US20030176152A1 - Method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component - Google Patents

Method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component Download PDF

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Publication number
US20030176152A1
US20030176152A1 US10/221,146 US22114602A US2003176152A1 US 20030176152 A1 US20030176152 A1 US 20030176152A1 US 22114602 A US22114602 A US 22114602A US 2003176152 A1 US2003176152 A1 US 2003176152A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
calendering
ball
burnishing
contact component
gpa
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US10/221,146
Inventor
Pieter Lugt
John Tripp
Rinke Vos
Ralph Meeuwenoord
Armin Herbert Olschewski
Antonio Gabelli
John Beswick
Arend Voskamp
Aidan Kerrigan
Alexander De Vries
Johannes Kuijpers
Eustathios Ioannides
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF Engineering and Research Centre BV
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Assigned to SKF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH CENTRE B.V. reassignment SKF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH CENTRE B.V. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BESWICK, JOHN MICHAEL, CAREL, ALEXANDER JAN, CORNELIS, JOHANNES, GABELLI, ANTONIO, IOANNIDES, EUSTATHIOS, KERRIGAN, AIDAN MICHAEL, LUGT, PIETER MARTIN, MEEUWENOORD, RALPH CORNELIS PETRUS, OLSCHEWSKI, ARMIN HERBERT EMIL AUGUST, TRIPP, JOHN HOWARD, VOS, RINKE, VOSKAMP, AREND PIETER
Assigned to SKF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH CENTRE B.V. reassignment SKF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH CENTRE B.V. CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT TWO ASSIGNORS LAST NAME, PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL 013235 FRAME 0013. Assignors: BESWICK, JOHN MICHAEL, DE VRIES, ALEXANDER JAN CAREL, GABELLI, ANTONIO, IOANNIDES, EUSTATHIOS, KERRIGAN, AIDAN MICHAEL, KUIJPERS, JOHANNES CORNELIS, LUGT, PIETER MARTIN, MEEUWENOORD, RALPH CORNELIS PETRUS, OLSCHEWSKI, ARMIN HERBERT EMIL AUGUST, TRIPP, JOHN HOWARD, VOS, RINKE, VOSKAMP, AREND PIETER
Publication of US20030176152A1 publication Critical patent/US20030176152A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/12—Force, load, stress, pressure
    • F16C2240/18—Stress
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00—Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40—Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/42—Groove sizes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing

Definitions

  • the invention is related to the field of finishing the surface of a rolling contact component.
  • a rolling contact component can form part of a rolling element bearing, e.g. a bearing ring or a ball-type or roller-type rolling element.
  • components which form part of a rolling traction drive are encompassed, e.g. the power rollers and discs of an infinitively or continuously variable transmission.
  • a proportioning and strengthening of the surface in question is obtained by means of a ball calendering (burnishing) tool which plastically deforms the roughness peaks which are left behind after a hard turning or rough grinding operation.
  • the tool comprises a holder at the tip of which a ball is usually rotatably supported by mans of a pressure fluid.
  • the calendering ball has a diameter of 2 mm to 13 mm.
  • a method of this type for manufacturing a traction drive rolling element has been disclosed in Japanese patent application JP-A-9137854. According to this prior art method, a surface pressures of 7 GPa or higher is applied. As a result, compressive residual stresses are obtained beneath the surface thus treated which lead to an increase of the rolling fatigue resistance and which would prevent the surface layers from flaking off. The method in question is claimed to generate compressive stresses of about 1.5 GPa at a depth of 0.1-0.2 mm beneath the surface.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for finishing a surface of a rolling contact component which combines excellent tribological propertied with a long contact fatigue life, good scuffing resistance and a good ability to build up a lubricant film.
  • This object is achieved by a method for finishing the-surface of a rolling contact component, such as a bearing rolling element, a bearing ring or a traction drive rolling element, comprising the steps of:
  • compressive stresses are generated at and/or beneath the surface, which compressive stresses do not exceed 1 GPa absolute.
  • the compressive stresses do not exceed 0.8 GPa absolute.
  • the process in question can be carried out in a quick and cost-effective manner by combining the (hard) cutting operation and the calendering operation in a single pass turning process.
  • the calendering ball may either be of a rolling type or of a sliding type.
  • FIG. 1 shows a state of the art surface obtained by grinding.
  • FIG. 2 shows a surface obtained according to the method of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 The surface shown in FIG. 1, e.g. of a bearing ring or power roller, has been obtained by a cutting operation and subsequent grinding.
  • the surface has a regular pattern of grooves 2 and ridges 1 , providing ISO reference of R A 0.2 ⁇ m.
  • the surface as shown in FIG. 2, obtained by a hard cutting operation and subsequent calendering or burnishing, comprises grooves 3 between areas 4 .
  • the toughness R A in general is 0.27 whereas the roughness on the areas (which need not to be fully flat) is R A 0.1 microns.
  • the surface and subsurface residual compresses stresses are less than 0.8 GPa.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component, such as a bearing roller element, a bearing ring or a traction drive rolling element, comprises the steps of: carrying out a cutting operation on the surface, subsequently calendering or burnishing the surface by means of a ball comprising a material harder than the bearing component material whereby the maximum calendering or burnishing pressure exerted on the surface is less than 7 Gpa.

