US20050284086A1 - Foundation structure - Google Patents
Foundation structure Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20050284086A1 US20050284086A1 US10/521,463 US52146305A US2005284086A1 US 20050284086 A1 US20050284086 A1 US 20050284086A1 US 52146305 A US52146305 A US 52146305A US 2005284086 A1 US2005284086 A1 US 2005284086A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- panels
- foundation structure
- shuttering
- settable material
- channels
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011210 fiber-reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012773 waffles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/01—Flat foundations
- E02D27/02—Flat foundations without substantial excavation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0004—Synthetics
- E02D2300/0018—Cement used as binder
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2300/00—Materials
- E02D2300/0051—Including fibers
Definitions
- This invention relates to a composite foundation structure and a method of constructing such structure.
- a method of constructing a composite foundation structure including the steps of:
- the method may include the further step of providing a level surface on which the shuttering is constructed by either levelling the existing soil surface or by removing soil, for example.
- the shuttering may be arranged such that they form angular structures defining an internal opening, the grid of channels being defined between adjacent structures.
- Adjacent structures may be connected to and spaced from each other with spacers.
- the method may include the further step of returning removed soil to the internal openings after the step of arranging the panels and prior to casting the settable material into the channels.
- the method may include the further step of compacting the soil in the openings.
- the panels may comprise non-degradable pre-cast concrete or fibre reinforced cementicious material.
- the spacers may also be of cementicious material.
- a foundation structure comprising:
- the shuttering may be of settable material.
- the panels are of non-degradable pre-cast concrete or fibre reinforced cementicious material.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view along line B-B 1 in FIG. 2 of a composite foundation structure according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional end view along lines A-A 1 in FIG. 1 ;
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional end view similar to that of FIG. 2 of a composite foundation structure according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view similar to that of FIG. 1 of a composite foundation structure according to a third embodiment of the invention.
- a composite foundation structure according to a first embodiment of the invention is generally designated by reference numeral 10 .
- the foundation structure 10 comprises shuttering 12 of pre-cast panels 14 , defining an intersecting grid of channels 16 wherein beams 18 of settable material are cast.
- the pre-cast panels 14 are of a fibre-reinforced concrete and are preferably in the form of reject panels of the type used in mining applications, for example. The applicant has found that reject panels are preferable due to their relatively rough surface.
- the pre-cast panels 14 are nailed to each other to form rectangular structures 14 . 1 each defining a central opening 14 . 2 .
- the ground surface 22 ( FIG. 2 ) is levelled by removing a body of soil and the rectangular structures 14 . 1 arranged on the ground 22 , with the panels 14 in parallel extending spaced relationship, and with adjacent rectangular structures 14 . 1 being connected to and spaced from each other by spacers 20 of the same material.
- An intersecting grid of channels 16 is thus defined between the rectangular structures 14 . 1 .
- the soil that was removed to level the ground 22 is disposed in the internal openings 14 . 2 and compacted. Thereafter a settable material in the form of concrete is cast into the channels 16 and across the rectangular structures 14 . 1 to cover the compacted soil, and allowed to set.
- the method according to the invention provides the further advantage of using waste material that is relatively cheap.
- a composite foundation structure according to a second embodiment of the invention is generally designated by reference numeral 10 A.
- the foundation structure 10 A is similar to the foundation structure 10 , with the exception that the pre-cast panels 14 A are arranged to provide a channel 16 A having an inverted T-shaped cross-sectional or hammer foot profile.
- Such foundation structure 10 A is relatively stiffer but more expensive due to the use of more concrete in the construction thereof. It will be appreciated that the foundation structure 10 A according to the second embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable for soil that is very problematic.
- a composite foundation structure according to a third embodiment of the invention is generally designated by reference numeral 10 B.
- the foundation structure 10 B is similar to the foundation structure 10 , with the exception that the pre-cast panels 14 B are arranged to provide a triangular internal opening 14 . 2 B.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Foundations (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method of constructing a composite foundation structure (10) comprising shuttering (12) of pre-cast panels (14), defining an intersecting grid of channels (16) wherein beams (18) of settable material are cast. The panels (14) are connected to form rectangular structures (14.1). The rectangular structures are arranged on the ground (22), with the panels (14) in parallel extending spaced relationship, and with adjacent rectangular structures (14.1) being connected to and spaced from each other by spacers (20) of the same material. An interesting grid of channels (16) is thus defined between the rectangular structures (14.1). Thereafter a settable material is cast into the channels (16) and across the rectangular structures (14.1) and allowed to set. The concrete bonds to the pre-cast panels (14) and spacers (20) to form an integral composite foundation structure (10) that can be constructed relatively easily in problem soils.
