JPH054495B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a construction method for forming a strong foundation on soft ground.

[Conventional technology]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Recently, land conditions around urban areas have worsened, and it has become increasingly common for architectural structures or civil engineering structures to be constructed even on soft ground.

Conventionally, when constructing houses, retaining walls, etc. on soft ground, the soft ground was generally improved by replacing it with high-quality earth and sand, and then a chestnut stone foundation work 20 was applied, as shown in Figure 1. The foundation concrete 21 is poured, or as shown in FIG.
A method was used in which the superstructure was placed after the foundation was constructed by pouring the foundation concrete 32.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, replacing the ground requires removing a large amount of poor soil and replacing it with the same volume of good quality soil, which is not only uneconomical as it requires a lot of labor and money, but also wastes the surrounding land. Construction is becoming difficult due to pollution caused by sludge. In addition, in order to uniformly transfer the load of the structure from the foundation surface to the underlying ground, the ground must be finished uniformly, but in the case of ground improvement, this is difficult, and it is necessary to finish the foundation with a chestnut foundation or a cut earth foundation. In this case, the foundation lacks integrity and the load is not distributed evenly, which may lead to uneven settlement.
On the other hand, in the case of pile foundations, the load is generally borne only by the piles, making it impossible to distribute the load uniformly, resulting in uneven settlement.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention has the following features:
This was done with the purpose of providing a construction method that can construct a strong foundation on soft ground.

Therefore, the first construction method of the present invention to achieve the above object has a planar cross shape with wing parts projecting on the four peripheries, and the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side of the wing part is 2: 1, and the shape of the outer surface of each wing is a refracted wave shape with the same waveform and wave width, and the long side of each wing is
2n phase, a pile body is protruded downward from approximately the center of the back surface of the top plate, which is formed so that the short side is wave-shaped with n phase and the shapes of the opposing side surfaces can mesh with each other. A right triangular plate is provided between the body and each of the wing parts so as to intersect at right angles with the pile body in between, and a plurality of through holes are provided vertically in each wing part and the center part. The shape of each outer surface of a rectangular cylindrical body having a rectangular planar shape with one side having the same length as the long side of the basic block wing and a cylindrical through hole in the center is determined according to the basic concrete block. The refracted waveform has the same waveform and the same wave width as the block, and each side is formed into a waveform with a 2n phase, and the opposing side surfaces are formed so that they can mesh with each other, and the height is the same as that of the basic block. The thickness of the top plate is combined with a wedge block formed to the sum of the length from the back surface of the top plate to the lower part of the intersection of the right triangular plate, and the basic blocks are arranged in mesh with each other in a checkerboard pattern. A pile body is driven into the ground, and a wedge block is inserted into the space surrounded by four adjacent basic blocks to form an interlocking plate, and the space formed between the top plate of the basic blocks and the ground is The second construction method of the present invention is characterized in that the through hole is filled with sand and gravel and compacted, and the structure of the second construction method of the present invention to achieve the above object is to form a cross-shaped planar structure having wings projecting on all four sides. The ratio of the length of the long side to the short side of the blade is 2:1, and the shape of the outer surface of each blade is a refracted wave shape with the same waveform and wave width, and the long side is 2n phase, respectively.
A pile body is provided downwardly protruding from approximately the center of the back surface of the top plate, which is formed so that the shorter sides are shaped into n-phase waves and the shapes of the opposing side surfaces can mesh with each other. Concrete comprising a right triangular plate protruding between each wing part so as to intersect at right angles with the pile body in between, and a plurality of perforations vertically provided in each wing part and the center part. Basic block and
The shape of each outer surface of the rectangular cylindrical body, which has a rectangular planar shape with one side having the same length as the long side of the basic block wing part and has a cylindrical through hole in the center, has the same waveform as the basic block. The refracted wave shape has the same wave width, and each side is formed into a wave shape with a 2n phase, and the opposing side surfaces are formed so that they can mesh with each other, and the height is set to match the thickness of the top plate of the basic block. Combine it with a wedge block formed by the sum of the lengths from the back of the top plate to the lower part of the intersection of the right-angled triangular plates, arrange the basic blocks in a grid pattern, and drive the pile body into the ground. A wedge block is inserted into a space surrounded by four adjacent basic blocks to form an interlocking plate, and the long side is located in the rectangular cutout formed on the four peripheries of the interlocking plate. Rectangular wedge blocks with the same length as the long side and a ratio of long side to short side length of 2:1 are interlocked and connected, and square shaped notches are formed at the four corners of the interlocking blocks. Then, a square wedge block whose one side has the same length as the short side of the basic block wing section is interlocked and inserted into the space formed between the top plate of the basic block and the ground and the through hole. It is characterized by filling and compacting sand and gravel.

