion of the blocks and of the distressing bodies is dependent on the vibration and the number of distressing bodies and their weight.
  • the distressing bodies are repelled upward from the surface of the blocks on which they rest. Due to the force of gravity, the distressing bodies subsequently fall back again onto the surface of the blocks and collide with them, or have an “ageing” effect on them.
  • the blocks are distressed in an irregular manner by the random upward propulsion of the distressing bodies and likewise random falling back of the distressing bodies. This produces a visual appearance corresponding to that of a naturally aged block.
  • the blocks are aged in the layer in which they are produced.
  • the blocks may in this case be applied to the underlying surface, preferably in the form of a panel, as a single layer.
  • the distressing bodies are placed onto the surface of the blocks, the underlying surface subsequently being made to vibrate, or made to vibrate already before the distressing bodies are placed on.
  • the ageing of an entire layer of blocks produced can consequently be carried out in a time- and energy-saving manner. The result thereby corresponds at least to the result of blocks aged in a rotating drum.
  • the underlying surface on which the blocks are placed is provided with a surrounding border, by which the applied blocks are limited in their lateral movement.
  • the surrounding border surrounds the blocks with play, so that the blocks can assume a distance from one another which permits the distressing bodies to act between two adjoining edges of the blocks and/or of one block and the surrounding border.
  • the surrounding border rises up above the surface of the blocks in the vertical direction, so that a lateral limitation is formed for the distressing bodies. The lateral limitation thereby restricts the movement of the distressing bodies essentially to the surface of the blocks. After working, it is envisaged to remove the distressing bodies again from the surface of the blocks.
  • the distressing bodies According to the process of the construction materials company Gebhart & Söhne GmbH & Co. KG, it is envisaged for the distressing bodies to be formed from hard metal, metal or steel, it being intended that the distressing bodies are lifted off the surface magnetically.
  • a magnet above the surface of the blocks. The distance of the magnet from the surface of the blocks is in this case chosen such that the distressing bodies do not touch the magnet during the working of the surface of the blocks.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an apparatus for artificially ageing blocks which overcomes the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art, in particular prevents the ageing process or further transportation of the blocks being made more difficult by clouds of dust and fragments.
  • the fragments produced by the distressing action by means of the distressing bodies and the dust produced are extracted by suction immediately or during the ageing process.
  • hindrance of the operator and pollution of the surroundings with mineral dust are avoided.
  • fragments are largely prevented from penetrating between the blocks or coming to lie on the blocks and in this way hindering further processing or further transportation of the blocks.
  • the extraction device has a suction region which at least almost encloses the surface of the blocks to be worked ensures that the dust produced is largely extracted.
  • the suction region has a base area which corresponds at least to the horizontal extent of the blocks arranged in an interlocking formation on the underlying surface, side walls that are suitable for laterally engageing the blocks arranged in the interlocking formation being formed.
  • the suction region is formed somewhat in the form of a box, the open side face of the box-shaped suction region facing the surface of the blocks, and the side walls preferably laterally enclosing the blocks arranged in interlocking formation.
  • the suction region represents an approximately enclosed space.
  • the dust and the like produced by the working of the blocks is consequently restricted essentially to this enclosed space.
  • the base area is formed by the underside of a magnet provided for depositing and/or removing the distressing bodies.
  • the side walls may in this case preferably be arranged in the form of a frame and be connected to the underside of the magnet directly or by means of further elements. Formation of the suction region with a base area which represents the underside of the magnet and a frame-shaped arrangement of the side walls on the underside of the magnet has been found to be particularly suitable. It may be provided in this respect that the magnet, and consequently also the suction region, is brought up to the surface of the blocks by means of a guiding device or a lifting device (for example a hydraulic device or the like).
  • the same guiding device that is provided for lifting the distressing bodies off the surface and placing them on it is used at the same time for positioning the suction region of the extraction device in such a way that the dust and fragments produced during the ageing of the blocks can be reliably extracted.
  • the side walls may have a height that ensures that the distressing bodies do not contact the underside of the magnet during the ageing process. It is advantageous in this respect if, during the ageing process, the side walls enclose at least an upper region of the blocks but the distance between the surface of the blocks and the underside of the magnet is so great that the distressing bodies cannot touch the underside of the magnet during the ageing process.
  • the lower edge of the side walls may also be positioned above the upper edge of the blocks during the ageing process, so that the ageing process can be observed if need be.
  • the difference between the surface of the blocks and the lower edge of the side walls should in this case not be greater than the diameter of the distressing bodies, in order to prevent the distressing bodies from escaping through the gap.
  • an additional surrounding border which surrounds or encloses the blocks, on the underlying surface is advantageous to restrict the lateral or horizontal movement.
  • the extraction device has a second suction region, which the blocks run through after the ageing station, in which the blocks are aged by the distressing action of the distressing bodies. Consequently, the blocks can be removed directly from the ageing station after completion of the actual ageing process. Any remains of dust, fragments or pieces of rock there may be can be subsequently extracted through the second suction region of the extraction device. This has been found to be advantageous with regard to rapid and efficient working of the blocks.
  • the underlying surface is formed as a conveyor belt and the second suction region is arranged downstream of the ageing station in the conveying direction.
  • the second suction region preferably reaches over the blocks transversely in relation to the running-through direction. This ensures that all the blocks run through the second suction region.
  • the second suction region is provided with stripping elements, preferably brushes, bristles or the like, which strip the fragments, the dust or the like from the upper side of the blocks. This simplifies the stacking of the layers of blocks in which they are produced on pallets or the like and improves the extraction through the second suction region of the extraction device.
  • the extraction device has a switching device, which connects a suction unit of the extraction device to the first suction region and/or the second suction region. It is preferably provided in this respect that the suction unit operates with constant power and the switching device connects either the first suction region or the second suction region to the suction unit. Consequently, the full suction power is fed either to the first suction region or to the second suction region. It is simple to organize the process flow in such a way that the two suction regions do not have to extract simultaneously. In an advantageous way, it is consequently only necessary for there to be one suction unit, which can operate with constant power and is connected as required to the appropriate suction region.
  • the underlying surface being formed as a conveyor belt which feeds the blocks to the ageing station or the suction regions
  • the underlying surface may also be formed as a plate which is displaceable by a conveying device.
  • the blocks consequently rest on a plate which is fed to the ageing station or the suction devices by being driven by a corresponding conveying device, for which many solutions are suggested by the general state of the art.
  • the underlying surface is formed as a stationary plate, i.e. not movable in relation to the ageing station and to the suction devices, preferably of metal.
  • the blocks may in this case be applied to the plate and displaced in relation to the plate in the conveying direction. It is advantageous in this respect if the blocks are arranged in series next to one another, so that the newly fed-in blocks displace the blocks that are already on the plate in relation to the plate in the conveying direction. The blocks are consequently pushed through the ageing station or the suction regions in series next to one another.
  • the plate is the vibration table connected to the vibration device. This represents a particularly low-cost solution.
  • the extraction device extracts dust and/or fragments after the distressing action of the distressing bodies, the extraction device having a suction region which at least almost encloses the surface of the blocks to be worked.
  • an extraction device to which the blocks are fed after the distressing action by the distressing bodies, the extraction device extracting stones and/or fragments and reaching over the blocks transversely or obliquely in relation to the running-through direction.
  • the extraction device may in this case correspond to the second suction region already described, without provision of a first suction region which carries out an extraction during the distressing action of the distressing bodies on the blocks.
  • the spatial separation makes it possible to extract dust and/or fragments after the distressing action without necessarily prolonging the cycle time.
  • discontinuous conveyance of the blocks it may be provided in this case that, once they have been aged by the distressing bodies, the blocks are further transported by a position and fed to the extraction device.