Description
- This invention relates to a composite foundation structure and a method of constructing such structure.
- In certain problem soil conditions, such as sandy, cobbly, clayey, gravely soil or the like, conventional so-called waffle raft foundations are relatively difficult to construct. The reason for this is that when digging a grid of intersecting trenches in such problem soil, the sidewalls of the trenches tend to collapse.
- It is accordingly an object of the present invention to provide a composite foundation structure and a method of constructing such structure with which the aforesaid disadvantage can be overcome or at least minimised.
- According to a first aspect of the invention there is provided a method of constructing a composite foundation structure including the steps of:
-
- providing a plurality of panels;
- arranging the panels to provide shuttering defining a grid of intersecting channels for receiving settable material;
- casting settable material into the channels; and
- allowing the settable material to set and to bond to the shuttering so that the panels are incorporated into the foundation structure as an integral part thereof.
- The method may include the further step of providing a level surface on which the shuttering is constructed by either levelling the existing soil surface or by removing soil, for example.
- The shuttering may be arranged such that they form angular structures defining an internal opening, the grid of channels being defined between adjacent structures.
- Adjacent structures may be connected to and spaced from each other with spacers.
- The method may include the further step of returning removed soil to the internal openings after the step of arranging the panels and prior to casting the settable material into the channels.
- The method may include the further step of compacting the soil in the openings.
- The panels may comprise non-degradable pre-cast concrete or fibre reinforced cementicious material.
- The spacers may also be of cementicious material.
- According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a composite foundation structure constructed according to the above method.
- According to a third aspect of the invention there is provided a foundation structure comprising:
-
- a grid of intersecting beams of set settable material; and
- shuttering of pre-cast panels bonded to the settable material.
- The shuttering may be of settable material.
- Preferably the panels are of non-degradable pre-cast concrete or fibre reinforced cementicious material.
- The invention will now be described further by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings wherein:
-
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view along line B-B1 inFIG. 2 of a composite foundation structure according to a first embodiment of the invention; -
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional end view along lines A-A1 inFIG. 1 ; -
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional end view similar to that ofFIG. 2 of a composite foundation structure according to a second embodiment of the invention; and -
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view similar to that ofFIG. 1 of a composite foundation structure according to a third embodiment of the invention. - Referring to
FIGS. 1 and 2 , a composite foundation structure according to a first embodiment of the invention is generally designated byreference numeral 10. - The
foundation structure 10 comprises shuttering 12 ofpre-cast panels 14, defining an intersecting grid ofchannels 16 whereinbeams 18 of settable material are cast. - The
pre-cast panels 14 are of a fibre-reinforced concrete and are preferably in the form of reject panels of the type used in mining applications, for example. The applicant has found that reject panels are preferable due to their relatively rough surface. Thepre-cast panels 14 are nailed to each other to form rectangular structures 14.1 each defining a central opening 14.2. - In use, the ground surface 22 (
FIG. 2 ) is levelled by removing a body of soil and the rectangular structures 14.1 arranged on theground 22, with thepanels 14 in parallel extending spaced relationship, and with adjacent rectangular structures 14.1 being connected to and spaced from each other byspacers 20 of the same material. An intersecting grid ofchannels 16 is thus defined between the rectangular structures 14.1. - The soil that was removed to level the
ground 22 is disposed in the internal openings 14.2 and compacted. Thereafter a settable material in the form of concrete is cast into thechannels 16 and across the rectangular structures 14.1 to cover the compacted soil, and allowed to set. The concrete bonds to thepre-cast panels 14 andspacers 20 to form an integralcomposite foundation structure 10 that can be constructed relatively easily in problem soils. - The method according to the invention provides the further advantage of using waste material that is relatively cheap.
- Referring to
FIG. 3 , a composite foundation structure according to a second embodiment of the invention is generally designated byreference numeral 10A. Thefoundation structure 10A is similar to thefoundation structure 10, with the exception that thepre-cast panels 14A are arranged to provide a channel 16A having an inverted T-shaped cross-sectional or hammer foot profile.Such foundation structure 10A is relatively stiffer but more expensive due to the use of more concrete in the construction thereof. It will be appreciated that thefoundation structure 10A according to the second embodiment of the invention is particularly suitable for soil that is very problematic. - Referring to
FIG. 4 , a composite foundation structure according to a third embodiment of the invention is generally designated byreference numeral 10B. Thefoundation structure 10B is similar to thefoundation structure 10, with the exception that thepre-cast panels 14B are arranged to provide a triangular internal opening 14.2B. - It will be appreciated that variations in detail are possible with a composite foundation structure and a method of constructing such structure according to the invention without departing from the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (14)
1. A method of constructing a composite foundation structure including the steps of:
providing a plurality of panels;
arranging the panels to provide shuttering defining a grid of intersecting channels for receiving settable material;
casting settable material into the channels; and
allowing the settable material to set and to bond to the shuttering so that the panels are incorporated into the foundation structure as an integral part thereof.
