US2005532A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

June 18, 1935. Q Q BRUMM 7 2,005,532

OIL BURNER Filed June 28, 1933 I INVENTOR Gzogzefi 0. BRUMM ATTORNEY I Patented June 18, 1935 UNHTED hTA'FES orries OIL BURNER George 9. Brumm, Worcester. Mass.

Applicaticn June 28, 1933, Serial No. 677,97?

3 Claims.

5 troughs each of which is located beneath and in communication with an annular combustion chamber having perforated walls.

In burnersof this type it is customary to provide upstanding cylindrical wicks in the fuel grooves in order to facilitate the lighting of the fuel. It usually requires a considerable length of time for these wicks to become saturated with oil, and for the oil to become ignited throughout the entire circumference of the burner. This makes it necessary to wait for a substantial period until the burner becomes hot enough to generate oil vapor.

It is accordingly one object ofthe invention to' provide an oil burner so constructed and arranged that the wick will become saturated with oil very rapidly after the oil is admitted into the burner.

In prior burners of this type it is usually necessary to-cut notches'in the bottoms of the Wicks so that the wicks will not obstruct the flow of the oil vapor into the combustion chambers. The wicks sometimes become shifted from their correct positions in the burner, and the notches fail to register properly with the vapor passages. As a result the vapor cannot reach the combustion chambers, and the operation is unsatisfactory.

It is accordingly a further object of the invention to provide an oil burner so constructed and arranged that the oil vapor may flow freely to the combustion chambers at all times, and the wicks need not be cut away for this purpose. I

When burners as heretofore constructed are placed in operation, it is usually found that the fuel burns at a higher rate in one combustion chamber than in the other. As a result, the heat generating capacity of the burner is seriously limited, since only one of the combustion chambers can be operated at its full capacity.

It is accordingly 2. further object of the invention to provide an oil burner so constructed and arranged that both combustion chambers can be operated at full capacity.

With these and other objects in view, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the invention resides in the combination of parts set forth in the specification and covered by the claims appended hereto.

Referring to the drawing illustrating one em- (ci. itser) bodiment of the invention and in which like reference numerals indicate like parts,

Fig; l is a vertical section through an oil burner, the section being taken on the line l-! of Fig.2;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the burner base;

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the burner base; and

Fig. i is a section on theline 4-4 of Fig. 1.

The embodiment illustrated in the drawing comprises a base of suitable material, such as cast iron, shaped to provide inner and outer concentric annularfuel grooves or troughs H and The bottoms of these grooves are preferably in the same horizontal plane. cylindrical wick i l is mounted in each fuel groove. Four concentric perforated cylindrical sleeves 115 are. mounted on the base it and arranged to form two annular combustion chambers H and 58 located directly above andin communication with the grooves ii and i2 respectively. The sleeves it are preferably comparatively thin and formed from a suitable high heat resisting steel. A circular cover plate at is supported at the top of the inner sleeve, and an annular cover plate 211 is mounted at the top of the annular space between the two combustion chambers ll and it. These plates 28 and El baffle the upwardly flowing air currents in a manner well understood in this art, and aid in directing the air through the perforations in the sleeves and into the combustion chambers.

The base M3 is shaped to provide horizontal passages 23 which connect the inner and outer fuel grooves El and it. In the embodiment illustrated there are four of these passages equally spaced about the circumference of the burner, and they preferably extend radially as shown in the. drawing. The bottoms of the passages 23 are preferably in. the same horizontal plane as the bottoms of the fuel grooves.

In order to supply fuel to the passages 23, I provide passages 25, which in the embodiment illustrated extend radially and directly beneath the passages $33. The outer ends of the fuel delivery passages 25 communicate with the passages 23 through openings 26 in the bottom walls of the latter passages. The fuel thus flows upwardly through the openings 26 and thence laterally in both directions along the passages 23 to the fuel grooves. The inner ends of the lower passages 25 communicate with a central chamber it, which is shown as circular and concentric with the fuel grooves. Oil is introduced into the chamber 28 by means of a pipe An upstanding 1 29 communicating with an opening 30 in the bottom wall of the chamber.

The operation of the invention will now be apparent from the above disclosure. 'Oil'is admitted into the chamber 28 through the pipe is and flows outwardly through the passages 25, upwardly through the openings 28 into the passages 23, and then along the latter passages in both directions into the fuel grooves H and H2. The entering oil is directed against the sides of the wicks M and saturates them very rapidly, so that the burner can be ignited almost immediately by applying a suitable lighter to the wicks. The burning oil quickly heats the burner and causes the generation of oil vapor in considerable volume in the chamber 28, which may therefore be described as a vaporizing chamber. The flow of oil through the pipe 29 is restricted by a suitable valve, in accordance with the usual practice, and as the burner becomes heated the level of the liquid oil moves downwardly until a point is reached at which the heat traveling downwardly from the burner is just sufiicient to vaporize the oil as fast as it is delivered through the valve. This establishes a balance, and the liquid level will then remain substantially constant during normal operation. With the burner proportioned as illustrated, this liquid level will be slightly below the bottom of the passages 25, so that these passages serve to distribute oil vapor alone after the parts have become thoroughly heated. The oil vapor is mixed with air in the combustion chambers H and i and the cornbustion flame extends upwardly above these chambers.

. It will be noted that the wicks M do not have to be notched or otherwise cut away to accom modate the flow of fuel. Furthermore, as a re sult of the arrangement of the passages, the oil vapor is delivered to both the fuel grooves at substantially the same pressure. This equalizes the combustion rates in the two combustion chambers, and permits both the combustion chambers to operate at full capacity when a high rate of heat liberation is desired. The entire construe.-

tion is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, and convenient to install and operate.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner comprising meansforming a pair of spaced concentric annular fuel grooves, walls certain of which are perforated forming annular combustion chambers above an in communication with the grooves, substantially radial passages connecting the grooves, each passage having a bottom wall provided with an opening therethrough located between the fuel grooves, a central vaporizing means, fuel delivery passages extending substantially radially outward from the vaporizing means, the fuel delivery passages being located beneath the first mentioned passages and having their outer ends connected to the openings, and means 'to deliver oil to the vaporizing means.

2. An oil burner comprising means forming a pair of spaced concentric annular fuel grooves, walls certain of which are perforated forming annular combustion chambers above and in communication with the grooves, substantially radial passages connecting the grooves, each passage having a bottom wall provided with an opening therethrough located between the fuel grooves, a central vaporizing means, fuel delivery passages extending outwardly from the vaporizing means to the openings, and means to deliver oil to the vaporizing means.

3. As an article of manufacture, an oil burner base comprising means forming a pair of spaced concentric annular fuel grooves connected by substantially radial passages, each passage having a bottom wall provided with an opening therethrough located between the fuel grooves, a central vaporizing chamber having an inlet for the supply of oil thereto, and fuel delivery passages extending substantially radially outward from the vaporizing chamber, the fuel delivery passages being located beneath the first mentioned passages and having their outer ends connected to the openings.

GEORGE O. BRUMM.

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