  • a new layer of blocks may be introduced into the actual ageing region. While the newly introduced layer of blocks is being aged by the distressing bodies, dust and/or fragments can be extracted from the already aged layer of blocks by the extraction device. This avoids a loss of cycle time by the downstream extraction device.
  • the distressing bodies may be kept within a specific area by corresponding limitations, the blocks being conveyed through under the limitations. After running through this area or the ageing region, the blocks are conveyed through under the extraction device.
  • the ageing region is at least partially covered by a covering shroud, in order to reduce expulsion of dust during the ageing process.
  • the blocks are made to vibrate during the extraction.
  • the dust generated by the distressing action of the distressing bodies is made to swirled up by vibration of the blocks and can consequently be advantageously taken up by the extraction device, preferably by a horizontal air stream.
  • the use of a vibration device to set the blocks in motion has been found to be particularly suitable here, it being possible in a structurally advantageous way to use the vibration device that is already present to set the blocks and the distressing bodies in motion in relation to one another.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a layer of blocks as produced, during the ageing process
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of a layer of blocks as produced, which have been applied to an underlying surface, with an extraction device connected to a magnet arranged above them;
  • FIG. 3 shows a representation according to FIG. 2 , the extraction device having been lowered to carry out the extraction process, and enclosing an upper region of the blocks;
  • FIG. 4 shows a view from below of the magnet and the suction region of the extraction device that is formed by the underside of the magnet and the side walls, according to the direction of the arrow IV of FIG. 2 ;
  • FIG. 5 shows a detail of the suction region, of the magnet, of the distressing bodies and of the blocks to be aged during the implementation of the ageing process
  • FIG. 6 shows a representation of the extraction device with two suction regions, the underlying surface on which the blocks rest, formed as a conveyor belt, and the blocks being transported from the first suction region to the second suction region by means of the conveyor belt;
  • FIG. 7 shows a representation of an alternative extraction device, which the blocks run through after the distressing action by the distressing bodies.
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative configuration of the extraction device with a rotating brush.
  • any desired blocks for example paving elements, facade elements, sand-lime blocks, concrete blocks, bricks or vitrified bricks or natural stones, can be aged, irrespective of the nature of their material.
  • the ageing of blocks 1 which are formed as concrete blocks is presented below on the basis of the exemplary embodiment. However, it goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to this.
  • the production of concrete blocks 1 in particular of concrete paving slabs, is sufficiently known, for which reason it is not discussed in any more detail here.
  • the concrete blocks 1 generally leave the production installation in a layer in which they are produced, i.e. in an arrangement in which a multiplicity of concrete blocks 1 are arranged next to one another as a single layer.
  • Such a production installation is represented by way of example in FIGS. 1 to 3 .
  • the concrete blocks 1 are applied as a single layer to an underlying surface 2 .
  • FIG. 1 shows a plurality of distressing bodies 3 , which have been applied to or placed onto the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 .
  • the distressing bodies 3 are freely movable with respect to the surface 1 a .
  • the distressing bodies 3 are likewise freely movable with respect to one another.
  • the distressing bodies 3 may be produced from any desired material.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are formed from hard metal, metal or steel.
  • the form of the distressing bodies 3 may likewise be chosen as desired, it having been found to be advantageous to form the distressing bodies 3 in a spherical, annular, polygonal or cylindrical manner.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are formed in a spherical manner.
  • a magnet 4 is provided in order to deposit the distressing bodies 3 onto the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 and remove them again from the latter.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are either attracted by the magnet 4 or fall from it (due to gravitational force) in the direction of the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 .
  • FIG. 2 shows a positioning of the layer of blocks 1 before the beginning of the ageing process. In an alternative embodiment, it may also be provided in this case that the vibration process is already in progress while the distressing bodies 3 are applied.
