US20050186284A1 - Taste-masking oral dosage form and method of preparing the same - Google Patents

Taste-masking oral dosage form and method of preparing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US20050186284A1
US20050186284A1 US10/839,243 US83924304A US2005186284A1 US 20050186284 A1 US20050186284 A1 US 20050186284A1 US 83924304 A US83924304 A US 83924304A US 2005186284 A1 US2005186284 A1 US 2005186284A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
taste
dosage form
oral dosage
starch
masking oral
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Abandoned
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US10/839,243
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English (en)
Inventor
Chih-Chiang Yang
Wen-Che Wang
Hui-Yu Chen
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Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center
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Pharmaceutical Industry Technology and Development Center
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Assigned to PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER reassignment PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: YANG, CHIH-CHIANG, CHEN, HUI-YU, WANG, WEN-CHE
Publication of US20050186284A1 publication Critical patent/US20050186284A1/en
Priority to US11/896,753 priority Critical patent/US8226981B2/en
Priority to US12/457,151 priority patent/US20090246288A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1652—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, cellulose derivatives; Cyclodextrin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/715—Polysaccharides, i.e. having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages; Derivatives thereof, e.g. ethers, esters
    • A61K31/716—Glucans
    • A61K31/717—Celluloses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1617—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
    • A61K9/1605—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/1629—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/1635—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A61K9/2018—Sugars, or sugar alcohols, e.g. lactose, mannitol; Derivatives thereof, e.g. polysorbates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2027—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition, and more specifically to a taste-masking oral dosage form and method of preparing the same.
  • oral administrative medicines such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups and the like.
  • Orally administrated medicines suffer from many drawbacks.
  • pharmaceutically active ingredients in medicines may leave an unpleasant taste after drug administration.
  • Tablets and capsules may be hard to swallow for the elderly or children.
  • Granules and powders may possibly enter the respiratory tract or lungs. Additionally, dosage of syrups, may be difficult measured, particularly for the elderly or children.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,212 describes a preparation in which a starch and a nasal drug are blended to form a microparticle to improve nasal absorption.
  • European Patent No. 230264 discloses an aqueous nasal drug delivery system for vaccines comprising a high molecular weight drug, a gelling agent such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, and additives such as surfactants or glycerol.
  • the two examples (U.S. Pat. No. 5,804,212 and European Patent No. 230264) merely cite how to improve drug absorption effects, without commenting on taste-masking effects.
  • Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 76420/1977 and 24410/1983 describe a method of preparing a porous tablet which comprises blending a tablet-constituting composition with inert solvent, solidifying, compressing the resulting solid into tablets, and evaporating solvent by freeze-drying.
  • U.S. Pat. No. 5,501,861 discloses a method of preparing a fast dissolving tablet comprising a water-soluble saccharide (such as sugar, starch, lactose, sugar alcohol, or tetrose) and a pharmacologically active ingredient, which comprises compressing the blended solid into tablets with a molding pressure of 5 ⁇ 130 kg/cm 2 and evaporating the solvent by freeze-drying.
  • the above fast dissolving tablets are prepared by Zydis (from R. P. Scherer, England) freeze-drying. This method, however, suffer from high process cost and insufficient mechanical strength of the preparation.
  • an object of the invention is to provide an oral dosage form having taste-masking effects, rapid disintegration rates, sufficient hardness to resist destruction during the course of manufacture and storage, and low cost.
  • the invention provides a taste-masking oral dosage form comprising a pharmaceutically active ingredient, and a starch, wherein the pharmaceutically active ingredient is packaged by the starch to form a microparticle.
  • the tablet further comprises a hydrophilic polymer, a surfactant, excipicents, or combinations thereof.
  • the tablet provided in the invention may be rapidly dissolved in an oral cavity, due to the hydrophilic polymer having strong water absorption, so that it can be advantageously used for treatment of diseases in the elderly or children. Additionally, the dissolution rate of the tablet is improved by the surfactant in an oral cavity, particularly for very slightly dissolved drugs.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of preparing a taste-masking oral dosage form, comprising the following steps.