Description

  • The invention is related to the field of finishing the surface of a rolling contact component. Such component can form part of a rolling element bearing, e.g. a bearing ring or a ball-type or roller-type rolling element. Also components which form part of a rolling traction drive are encompassed, e.g. the power rollers and discs of an infinitively or continuously variable transmission. [0001]
  • In the finishing process a proportioning and strengthening of the surface in question is obtained by means of a ball calendering (burnishing) tool which plastically deforms the roughness peaks which are left behind after a hard turning or rough grinding operation. The tool comprises a holder at the tip of which a ball is usually rotatably supported by mans of a pressure fluid. Typically, the calendering ball has a diameter of 2 mm to 13 mm. [0002]
  • As a result of the calendering or burnishing operation, the roughness peaks are plastically deformed, leading to a surface which typically has smooth material areas of equal height. A surface texture like this, that is with areas of about the same height, separated by grooves, is not filly smooth and is therefore suitable for the envisaged applications mentioned before, e.g. rolling element, power rollers etc. [0003]
  • A method of this type for manufacturing a traction drive rolling element has been disclosed in Japanese patent application JP-A-9137854. According to this prior art method, a surface pressures of 7 GPa or higher is applied. As a result, compressive residual stresses are obtained beneath the surface thus treated which lead to an increase of the rolling fatigue resistance and which would prevent the surface layers from flaking off. The method in question is claimed to generate compressive stresses of about 1.5 GPa at a depth of 0.1-0.2 mm beneath the surface. [0004]
  • Under specific conditions however, it appears that, despite the improved resistance against flaking, a decrease in life was obtained. Thus, the method should be adapted in such a way that this negative effect does not occur. [0005]
  • The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for finishing a surface of a rolling contact component which combines excellent tribological propertied with a long contact fatigue life, good scuffing resistance and a good ability to build up a lubricant film. [0006]
  • This object is achieved by a method for finishing the-surface of a rolling contact component, such as a bearing rolling element, a bearing ring or a traction drive rolling element, comprising the steps of: [0007]
  • carrying out a cutting operation on the surface, [0008]
  • subsequently calendering or burnishing the surface by means of a ball comprising a material harder tan the rolling contact component material whereby the maximum calendering or burnishing pressure exerted on the surface is less than 7 GPa. [0009]
  • By controlling the calendering or burnishing pressure at values less than 7 GPa, first of all the desired pattern or texture of flattened areas or lands is obtained, which areas are separated from each other by grooves. The flattened areas have the same height, which results in a balanced load sharing ability. On the other hand, the limitation of the calendering pressure provides reduced residual surface and subsurface compressive stresses, which leads to an extended life. [0010]
  • Preferably, compressive stresses are generated at and/or beneath the surface, which compressive stresses do not exceed 1 GPa absolute. [0011]
  • Most preferably, the compressive stresses do not exceed 0.8 GPa absolute. [0012]
  • Since the surface of the component in question has been overrolled and thereby plastically deformed, it can be expected that the running in takes place already at the manufacturing stage. The bearing therefore does not require running in. [0013]
  • The process in question can be carried out in a quick and cost-effective manner by combining the (hard) cutting operation and the calendering operation in a single pass turning process. [0014]
  • The calendering ball may either be of a rolling type or of a sliding type. [0015]
  • Furthermore, specific surface portions may be exposed to the calendering or burnishing pressure for more than one time. [0016]
  • This can be achieved by selecting the advancement speed of the tool which carries the calendering ball in such a way in relation to the turning rotation speed of the object that each spot on the surface is more than one time, e.g. five times, contacted by said ball.[0017]
  • The invention will describe further with reference to the figures. [0018]
  • FIG. 1 shows a state of the art surface obtained by grinding. [0019]
  • FIG. 2 shows a surface obtained according to the method of the invention. [0020]
  • The surface shown in FIG. 1, e.g. of a bearing ring or power roller, has been obtained by a cutting operation and subsequent grinding. [0021]
  • The surface has a regular pattern of [0022] grooves 2 and ridges 1, providing ISO reference of RA 0.2 μm.
  • The surface as shown in FIG. 2, obtained by a hard cutting operation and subsequent calendering or burnishing, comprises grooves [0023] 3 between areas 4. The toughness RA in general is 0.27 whereas the roughness on the areas (which need not to be fully flat) is RA 0.1 microns.
  • It is of importance that the areas [0024] 4 all have the same height, whereby a perfect load sharing ability is obtained. As a result, the fatigue life is almost equal to that of very smooth surfaces.
  • According to the invention, the surface and subsurface residual compresses stresses are less than 0.8 GPa. [0025]