  • FIG. 1 shows a possible representation or arrangement of the blocks 1 during the ageing process, i.e. during the vibration of the underlying surface 2 .
  • vibration devices 5 such as that represented for example in FIG. 2, 3 or 6 , may be used.
  • the vibration devices 5 may be formed, for example, as unbalanced mass vibration generators.
  • the blocks 1 and the distressing bodies 3 are set in motion in relation to one another by the vibration device 5 in such a way that the distressing bodies 3 act on the surface 1 a and the exposed edges 1 b of the blocks 1 .
  • the vibrating motion of the underlying surface 2 causes the distressing bodies 3 to be repelled from the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 , in order subsequently to fall back again onto the surface 1 a or the edges 1 b.
  • the extraction device 6 has a suction region 7 , which at least almost encloses the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 to be worked.
  • a layer of blocks 1 as produced is arranged on the underlying surface 2 .
  • the suction region 7 in this case encloses the surface of the entire layer of blocks 1 as produced.
  • the blocks 1 arranged in a layer in which they are produced are placed onto the underlying surface 2 before the vibration devices 5 introduce the vibrations.
  • the blocks 1 are in this case closely adjacent one another, generally in the way in which the blocks 1 were produced.
  • the suction region 7 has a base area 8 which almost corresponds to the horizontal extent of the blocks 1 arranged in interlocking formation on the underlying surface 2 , even when the blocks 1 have taken up a defined distance from one another because of the vibrations.
  • side walls 9 that are suitable for laterally enclosing the blocks 1 arranged in interlocking formation are formed.
  • the base area 8 of the suction region 7 is formed in the exemplary embodiment by the underside of the magnet 4 provided for the depositing and/or removal of the distressing bodies 3 .
  • the side walls 9 of the suction region 7 enclose at least an upper region of the blocks 1 during the ageing process.
  • the side walls 9 are in this case formed as a limiting device for the distressing bodies 3 .
  • the lateral or horizontal movement of the distressing bodies 3 is consequently essentially restricted to the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 .
  • the side walls 9 also serve for limiting the lateral or horizontal movement of the blocks 1 .
  • the side walls 9 in this case enclose an entire layer of blocks 1 as produced.
  • the area enclosed by the side walls 9 is in this case greater than the surface area which the blocks 1 take up when they are adjacently arranged. Consequently—as a result of the vibrating motion of the underlying support 2 —the blocks 1 have the possibility of assuming a distance from one another. This is represented in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 1 does not show the side walls 9 , which enclose the upper region of the blocks 1 and the distressing bodies 3 during the ageing process according to FIG. 3 .
  • the side walls 9 make it possible that the blocks 1 can assume a distance from one another which permits the distressing bodies 3 to act on two adjoining edges 1 b of two blocks 1 and/or of one block 1 and of a side wall 9 , without the distressing bodies 3 being able to penetrate completely into the intermediate spaces produced.
  • the underside 8 of the magnet 4 , the side walls 9 and the upper side 1 a of the blocks 1 to be worked form an at least almost enclosed space 10 during the ageing process.
  • the distressing bodies 3 for working the blocks 1 move within the enclosed space 10 .
  • the side walls 9 have a height which ensures that the distressing bodies 3 do not contact the underside 8 of the magnet 4 during the ageing process.
  • the side walls 9 are formed as a frame or connected to one another in the form of a frame.
  • the side walls 9 are directly connected to the underside 8 of the magnet 4 .
  • the underside 8 and the side walls 9 (considered together) are formed as a dish, box or cup.
  • the extraction device 6 has a number of suction pipes 11 , which open out into the suction region 7 .
  • the suction region 7 according to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 corresponds to the enclosed space 10 , so that the dust and the fragments generated during the working of the blocks 1 can be effectively extracted.
  • the expulsion of dust from the enclosed space 10 is largely avoided, and in addition the suction power is not reduced by unnecessarily taking in “clean” ambient air.