〔Example〕

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

A is a cross-shaped concrete basic block,
As shown in FIG. 3, the cross-shaped top plate 1 has an upper wing section 2, a lower wing section 3, a left wing section 4, and a right wing section 5, and each wing section has a width to height ratio of 2. :1, their outer surfaces form a refracted wave shape with the same wavelength and the same wave width, and each length is formed into a 2n phase on the width side and an n phase on the height side, and the outer surface 2a of the upper wing portion 2
and the outer surface 3a of the lower wing section 3, and the outer surface 4a of the left wing section 4.
and the outer surface 5a of the right wing section 5, the outer surfaces 2b and 2c in the height direction of each wing section 2 to 5, 3b and 3c, 4b and 4
c, 5b, and 5c are each formed in a shape that can mesh with each other, and on the back side of the top plate 1, a right triangular plate 6 that intersects at right angles is protruded, and an octagonal prism-shaped stake is provided from the lower part of the intersection. A body 7 is provided in a protruding manner, and a plurality of through holes 8, 9 are vertically provided in the center portion of the top plate 1 and in each wing portion, the upper portion being slightly narrowed.

B is a concrete wedge block, which has a rectangular cylindrical main body 10 having a frontal shape and a through hole 11 which is slightly narrowed from above in the center, each outer side surface 10a, 10.
b, 10c, and 10d are formed with a refracted waveform having the same wavelength and the same wave width as the cross-shaped basic block A, and the length of each side is 2n phase, and the opposing side surfaces 10a, 10b, and 10c and 1
0d can mesh with each other, and the side surfaces 10a
is on sides 5b and 4b of basic block A, and on side 10
b is the same 5c and 4c, and the side 10c is the same 3
c and 2c, the side 10d is also 3b and 2b,
They are formed in a shape that allows them to interlock with each other, and the height thereof is the sum of the thickness of the top plate 1 of the basic block A and the length from the back surface of the top plate 1 to the lower part of the intersection of the right triangular block 6. It's starting to become.

C is a concrete rectangular wedge block, which has a rectangular shape half the size of the front shape of the wedge block B, and has a through hole 13 in the center that is slightly narrowed at the top. outer surfaces 12a, 12b of
is formed with a refracted wave shape having the same wavelength and the same wave width as the basic block A, each having a length of 2n phase, and the outer surfaces 12c and 12d on the short side are formed with refracted waves having the same wavelength and the same wave width as described above. Each length is formed into n phases.

D is a concrete square wedge block, which has a frontal shape that is C1/2 the size of the rectangular wedge block C, and each outer side surface 14a of the main body 14 is a rectangular cylindrical body having a through hole 15 in the center which is slightly narrowed upward. ,14b,1
4c and 14d are refracted waveforms with the same wavelength and the same wave width as the blocks described above, and the length of each is n.
It is formed in phase.

Furthermore, rectangular wedge block C and square wedge block D
The height of the wedge block B is the same as that of the wedge block B.

Therefore, the construction method of the present invention includes the above-mentioned blocks A and B.
There is a first construction method in which the foundation work is constructed using blocks A, B, C, and D, and a second construction method in which the foundation construction is constructed using the blocks A, B, C, and D mentioned above.

Therefore, in the embodiment of the construction method of the present invention described below, the steps up to the time when blocks C and D are installed are examples of the first construction method, and blocks C and D are subsequently installed in the first construction method. The process of installing the same is an example of the second construction method.

That is, first, after excavating and leveling the ground on which the foundation work is to be constructed, the first row of basic blocks A1 is placed on the ground.
1, drive the basic block A12 into the left wing outer surface 4a of the block A11, meshing the right wing outer surface 5a with the waveform, and then drive the pile body 7 into the left wing section of the basic block A12. The right wing outer surface 5a of the basic block A13 is engaged with the outer surface 4a in the same manner as described above, and the stakes 7 are driven in. Thereafter, the blocks A1n are arranged in the same manner to form the first row.

Next, the upper wing outer surface 2a of the basic block A11
Then, drive the pile body 7 into the outer surface 3a of the lower wing part of the basic block A21 while aligning the waveforms and meshing them, and then drive the pile body 7 into the outer surface 2a of the upper wing part of the block A12.
The pile bodies 7 are driven in while engaging the outer surfaces 3a of the lower wing parts of A22, and the basic blocks A23,
A24...A2n are arranged to form the second column.

