JP2002250043A - Wall face protective block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a concrete block capable of easily coping with the construction of a small-area wall body, constructing a wall body having a diverse structure and an external appearance with blocks of one kind, matching with the natural environment, having gaps used for residences of plants and underwater organisms, and being easy to use regarding the concrete block stacked to construct a retaining wall or a revetment wall and the structure of the retaining wall or the revetment wall. SOLUTION: The concrete block has a basic planar shape integrated with a square and a trapezoid having a base side equal in length to one side of the square, and it is provided with a plurality of joint holes 6 at the center in the width direction of the upper and lower faces 5 and 7 of the shape and/or at positions of 1/4-width size from the side. The concrete block is provided with vertically opened recesses formed on the side faces of the square portion and recesses formed on the side faces of the trapezoidal portion independently of the above recesses.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a concrete block used for constructing a retaining wall or a revetment wall by being arranged side by side and stacking up and down, and a structure of a retaining wall or a revetment wall formed by the block. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various types of concrete blocks are used as concrete blocks for constructing a retaining wall or a revetment wall, such as a siding block, a mat block, a laminated block, a bottle-shaped block, and an L-shaped block. Wall blocks are constructed by lining up a large number of blocks side by side and stacking them up and down, but unit blocks become larger as the use of heavy machinery in civil engineering work becomes more common. There is a tendency. In addition, many building blocks have a structure in which concrete is integrated into a space in a wall body generated when the blocks are stacked and integrated, which requires a large amount of work.

[0003] In addition, many conventional concrete blocks of this type have a fixed arrangement and stacking method when constructing a wall, and when a certain block is selected, the structure of the constructed wall is determined. There were many things to get rid of.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a protective wall can be constructed relatively easily by mechanical or manual loading, and therefore, it is possible to easily cope with the construction of a wall having a small area. It is possible to construct walls of various structures and appearances with one type of block, and it is also possible to build a revetment wall with a gap that can be fused with the natural environment and a habitat for plants and aquatic organisms It is an object of the present invention to provide an easy-to-use concrete block for constructing a retaining wall or seawall, and a retaining wall or seawall constructed by the block.

[0005]

The invention according to claim 1 of the present application has a plane shape whose basic shape is a shape obtained by integrating a rectangle and a trapezoid having a base having a length equal to one side thereof,
A plurality of joint holes 6 are provided at the position of a quarter width from the center and / or the side in the width direction of the upper and lower surfaces 5 and 7 of the shape, for retaining wall or seawall construction. The above problem has been solved by providing the concrete block 8.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a planar shape having a basic shape formed by integrating a square and a trapezoid having a base with a length equal to one side thereof, and formed on a side surface of the rectangular portion. The object of the present invention is to provide a concrete block 8 for constructing a retaining wall or a revetment wall, which comprises a recess 18 which opens up and down and a recess 17 formed on the side of a trapezoid part independently of the recess. Has been resolved.

[0007] Here, the planar shape whose basic shape is a shape obtained by integrating a square and a trapezoid having a base having a length equal to one side thereof is basically a shape obtained by integrating a square and the trapezoid, It refers to a shape with irregularities on the side and end faces, chamfers and rounds on corners and ridges, and recesses for reducing weight and material. A practically preferred planar shape is a shape in which the rectangular portion and the trapezoidal portion have substantially the same longitudinal dimension.

By making the corners and ridges around the rectangular end face 3 and the trapezoidal end face 4 of the block 8 rounded, a natural soft taste can be given to the appearance of the constructed wall, and If the square-side end face 3 and the trapezoid-side end face 4 are made uneven, it is possible to construct a wall surface that is compatible with a natural environment.

When the blocks 8 can be manually stacked, the width of the rectangular end face 3 should be about 20 to 25 cm.
In the case of mechanical loading, the size is preferably about 50 to 100 cm. In particular, in the case of manual loading, it is desirable to reduce the weight of the block by using foamed concrete. Further, by molding with foamed concrete, for example, when a revetment wall is constructed, it is possible to form a wall surface on which microorganisms suitable for water purification and small animal inhabitation are easily fixed.