  • the side walls 9 are provided with air slits 9 a or openings, through which air can flow into the suction region 7 .
  • air slits 9 a or openings, through which air can flow into the suction region 7 .
  • the air slits 9 a are preferably arranged on the side lying opposite the suction pipes 11 , so that a cross flow is created.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are magnetically lifted off the surface 1 a .
  • the magnet 4 and consequently also the suction region 7 formed by the underside 8 and the side walls 9 , is connected to a movable guiding device 12 , which can lower and raise the magnet 4 .
  • Many solutions for the configuration of the guiding device 12 are known from the general state of the art.
  • FIG. 4 shows the suction region 7 , formed by the underside 8 and the side walls 9 , as well as the magnet 4 in a view from below.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are in this case located on the underside 8 of the magnet 4 and are attracted by it.
  • the suction region 7 is lowered together with the magnet 4 by the guiding device 12 until the side walls 9 enclose an upper region of the blocks 1 . This is represented in FIG. 3 . After reaching this position, which is also represented in section in FIG. 5 , the ageing process can begin.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are set in motion and repelled upward, so that subsequently, due to gravitational force, they fall back again onto the surface 1 a or the edges 1 b of the blocks 1 with distressing action.
  • the blocks 1 move laterally or horizontally, so that the position represented in FIG. 1 is obtained.
  • the distressing bodies 3 are attracted or picked up again by the magnet 4 , to adhere to the underside 8 of the magnet 4 .
  • the magnet 4 and consequently also the suction region 7 formed by the underside 8 and the side walls 9 , is raised again.
  • the aged layer of blocks 1 as produced can be removed and a new layer of blocks as produced can be fed in. In this way, the starting position represented in FIG. 2 is re-established.
  • the underlying surface 2 is formed as a conveyor belt.
  • a vibration table 5 a or an underlying vibratory surface is arranged between the underlying surface 2 formed as a conveyor belt and the vibration devices 5 .
  • the extraction device 6 has a second suction region 13 , through which the blocks 1 run after the ageing station, in which the blocks 1 are aged by the distressing action by the distressing bodies 3 .
  • the second suction region 13 is arranged downstream of the ageing station in the conveying direction, and consequently also downstream of the first suction region 7 .
  • the second suction region 13 reaches over the blocks 1 transversely in relation to the running-through direction or the conveying direction of the conveyor belt 2 .
  • the second suction region 13 is provided with stripping elements 14 , which strip dust, fragments and the like from the surface of the blocks 1 .
  • the stripping elements 14 are formed in the exemplary embodiment as brushes arranged closely adjacent one another. A number of suction pipes 15 open out into the second suction region 13 .
  • the extraction device 6 has a switching device 16 , which connects a suction unit 17 of the extraction device 6 either to the first suction region 7 or to the second suction region 13 .
  • the suction unit 17 operates with constant power, the switching device 16 controlling from which suction region 7 , 13 extraction takes place.
  • the switching device 16 may have, for example, a pneumatic cylinder for the switching.
  • FIG. 6 shows a layer of blocks 1 as produced, while they are being transported from the ageing station or the first suction region 7 .
  • the blocks 1 of a layer as produced that are at the front in the conveying direction in this case already run through the second suction region 13 while the blocks 1 at the rear in the conveying direction have not yet completely left the suction region 7 .
  • the suction region 7 and the suction region 13 may also be spatially separate from each other to such an extent that the blocks 1 of a layer as produced that are at the front in the conveying direction only reach the suction region 13 when the blocks 1 at the rear in the conveying direction have already left the first suction region 7 .
  • the switching device 16 has already switched off the first suction region 7 , i.e. closed access to the suction pipes 11 , when the blocks 1 of a layer as produced that are at the front in the conveying direction are being fed to the second suction region 13 .
  • the magnet 4 and the suction unit 17 may be formed in a conventional manner.
  • the extraction device 6 described above in the exemplary embodiment may also be operated in such a way that the extraction extracts dust and/or fragments only after the distressing action of the distressing bodies 3 . According to FIGS. 1 to 6 of the exemplary embodiment, otherwise no changes are structurally necessary for this purpose.
  • FIG. 7 shows the embodiment of the invention that is an alternative to FIGS. 1 to 6 , with provision of an extraction device 6 through which the blocks 1 run after the distressing action by the distressing bodies 3 , with the extraction device 6 extracting dust and/or fragments.
  • the extraction device 6 reaches over the blocks 1 transversely in relation to the running-through direction.
  • the blocks 1 are moved continuously in the conveying direction.
  • the underlying surface 2 is in this case formed as a conveyor belt.
  • other structural measures are also known from the general state of the art—in particular measures that have already been described with respect to FIGS. 1 to 6 —to convey the blocks 1 in the conveying direction.
  • the blocks 1 first run through a region in which the distressing bodies 3 are arranged.
  • lateral limitations 18 which restrict the lateral or horizontal movement of the distressing bodies 3 to a defined region.
  • the blocks 1 run through under the lateral limitations 18 and, as they run through, are aged in the way already described.
  • the lateral limitations 18 are represented in principle as a frame.
  • the extraction device 6 according to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 7 may be configured in any way desired.
  • the extraction device 6 may in this case be constructed in a way analogous to the extraction device 6 according to FIGS. 1 to 6 , for example have a suction region 7 .
  • the suction region of the extraction device 6 according to FIG. 7 may also be configured according to the suction region 13 of FIGS. 1 to 6 .
  • the suction region of the extraction device 6 according to the embodiment of FIG. 7 may also be provided with stripping elements, preferably brushes, which strip dust, fragments and the like from the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 .
  • the embodiment according to FIG. 7 permits continuous or discontinuous operation of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • the extraction device 6 has, by analogy with the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6 , a suction region which can be lowered.
  • the extraction device 6 according to the embodiment as shown in FIG. 7 need not be adapted to the entire surface area of a layer of blocks as produced, since the blocks 1 can in any case be fed in independently of the layer.
  • the dimensions of the suction region of the extraction device 6 according to FIG. 7 may be based in an advantageous way on the desired suction power.
  • FIG. 7 shows a covering shroud 19 , which is suitable for at least partially covering the region in which the distressing bodies 3 acts with an ageing effect on the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 , so that expulsion of dust is reduced.
  • FIG. 8 shows a configuration of the extraction device 6 in which a rotating brush 20 is used.
  • the rotating brush is in this case formed as a brush roller 20 and rotates counter to the running-through direction of the blocks 1 . Consequently, dust and the like remaining on the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 is brushed off and fed to a suction region 13 .
  • the suction region 13 is arranged between the stripping elements 14 , for example a brush strip 14 , the suction region 13 preferably adjoining the brush strip 14 .
  • the brush strip 14 consequently serves as a limitation for the dust that is made to swirl up or stripped off by the brush roller 20 .
  • the blocks 1 run through under the brush strip 14 and only large pieces of rock are retained by the latter.
  • the brush elements of the brush strip 14 preferably are in this case at a small distance from the surface 1 a of the blocks 1 .
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8 may be used in all the exemplary embodiments described above, for example instead of the suction region 13 of the embodiment according to FIG. 6 or the suction region 7 of the embodiment according to FIG. 7 .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
US11/239,648 2004-10-02 2005-09-29 Process for artificially ageing blocks Abandoned US20060080938A1 (en)

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DE102004048147 2004-10-02
DE102004048147.4 2004-10-02
DE102005029213.5 2005-06-22
DE102005029213A DE102005029213A1 (de) 2004-10-02 2005-06-22 Vorrichtung zum künstlichen Altern von Steinen

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DE (1) DE102005029213A1 (de)
WO (1) WO2006037479A1 (de)

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