Next, between the first column and the second column of basic block A, basic blocks A11, A12, A21, A22
A space K11 formed by being surrounded by the outer surface of each wing part of
Then insert the wedge block B11 so that its outer surface meshes with the outer surface of the block A group, and then insert the wedge block B11 into the block A group.
12, A13, A22, and A23, a wedge block B1 is placed in a space K12 surrounded by the outer surfaces of each wing part.
2 in the same manner as above. Thereafter, in the same way, basic blocks A1n, A1n1, A2n, A
By inserting the wedge block B1n into the space K1n surrounded by the outer surface of each wing part of 2n1, and constructing the third row and subsequent rows in the same order as above, the basic block A and the wedge block B were engaged. An interlocking plate of the first construction method in the present invention is formed.

This interlocking plate may be left as it is, but since defects are formed on its four peripheries, a rectangular wedge block C and a square wedge block D are used to fill the defects.
An interlocking plate in the second construction method of the present invention using the method is formed.

That is, in the first column of basic block A, block A
11, A12, ... A rectangular defect L01, L formed by being surrounded by the outer surfaces of the left and right wing parts of the lower wing part
02... Rectangular wedge blocks C01 and C02 in L0n
. . .C0n, and rectangular defects L11, L12...Ln1 formed in the first row of basic block A surrounded by the outer surfaces of the right wing and upper and lower wings of blocks A11, A21...A1n. Rectangular wedge block C1
1, C12...Cn1 respectively, and the following:
In the same way, rectangular wedge blocks are created in the missing areas Lni and Lin at the end of the column Ani (i = 1, 2...n) and the end Ain (i = 1, 2...n) of the row.
While inserting Cni and Cin, basic block A11,
Square-shaped defects M11, M1n, Mn1, formed on the outer surface where A1n, An1, Ann are installed.
Mnn has square wedge blocks D11, D1n, Dn1,
By interlocking and installing the Dnn, the interlocking plate of the second construction method of the present invention is formed.

By doing the above, basic block A
A space 50 is formed between the top slab 1 and the ground with the pile body 7 driven into the ground, and the through holes 8 and 9 of the basic block A, the through hole 11 of the wedge block B, and the rectangular wedge With the through holes 13 of the block C and the through holes 15 of the square wedge block D remaining as they are, a rectangular interlocking plate S is formed in which the blocks are interlocked.

The space 50 of this interlocking plate S and the through holes 8, 9,
By filling 11, 13, and 15 with cut crushed stone or cut gravel G and leveling it, the construction of the first construction method and the second construction method is completed.

Here, the load is transmitted to the ground below via the slope 6a of the intersecting right triangular plate 6 on the lower surface of the top plate 1 of the basic block A, and all the upper parts of the through holes of each block are narrowed. Then, due to the blocking effect of the cut gravel G in the hole, the upper load is transferred to the cut gravel G, and the basic block A becomes integrated with the cut gravel G to transmit the load to the ground below, and the basic block It is possible to perform a cooperative action that directly transmits the load from the pile body 7 of A to the ground.