Claims (10)

1. Method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component, such as a bearing rolling element, a bearing ring or a traction drive rolling element, comprising the steps of:
carrying out a cutting operation on the surface,
subsequently calendering or burnishing the surface by means of a ball comprising a material harder than the rolling contact component material whereby the maximum calendering or burnishing pressure exerted on the surface is less than 7 GPa.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein compressive stresses are generated at and/or beneath the surface, which compressive stresses do not exceed 1 GPa absolute.
3. Method according to claim 2, wherein the compressive stresses do not exceed 0.8 GPa absolute.
4. Method according to claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein a hard cutting operation is carried out on the surface before the calendering or burnishing operation.
5. Method according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the cutting operation and the calendering or burnishing operation are carried out in a single pass turning process.
6. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the calendering or burnishing operation is carried out by means of a ball comprising a material harder than the rolling contact component material.
7. Method according to claim 6, wherein the ball is rolled over the surface.
8. Method according to claim 6, wherein the ball is slid over the surface, a high traction fluid being provided for increasing the sliding force between said ball and surface.
9. Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein specific surface portions are exposed to the calendering or burnishing pressure each more than one time.
10. Method according to claim 9, wherein the ball is rolled over the surface maximally five times.
US10/221,146 2000-03-22 2001-03-22 Method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component Abandoned US20030176152A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1014723A NL1014723C2 (en) 2000-03-22 2000-03-22 Method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component.
NL1014723 2000-03-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20030176152A1 true US20030176152A1 (en) 2003-09-18

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US10/221,146 Abandoned US20030176152A1 (en) 2000-03-22 2001-03-22 Method for finishing the surface of a rolling contact component

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US20030176152A1 (en)
EP (1) EP1282783A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2003528272A (en)
KR (1) KR20020082897A (en)
CN (1) CN1418292A (en)
AU (1) AU2001246940A1 (en)
NL (1) NL1014723C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2001071208A1 (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050102837A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-05-19 Aktiebolaget Skf Method for manufacturing rolling contact surfaces
US20060207306A1 (en) * 2003-05-05 2006-09-21 Ab Skf Method for treating the surface of a machine element
US20080176093A1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-24 Infinitrak L.L.C. Powdered Metal Variator Components
US20090313806A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2009-12-24 Gilbert Peter J Golf club groove configuration
US11421732B2 (en) 2017-11-24 2022-08-23 Ntn Corporation Rolling component, bearing, and method of manufacturing the same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4947884B2 (en) * 2004-08-20 2012-06-06 住友重機械工業株式会社 Method for manufacturing pin of planetary rotating member of planetary reduction mechanism