It is practical that the joint hole 6 of the block is basically provided at the same position on the upper and lower surfaces 5 and 7 and is a through hole communicating vertically. When the through-hole is formed, after the blocks 8 are stacked, a joint rod 11 for fixing the position of the upper and lower blocks can be inserted. It is also possible to form the mortar 20.

The retaining wall or the revetment wall constructed by using the wall protection block according to the first aspect of the present invention is constructed by arranging the wall protection blocks 8 having the above-described structure on the left and right sides and aligning the joint holes 6 of the vertically adjacent blocks. It has a structure in which a joint rod 11 composed of a reinforcing bar 10 and a filler 20 around the reinforcing bar 10 is inserted into a joint hole 6 of a vertically adjacent block.

As the filler 20 for the joint rod, synthetic resin or the like can be used. However, the joint hole 6 of the block is used as a through hole, and the reinforcing bar 10 is inserted into the joint hole 6 and stacked. It is practical that the mortar 20 is formed by pouring.

If the joint holes 6 at the same position of the vertically adjacent blocks are connected to each other by a joint rod 11, a wall having a front surface can be constructed. In this case, the blocks 8 are arranged diagonally. By stacking, a wall body having a gradient can be formed. Further, by connecting the joint holes 6 at different positions of the vertically adjacent blocks 8 with the joint rods 11, it is possible to construct a wall body with a stepped front surface. If three or more joint holes 6 are provided in the front-rear direction of the block, the inclination of the wall can be changed by selecting the upper and lower joint holes 6 to be connected. Since the blocks 8 of the present invention can be stacked with the front-rear direction reversed, the positions of the joint holes 6 are set so that the front surface of the wall does not have unevenness even when the front-rear direction is reversed. Is preferred. This can be realized, for example, by arranging the joint holes 6 symmetrically with respect to the front and rear centers of the blocks 8.

Considering the arrangement and strength of the reinforcing bars in the block 8, it is reasonable to arrange the joint hole 6 on the center line in the width direction. On the other hand, a quarter from the side of the width dimension
When the joint hole 6 is provided at the position of the width, the block 8
Can be stacked in a zigzag pattern.

The retaining wall or the revetment wall constructed by using the wall protection block according to the second aspect of the present invention is formed by arranging the wall protection blocks 8 having the above-described structure horizontally and vertically. The structure in which the square side end face 3 of each block is the front face is suitable for pile pile, and the backfill concrete flows into the recess 17 on the trapezoid side and the retaining wall is integrated. The structure in which the trapezoidal side end surface 4 of each block is the front surface is suitable for empty stacking, and concrete can be poured into the recess 18 on the square side surface to integrate the retaining wall. The square-side end face 3 and the trapezoid-side end face 4 can be arranged side by side or stacked alternately in front and back, and in this case also, the pile-up is possible.

[0016]

1 and 2 show a first embodiment of a wall protection block according to the present invention. This first
The block of the embodiment has a rectangular shape whose front view is square and whose length in the side view is twice as long in the depth direction (the direction of the arrow L in FIG. 1) as in the up and down direction, and as shown in FIG. Square 1 and isosceles trapezoid 2 whose base length is equal to the side length of square 1
The block has a shape that is integrally joined at the bottom side, and the corners and ridges around each surface are curved surfaces such as a partial spherical surface or a partial cylindrical surface. Although not explicitly shown in the figure, irregularities are formed on the square side end surface 3 and the trapezoid side end surface 4 of the block, and the wall surface of the retaining wall or the revetment wall formed by these surfaces is a surface close to natural stone. It is made to become. Four joint holes 6 are provided at positions on the upper surface 5 of the block on the center line in the width direction of the block that divide the depth dimension of the block into five equal parts. The joint holes 6 are all through holes penetrating the lower surface 7 of the block. The size of the block is such that the length of one side of the rectangular side face 3 of the block is, for example, about 25 cm for a small one and about 50 cm for a large one for machine stacking.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a first embodiment of a wall structure constructed using the blocks of the first embodiment. The blocks 8 are stacked on a base block 9 having an inclined upper surface, with its end faces flush with each other. In this case, the joint holes 6 provided at the same position in the vertically adjacent blocks communicate with each other. In this joint hole, as shown in FIG. 4, a reinforcing bar 1 having the same length as the vertical dimension of the block 8 is provided.
The joint rod 11 is inserted by inserting the mortar 20 into the gap between the reinforcing bar and the joint hole, and solidifying the mortar 20 by inserting the center of the mortar 20 into the joint at the center of the upper and lower blocks. The position of the joint rod 11 in the joint hole 6 is determined by first inserting a reinforcing bar having a length equal to half the vertical dimension of the block into the lowermost block, and then sequentially inserting a reinforcing bar 10 having the same vertical dimension as the block. You can position by going. Joint rod 11
May be inserted into all four joint holes 6,
It is practically sufficient to load the two joint holes 6 on the front side and the rear side.