In addition, basic block A, wedge block B, rectangular block C, and square block D are all interlocked by their refracted wave-shaped outer surfaces, and the pile body 7 of basic block A plunges into the ground.
The cut gravel G filled in the space 50 can more effectively distribute the load against the concentrated load on top.
are integrated, and the whole becomes like a continuous raft-shaped plate with pile bodies 7 driven into the ground, and the lower ground is also integrated, and as a result, the overburden load is well distributed even in soft ground. Therefore, the subsidence of the ground can be easily prevented.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the present invention is as described above, it is suitable as a foundation construction method for strengthening soft ground, and its construction can be carried out easily and economically.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views showing conventional foundations;
Figures 3 to 10 show concrete blocks used in the construction method of the present invention. Figure 3 is a front view of the basic block according to the construction method of the present invention, Figure 4 is a front side view, and Figure 5 is a wedge. A front view of the block, FIG. 6 is a front side view, FIG. 7 is a front view of a rectangular wedge block according to the second construction method of the present invention, FIG. 8 is a front side view, and FIG. 9 is a front view also according to the second construction method. A front view of such a square wedge block, FIG. 10 is a front side view, FIG. 11 is a plan view of the interlocking block formed by the basic block and wedge block in the first construction method of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a front view of the square wedge block. 13 is a plan view of the interlocking plate formed using the four types of blocks in the second construction method of the invention;
It is an X-ray cross-sectional view. A...Concrete basic block, 1...Top slab, 2...Upper wing, 3...Lower wing, 4...Left wing, 5...Right wing, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3
b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 5c
... Refracted wave shaped outer surface of the wing section, 6 ... Right triangular plate, 7 ... Pile body, 8, 9 ... Through hole, B ... Concrete wedge block, 10 ... Main body, 10a,
10b, 10c... Refracted wave shaped outer surface of main body, 1
1...Through hole, C...Concrete rectangular wedge block, 12...Main body, 12a, 12b, 12c, 1
2d... Refracted wave shaped outer surface of main body, 13... Through hole, D... Square wedge block, 14... Main body, 1
4a, 14b, 14c, 14d...Refracted wave shaped outer surface of the main body, 15...Through hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A cross-shaped plane with wing parts projecting on all four sides, with the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side of the wing parts being 2:1, and the shape of the outer surface of each wing part being the same. An abbreviation of the back surface of the top plate that has a waveform and a refracted waveform of the same wave width, with the long side being a waveform of 2n phase and the short side being a waveform of n phase, and the opposing side surfaces are formed so that they can mesh with each other. A pile body is provided protruding downward from the central portion, and a right triangular plate is provided between the pile body and each of the wing portions so as to intersect at right angles with the pile body in between, and A basic concrete block consisting of a plurality of vertical holes in the wings and the center, and a rectangular shape in plan with one side of the basic block having the same length as the long side of the basic block, with a cylindrical hole in the center. The shape of each outer surface of the rectangular cylindrical body is made by forming each side with a refracted waveform having the same waveform and wave width as the basic block.
It is formed into a wave shape with a 2n phase, and the shapes of the opposing side surfaces are formed so that they can mesh with each other, and the height is determined by the thickness of the top plate of the basic block and the back surface of the top plate of the right triangular plate. Combine the wedge blocks formed to the sum of the lengths up to the bottom of the intersection, arrange the basic blocks in mesh with each other in the shape of a base mesh, drive the pile body into the ground, and create a wedge block surrounded by four adjacent basic blocks. A wedge block is inserted into the space created to form an interlocking plate.
A foundation construction method characterized in that the space formed between the top slab of the basic block and the ground and the through hole are filled with sand and gravel and compacted. 2. The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the through holes of the basic block and the wedge block are narrowed upward. 3. It has a planar cross shape with wing parts projecting on all four sides, and the ratio of the length of the long side to the short side of the wing part is 2:1, and the shape of the outer surface of each wing part has the same waveform and the same wave width. It has a wavy shape, with the long side having a 2n phase and the short side having an n phase, and is formed so that the shapes of the opposing side surfaces can mesh with each other downward from approximately the center of the back surface of the top plate. A pile body is provided protrudingly, and a right triangular plate is provided protrudingly between the pile body and each of the wing portions so as to intersect at right angles with the pile body sandwiched therebetween, and at each wing portion and the center portion. A concrete basic block with a plurality of vertical holes, and a rectangular cylindrical body with a rectangular planar shape, one side of which is the same length as the long side of the basic block wing, and a cylindrical hole in the center. The shape of each outer surface is changed to the same waveform and refraction waveform of the same wave width as the basic block.
It is formed into a wave shape with a 2n phase, and the shapes of the opposing side surfaces are formed so that they can mesh with each other, and the height is determined by the thickness of the top plate of the basic block and the back surface of the top plate of the right triangular plate. Combine the wedge blocks formed to the sum of the lengths up to the bottom of the intersection, arrange the basic blocks in mesh with each other in the shape of a base mesh, drive the pile body into the ground, and create a wedge block surrounded by four adjacent basic blocks. A wedge block is inserted into the space created to form an interlocking plate.
In the rectangular defect formed on the four circumferences of the mating plate,
A rectangular wedge block whose long side is the same length as the long side of the basic block wing part and whose length ratio of the long side and short side is 2:1 is mated and connected and inserted, and the four corners of the mating plate are A square wedge block, one side of which has the same length as the short side of the basic block wing part, is interlocked and fitted into the square notch formed in the base block, thereby forming a gap between the top plate of the basic block and the ground. A foundation construction method characterized by filling the created space and the through hole with sand and gravel and compacting it. 4. The construction method according to claim 3, wherein the through holes in the basic block and the wedge block, and the through holes in the rectangular wedge block and the square wedge block are all narrowed upward.