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431654A (en) * 1944-11-03 1947-11-25 George W White Stock cutting and burnishing tool
US3049788A (en) * 1960-02-26 1962-08-21 Omega Ind Inc Method and apparatus for finishing surfaces
US4299017A (en) * 1979-05-11 1981-11-10 W. Hegenscheidt Gesellschaft Mbh Apparatus for smooth rolling the bearing seats of crankshafts
US5826453A (en) * 1996-12-05 1998-10-27 Lambda Research, Inc. Burnishing method and apparatus for providing a layer of compressive residual stress in the surface of a workpiece
US6415486B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2002-07-09 Surface Technology Holdings, Ltd. Method and apparatus for providing a residual stress distribution in the surface of a part
US6622570B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2003-09-23 Surface Technology Holdings Ltd. Method for reducing tensile stress zones in the surface of a part

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4554811A (en) * 1983-08-04 1985-11-26 Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha Crankpin rolling apparatus
JP2508178B2 (en) * 1988-02-29 1996-06-19 日本精工株式会社 Rolling bearing and manufacturing method thereof
JP3440657B2 (en) 1995-11-15 2003-08-25 日産自動車株式会社 Finishing method of traction drive rolling element surface
DE19628825A1 (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-01-22 Fag Aircraft Gmbh Roller bearing for use in air and space travel applications

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2431654A (en) * 1944-11-03 1947-11-25 George W White Stock cutting and burnishing tool
US3049788A (en) * 1960-02-26 1962-08-21 Omega Ind Inc Method and apparatus for finishing surfaces
US4299017A (en) * 1979-05-11 1981-11-10 W. Hegenscheidt Gesellschaft Mbh Apparatus for smooth rolling the bearing seats of crankshafts
US5826453A (en) * 1996-12-05 1998-10-27 Lambda Research, Inc. Burnishing method and apparatus for providing a layer of compressive residual stress in the surface of a workpiece
US6415486B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2002-07-09 Surface Technology Holdings, Ltd. Method and apparatus for providing a residual stress distribution in the surface of a part
US6622570B1 (en) * 2000-03-01 2003-09-23 Surface Technology Holdings Ltd. Method for reducing tensile stress zones in the surface of a part

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060207306A1 (en) * 2003-05-05 2006-09-21 Ab Skf Method for treating the surface of a machine element
US7389666B2 (en) * 2003-05-05 2008-06-24 Ab Skf Method for treating the surface of a machine element
US20050102837A1 (en) * 2003-10-14 2005-05-19 Aktiebolaget Skf Method for manufacturing rolling contact surfaces
US7543385B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2009-06-09 Aktiebolaget Skf Method for manufacturing rolling contact surfaces
US9216329B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2015-12-22 Acushnet Company Golf club groove configuration
US9522312B2 (en) 2003-12-12 2016-12-20 Acushnet Company Golf club groove configuration
US20090313806A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2009-12-24 Gilbert Peter J Golf club groove configuration
US8752271B2 (en) * 2004-07-30 2014-06-17 Acushnet Company Golf club groove configuration
US20080176093A1 (en) * 2007-01-24 2008-07-24 Infinitrak L.L.C. Powdered Metal Variator Components
US8152687B2 (en) * 2007-01-24 2012-04-10 Torotrack (Development) Limited Powdered metal variator components
US9850998B2 (en) 2007-01-24 2017-12-26 Torotrak (Development) Limited Powered metal variator components
US11421732B2 (en) 2017-11-24 2022-08-23 Ntn Corporation Rolling component, bearing, and method of manufacturing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20020082897A (en) 2002-10-31
JP2003528272A (en) 2003-09-24
EP1282783A1 (en) 2003-02-12
AU2001246940A1 (en) 2001-10-03
WO2001071208A1 (en) 2001-09-27
NL1014723C2 (en) 2001-09-25
CN1418292A (en) 2003-05-14

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AS Assignment

Owner name: SKF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH CENTRE B.V., NETHERLAND

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:LUGT, PIETER MARTIN;TRIPP, JOHN HOWARD;VOS, RINKE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:013235/0013

Effective date: 20021101

AS Assignment

Owner name: SKF ENGINEERING & RESEARCH CENTRE B.V., NETHERLAND

Free format text: CORRECTIVE ASSIGNMENT TO CORRECT TWO ASSIGNORS LAST NAME, PREVIOUSLY RECORDED AT REEL 013235 FRAME 0013;ASSIGNORS:LUGT, PIETER MARTIN;TRIPP, JOHN HOWARD;VOS, RINKE;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:014157/0086

Effective date: 20021101

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION