US20040182728A1 - Strip of fasteners for a fastening apparatus with loading device intended to take the strip, the apparatus and the loading device - Google Patents

Strip of fasteners for a fastening apparatus with loading device intended to take the strip, the apparatus and the loading device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20040182728A1
US20040182728A1 US10/773,447 US77344704A US2004182728A1 US 20040182728 A1 US20040182728 A1 US 20040182728A1 US 77344704 A US77344704 A US 77344704A US 2004182728 A1 US2004182728 A1 US 2004182728A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
strip
fasteners
loading device
fastener
guide
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Abandoned
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US10/773,447
Inventor
Roland Almeras
Patrick Herelier
Emmanuel Vallon
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Societe de Prospection et dInventions Techniques SPIT SAS
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Societe de Prospection et dInventions Techniques SPIT SAS
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Assigned to SOCIETE DE PROSPECTION ET D'INVENTIONS reassignment SOCIETE DE PROSPECTION ET D'INVENTIONS ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ALMERAS, ROLAND, HERELIER, PATRICK, VALLON, EMMANUEL
Publication of US20040182728A1 publication Critical patent/US20040182728A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/08—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure
    • B25C1/10—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge
    • B25C1/18—Details and accessories, e.g. splinter guards, spall minimisers
    • B25C1/182—Feeding devices
    • B25C1/184—Feeding devices for nails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B15/00—Nails; Staples
    • F16B15/08—Nails; Staples formed in integral series but easily separable

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of fasteners of the nail or wall plug type, comprising a shank with a rear head and a pointed front end.
  • Fasteners for the guide peg may come in strip form, their pegs strung together in a string, the strip being mounted in a loading device with a return spring so that when the loading device is mounted on the apparatus, the strip is pushed and a guide peg is introduced into the barrel before each firing action.
  • a string of guide pegs is described, for example, in patent EP 0 502 667.
  • the peg of the element that is to be driven is separated from the adjacent peg by shearing by the weight in the apparatus and then, as the fastener is driven into the receiving material, the peg acts as a shock absorber and washer.
  • pegs in a string may be effective in guiding a fastener in the barrel or the plug guide as long as the guide peg of the fastener considered is still attached to an adjacent peg still situated in the loading device, the same is no longer true when the last fastener of the strip is reached and has to be transferred from the loading device into the barrel, because its guide peg is no longer held either by the adjacent peg or by the wall of the internal bore of the barrel (or the plug guide) open onto the loading device. It can therefore tilt and jam the apparatus.
  • the invention relates first of all to a strip of fasteners for a fastening apparatus with a loading device intended to take the strip, each fastener comprising a shank pointed at one end and bearing a head at the other end, the fasteners being engaged respectively via their shanks in guide pegs joined together into a string before they are transferred, one by one, from the loading device into the apparatus, in the firing position, the strip being characterized in that at least one of the guide pegs at the end of the string comprises support means designed to prevent it from tilting as it is transferred from the loading device into the apparatus.
  • the last fastener is prevented from tiltping in the barrel or the plug guide.
  • the strip of fasteners may be introduced into the loading device in either of two directions, it is preferable for the two end guide pegs of the strip at least to comprise support means.
  • the support means comprise at least one lug extending transversely to the overall plane of the strip.
  • each peg comprises two transverse lugs which are symmetric with respect to the overall plane of the strip, thus balancing the support.
  • all the pegs of the strip have support lugs, by virtue of which, if a strip is broken, the parts of the strip remain usable.
  • the invention also relates to an indirect-acting fastening apparatus with a weight intended to be propelled along a bore to drive a fastener of a strip of fasteners as defined above and accommodated in a loading device of the apparatus, which apparatus is characterized in that the bore in which the weight is intended to be propelled and which is intended to receive the fastener with its guide peg provided with support means is designed to accommodate the said support means.
  • the said bore in which the weight is propelled is grooved so as to accommodate at least one support lug of the guide pegs of the strip of fasteners.
  • the invention relates finally, and by way of intermediate product, to a loading device for an indirect-acting fastener apparatus with a weight intended to be propelled along a bore to drive a fastener of a strip of fasteners, the loading device being designed to take the strip of fasteners and comprising a chamber to house the guide pegs of the fasteners of the strip, the chamber being designed to accommodate the said support means of the guide pegs.
  • the chamber accommodating the guide pegs of the loading device is grooved to accommodate at least one support lug of the guide pegs of the strip of fasteners.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in section of a fastening apparatus and of its loading device of the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the strip of fasteners of the invention
  • FIG. 3 is a section view of the fastening apparatus and of its loading device of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a view in section of the fastening apparatus and of the loading device, on IV-IV of FIG. 3, and
  • FIG. 5 is a view in section of the loading device on V-V of FIG. 3
  • the loading device can, depending on the apparatus, be mounted either on its barrel, or on its brad guide, the remainder of the description will speak of the body of the apparatus in order to denote either one of these items without expressing any preference.
  • FIG. 1 relates to the prior art, the elements of the apparatus of the prior art and of the apparatus of the invention which are the same will be associated with the same references.
  • the fastening apparatus 10 comprises a body 2 and a loading device 3 .
  • the fastener 1 comprises a shank which is pointed at one end 8 and has a head 7 at the other end. It is held in a guide peg 11 to guide it in the bore 4 of the body.
  • the guide pegs for the fasteners of the strip, forming a string 20 and in this instance not only the end pegs of the strip 11 ′ and 11 ′′ but all the other pegs 11 also, have support lugs 14 .
  • Each guide peg 11 has a part 110 which is generally tubular, intended to take the shank 1 of a fastener, and a ring 111 , surmounting the tubular part 110 , also intended to take the shank of the fastener, about. its portion adjacent to the head 7 which is itself intended to bear against this ring 111 .
  • the ring 111 is slightly oblong, with a major axis running transversely, here perpendicular, to the general plane 112 of the string 20 and therefore of the strip of fasteners when the fasteners are engaged within their guide pegs.
  • the support lugs 14 are formed as a projection on the ring of the pegs, at the ends of its major axis and, in this instance, in the end plane 115 of the ring. In a plane transverse to the axis of a guide peg 11 , the support lugs 14 thus project out of the overall diameter of the guide peg 11 . These are small half-moon lugs.
  • the chamber 6 of the loading device 3 is grooved and has two grooves 15 for accommodating the lugs 14 of the rings of the guide pegs 11 .
  • the linear grooves 15 of the loading device are continued into the body 2 in the form of two small grooves 17 formed in the wall of the bore 4 and also intended to house the support lugs 14 of the guide pegs 11 .
  • the string 20 described is a string of guide cavities (pegs) 11 with two transverse support lugs 14 . Naturally, it would be possible to settle for providing just one on each peg.
  • the support lugs described are half-moon shaped. It would also have been possible to envisage trapezoidal lugs or even rectangular ones. In any event, it is necessary, but sufficient, for the overall transverse diameter of each cavity, in the plane of the support lugs, to exceed the diameter of the cavity outside this plane, that is to say the diameter of the bore 4 in which the weight 5 slides.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Advancing Webs (AREA)
  • Replacement Of Web Rolls (AREA)

Abstract

Each fastener comprises a shank pointed at one end and bearing a head at the other end, the fasteners are engaged respectively via their shanks in guide pegs (11) joined together into a string (20). At least one of the guide pegs at the end of the string (11′, 11″) comprises support means (14) designed to prevent it from tilting as it is transferred from the loading device into the apparatus.

Description

  • The field of the invention is that of fasteners of the nail or wall plug type, comprising a shank with a rear head and a pointed front end. [0001]
  • In general, for this, use is made of an indirect-acting fastening apparatus and a fastener is introduced automatically into the barrel using a loading device. [0002]
  • In order for the fastener to remain perfectly coaxial with the barrel, for it not to tilt about the axis, and for it therefore to remain correctly guided while it is being driven into the barrel of the apparatus after the apparatus has been fired and before the fastener is introduced into the receiving material, it has already been proposed for a guide peg or washer to be slipped over the shank of the fastener. [0003]
  • Fasteners for the guide peg may come in strip form, their pegs strung together in a string, the strip being mounted in a loading device with a return spring so that when the loading device is mounted on the apparatus, the strip is pushed and a guide peg is introduced into the barrel before each firing action. A string of guide pegs is described, for example, in patent EP 0 502 667. [0004]
  • It will be noted that, with fasteners in strip form, after each firing, the peg of the element that is to be driven is separated from the adjacent peg by shearing by the weight in the apparatus and then, as the fastener is driven into the receiving material, the peg acts as a shock absorber and washer. [0005]
  • However, while arranging pegs in a string may be effective in guiding a fastener in the barrel or the plug guide as long as the guide peg of the fastener considered is still attached to an adjacent peg still situated in the loading device, the same is no longer true when the last fastener of the strip is reached and has to be transferred from the loading device into the barrel, because its guide peg is no longer held either by the adjacent peg or by the wall of the internal bore of the barrel (or the plug guide) open onto the loading device. It can therefore tilt and jam the apparatus. [0006]
  • It is in order to avoid this fact that the applicant company is proposing its invention. [0007]
  • To this end, the invention relates first of all to a strip of fasteners for a fastening apparatus with a loading device intended to take the strip, each fastener comprising a shank pointed at one end and bearing a head at the other end, the fasteners being engaged respectively via their shanks in guide pegs joined together into a string before they are transferred, one by one, from the loading device into the apparatus, in the firing position, the strip being characterized in that at least one of the guide pegs at the end of the string comprises support means designed to prevent it from tilting as it is transferred from the loading device into the apparatus. [0008]
  • Thus, the last fastener is prevented from tiltping in the barrel or the plug guide. [0009]
  • As the strip of fasteners may be introduced into the loading device in either of two directions, it is preferable for the two end guide pegs of the strip at least to comprise support means. [0010]
  • Advantageously, the support means comprise at least one lug extending transversely to the overall plane of the strip. [0011]
  • As a preference, each peg comprises two transverse lugs which are symmetric with respect to the overall plane of the strip, thus balancing the support. [0012]
  • Advantageously, all the pegs of the strip have support lugs, by virtue of which, if a strip is broken, the parts of the strip remain usable. [0013]
  • The invention also relates to an indirect-acting fastening apparatus with a weight intended to be propelled along a bore to drive a fastener of a strip of fasteners as defined above and accommodated in a loading device of the apparatus, which apparatus is characterized in that the bore in which the weight is intended to be propelled and which is intended to receive the fastener with its guide peg provided with support means is designed to accommodate the said support means. [0014]
  • In the preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention, the said bore in which the weight is propelled is grooved so as to accommodate at least one support lug of the guide pegs of the strip of fasteners. [0015]
  • The invention relates finally, and by way of intermediate product, to a loading device for an indirect-acting fastener apparatus with a weight intended to be propelled along a bore to drive a fastener of a strip of fasteners, the loading device being designed to take the strip of fasteners and comprising a chamber to house the guide pegs of the fasteners of the strip, the chamber being designed to accommodate the said support means of the guide pegs. [0016]
  • In the preferred embodiment of the loading device of the invention, the chamber accommodating the guide pegs of the loading device is grooved to accommodate at least one support lug of the guide pegs of the strip of fasteners.[0017]
  • The invention will be better understood with the aid of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the strip of fasteners, of the fastening apparatus and of the loading device of the invention, with reference to the appended drawing, in which: [0018]
  • FIG. 1 is a view in section of a fastening apparatus and of its loading device of the prior art; [0019]
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the strip of fasteners of the invention; [0020]
  • FIG. 3 is a section view of the fastening apparatus and of its loading device of the invention; [0021]
  • FIG. 4 is a view in section of the fastening apparatus and of the loading device, on IV-IV of FIG. 3, and [0022]
  • FIG. 5 is a view in section of the loading device on V-V of FIG. 3[0023]
  • By way of preliminaries, as the loading device can, depending on the apparatus, be mounted either on its barrel, or on its brad guide, the remainder of the description will speak of the body of the apparatus in order to denote either one of these items without expressing any preference. [0024]
  • In addition, as FIG. 1 relates to the prior art, the elements of the apparatus of the prior art and of the apparatus of the invention which are the same will be associated with the same references. [0025]
  • With reference to FIG. 1, the [0026] fastening apparatus 10 comprises a body 2 and a loading device 3.
  • In the [0027] body 2 of axis 9 there slides a weight or piston 5 for driving a fastener 1, in this instance the last of a strip, depicted in the figure in the process of being transferred from the chamber 6 that takes the strip in the loading device 3 towards the bore 4 of the body.
  • The [0028] fastener 1 comprises a shank which is pointed at one end 8 and has a head 7 at the other end. It is held in a guide peg 11 to guide it in the bore 4 of the body.
  • As this is the last fastener in the strip, it is not held by an adjacent peg and can tilt in the bore of the body in a movement illustrated by the arrows. [0029]
  • To prevent this movement, with reference to FIG. 2, the guide pegs for the fasteners of the strip, forming a [0030] string 20, and in this instance not only the end pegs of the strip 11′ and 11″ but all the other pegs 11 also, have support lugs 14.
  • Each [0031] guide peg 11 has a part 110 which is generally tubular, intended to take the shank 1 of a fastener, and a ring 111, surmounting the tubular part 110, also intended to take the shank of the fastener, about. its portion adjacent to the head 7 which is itself intended to bear against this ring 111. The ring 111 is slightly oblong, with a major axis running transversely, here perpendicular, to the general plane 112 of the string 20 and therefore of the strip of fasteners when the fasteners are engaged within their guide pegs.
  • The [0032] support lugs 14 are formed as a projection on the ring of the pegs, at the ends of its major axis and, in this instance, in the end plane 115 of the ring. In a plane transverse to the axis of a guide peg 11, the support lugs 14 thus project out of the overall diameter of the guide peg 11. These are small half-moon lugs.
  • Accordingly, the [0033] chamber 6 of the loading device 3 is grooved and has two grooves 15 for accommodating the lugs 14 of the rings of the guide pegs 11.
  • The [0034] linear grooves 15 of the loading device are continued into the body 2 in the form of two small grooves 17 formed in the wall of the bore 4 and also intended to house the support lugs 14 of the guide pegs 11.
  • In operation, and having introduced a strip of [0035] fasteners 1 into the chamber 6 of the loading device 3, the strip is pushed by a slider 16 acting on the action of a spring, not depicted. The support lugs 14 of the slide pegs 11 slide in the grooves 15 of the loading device 3 and the grooves 17 of the body of the apparatus and with each new cycle of the weight 5, another fastener 1 is transferred into the bore 4 of the body 2 of the apparatus. It will be noted that the fastener 1, driven by the weight 5, will be guided herein in the bore 4 not only by its guide peg 11 but also by a washer 18.
  • As long as there are still two fasteners remaining to be driven into a receiving material, there are not too many problems. However, when only one remains, the support lugs [0036] 14 of its guide peg 11 will come fully into effect. They will hold the guide peg 11 and, with it, the fastener 1, laterally and thus prevent it from tilting. Any operational anomaly on the last shot is thus prevented.
  • Because of the continuity between the [0037] grooves 15 of the loading device 3 and the grooves 17 of the bore 4, the support function of the lugs 14 is continuously fulfilled from the loading device 3 to the bore 4, and continues within the bore 4 until firing time.
  • The [0038] string 20 described is a string of guide cavities (pegs) 11 with two transverse support lugs 14. Naturally, it would be possible to settle for providing just one on each peg.
  • Likewise, the support lugs described are half-moon shaped. It would also have been possible to envisage trapezoidal lugs or even rectangular ones. In any event, it is necessary, but sufficient, for the overall transverse diameter of each cavity, in the plane of the support lugs, to exceed the diameter of the cavity outside this plane, that is to say the diameter of the bore [0039] 4 in which the weight 5 slides.
  • In the figures, the body of the apparatus and of its loading device, which are two different pieces, although joined together, are hatched in the same way. Of course, it will have been understood that this is merely to simplify the drawing. [0040]

Claims (10)

1. Strip of fasteners (1) for a fastening apparatus (10) with a loading device (3) intended to take the strip, each fastener comprising a shank pointed at one end (8) and bearing a head (7) at the other end, the fasteners being engaged respectively via their shanks in guide pegs (11) joined together into a string (20) before they are transferred, one by one, from the loading device (3) into the apparatus (2), in the firing position, the strip being characterized in that at least one of the guide pegs at the end of the string (11′, 11″) comprises support means (14) designed to prevent it from tilting as it is transferred from the loading device (3) into the apparatus (10).
2. Strip of fasteners according to claim 1, in which the two end guide pegs of the strip (11′, 11″) at least comprise support means (14).
3. Strip of fasteners according to claim 1, in which the support means comprise at least one lug (14) extending transversely to the overall plane (112) of the strip.
4. Strip of fasteners according to claim 3, in which each peg (11′, 11″) comprises two transverse lugs (14) which are symmetric with respect to the overall plane of the strip.
5. Strip according to claim 4, in which all the pegs (11) of the strip have support lugs (14).
6. Strip of fasteners according to claim 1, in which the support means (14) project out of the overall transverse diameter of the peg (11) they are comprised in.
7. Indirect-acting fastening apparatus (10) with a weight (5) intended to be propelled along a bore (4) to drive a fastener (1) of a strip of fasteners, according to claim 1, which apparatus is characterized in that the bore (4) in which the weight (5) is intended to be propelled and which is intended to receive the fastener (1) with its guide peg (11) provided with support means (14) is designed (17) to accommodate the said support means (14).
8. Apparatus according to claim 7, in which the said bore (4) in which the weight (5) is propelled is grooved (17) so as to accommodate at least one support lug (14) of the guide pegs (11) of the strip of fasteners (1).
9. Loading device for an indirect-acting fastener apparatus (10) with a weight (5) intended to be propelled along a bore (4) to drive a fastener (1) of a strip of fasteners, according to claim 1, the loading-device (3) being designed to take the strip of fasteners and comprising a chamber (6) to house the guide pegs (11) of the fasteners (1) of the strip, the chamber (6) being designed (15) to accommodate the said support means (14) of the guide pegs (11).
10. Loading device according to claim 9, in which the chamber (6) accommodating the guide pegs (11) of the loading device is grooved (15) to accommodate at least one support lug (14) of the guide pegs (11) of the strip of fasteners (1).
US10/773,447 2003-02-10 2004-02-09 Strip of fasteners for a fastening apparatus with loading device intended to take the strip, the apparatus and the loading device Abandoned US20040182728A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0301548 2003-02-10
FR0301548A FR2850895B1 (en) 2003-02-10 2003-02-10 BAND OF FIXING ELEMENTS FOR SEALING APPARATUS WITH CHARGER FOR RECEIVING THE BAND, THE APPARATUS AND THE CHARGER

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US20040182728A1 true US20040182728A1 (en) 2004-09-23

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US (1) US20040182728A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1445071B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1526964A (en)
AT (1) ATE428542T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2004200442B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2456944A1 (en)
DE (1) DE602004020534D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1445071T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2850895B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ531040A (en)

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US20040256261A1 (en) * 2000-08-21 2004-12-23 Paul Gaudron Nail holder strip
US20100243703A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fastening element magazine strip
US20140294535A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. Fastener assembly
GB2522124A (en) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-15 Sympafix Bv Fastener carrier strips
CN110814721A (en) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-21 波音公司 Fastener alignment system, fastener alignment kit, and related methods

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FR2895296B1 (en) * 2005-12-28 2008-02-29 Prospection Et D Inv S Techniq APPARATUS FOR SEALING PADS DISPOSED IN STRIP AND STRIP OF RECEPTION OF STAMPS FOR THE APPARATUS
SE531955C2 (en) * 2007-07-09 2009-09-15 Itw Sverige Ab Fasteners, fastener assembly and a method of feeding said fasteners to a fastener driving tool
DE102007047241A1 (en) * 2007-09-24 2009-04-02 Adolf Würth GmbH & Co. KG Stud gun
DE102012209420A1 (en) * 2012-06-04 2013-12-05 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft driving-
DE102017117961B4 (en) * 2017-08-08 2023-04-27 M B N- Maschinenbaubetriebe Neugersdorf GmbH Method and device for preparing screws
CN108547841B (en) * 2018-04-24 2020-04-14 湖北沛函建设有限公司 Quick construction equipment of wall decorative board

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US6708821B2 (en) * 2002-08-21 2004-03-23 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Fastener collation strip and debris exhaust mechanism
US6705464B1 (en) * 2002-09-09 2004-03-16 Testo Industry Corp. Belt for collated nails for air-driven nailing gun
US6779959B1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2004-08-24 Testo Industry Corp. Belt of nails for nailers

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040256261A1 (en) * 2000-08-21 2004-12-23 Paul Gaudron Nail holder strip
US20100243703A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fastening element magazine strip
DE102009001790A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-10-14 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fasteners magazine strip
US8328012B2 (en) 2009-03-24 2012-12-11 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fastening element magazine strip
DE102009001790B4 (en) * 2009-03-24 2014-01-16 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Fasteners magazine strip
US20140294535A1 (en) * 2013-03-29 2014-10-02 Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. Fastener assembly
US9360036B2 (en) * 2013-03-29 2016-06-07 Stanley Fastening Systems, L.P. Fastener assembly
GB2522124A (en) * 2014-01-08 2015-07-15 Sympafix Bv Fastener carrier strips
GB2522124B (en) * 2014-01-08 2016-09-07 Sympafix Bv Fastener carrier strips
CN110814721A (en) * 2018-08-10 2020-02-21 波音公司 Fastener alignment system, fastener alignment kit, and related methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1445071B1 (en) 2009-04-15
FR2850895B1 (en) 2006-03-03
FR2850895A1 (en) 2004-08-13
NZ531040A (en) 2005-12-23
DE602004020534D1 (en) 2009-05-28
CN1526964A (en) 2004-09-08
AU2004200442B2 (en) 2006-02-02
EP1445071A1 (en) 2004-08-11
AU2004200442A1 (en) 2004-08-26
DK1445071T3 (en) 2009-07-06
ATE428542T1 (en) 2009-05-15
CA2456944A1 (en) 2004-08-10

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