As shown in FIG. 5, the blocks 8 are also arranged in a direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 3, and are filled with a backing material 12 such as concrete or crushed stone to prevent the soil 13 behind the blocks from collapsing. Retaining walls are constructed.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a second embodiment of the wall structure. In the second embodiment, three blocks are vertically stacked on a base block 9 having a horizontal upper surface, and two blocks are stacked vertically by retreating the front surface thereon. Further, there is shown an example in which two blocks are vertically stacked with the front surface retreated. In the portion where the blocks are vertically stacked, joint holes 6 provided at the same position in vertically adjacent blocks are connected to each other by a joint rod 11 as shown in FIG. In addition, the upper and lower adjacent blocks in the portion where the front surface is retracted and the step surface is formed, the joint hole at the rear position of the lower block and the joint hole at the front position of the upper block are similar joint rods. 11 are connected. FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the relationship between the upper and lower blocks of the portion forming the step.
In the wall structure of the second embodiment, concrete is poured into the back surface of the stacked blocks 8 to form the backing material 12,
It protects the earth and sand 13 behind.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a third embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. In this embodiment,
The lowermost block is used as a basic block, the second block is vertically stacked, and the third and subsequent blocks are sequentially shifted rearward to build a sloping retaining wall. In this case, three types of gradients can be selected for the retaining wall depending on whether the joint hole is shifted by one, two, or three in the upper block and the lower block. When it is desired to set an intermediate gradient, a step in which the joint hole is shifted by one and a step in which the joint hole is shifted by two are alternately provided.
The third embodiment is an example in which split rock is used as the backing material.

FIG. 9 is a view showing an example in which a retaining wall having a steeper slope is constructed by gradually shifting the positions of the joint holes of the upper and lower blocks.

FIG. 10 is a view showing an example in which a seawall is constructed using the blocks of the first embodiment and the stacking structure shown in FIG. 3. This is an example in which the blocks of the first embodiment are stacked on the upper surface and the slope with the structure shown in FIG. 3 to form a seawall, and the particle size between the foundation of the rubble stone and the wall formed of the blocks is 20. ~ 40mm
A backing material made of single-grain crushed stone is provided.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a structure in which the blocks 8 are alternately arranged and stacked with the blocks 8 reversed. FIG.
FIG. 13 is a schematic front view, and FIG. 13 is a side view showing a stacked state. In this way, when the blocks of the present invention are alternately arranged or stacked with the front and rear reversed, a gap 15 is generated between the blocks arranged on the left and right, and this gap is used for vegetation,
When a revetment wall is used, the gap serves as a habitat for small animals, so that a retaining wall or a revetment wall that is more compatible with the natural environment can be constructed.

FIGS. 14 and 15 are diagrams showing examples of special arrangement of blocks according to the present invention. Since the block of the present invention has a trapezoidal shape on the back side in plan view, the blocks can be arranged in a circle. FIG. 14 is a plan view of the blocks 8 arranged in a circle. In the example of FIG. 15, a ridge or breakwater having a semicircular cross section is constructed by laterally stacking together the sides of a trapezoidal portion in a plan view around a ridge 16 formed of rubble stone. are doing.