  • a first solution comprising a pharmaceutically active ingredient and a starch is provided.
  • a second solution comprising a hydrophilic polymer and a surfactant is then provided.
  • the first and second solutions are blended to form a plurality of microparticles by a granulating, and a compression-molding process is performed to form the tablet.
  • the tablet has an adequate hardness and rapid dissolving rate, due to the specific granulation and additives thereof. More particularly, the bitter taste is wasted, because the pharmaceutically active ingredient is packaged by the starch. Additionally, the low-cost compression-molding process satisfies industry requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the granulating process of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows the microparticle structure prepared by the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the compression-molding process of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 illustrate the method of preparing the taste-masking oral dosage form according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • a first solution is provided in step S 10 .
  • the first solution comprises solute comprising a pharmaceutically active ingredient and a starch and solvent comprising water or ethanol, wherein the pharmaceutically active ingredient comprises any optional orally administrated drugs, and the starch comprises amylodextrin, hydroxyethyl starch, hydropropyl starch, carboxymethyl starch, acetylated starch, or phosphorylated starch.
  • the uniform and viscous first solution is prepared by heating after blending.
  • the pharmaceutically active ingredient may be at least one member selected from the group: (1) vitamins, for example, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B 1 , vitamin B 2 , vitamin B 6 , vitamin B 12 , or vitamin C, minerals, for example, Ca, Mg, Fe, or protein, and amino acid or oligosaccharide and the like.
  • antipyretic-analgesic-antiinflammatory agents for example, aspirin, acetaminophen, ethenzamide, ibuprofen, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, dl-chorpheniramine maleate, dihydrocodeine phosphate, noscapine, methylephedrine hydrochloride, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, caffeine, serratiopeptidase, lysozyme chloride, tolfenamic acid, mefenamic acid, diclofenac sodium, flufenamic acid, salicylamide, aminopyrine, ketoprofen, indomethacin, bucolome, or pentazocine and the like.
  • aspirin for example, aspirin, acetaminophen, ethenzamide, ibuprofen, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, dl-chorpheniramine maleate, dihydrocodeine phosphate, noscapine, methyle
  • antipsychotic drugs for example, chlorpromazine, reserpine, chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, imipramine, maprotiline, amphetamine, estazolam, nitrazepam, diazepam, phenobarbital sodium, scopolamine hydrobromide, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, or papaverine hydrochloride and the like.
  • gastrointestinal function conditioning agents for example, magnesium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, magnesium aluminometasilicate, synthetic hydrotalcite, precipitated calcium carbonate, or magnesium oxide and the like.
  • antitussive-expectorants for example, chloperastine hydrochloride, dextromethorphan hydrobromide, theophylline, potassium guaiacolsulfonate, guaifenesin, oxytetracycline, triamcinolone acetonide, chlorhexidine hydrochloride, or lidocaine and the like.
  • antihistamines for example, diphenhydramine hydrochloride, promethazine, isothipendyl hydrochloride, or dl-chlorpheniramine maleate and the like.
  • cardiotonics for example, etilefrine hydrochloride, procainamide hydrochloride, propranolol hydrochloride, pindolol, isosorbide, furosemide, delapril hydrochloride, captopril, hexamethonium bromide, hydralazine hydrochloride, labetalol hydrochloride, or methyldopa and the like.
  • vasoconstrictors for example, phenylephrine hydrochloride, carbocromen hydrochloride, molsidomine, verapamil hydrochloride, cinnarizine, dehydrocholic acid, or trepibutone and the like.
  • antibiotics for example, cephems, penems, carbapenems, cefalexin, amoxicillin, pivmecillinam hydrochloride, or cefotiam dihydrochloride and the like.
  • chemotherapeutic drugs for example, sulfamethizole or thiazosulfone and the like.
  • antidiabetic agents for example, tolbutamide or voglibose and the like.
  • drugs for osteoporosis for example, ipriflavone and the like.
  • skeletal muscle relaxants for example, methocarvamol and the like.
  • the second solution comprises solute comprising a hydrophilic polymer and a surfactant and solvent comprising water or ethanol, wherein the hydrophilic polymer comprises PEG, PVP, carbopol, polysaccharide, agar, MC, or HPMC, and the surfactant comprises edible surfactants comprising phospholipid.
  • the first and second solutions are blended in step S 14 and continuously stirred to drop the temperature to lower than room temperature.
  • Sediments comprising a plurality of co-crystal microparticles comprising the pharmaceutically active ingredient and the starch may form after cooling, wherein the pharmaceutically active ingredient is packaged by the starch with the package percentage exceeding 95% to isolate the bitter taste, and the diameter of the microparticle is about 150 ⁇ 360 ⁇ m, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the sediments are filtered in step S 16 , dried in step S 18 and sieved in step S 20 .
  • the granulating process comprises dry granulating, wet granulating, fluidized bed granulating, or spray granulating.
  • microparticles and excipients are blended in step S 22 .
  • the excipients comprises disintegrating agents, effervescent agents, sweeteners, and lubricants comprising saccharide, alcohol, and sugar alcohol, wherein saccharide comprises monosaccharide or disaccharide, and sugar alcohol comprises mannitol, sorbitol, xylitol, or glycerol.
  • step S 24 the mixture of microparticles and the excipients is sieved in step S 24 .
  • the mixture is compression-molded in step S 26 with a tabletting machine, for example, a High-Speed Rotary Tabletting Machine.
  • the molding pressure of the High-Speed Rotary Tabletting Machine is about 800 ⁇ 1200 lb/cm 2 , and preferably 1000 lb/cm 2 .
  • the molding speed thereof is about 15 ⁇ 20 rpm, and preferably 16 rpm.
  • the taste-masking oral dosage form of the invention comprises a pharmaceutically active ingredient in a proportion is generally about 35 ⁇ 45% by weight, a starch in a proportion is generally about 20 ⁇ 30% by weight, a hydrophilic polymer in a proportion is generally about 2 ⁇ 10% by weight, a surfactant in a proportion is generally about 2 ⁇ 10% by weight, and excipients in a proportion are generally about 40 ⁇ 50% by weight. Additionally, the porosity of the tablet is about 30 ⁇ 70%, the disintegration time (the time required to complete dissolution by saliva in an oral cavity in a healthy adult male) thereof is less than 1 min, the hardness thereof is about 20 ⁇ 50 NT, and the brittleness thereof is less than 2%. Specifically, the pharmaceutically active ingredient is packaged with starch with the package percentage exceeding 95% to isolate the bitter taste.
  • a first solution comprising acetaminophen (antipyretic-analgesic-antiinflammatory agents), amylodextrin, and H 2 O was prepared as described in the following steps. First, 400 g of acetaminophen and 84 g of amylodextrin were added into 1600 ml of H 2 O, stirred, and the first solution was heated to 90° C.
  • a second solution comprising a PEG6000 (hydrophilic polymer), lecithin (surfactant), and H 2 O was prepared as the following step.
  • a PEG6000 hydrophilic polymer
  • lecithin surfactant
  • H 2 O H 2 O
  • a wet granulating process was performed, wherein the first solution was slowly added into the second solution, and continuously stirred to drop the temperature to lower than room temperature during blending.
  • Sediments comprising a plurality of co-crystal microparticles comprising the pharmaceutically active ingredient and the starch was formed after cooling, wherein the pharmaceutically active ingredient is packaged by the starch with the package percentage exceeding 95% to isolate the bitter taste, and the diameter of the microparticle is about 150 ⁇ 360 ⁇ m.
  • sediments were filtered through the Buchner funnel, and dried in a dryer at 45° C. Then, sediments were sifted through a sieve with 400 ⁇ m diameter mesh.
  • microparticles and excipients were blended with a V-shaped blender.
  • the excipients comprises 250 g of lactose (disaccharide), 100 g of mannitol (sugar alcohol), and 100 g of crospovidone (disintegrating agents).
  • the blend was sifted through a sieve with 200 ⁇ m diameter mesh.
  • 400 g of the blend was compression-molded to form a tablet with a High-Speed Rotary Tabletting Machine.
  • the molding pressure was about 1000 lb/cm 2 , and the molding speed was about 15.9 rpm.
  • 400 g of acetaminophen in a proportion is generally about 40% by weight
  • 50 g of amylodextrin in a proportion is generally about 5% by weight
  • 50 g of PEG6000 in a proportion is generally about 5% by weight
  • 50 g of lecithin in a proportion is generally about 5% by weight
  • 450 g of excipients comprising 250 g of lactose, 100 g of mannitol, and 100 g of crospovidone in a proportion are generally about 25% by weight.
  • the disintegration time of each tablet was determined in accordance with the disintegration test as described in the following. First, 37 ⁇ 2° C., proper amount of water used as solvent was added into the container of the test machine (PHARMA TEST PTZ1 E type). Next, six tablets were added into the container, and the container was covered by a plastic cover. Subsequently, the test machine shook the container until the tablets were disintegrated completely. The mean of the results of six determinations of each pharmaceutically active ingredient was adopted respectively.
  • the hardness of each tablet was determined in accordance with the hardness test as described in the following. First, six tablets were placed on the hardness tester (SHIN KWANG SK-32060 type). Next, pressure was applied from the long axis until the tablets were cracked. The mean of the results of six determinations of each pharmaceutically active ingredient was adopted respectively.
  • the results of Table 1 indicate that the disintegration time of the oral dosage forms of the present invention is less than 1 min, and the brittleness thereof is less than 2%. Therefore, the elderly, children, or those with impaired swallowing ability are able to swallow the tablets, due to rapid disintegration and absorption in an oral cavity. Additionally, an adequate mechanical strength of 20 ⁇ 50 NT is obtained, facilitating the packaging process in production lines.

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  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
US10/839,243 2004-02-25 2004-05-06 Taste-masking oral dosage form and method of preparing the same Abandoned US20050186284A1 (en)

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US11/896,753 US8226981B2 (en) 2004-02-25 2007-09-05 Method of preparing a taste-masking oral dosage form
US12/457,151 US20090246288A1 (en) 2004-02-25 2009-06-02 Taste-masking oral dosage form and method of preparing the same

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TW93104745 2004-02-25
TW093104745A TWI335227B (en) 2004-02-25 2004-02-25 Pharmaceutical composition of taste masking and rapidly dissolving drug and method of preparing the same

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7811604B1 (en) 2005-11-14 2010-10-12 Barr Laboratories, Inc. Non-effervescent, orally disintegrating solid pharmaceutical dosage forms comprising clozapine and methods of making and using the same

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2011112922A2 (en) * 2010-03-11 2011-09-15 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated Co-crystals and pharmaceutical formulations comprising the same
HUE061928T2 (hu) * 2014-06-11 2023-09-28 SpecGx LLC Különbözõ oldódási profillal rendelkezõ porlasztva szárított készítmények és elõállításukhoz szükséges eljárások
CN104223337A (zh) * 2014-09-09 2014-12-24 孙国强 琼脂在滴丸成型中的应用方法

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US5082667A (en) * 1988-06-07 1992-01-21 Abbott Laboratories Solid pharmaceutical dosage in tablet triturate form and method of producing same
US5501861A (en) * 1992-01-29 1996-03-26 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Fast dissolving tablet and its production
US5607697A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-03-04 Cima Labs, Incorporated Taste masking microparticles for oral dosage forms
US5804212A (en) * 1989-11-04 1998-09-08 Danbiosyst Uk Limited Small particle compositions for intranasal drug delivery
US6024981A (en) * 1997-04-16 2000-02-15 Cima Labs Inc. Rapidly dissolving robust dosage form

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5082667A (en) * 1988-06-07 1992-01-21 Abbott Laboratories Solid pharmaceutical dosage in tablet triturate form and method of producing same
US5804212A (en) * 1989-11-04 1998-09-08 Danbiosyst Uk Limited Small particle compositions for intranasal drug delivery
US5501861A (en) * 1992-01-29 1996-03-26 Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd. Fast dissolving tablet and its production
US5607697A (en) * 1995-06-07 1997-03-04 Cima Labs, Incorporated Taste masking microparticles for oral dosage forms
US6024981A (en) * 1997-04-16 2000-02-15 Cima Labs Inc. Rapidly dissolving robust dosage form

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7811604B1 (en) 2005-11-14 2010-10-12 Barr Laboratories, Inc. Non-effervescent, orally disintegrating solid pharmaceutical dosage forms comprising clozapine and methods of making and using the same

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US8226981B2 (en) 2012-07-24
TW200528128A (en) 2005-09-01
US20080003297A1 (en) 2008-01-03
TWI335227B (en) 2011-01-01

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