US20050150700A1 - Tractor powertrain including plurality of structural casings - Google Patents

Tractor powertrain including plurality of structural casings Download PDF

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US20050150700A1
US20050150700A1 US10/976,017 US97601704A US2005150700A1 US 20050150700 A1 US20050150700 A1 US 20050150700A1 US 97601704 A US97601704 A US 97601704A US 2005150700 A1 US2005150700 A1 US 2005150700A1
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shaft
structural casing
disposed
casing
bearing
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US10/976,017
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Giorgio Bordini
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D69/00—Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers
    • A01D69/02—Driving mechanisms or parts thereof for harvesters or mowers electric
    • A01D69/025—Electric hybrid systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
    • B60K6/405—Housings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/445—Differential gearing distribution type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/727—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path
    • F16H3/728—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously with at least two dynamo electric machines for creating an electric power path inside the gearing, e.g. using generator and motor for a variable power torque path with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
    • H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/006—Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1815—Rotary generators structurally associated with reciprocating piston engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/02—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units comprising more than one electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/20—Off-Road Vehicles
    • B60Y2200/22—Agricultural vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
    • F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
    • F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
    • F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
    • F16H37/084—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths at least one power path being a continuously variable transmission, i.e. CVT
    • F16H2037/0866—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft
    • F16H2037/0873—Power split variators with distributing differentials, with the output of the CVT connected or connectable to the output shaft with switching, e.g. to change ranges
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hybrid power train coupling mechanical and electrical power and, more particularly, to forming the hybrid power train in a configuration that can be utilized in agricultural tractors.
  • Hybrid power trains in which part of the energy produced by an internal combustion engine is converted into electric energy to improve control of the power train, are known in the art.
  • a hybrid power train of this type is described and claimed in European Patent No. EP-01203947.5, the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
  • One of the problems posed by this type of power train is the bulk of the system, which generally renders the hybrid power train system unsuitable for use on farm tractors.
  • known hybrid power trains are difficult to produce and involve a large number of component parts, thus increasing the cost and complexity as compared with conventional power trains for agricultural tractors.
  • Known hybrid engines in fact, comprise a housing containing the two electric motors, each of which in turn comprises a respective casing.
  • a hybrid power train for farm tractors wherein the elements defining at least one of the electric machines are housed in a structural casing formed in one piece.
  • the structural casing forms an integral part of the supporting structure of the tractor in the form of a half-shell open on one side, so as to permit assembly of an insulating element, a stator, and a shaft fitted with a respective rotor to form the electric machine part of the hybrid power train.
  • the diesel engine of the agricultural tractor is mechanically connected to the Power take-off mechanism by routing the PTO shaft through a number of hollow shafts for transmitting power from the diesel engine to and from the two electric machines by means of a conventional epicyclic gear train.
  • the Figure is schematic cross-sectional view of a hybrid power train for an agricultural tractor incorporating the principles of the instant invention.
  • a power train 10 which is a hybrid type, is formed of a diesel engine 11 (not shown) for rotating a shaft 17 ; and a number of units 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , the functions of which are explained in detail below.
  • a connecting/disconnecting unit 12 is depicted.
  • Unit 12 is known in the art and is formed of a first stage 12 a for connecting and disconnecting the diesel engine 11 to or from the shaft 17 .
  • the first stage 12 a is engaged or released by the operator by means of a sleeve 18 and a lever 19 operated by conventional actuating means (not shown).
  • the sleeve 18 is moved in a direction defined by an axis 20 , which is also the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the shaft 17 .
  • unit 12 Downstream from first stage 12 a , unit 12 further includes a second stage 12 b , also known in the art and formed of a clutch device 21 for connecting and disconnecting the shaft 17 to or from a hollow shaft 22 .
  • a portion 21 b of clutch device 21 by known means not shown, shaft 22 , being integral with shaft 17 , is rotated in the same direction as the diesel engine 11 .
  • a portion 21 a of clutch device 21 the power generated by diesel engine 11 is transmitted to shaft 22 in the opposite direction to before by a set of three intermeshing gears 23 , 24 , 25 , of which gear 24 is an idler gear, a shaft 25 a , and gears 25 b and 25 c .
  • Both stages 12 a , 12 b are supported in known manner by a support 27 preferably, though not necessarily, made of cast iron.
  • Hollow shaft 22 houses, coaxially, a shaft 28 for powering a PTO; and shafts 17 , 22 , 28 all have the same longitudinal axis of symmetry 20 .
  • Unit 13 includes a first electric machine 29 housed in a structural casing 30 , which also houses an electric insulating element 31 on which rests a conventional stator 32 .
  • a known rotor 33 completes electric machine 29 , and is defined by a pack of laminations 33 a fitted to a shaft 34 supported on two ball bearings 35 , 36 a .
  • Bearing 35 is housed in a seat 30 a formed in a wall 30 b of the structural casing
  • bearing 36 a is housed in a seat 37 a formed in a plate 37 at an opening 37 c.
  • a structural casing 30 also advantageously, though not necessarily, made of cast iron, is bolted by known means on one side to support 27 , and on the other side thereof to both plate 37 and a structural casing 38 forming part of the next unit 14 . Being open on the side facing unit 14 , the structural casing 30 permits easy assembly of the component parts of electric machine 29 .
  • Two chambers 38 a , 38 b are defined inside structural casing 38 of unit 14 , and are separated by a wall 39 having an opening 39 a .
  • the first chamber 38 a houses an epicyclic gear train 40 , the component parts of which and the way in which they are connected to the other parts of power train 10 are explained in detail below.
  • Structural casing 38 houses elements forming part of a second electric machine 41 , which is generally formed of the same component parts as first electric machine 29 .
  • the second electric machine 41 includes an electric insulating element 42 , on which rests a conventional stator 43 , and is completed by a rotor 44 fitted to a shaft 45 supported on two ball bearings 46 , 47 .
  • Shaft 45 is also hollow and coaxial with axis 20 , and rotor 44 comprises a pack of laminations 44 a . Since the second chamber 38 b is also open, at least on one side, outwardly towards the next unit 15 , the component parts of second electric machine 41 are assembled easily inside second chamber 38 b.
  • an actuating means operates lever 19 to engage or release the sleeve 18 , which can be released automatically when power train 10 is running, or manually by the user operating a lever (not shown) or a pedal (not shown) to start directly in fully electric mode when the power train 10 is off.
  • the tractor hydraulic circuit (not shown) is already pressurized so that enough hydraulic power is available to automatically release sleeve 18 to switch to the fully electric mode.
  • a manual control must be provided to release sleeve 18 . Otherwise, operation of electric machines 29 , 41 would rotate shaft 17 , thus resulting in undesired start-up of the diesel engine 11 .
  • the epicyclic gear train 40 is formed of a planet carrier 40 a integral with hollow shaft 22 ; and a number of planet wheels 40 b , each connected to planet carrier 40 a by a respective spindle 40 c .
  • the epicyclic gear train 40 also includes a sun gear 40 d integral with hollow shaft 34 of electric machine 29 ; and a ring gear 40 e integral with hollow shaft 45 of second electric machine 41 .
  • the epicyclic gear train 40 divides and recombines the mechanical power supplied by diesel engine 11 , and the electric power produced by electric machines 29 , 41 .
  • the hollow shaft 45 of the second electric machine 41 provides for actually adding the mechanical energy transmitted to the shaft 45 by the ring gear 40 e of the epicyclic gear train 40 to the rotational energy supplied by rotor 44 .
  • structural casing 30 , plate 37 , and structural casing 38 are preferably made of cast iron and connected to one another by known fastening means, such as a number of bolts and respective nuts, so that the structural whole housing the two electric machines 29 , 41 is extremely compact and solid.
  • the bearing 46 is housed in a seat 46 a formed in wall 39 , close to opening 39 a ; bearing 47 is housed in a seat 47 a formed in a wall 48 of the next unit 15 ; and wall 28 has an opening 47 b.
  • Unit 15 includes a structural casing 49 in turn forming the wall 48 and housing a conventional HI/LO transmission 50 .
  • the HI/LO transmission 50 rotates a pinion 51 of the rear wheel differential (not shown).
  • HI/LO transmission 50 includes two clutch devices 50 a , 50 b , both for rotating a shaft 52 to which the pinion 51 is fitted.
  • the clutch device 50 a substantially is formed of a clutch and two gears 53 , 54 , gear 54 being fitted to shaft 52 .
  • device 50 b is formed of a clutch and two gears 55 , 56 .
  • Gear 56 is also fitted to shaft 52 , whereas gears 53 and 55 are fitted to a hollow shaft 53 a.
  • the angular speed of pinion 51 therefore, depends on which of the two clutches is engaged, and, therefore, on which of the two pairs of gears 53 , 54 or 55 , 56 rotates shaft 52 .
  • clutch device 50 a when clutch device 50 a is engaged, HI mode is engaged and pinion 51 rotates at a high angular speed; and, to rotate pinion 51 at low speed, clutch device 50 a is simply released and device 50 b engaged to engage LO mode.
  • Gear 56 always transmits motion to a known device 57 for transmitting motion to the front wheels (not shown).
  • PTO shaft 28 rotates a gear 58 meshing with a gear 59 for transmitting motion to a shaft controlling auxiliary facilities 60 (shown only partly).
  • shaft 28 is fitted with a PTO clutch 61 ; and unit 16 is also housed in a structural casing 16 a .
  • Structural casings 49 and 16 a are also advantageously made of cast iron.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A hybrid power train for farm tractors, wherein the elements defining at least one of the electric machines are housed in a structural casing formed in one piece. The structural casing forms an integral part of the supporting structure of the tractor in the form of a half-shell open on one side, so as to permit assembly of an insulating element, a stator, and a shaft fitted with a respective rotor to form the electric machine part of the hybrid power train. The diesel engine of the agricultural tractor is mechanically connected to the Power take-off mechanism by routing the PTO shaft through a number of hollow shafts for transmitting power from the diesel engine to and from the two electric machines by means of a conventional epicyclic gear train.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention relates to a hybrid power train coupling mechanical and electrical power and, more particularly, to forming the hybrid power train in a configuration that can be utilized in agricultural tractors.
  • Hybrid power trains, in which part of the energy produced by an internal combustion engine is converted into electric energy to improve control of the power train, are known in the art. A hybrid power train of this type is described and claimed in European Patent No. EP-01203947.5, the contents of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference. One of the problems posed by this type of power train is the bulk of the system, which generally renders the hybrid power train system unsuitable for use on farm tractors.
  • Moreover, known hybrid power trains are difficult to produce and involve a large number of component parts, thus increasing the cost and complexity as compared with conventional power trains for agricultural tractors. Known hybrid engines, in fact, comprise a housing containing the two electric motors, each of which in turn comprises a respective casing.
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • It is an object of the present invention to provide a hybrid power train capable of practical utilization in an agricultural tractor.
  • It is an advantage of this invention to provide a hybrid power train that is more compact and easier to manufacture than heretofore known in the art.
  • It is a feature of this invention to provide a hybrid power train system in which the known electric motor casings are replaced with structural casings.
  • It is another advantage of this invention that the structural casings replacing the known electric motor casings are made of cast iron.
  • It is still another advantage of this invention that the formation of the structural casings from cast iron enables the power of the electric motors to be increased for a given size of the power train.
  • It is another feature of this invention that the combining an increased electric power and compactness of the structural casings permit the utilization of the hybrid power trains on farm tractors.
  • It is another object of this invention to provide a solution to the problem of connecting the diesel engine mechanically to the power take-off mechanism on an agricultural tractor.
  • It is yet another advantage of this invention that by using a small number of easy-to-assemble component parts that manufacture of the electric machines for the hybrid power train is greatly simplified.
  • It is still another feature of this invention that the disposal of heat generated by the electric machines can be accomplished either directly to the outside or by means of coolant circulated in channels formed in the structural casings.
  • It is yet another feature of this invention to connect the diesel engine of an agricultural tractor to the PTO by routing the PTO shaft through a number of hollow shafts for transmitting power from the diesel engine and to and from the two electric machines by means of a conventional epicyclic gear train.
  • These and other objects, features and advantages are accomplished according to the instant invention by providing a hybrid power train for farm tractors, wherein the elements defining at least one of the electric machines are housed in a structural casing formed in one piece. The structural casing forms an integral part of the supporting structure of the tractor in the form of a half-shell open on one side, so as to permit assembly of an insulating element, a stator, and a shaft fitted with a respective rotor to form the electric machine part of the hybrid power train. The diesel engine of the agricultural tractor is mechanically connected to the Power take-off mechanism by routing the PTO shaft through a number of hollow shafts for transmitting power from the diesel engine to and from the two electric machines by means of a conventional epicyclic gear train.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The advantages of this invention will become apparent upon consideration of the following detailed disclosure of the invention, especially when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, wherein:
  • The Figure is schematic cross-sectional view of a hybrid power train for an agricultural tractor incorporating the principles of the instant invention.
    • DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • A power train 10, which is a hybrid type, is formed of a diesel engine 11 (not shown) for rotating a shaft 17; and a number of units 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, the functions of which are explained in detail below. Working from left to right on the drawing, a connecting/disconnecting unit 12 is depicted. Unit 12 is known in the art and is formed of a first stage 12 a for connecting and disconnecting the diesel engine 11 to or from the shaft 17. The first stage 12 a is engaged or released by the operator by means of a sleeve 18 and a lever 19 operated by conventional actuating means (not shown). To engage and release the first stage 12 a, the sleeve 18 is moved in a direction defined by an axis 20, which is also the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the shaft 17.
  • Downstream from first stage 12 a, unit 12 further includes a second stage 12 b, also known in the art and formed of a clutch device 21 for connecting and disconnecting the shaft 17 to or from a hollow shaft 22. By activating a portion 21 b of clutch device 21 (by known means not shown), shaft 22, being integral with shaft 17, is rotated in the same direction as the diesel engine 11. Conversely, by activating a portion 21 a of clutch device 21, the power generated by diesel engine 11 is transmitted to shaft 22 in the opposite direction to before by a set of three intermeshing gears 23, 24, 25, of which gear 24 is an idler gear, a shaft 25 a, and gears 25 b and 25 c. Both stages 12 a, 12 b are supported in known manner by a support 27 preferably, though not necessarily, made of cast iron. Hollow shaft 22 houses, coaxially, a shaft 28 for powering a PTO; and shafts 17, 22, 28 all have the same longitudinal axis of symmetry 20.
  • Unit 13 includes a first electric machine 29 housed in a structural casing 30, which also houses an electric insulating element 31 on which rests a conventional stator 32. A known rotor 33 completes electric machine 29, and is defined by a pack of laminations 33 a fitted to a shaft 34 supported on two ball bearings 35, 36 a. Bearing 35 is housed in a seat 30 a formed in a wall 30 b of the structural casing, and bearing 36 a is housed in a seat 37 a formed in a plate 37 at an opening 37 c.
  • A structural casing 30, also advantageously, though not necessarily, made of cast iron, is bolted by known means on one side to support 27, and on the other side thereof to both plate 37 and a structural casing 38 forming part of the next unit 14. Being open on the side facing unit 14, the structural casing 30 permits easy assembly of the component parts of electric machine 29. Two chambers 38 a, 38 b are defined inside structural casing 38 of unit 14, and are separated by a wall 39 having an opening 39 a. The first chamber 38 a houses an epicyclic gear train 40, the component parts of which and the way in which they are connected to the other parts of power train 10 are explained in detail below.
  • Structural casing 38, and in particular the second chamber 38 b, houses elements forming part of a second electric machine 41, which is generally formed of the same component parts as first electric machine 29. Accordingly, the second electric machine 41 includes an electric insulating element 42, on which rests a conventional stator 43, and is completed by a rotor 44 fitted to a shaft 45 supported on two ball bearings 46, 47. Shaft 45 is also hollow and coaxial with axis 20, and rotor 44 comprises a pack of laminations 44 a. Since the second chamber 38 b is also open, at least on one side, outwardly towards the next unit 15, the component parts of second electric machine 41 are assembled easily inside second chamber 38 b.
  • As stated above, an actuating means (not shown) operates lever 19 to engage or release the sleeve 18, which can be released automatically when power train 10 is running, or manually by the user operating a lever (not shown) or a pedal (not shown) to start directly in fully electric mode when the power train 10 is off. When the power train 10 is running, in fact, the tractor hydraulic circuit (not shown) is already pressurized so that enough hydraulic power is available to automatically release sleeve 18 to switch to the fully electric mode. Conversely, when the power train 10 is off, no hydraulic power is available to start directly in fully electric mode, so a manual control must be provided to release sleeve 18. Otherwise, operation of electric machines 29, 41 would rotate shaft 17, thus resulting in undesired start-up of the diesel engine 11.
  • The epicyclic gear train 40 is formed of a planet carrier 40 a integral with hollow shaft 22; and a number of planet wheels 40 b, each connected to planet carrier 40 a by a respective spindle 40 c. The epicyclic gear train 40 also includes a sun gear 40 d integral with hollow shaft 34 of electric machine 29; and a ring gear 40 e integral with hollow shaft 45 of second electric machine 41. By means of known mechanisms also described in EP-01203947.5, the description of which is incorporated herein by reference, the epicyclic gear train 40 divides and recombines the mechanical power supplied by diesel engine 11, and the electric power produced by electric machines 29, 41.
  • The hollow shaft 45 of the second electric machine 41 provides for actually adding the mechanical energy transmitted to the shaft 45 by the ring gear 40 e of the epicyclic gear train 40 to the rotational energy supplied by rotor 44. As stated, structural casing 30, plate 37, and structural casing 38 are preferably made of cast iron and connected to one another by known fastening means, such as a number of bolts and respective nuts, so that the structural whole housing the two electric machines 29, 41 is extremely compact and solid. The bearing 46 is housed in a seat 46 a formed in wall 39, close to opening 39 a; bearing 47 is housed in a seat 47 a formed in a wall 48 of the next unit 15; and wall 28 has an opening 47 b.
  • Unit 15 includes a structural casing 49 in turn forming the wall 48 and housing a conventional HI/LO transmission 50. The HI/LO transmission 50 rotates a pinion 51 of the rear wheel differential (not shown). More specifically, HI/LO transmission 50 includes two clutch devices 50 a, 50 b, both for rotating a shaft 52 to which the pinion 51 is fitted. The clutch device 50 a substantially is formed of a clutch and two gears 53, 54, gear 54 being fitted to shaft 52. Similarly, device 50 b is formed of a clutch and two gears 55, 56. Gear 56 is also fitted to shaft 52, whereas gears 53 and 55 are fitted to a hollow shaft 53 a.
  • The angular speed of pinion 51, therefore, depends on which of the two clutches is engaged, and, therefore, on which of the two pairs of gears 53, 54 or 55, 56 rotates shaft 52. In other words, when clutch device 50 a is engaged, HI mode is engaged and pinion 51 rotates at a high angular speed; and, to rotate pinion 51 at low speed, clutch device 50 a is simply released and device 50 b engaged to engage LO mode. Gear 56 always transmits motion to a known device 57 for transmitting motion to the front wheels (not shown). As shown in the accompanying drawing, PTO shaft 28 rotates a gear 58 meshing with a gear 59 for transmitting motion to a shaft controlling auxiliary facilities 60 (shown only partly).
  • At unit 16, shaft 28 is fitted with a PTO clutch 61; and unit 16 is also housed in a structural casing 16 a. Structural casings 49 and 16 a are also advantageously made of cast iron.
  • It will be understood that changes in the details, materials, steps and arrangements of parts which have been described and illustrated to explain the nature of the invention will occur to and may be made by those skilled in the art upon a reading of this disclosure within the principles and scope of the invention. The foregoing description illustrates the preferred embodiment of the invention; however, concepts, as based upon the description, may be employed in other embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the following claims are intended to protect the invention broadly as well as in the specific form shown.

Claims (8)

1-9. (canceled)
10. A tractor powertrain comprising:
a support comprising a divider wall separating a pair of cavities, the divider wall defining an aperture and being adapted to receive a first bearing;
a first structural casing including a closed end and an open end, the closed end (i) being fastened to the support, (ii) defining an aperture, (iii) being adapted to receive a bearing in the aperture and (iv) comprising a raised collar coaxial with the aperture, the raised collar adapted to receive a bearing thereon;
a plate fastened to the open end of the first structural casing, the plate comprising a collar, which defines an aperture and is adapted to receive a pair of bearings in a spaced relationship;
a second structural casing comprising a casing divider wall dividing the second structural casing into first and second cavities, the casing divider wall including a collar adapted to receive a pair of bearings in a spaced relationship, the second structural casing being fastened to the plate; and
a third structural casing including a closed end fastened to the second structural casing, the closed end including a collar adapted to receive a pair of spaced bearings.
11. A tractor powertrain according to claim 10, further comprising a first electrical machine disposed within the first structural casing, an epicyclic gear train disposed within the first cavity of the second structural casing, and a second electrical machine disposed within the second cavity of the second structural casing.
12. A tractor powertrain according to claim 10, further comprising a first bearing disposed in the aperture of the divider wall; a second bearing disposed in the aperture of the first structural casing; a third bearing disposed in the collar of the first structural casing; fourth and fifth bearings disposed in a spaced relationship in the collar of the plate; sixth and seventh bearings disposed in the casing divider wall of the second structural casing; eighth and ninth bearings disposed in the collar of the closed end of the third structural casing.
13. A tractor powertrain according to claim 12, further comprising a first shaft; a second, hollow shaft disposed coaxially with and around the first shaft; and a third, hollow shaft disposed coaxially with and around the first and second shafts, the first shaft being journelled in the first bearing, the second shaft being journelled in the second bearing and the third shaft being journelled in the third and fourth bearings.
14. A tractor powertrain according to claim 13, further comprising a fourth, hollow shaft disposed coaxially with and around the first shaft, the fourth shaft being journelled in the seventh and eighth bearings.
15. A tractor powertrain according to claim 14, further comprising first and second electrical machines, each comprising a stator and a rotor, the rotor of the first electrical machine being fixed to the third shaft and the rotor of the second electrical machine being fixed to the fourth shaft.
16. A tractor powertrain according to claim 14, further comprising a fifth, hollow shaft disposed coaxially with and around the first shaft, the fifth shaft being journelled in the ninth bearing.
US10/976,017 2001-11-30 2004-10-28 Tractor powertrain including plurality of structural casings Abandoned US20050150700A1 (en)

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ITBO2001A000734 2001-11-30
US10/281,606 US6899190B2 (en) 2001-11-30 2002-10-28 Tractor powertrain including plurality of structural casings
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US6899190B2 (en) 2005-05-31
US20030102174A1 (en) 2003-06-05
EP1317050A2 (en) 2003-06-04
ITBO20010734A1 (en) 2003-05-30
ITBO20010734A0 (en) 2001-11-30
EP1317050A3 (en) 2006-05-24

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