FIG. 16 is a view showing a second embodiment of the wall surface protection block according to the present invention. The block of the second embodiment has a rectangular shape whose end face on the square side is wide in the width direction. The upper and lower faces have a center position in the width direction and a position having a quarter width from the side of the square part in plan view. Are provided with joint holes 6 and 6a. Further, in the block of the second embodiment, the corners and ridges around the lower surface 7 are not curved. This takes into consideration the formwork structure of the block. If the form is such that no curved surface is provided around the bottom surface, the form of the formwork can be simplified by molding the block upside down.

Joint hole 6 provided at a quarter width position
By providing a plurality of a in the front-rear direction, a vertical stacking method and a stacking method having a gradient can be selected.
As shown in (1), by connecting the joint holes on the opposite sides of the lower and upper stages with joint rods, a retaining wall in which the blocks are stacked in a staggered manner can be constructed. Since the upper and lower blocks are connected with a joint bar and stacked in a staggered manner, the blocks adjacent to the left and right are also connected to each other via the blocks vertically adjacent to each other. There is a characteristic that. Even if the blocks are stacked in a zigzag, retaining walls with different slopes can be constructed by providing a plurality of joint holes.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a third embodiment of the block of the present invention. In the block of the third actual command, a recess 17 is provided on the side surface on the trapezoid side, and a recess 18 which opens vertically is provided on the side surface on the square side. This recess reduces the weight of the block when the block becomes large, and when the block is stacked alternately in front and back as shown in FIG. 19, or with the trapezoidal side end face 4 as shown in FIG. When stacked, the space formed between the juxtaposed blocks is increased, and when used as a greening retaining wall or a seawall, a larger space for plants and small animals can be formed.

When the blocks are stacked alternately on the front and back as shown in FIG. 19, or when stacked with the square side end face 3 as the front face as shown in FIG. Backfill concrete flows into the space formed between them, and an integrated strong retaining wall can be constructed.

Further, in the embodiment shown in the drawings, a slit 19 communicating with the recess 18 is provided at the side edge of the rectangular side end surface 3 of the block, and as shown in FIG. When the wall is constructed, the slits and the recesses 18 on the square side can provide a habitat for small creatures.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a wall protection block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional side view showing a first embodiment of a wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a relationship between a joint rod and a block in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a plan view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a sectional side view showing a second embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a plan view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional side view showing a third embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a sectional side view showing a fourth embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a sectional side view showing a fifth embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a sixth embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a front view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a side view of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a plan view showing a seventh embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 15 is a sectional side view showing an eighth embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 1;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the wall protection block.

FIG. 17 is a front view showing an example of a wall structure using the block of FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the wall protection block.

FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a wall structure using the block of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 18;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the wall structure using the block of FIG. 18;

[Explanation of symbols]

 3 Square end face of block 4 Trapezoid end face of block 5 Upper face of block 6 Joint hole 7 Lower face of block 17 Recess of trapezoid side 18 Recess of square side

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A planar shape having a basic shape in which a square and a trapezoid having a base having a length equal to one side are integrated, and a center and / or a side in a width direction of upper and lower surfaces of the shape. A wall protection block, comprising: a plurality of joint holes at a position of a quarter width dimension from. 2. A flat shape having a basic shape formed by integrating a square and a trapezoid having a base with a length equal to one side thereof, and a vertically open recess formed on a side surface of the square portion. A wall protection block comprising a recess (18) and a recess (17) formed on a side surface of a trapezoidal portion independently of the recess. 3. A slit according to claim 2, wherein a side edge of the end face on the side of the square is provided with a slit for opening a recess provided on the side face of the square part on the end face. Wall protection block. 4. The method according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of joint holes are provided at a position of a quarter width from the center and / or the side in the width direction of the upper and lower surfaces. Wall protection block. 5. A wall protection block according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the wall protection blocks are arranged side by side and stacked so that joint holes of vertically adjacent blocks coincide with each other. A wall protection structure into which a joint rod made of a surrounding filler is inserted. 6. It includes a wall protection block arranged and / or stacked in the front-rear direction.
A wall protection structure according to claim 5. 7. A wall protection structure, wherein a number of the wall protection blocks according to claim 2 or 3 are arranged right and left and vertically stacked with a part of the blocks reversed.