2. A method according to claim 1 , which includes the further step of providing a level surface on which the shuttering is constructed.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the shuttering are arranged such that they form angular structures each defining an internal opening, the grid of channels being defined between adjacent structures.
4. A method according to claim 3 wherein adjacent structures are connected to and spaced from each other with spacers.
5. A method according to claim 3 or 4 insofar as they are dependant on claim 2 wherein the step of providing a level surface on which the shuttering is constructed includes levelling the existing soil surface, by removing soil, which includes the further step of returning removed soil to the internal openings after the step of arranging the panels and prior to casting the settable material into the channels.
6. A method according to claim 5 , which includes the further step of compacting the soil in the openings.
7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein the panels are selected from the group comprising non-degradable pre-cast concrete and fibre reinforced cementicious material.
8. A method according to claim 4 wherein the spacers are of cementicious material.
9. A method substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
10. A composite foundation structure constructed according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 9 .
11. A foundation structure comprising a grid of intersecting beams of set settable material and shuttering of pre-cast panels bonded to the settable material.
12. A foundation structure according to claim 11 wherein the shuttering is of settable material.
13. A foundation structure according to claim 11 or 12 wherein the panels are selected from the group comprising non-degradable pre-cast concrete and fibre reinforced cementicious material.
14. A foundation structure substantially as herein described and as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/ZA2002/000115 WO2004007848A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2002-07-17 | Foundation structure |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20050284086A1 true US20050284086A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
Family
ID=30116339
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/521,463 Abandoned US20050284086A1 (en) | 2002-07-17 | 2002-07-17 | Foundation structure |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20050284086A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2002332143A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2407108B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004007848A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2309233A (en) * | 1938-11-28 | 1943-01-26 | Black Alexander Russell | Subirrigation system |
US2386020A (en) * | 1943-05-17 | 1945-10-02 | Frederick K Wendelken | Sectional surface drain conduit |
US2422837A (en) * | 1945-11-30 | 1947-06-24 | Julius J Ohlis | Panel construction |
US3848377A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1974-11-19 | M Mori | Mat foundation |
US4886399A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1989-12-12 | Pidgeon John T | Method of constructing a foundation for buildings |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5595728A (en) * | 1979-01-09 | 1980-07-21 | Nippon Valqua Ind Ltd | Disposable form for strip footing of concrete |
JP2863863B2 (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1999-03-03 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | How to build underground beams |
JP3101202B2 (en) * | 1996-04-11 | 2000-10-23 | 株式会社赤城商会 | Foundation or retaining wall construction materials |
JP2002047660A (en) * | 2000-07-31 | 2002-02-15 | Fukuichi Itani | Foundation execution method for house or the like and foundation form panel |
FR2817573B1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2004-02-13 | Richard Dilon | BASE WALL FOR A CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A WALL |
-
2002
- 2002-07-17 AU AU2002332143A patent/AU2002332143A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-17 WO PCT/ZA2002/000115 patent/WO2004007848A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-17 US US10/521,463 patent/US20050284086A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-17 GB GB0503335A patent/GB2407108B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2309233A (en) * | 1938-11-28 | 1943-01-26 | Black Alexander Russell | Subirrigation system |
US2386020A (en) * | 1943-05-17 | 1945-10-02 | Frederick K Wendelken | Sectional surface drain conduit |
US2422837A (en) * | 1945-11-30 | 1947-06-24 | Julius J Ohlis | Panel construction |
US3848377A (en) * | 1973-02-09 | 1974-11-19 | M Mori | Mat foundation |
US4886399A (en) * | 1987-02-12 | 1989-12-12 | Pidgeon John T | Method of constructing a foundation for buildings |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB0503335D0 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
AU2002332143A1 (en) | 2004-02-02 |
GB2407108A (en) | 2005-04-20 |
GB2407108B (en) | 2006-02-22 |
WO2004007848A1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STCB | Information on status: application discontinuation |
Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION |