JP2004116766A - Method of manufacturing rolling sliding member, rolling sliding member obtained by the method and anti-friction bearing using the same - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing rolling sliding member, rolling sliding member obtained by the method and anti-friction bearing using the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004116766A
JP2004116766A JP2002285268A JP2002285268A JP2004116766A JP 2004116766 A JP2004116766 A JP 2004116766A JP 2002285268 A JP2002285268 A JP 2002285268A JP 2002285268 A JP2002285268 A JP 2002285268A JP 2004116766 A JP2004116766 A JP 2004116766A
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Japan
Prior art keywords
rolling
contact
sliding member
minute
rolling sliding
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JP2002285268A
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Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeshi Mikami
三上 剛
Hisashi Harada
原田 久
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Koyo Seiko Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002285268A priority Critical patent/JP2004116766A/en
Publication of JP2004116766A publication Critical patent/JP2004116766A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64Special methods of manufacture
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • F16C33/6637Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
    • F16C33/664Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
    • F16C33/6651Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing in recesses or cavities provided in retainers, races or rolling elements

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of easily manufacturing a rolling sliding member with a long life capable of keeping a stable oil film with a thickness sufficient to avoid direct contact with an opposite member for a long time even under a severe lubrication condition. <P>SOLUTION: There is provided a method of manufacturing the rolling sliding member made of an alloyed steel which gets into relatively rolling and/or sliding contact with the opposite member and has a plurality of minute recesses 14 formed in its contact face. An intermediate material 11 made of the alloyed steel and formed into a specified shape is made in advance, and then the material 11 is roll-vanished by using a working body 13 for roller vanishing work with a plurality of minute protrusions 12 on its surface so as to form the minute recesses 14 on the contact face getting into contact with the opposite member as well as finishing part where no recesses 14 are formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、転がり軸受やカムフォロアローラ等の構成部材のように相手部材との間で転がり接触若しくは滑り接触または両接触が生ずる転がり摺動部材を製造する方法およびそれにより得られた転がり摺動部材、並びにそれを用いた転がり軸受に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、転がり軸受等は、繰り返し荷重がかかるために寿命が短いという問題がある。この問題に対して、本発明者らは、転がり軸受等の製造における仕上げ加工として表面塑性加工の一種であるローラバニシング加工を採用し、軌道面(相手部材との接触面に相当)に残留圧縮応力を付与するとともに硬度を高くすることで内部起点剥離を特に防止する技術を提案し、既に出願している(特願2002−138970号、平成14年5月14日出願)。
【0003】
ところで、潤滑条件が悪い環境(潤滑油粘度が低い環境、高温環境等)で使用される転がり軸受は、相手部材との接触面間に安定した充分な厚さの油膜が形成され難いために表面起点剥離が生じ、長期にわたって使用するのが難しいという問題がある。この問題に対して、▲1▼相手部材との接触面に対しバレル加工を施して複数の微小凹部を形成する方策(特許文献1参照)や、▲2▼相手部材との接触面に対しショットブラスト処理を施した後バレル加工を施して複数の微小凹部を形成する方策(特許文献2参照)や、平滑ブロックの表面に電着した砥粒によって複数の微小凹部を形成する方策(特許文献3参照)等が提案されている。このような複数の微小凹部の存在により、潤滑油の保持性が高まり、安定した充分な厚さの油膜が形成されるので、相手部材との直接接触を防止でき、その結果として表面起点剥離を防止することができる。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平5−239550号公報(第3頁)
【特許文献2】
特開平8−232964号公報(第2頁)
【特許文献3】
特開平6−99316号公報(第2頁)
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記▲1▼の方策では、ドラム中に被加工体と研磨材とを入れて回転させるというバレル加工を採用しているので、微小凹部の形状や大きさを制御しにくいうえ、それら微小凹部の分布についても制御しにくいという問題がある。すなわち、バレル加工によると微小凹部は被加工体と研磨材とのランダムな接触により形成されるので、微小凹部同士がつながった状態で形成されたり、ある部分には多数の微小凹部が形成されているが他の部分には少数の微小凹部しか形成されていなかったりするということが起こりうるからである。そのため、安定した油膜を長期にわたって維持するのが難しいという問題がある。
また、上記▲2▼の方策では、上記▲1▼の問題点である微小凹部の形状、大きさ、分布の制御に関してある程度は改善されているものの、結局はバレル加工を用いているので、より高度な制御を実現できておらず、近年の長寿命化要求に必ずしも充分に対応できているとはいえない。
さらに、上記▲3▼の方策では、砥粒による微小凹部の形成の際に、その微小凹部の周囲に盛り上がった部分が形成されてしまい、それを除去するために別途仕上げ加工が必要になるという問題がある。
【0006】
本発明はこのような事情に鑑みなされたものであり、潤滑条件の悪い環境下であっても、相手部材との直接接触が生じない安定した充分な厚さの油膜を長期にわたって維持することができる長寿命な転がり摺動部材を簡単に製造することができる方法、およびそれにより得られた転がり摺動部材、並びにそれを用いた転がり軸受の提供をその目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の転がり摺動部材の製造方法は、相手部材との間で相対的に転がり接触若しくは滑り接触または両接触を含む接触が生じ、その接触面に複数の微小凹部が形成されてなる合金鋼製の転がり摺動部材を製造する方法であって、予め所定形状に形成された合金鋼からなる中間素材を作製しておき、この中間素材に対し、表面に複数の微小凸部が形成されてなるローラバニシング加工用の加工体を用いてローラバニシング加工を施すことにより、前記相手部材との接触面に微小凹部を形成するとともに、それら微小凹部が形成されてない部分を仕上げることを特徴としている(請求項1)。
【0008】
上記の製造方法によれば、複数の微小凸部が形成されてなるローラバニシング加工用の加工体を用いてローラバニシング加工を行っているので、相手部材との接触面に微小凹部を形成すると同時に、その微小凹部が形成されていない部分を仕上げすることができる。よって、微小凹部形成後に別途仕上げ加工を行う必要がなくなる。また、接触面の微小凹部は加工体表面の微小凸部の転写により形成されるので、微小凹部の形状、大きさ、分布をより高度に制御することができる。したがって、潤滑条件の悪い環境下であっても安定した充分な厚みの油膜を長期にわたって維持することが可能な転がり摺動部材を簡単に製造することができる。そして、本発明の製造方法は、ローラバニシング加工は回転可能に保持された加工体(ローラ、ボール)の多方向への回転を利用して被加工体の表面を塑性加工する処理であるから表面を鏡面仕上げするために用いられるものである、という技術常識を打破してなされたものであり、上記したような優れた効果を奏する。
【0009】
本発明の転がり摺動部材は、相手部材との間で相対的に転がり接触若しくは滑り接触または両接触を含む接触が生じ、その接触面に複数の微小凹部が形成されてなる合金鋼製の転がり摺動部材であって、前記微小凹部がローラバニシング加工用の加工体の表面に設けられた複数の微小凸部によって形成されてなることを特徴としている(請求項2)。
【0010】
上記の転がり摺動部材によれば、相手部材との接触面に形成された複数の微小凹部が加工体表面の複数の微小凸部によって形成されているので、微小凹部の形状、大きさ、分布が高度に制御されたものである。すなわち、微小凹部が均一に分散した状態で形成されたものである。よって、従来品と比べ、微小凹部に起因する油膜形成能力がより高いものとなり相手面との直接接触を抑制できるため、表面起点剥離をより防止できるものとなる。また、ローラバニシング加工が施されているので、表面近傍に残留圧縮応力が付与されるとともに加工部分の硬度が高まる結果、内部起点剥離を防止したものとなる。したがって、潤滑条件の悪い環境下においても長期にわたって使用することができる転がり摺動部材を提供できる。
【0011】
上記の転がり摺動部材において、前記微小凹部は、その深さが1〜3μmの範囲内で、かつ寸法が20〜80μmの範囲内であることが好ましい(請求項3)。このような微小凹部によって、相手部材との接触面間に充分な潤滑油が保持されるので、特に安定した充分な厚さの油膜が形成される。ここで、微小凹部の深さとは、最も深い部分を基準として測定される値をいい、また微小凹部の寸法とは、接触面に形成される形状において最も直線距離が長い部分を基準として測定される値をいう。そして、微小凹部の寸法の好ましい範囲としては、相手部材との接触部が楕円形状の場合(例えば、玉と軌道の接触の場合)は、当該楕円の短径の1/10〜短径(10/10)である。
【0012】
また、上記の転がり摺動部材において、前記微小凹部は、楕円形状であり、かつその長径方向が転がりまたは滑り方向と直交する方向と同一であることが好ましい(請求項4)。このような状態で微小凹部が分散していると、潤滑油の保持性が高まるので、特に安定した充分な厚さの油膜が形成される。
【0013】
さらに、上記の転がり摺動部材において、前記相手部材との接触面から少なくとも0.15mm深さにおける硬さがHv800以上であることが好ましい(請求項5)。これにより、特に内部起点剥離を防止できる結果、上記した表面起点剥離防止効果と相まって、より長寿命な転がり摺動部材となる。
【0014】
また、上記の転がり摺動部材において、前記相手部材との接触面から少なくとも0.15mm深さにおける残留圧縮応力が800MPa以上であることが好ましい(請求項6)。これにより、特に内部起点剥離が防止できる結果、上記した表面起点剥離防止効果と相まって、より長寿命な転がり摺動部材を提供できる。
【0015】
本発明の転がり軸受は、上記した転がり摺動部材を内輪、外輪および転動体のうちの少なくとも1つとして用いてなることを特徴としている(請求項7)。このような転がり軸受によれば、特に疲労強度が要求される内輪、外輪、転動体として前記した長寿命な転がり摺動部材を用いているので、長期にわたって使用することが可能な転がり軸受となる。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面に基づいて説明する。
本発明の転がり摺動部材は、例えば、図1および図2に示すように、軸受鋼からなるものであり、相手部材との接触面1には、多数の楕円形状の微小凹部2が均一に分散された状態で形成されている。なお、微小凹部2が形成されていない部分は、表面粗さRzが0.2μm以下の平滑面になっている。
【0017】
楕円形状の微小凹部2は、その深さが1〜3μmの範囲内で、かつその長径が20〜80μmの範囲内に形成されている。より好ましくは、深さが1〜2μmの範囲内で、かつ長径が20〜50μmの範囲内である。また、楕円形状の微小凹部2は、その長径方向が相手部材と相対的に転がりまたは滑りが生ずる方向と直交する方向と同一の方向となるように形成されている。このように上記した大きさの楕円形状の微小凹部2が上記した方向にそろった状態で形成されていることにより、相手部材との直接接触が生じ難い非常に安定した充分な厚さの油膜を形成することができる。
なお、接触面1における微小凹部2の存在割合(密度、単位面積あたりの個数等)は、用途や潤滑油の種類等に応じて適宜に設定される。例えば、微小凹部2の寸法により異なるが、通常、30〜200個/mmが好ましく、特に好ましくは30〜80個/mmである。
【0018】
そして、相手部材との接触面1から少なくとも0.15mmの深さにおける硬さがHv800以上、より好ましくは少なくとも0.2mmの深さにおいても800以上に設定されている。また、相手部材との接触面1から少なくとも0.15mmの深さにおける残留圧縮応力が800MPa以上、より好ましくは少なくとも0.2mmの深さにおいても800MPa以上に設定されている。このように相手部材との接触面1から特定の深さの硬さや残留圧縮応力が特定の範囲に設定されていると、特に疲労強度が高くなるので、非常に内部起点剥離が生じにくく、より劣悪な潤滑環境下でも長寿命な転がり摺動部材となる。
【0019】
このような転がり摺動部材は、例えばつぎのようにして製造することができる。まず、図3に示すように、軸受鋼からなる素材に対し、公知の鍛造、旋削、熱処理等の各処理を施して、所定形状に形成された中間素材11を作製する。ついで、図4に示すように、この中間素材11に対し、複数の微小凸部12を有し、それ以外の部分が平滑に仕上げされたセラミックス製のローラ13を強圧で押しつけながら転がり接触させることにより、ローラバニシング加工を施す。これにより、中間素材11の表面にローラ13の微小凸部12がくい込み転写されて微小凹部14が形成されると同時に、その微小凹部14が形成されない部分は平滑になる。また、ローラバニシング加工により、表面から0.15mmの深さにおける残留圧縮応力が800MPa以上付与されるとともに、硬さがHv800以上となるので、疲労強度が高いものとなる。このようにして、上記した転がり摺動部材を製造することができる。
【0020】
(その他の事項)
上記では、微小凹部の形状として楕円形状のものを説明したが、本発明はこれに限定するものではなく、円形状、長方形形状等であってもよい。
また、ローラバニシング加工用の加工体として、ローラを用いたが、これに限定するものではなく、球状のボールを用いてもよい。また、材質として、セラミックスに限定するものではなく、加工する中間素材11の表面よりも硬いものであればよく、例えば、高硬度の鋼であってもよい。さらに、微小凸部は加工体表面に接着されたものでもよいが、微小凸部の剥離等を考慮して、一体的に形成されているものが好適である。
さらに、上記では、転がり摺動部材の材料として軸受鋼を用いたが、これに限定するものではなく、肌焼き鋼等のその他の合金鋼を用いてもよい。
【0021】
上記した転がり摺動部材は、転がり接触若しくは滑り接触または両接触を含む接触によって寿命に至る各種の部品として用いることができる。例えば、外輪と内輪とその間に配置される転動体とを備えた転がり軸受の内輪、外輪、転動体のうちの少なくとも1つとして用いれば、潤滑環境の悪い環境下で使用される場合であっても、長期にわたって使用することができる転がり軸受を提供できる。
【0022】
つぎに、本発明の実施例について従来例と併せて説明する。
【0023】
(実施例1)
軸受鋼(SUJ2)からなる素材を準備し、公知の鍛造、旋削、熱処理等の各処理を行い、玉軸受(6206)用の内輪素材を作製した。ついで、この内輪素材の軌道面に対し、楕円形状の微小凸部(高さ2μm、長径50μm、短径30μm)を有し、その他の部分が平滑に仕上げられたセラミックス製の球状ボールを用いて、ローラバニシング加工を施した。ここで、処理条件は、ワーク回転数1600rpm、ツール送り0.05mm/rev、液圧40MPa、使用加工液:水溶性エマルジョン、とした。このようにして、玉軸受用の内輪を製造した。なお、この内輪は、その軌道面に、深さ2μm、長径50μm、短径30μmの楕円形状の微小凹部が多数、均一に分散した状態で形成されており(微小凹部の密度42個/mm、千鳥配列を複数並列にした規則正しい配列)、しかもそれぞれの長径が転がり接触または滑り接触が生ずる方向と直交する方向と一致するように形成されていた。また、微小凹部が形成されていない部分は表面粗さ0.15μmであった。また、軌道面から0.15mm深さの硬さがHv840であり、かつ軌道面から0.15mm深さの残留圧縮応力が850MPaであった。
【0024】
(従来例1)
ローラバニシング加工を行わず、内輪素材に対し、砥石を用いた研磨処理、その後にバレル加工を施した他は、実施例1と同様にして、玉軸受(6206)用の内輪を製造した。
【0025】
(従来例2)
ローラバニシング加工を行わず、内輪素材に対し、砥石を用いた研磨処理、その後にショットブラスト処理、さらにバレル加工を施した他は、実施例1と同様にして、玉軸受(6206)用の内輪を製造した。
【0026】
このようにして得られた実施例1および従来例1,2の玉軸受用の内輪を用いて、つぎのような寿命試験を行った。すなわち、各内輪を、JIS SUJ2からなりかつ通常の浸炭窒化処理が施されてなる外輪および玉とを組み合わせて玉軸受を組み立てた。そして、これらの玉軸受を使用し、潤滑油を用いて寿命試験(L10寿命試験)を行った。

Figure 2004116766
なお、油膜パラメータΛとは、油膜厚さhと表面粗さσとの比として表されるもの(Λ=h/σ)である。
また、上記した試験機は、同時に2個の玉軸受の試験を行うことが可能であり、上記のラジアル荷重は、1つの玉軸受のラジアル荷重を意味する。
また、試験方法は、試験機に同じ内輪を備えた玉軸受を2個セットし、いずれかの玉軸受の内輪が破損するまでの時間を計測するという試験を5回繰り返し、破損までの時間の平均をとったものである。
【0027】
上記の寿命試験の結果、実施例1の玉軸受のL10寿命は、従来例1、2の玉軸受のそれに対し、2倍以上長かった。したがって、ローラバニシング加工によって微小凹部を形成したもの(実施例1)は、潤滑条件の悪い条件(Λ:0.7〜0.8)でも、バレル加工によるもの(従来例1)、ショットブラスト処理とバレル加工によるもの(従来例2)に比べ、安定した充分な厚さの油膜が長期にわたって維持され、より長寿命化を実現したものであると考えられる。
【0028】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、請求項1記載の転がり摺動部材の製造方法によれば、相手部材との接触面に微小凹部を形成すると同時にその微小凹部が形成されていない部分を平滑にすることができるので、安定した充分な厚さの油膜を長期にわたって維持することが可能な転がり摺動部材を簡単に製造することができる。
【0029】
請求項2に記載の転がり摺動部材によれば、微小凹部の形状、大きさ、分布が高度に制御されているので、従来品と比べ、安定した充分な厚さの油膜を形成することが可能となる。よって、油膜パラメータが小さいような潤滑条件が悪い環境下であっても長期にわたって使用することができる転がり摺動部材を提供することができる。
【0030】
上記の転がり摺動部材において、前記微小凹部がその深さが1〜3μmの範囲内で、かつ寸法が20〜80μmの範囲内である場合には、微小凹部に保持される潤滑油が適度となるので、特に良好な油膜が形成される。また、前記微小凹部が楕円形状であり、かつその長径方向が転がりまたは滑り方向と直交する方向と同一である場合には、潤滑油が特に流れにくくなるので、特に良好な油膜が形成される。また、前記相手部材との接触面から少なくとも0.15mm深さにおける硬さがHv800以上である場合、あるいは前記相手部材との接触面から少なくとも0.15mm深さにおける残留圧縮応力が800MPa以上である場合には、特に内部起点剥離を防止できる結果、上記した表面起点剥離防止効果と相まって、より長寿命な転がり摺動部材となる。
【0031】
請求項7に記載の転がり軸受によれば、特に疲労強度が要求される内輪、外輪、転動体として前記した長寿命な転がり摺動部材を用いているので、長期にわたって使用することが可能な転がり軸受となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の転がり摺動部材の一例を模式的に示す斜視図である。
【図2】図1に示す転がり摺動部材の破線Aで囲まれた部分の拡大図である。
【図3】本発明の転がり摺動部材の製造方法の一例を説明するための模式的な斜視図である。
【図4】本発明の転がり摺動部材の製造方法の一例を説明するための模式的な断面図である。
【符号の説明】
11 中間素材
12 微小凸部
13 セラミックス製のローラ
14 微小凹部[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rolling sliding member in which rolling contact or sliding contact or both contact occurs with a mating member, such as a component such as a rolling bearing or a cam follower roller, and a rolling sliding member obtained by the method. , And a rolling bearing using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, rolling bearings and the like have a problem that their life is short due to repeated loading. In response to this problem, the present inventors have adopted roller burnishing, which is a type of surface plastic working, as a finishing process in the manufacture of rolling bearings and the like, and have a residual compression on a raceway surface (corresponding to a contact surface with a mating member). A technique for preventing internal separation at the starting point by applying stress and increasing hardness has been proposed and has already been filed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-138970, filed on May 14, 2002).
[0003]
By the way, rolling bearings used in an environment with poor lubrication conditions (low lubricating oil viscosity, high temperature environment, etc.) are difficult to form a stable and sufficiently thick oil film between the contact surfaces with the mating member. There is a problem that starting point peeling occurs and it is difficult to use for a long time. To solve this problem, (1) a method of forming a plurality of minute concave portions by performing barrel processing on the contact surface with the mating member (see Patent Document 1) or A method of forming a plurality of minute recesses by performing barrel processing after blasting (see Patent Document 2) or a method of forming a plurality of minute recesses by abrasive grains electrodeposited on the surface of a smooth block (Patent Document 3) See, for example). Due to the presence of such a plurality of minute recesses, the retention of lubricating oil is enhanced, and a stable and sufficient oil film is formed, so that direct contact with the mating member can be prevented, and as a result, surface starting point peeling can be prevented. Can be prevented.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-239550 (page 3)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-8-232964 (page 2)
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-6-99316 (page 2)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above method (1) employs barrel processing in which a workpiece and an abrasive are put in a drum and rotated, so that it is difficult to control the shape and size of the minute concave portions, and the minute concave portions are difficult to control. There is a problem that it is difficult to control the distribution of the concave portions. That is, according to the barrel processing, since the minute concave portions are formed by random contact between the workpiece and the abrasive, the minute concave portions are formed in a connected state, or a large number of minute concave portions are formed in a certain portion. However, it is possible that only a small number of minute concave portions are formed in other portions. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to maintain a stable oil film for a long time.
In the above method (2), although the control of the shape, size and distribution of the minute concave portions, which is a problem of the above (1), is improved to some extent, after all, barrel processing is used. Advanced control has not been realized, and it cannot always be said that it has not always sufficiently responded to the demand for longer life in recent years.
Furthermore, according to the above method (3), when forming the minute concave portion by the abrasive grains, a raised portion is formed around the minute concave portion, and it is necessary to perform a finishing process separately in order to remove the raised portion. There's a problem.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even in an environment with poor lubrication conditions, it is possible to maintain a stable and sufficiently thick oil film that does not cause direct contact with a mating member for a long period of time. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for easily manufacturing a long-life rolling sliding member that can be manufactured, a rolling sliding member obtained by the method, and a rolling bearing using the same.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The method for manufacturing a rolling sliding member according to the present invention is directed to an alloy steel in which a rolling contact, a sliding contact, or a contact including both contacts occurs relatively with a mating member, and a plurality of minute concave portions are formed on the contact surface. A method of manufacturing a rolling sliding member made of an alloy steel, which is made of an alloy steel formed in a predetermined shape in advance, and a plurality of minute projections are formed on the surface of the intermediate material. By performing roller burnishing using a processing body for roller burnishing, a minute concave portion is formed on a contact surface with the counterpart member, and a portion where the minute concave portion is not formed is finished. (Claim 1).
[0008]
According to the above manufacturing method, roller burnishing is performed using a roller burnishing processing body in which a plurality of minute protrusions are formed, so that a minute recess is formed on a contact surface with a partner member at the same time. Thus, a portion where the minute concave portion is not formed can be finished. Therefore, there is no need to separately perform finishing after forming the minute concave portion. Further, since the minute concave portion on the contact surface is formed by transferring the minute convex portion on the surface of the workpiece, the shape, size, and distribution of the minute concave portion can be controlled more highly. Therefore, it is possible to easily manufacture a rolling sliding member that can maintain a stable and sufficient oil film for a long period of time even under an environment with poor lubrication conditions. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention, the roller burnishing process is a process of plastically processing the surface of the workpiece using the rotation of the workpiece (roller, ball) rotatably held in multiple directions. This is a breakthrough of the common technical knowledge that it is used for mirror-finishing, and has the above-described excellent effects.
[0009]
The rolling sliding member of the present invention is a rolling member made of alloy steel in which a rolling contact or a sliding contact or a contact including both contacts occurs relatively with a mating member, and a plurality of minute concave portions are formed on the contact surface. A sliding member, wherein the minute concave portion is formed by a plurality of minute convex portions provided on a surface of a workpiece for roller burnishing.
[0010]
According to the above-mentioned rolling sliding member, since the plurality of minute recesses formed on the contact surface with the counterpart member are formed by the plurality of minute projections on the surface of the workpiece, the shape, size, distribution of the minute recesses Is highly controlled. That is, the micro concave portions are formed in a state of being uniformly dispersed. Therefore, the ability to form an oil film due to the minute concave portions is higher than that of the conventional product, and direct contact with the mating surface can be suppressed, so that surface starting point peeling can be further prevented. Further, since the roller burnishing is performed, residual compressive stress is applied to the vicinity of the surface, and the hardness of the processed portion is increased. As a result, peeling of the internal starting point is prevented. Therefore, it is possible to provide a rolling sliding member that can be used for a long period of time even in an environment with poor lubrication conditions.
[0011]
In the above-mentioned rolling sliding member, it is preferable that the minute recess has a depth within a range of 1 to 3 μm and a size within a range of 20 to 80 μm (claim 3). Such a minute recess holds a sufficient amount of lubricating oil between the contact surfaces with the mating member, so that a particularly stable oil film having a sufficient thickness is formed. Here, the depth of the minute recess refers to a value measured on the basis of the deepest part, and the dimension of the minute recess is measured on the basis of the longest linear distance in the shape formed on the contact surface. Value. As a preferable range of the size of the minute concave portion, when the contact portion with the counterpart member has an elliptical shape (for example, in the case of contact between the ball and the orbit), 1/10 to the minor diameter (10 / 10).
[0012]
In the above-mentioned rolling sliding member, it is preferable that the minute concave portion has an elliptical shape, and a major axis direction thereof is the same as a direction orthogonal to a rolling or sliding direction (claim 4). When the minute concave portions are dispersed in such a state, the retention of the lubricating oil is enhanced, so that a particularly stable oil film having a sufficient thickness is formed.
[0013]
Further, in the above-mentioned rolling sliding member, it is preferable that the hardness at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from the contact surface with the counterpart member is Hv800 or more (Claim 5). As a result, in particular, the separation from the internal starting point can be prevented. As a result, the rolling sliding member having a longer life can be obtained in combination with the above-described effect of preventing the starting point from the surface.
[0014]
Further, in the above-mentioned rolling sliding member, it is preferable that a residual compressive stress at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from a contact surface with the counterpart member is 800 MPa or more (Claim 6). As a result, in particular, the separation from the internal starting point can be prevented, and the rolling sliding member having a longer life can be provided in combination with the above-described effect of preventing the starting point from separating from the surface.
[0015]
The rolling bearing of the present invention is characterized in that the above-mentioned rolling sliding member is used as at least one of an inner ring, an outer ring and a rolling element (claim 7). According to such a rolling bearing, since the above-described long-life rolling sliding member is used as the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rolling element particularly requiring fatigue strength, the rolling bearing can be used for a long time. .
[0016]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The rolling sliding member of the present invention is made of, for example, bearing steel as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a large number of elliptical minute concave portions 2 are uniformly formed on a contact surface 1 with a mating member. It is formed in a dispersed state. The portion where the minute concave portion 2 is not formed is a smooth surface having a surface roughness Rz of 0.2 μm or less.
[0017]
The elliptical minute concave portion 2 is formed to have a depth within a range of 1 to 3 μm and a major axis within a range of 20 to 80 μm. More preferably, the depth is in the range of 1 to 2 μm, and the major axis is in the range of 20 to 50 μm. Further, the elliptical minute concave portion 2 is formed such that the major axis direction thereof is the same as the direction orthogonal to the direction in which rolling or slipping occurs relatively to the mating member. As described above, since the elliptical minute concave portions 2 having the above-mentioned size are formed so as to be aligned in the above-described direction, an extremely stable and sufficiently thick oil film which is unlikely to directly contact with the mating member is formed. Can be formed.
The proportion (density, number per unit area, etc.) of the minute recesses 2 on the contact surface 1 is appropriately set according to the use, the type of lubricating oil, and the like. For example, although different by the dimensions of the minute recesses 2, usually, preferably 30 to 200 pieces / mm 2, particularly preferably 30 to 80 pieces / mm 2.
[0018]
The hardness at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from the contact surface 1 with the mating member is set to Hv800 or more, more preferably 800 or more even at a depth of at least 0.2 mm. Further, the residual compressive stress at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from the contact surface 1 with the mating member is set to 800 MPa or more, more preferably 800 MPa or more even at a depth of at least 0.2 mm. When the hardness and the residual compressive stress at a specific depth from the contact surface 1 with the mating member are set in a specific range as described above, the fatigue strength is particularly high, so that the internal origin peeling is very unlikely to occur. It becomes a long-life rolling sliding member even in a poor lubrication environment.
[0019]
Such a rolling sliding member can be manufactured, for example, as follows. First, as shown in FIG. 3, a known material such as forging, turning, and heat treatment is applied to a material made of bearing steel to produce an intermediate material 11 having a predetermined shape. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a ceramic roller 13 having a plurality of minute projections 12 and having the other parts finished smoothly is brought into rolling contact with the intermediate material 11 while being pressed with high pressure. Performs a roller burnishing process. As a result, the minute projections 12 of the roller 13 are transferred to the surface of the intermediate material 11 to form the minute depressions 14, and at the same time, the portions where the minute depressions 14 are not formed become smooth. Further, the roller burnishing process gives a residual compressive stress of 800 MPa or more at a depth of 0.15 mm from the surface and a hardness of 800 or more Hv, so that the fatigue strength is high. Thus, the above-mentioned rolling sliding member can be manufactured.
[0020]
(Other matters)
In the above description, an elliptical shape is described as the shape of the minute concave portion. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be a circular shape, a rectangular shape, or the like.
Further, although a roller is used as a processed body for roller burnishing, the present invention is not limited to this, and a spherical ball may be used. In addition, the material is not limited to ceramics, and may be any material as long as it is harder than the surface of the intermediate material 11 to be processed. For example, high hardness steel may be used. Further, the minute projections may be bonded to the surface of the workpiece, but are preferably integrally formed in consideration of the separation of the minute projections.
Furthermore, in the above, the bearing steel was used as the material of the rolling sliding member, but the invention is not limited to this, and other alloy steels such as case hardened steel may be used.
[0021]
The above-mentioned rolling sliding member can be used as various parts whose life is extended by contact including rolling contact, sliding contact, or both contact. For example, if it is used as at least one of an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element of a rolling bearing having an outer ring, an inner ring, and a rolling element disposed therebetween, the rolling bearing may be used in an environment with poor lubrication environment. In addition, a rolling bearing that can be used for a long time can be provided.
[0022]
Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described together with a conventional example.
[0023]
(Example 1)
A raw material made of bearing steel (SUJ2) was prepared and subjected to known processes such as forging, turning, and heat treatment to produce an inner race material for a ball bearing (6206). Then, a spherical ball made of ceramics having fine convex portions of an elliptical shape (height: 2 μm, major axis: 50 μm, minor axis: 30 μm), and other parts smoothed to the raceway surface of the inner ring material was used. And a roller burnishing process. Here, the processing conditions were as follows: workpiece rotation speed 1600 rpm, tool feed 0.05 mm / rev, hydraulic pressure 40 MPa, working fluid used: water-soluble emulsion. Thus, an inner ring for a ball bearing was manufactured. This inner ring is formed on its raceway surface with a large number of elliptical minute recesses having a depth of 2 μm, a major axis of 50 μm, and a minor axis of 30 μm, which are uniformly dispersed (density of minute recesses: 42 / mm 2). , A regular arrangement in which a plurality of staggered arrangements are arranged in parallel), and each major axis is formed so as to coincide with a direction orthogonal to the direction in which rolling contact or sliding contact occurs. Further, the portion where no minute concave portion was formed had a surface roughness of 0.15 μm. The hardness at a depth of 0.15 mm from the raceway surface was Hv840, and the residual compressive stress at a depth of 0.15 mm from the raceway surface was 850 MPa.
[0024]
(Conventional example 1)
An inner ring for a ball bearing (6206) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the inner ring material was polished using a grindstone and then subjected to barrel processing without performing roller burnishing.
[0025]
(Conventional example 2)
An inner ring for a ball bearing (6206) was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the inner ring material was polished using a grindstone, then shot blasted, and further subjected to barrel processing without performing roller burnishing. Was manufactured.
[0026]
Using the inner rings for ball bearings of Example 1 and Conventional Examples 1 and 2 obtained as described above, the following life tests were performed. That is, a ball bearing was assembled by combining each inner ring with an outer ring and balls made of JIS SUJ2 and subjected to normal carbonitriding. A life test (L10 life test) was performed using these ball bearings and lubricating oil.
Figure 2004116766
Note that the oil film parameter も の is expressed as a ratio of the oil film thickness h to the surface roughness σ (Λ = h / σ).
Further, the above-described testing machine can simultaneously perform a test of two ball bearings, and the above-mentioned radial load means a radial load of one ball bearing.
In addition, the test method is such that two ball bearings having the same inner ring are set in a testing machine, and a test of measuring the time until the inner ring of one of the ball bearings is damaged is repeated five times. It is an average.
[0027]
As a result of the above life test, the L10 life of the ball bearing of Example 1 was at least twice as long as that of the ball bearings of Conventional Examples 1 and 2. Therefore, the micro concave portion formed by roller burnishing (Example 1) is obtained by barrel processing (Conventional Example 1) even when the lubrication condition is poor (0.7: 0.7 to 0.8). It is considered that a stable and sufficiently thick oil film is maintained for a long period of time and a longer life is realized as compared with the one obtained by barrel processing (conventional example 2).
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the method for manufacturing a rolling sliding member according to the first aspect, it is possible to form a minute concave portion on a contact surface with a counterpart member and at the same time, smooth a portion where the minute concave portion is not formed. Therefore, a rolling sliding member capable of maintaining a stable and sufficient oil film for a long period of time can be easily manufactured.
[0029]
According to the rolling sliding member of the second aspect, since the shape, size, and distribution of the minute concave portions are highly controlled, it is possible to form a stable and sufficient oil film in comparison with the conventional product. It becomes possible. Therefore, it is possible to provide a rolling sliding member that can be used for a long period of time even in an environment where lubrication conditions are poor such that oil film parameters are small.
[0030]
In the above-mentioned rolling sliding member, when the minute concave portion has a depth within a range of 1 to 3 μm and a size within a range of 20 to 80 μm, the lubricating oil held in the minute concave portion is moderate. , A particularly good oil film is formed. Further, when the minute concave portion has an elliptical shape and its major axis direction is the same as the direction orthogonal to the rolling or sliding direction, the lubricating oil becomes particularly difficult to flow, so that a particularly good oil film is formed. When the hardness at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from the contact surface with the counterpart member is Hv800 or more, or the residual compressive stress at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from the contact surface with the counterpart member is 800 MPa or more. In this case, in particular, as a result of being able to prevent the internal origin peeling, a rolling sliding member having a longer life is obtained in combination with the above-mentioned surface origin peeling prevention effect.
[0031]
According to the rolling bearing according to claim 7, since the long-life rolling sliding member is used as the inner ring, the outer ring, and the rolling element particularly requiring the fatigue strength, the rolling can be used for a long period of time. It becomes a bearing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing one example of a rolling sliding member of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion surrounded by a broken line A of the rolling sliding member shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view for explaining an example of a method for manufacturing a rolling sliding member of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view for explaining an example of the method for manufacturing a rolling sliding member of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 11 intermediate material 12 minute protrusion 13 roller made of ceramic 14 minute recess

Claims (7)

相手部材との間で相対的に転がり接触若しくは滑り接触または両接触を含む接触が生じ、その接触面に複数の微小凹部が形成されてなる合金鋼製の転がり摺動部材を製造する方法であって、予め所定形状に形成された合金鋼からなる中間素材を作製しておき、この中間素材に対し、表面に複数の微小凸部が形成されてなるローラバニシング加工用の加工体を用いてローラバニシング加工を施すことにより、前記相手部材との接触面に複数の微小凹部を形成するとともに、それら微小凹部が形成されていない部分を仕上げることを特徴とする転がり摺動部材の製造方法。A method for producing a rolling contact member made of alloy steel having a plurality of minute recesses formed on a contact surface of the contact member, in which a contact including a rolling contact, a sliding contact, or both contacts is relatively generated. Then, an intermediate material made of an alloy steel formed in a predetermined shape is prepared in advance, and a roller is formed on the intermediate material using a roller burnishing processing body having a plurality of minute projections formed on a surface thereof. A method for manufacturing a rolling sliding member, wherein a plurality of minute concave portions are formed on a contact surface with the counterpart member by performing burnishing, and a portion where the minute concave portions are not formed is finished. 相手部材との間で相対的に転がり接触若しくは滑り接触または両接触を含む接触が生じ、その接触面に複数の微小凹部が形成されてなる合金鋼製の転がり摺動部材であって、前記複数の微小凹部がローラバニシング加工用の加工体の表面に設けられた複数の微小凸部によって形成されてなることを特徴とする転がり摺動部材。A rolling contact member including a rolling contact or a sliding contact or a contact including both contacts is relatively generated between a mating member and a plurality of minute concave portions formed on a contact surface of the contact sliding member. A rolling sliding member, characterized in that the minute concave portion is formed by a plurality of minute convex portions provided on the surface of a processed body for roller burnishing. 前記微小凹部は、その深さが1〜3μmの範囲内で、かつ寸法が20〜80μmの範囲内である請求項2記載の転がり摺動部材。The rolling sliding member according to claim 2, wherein the minute recess has a depth within a range of 1 to 3 μm and a size within a range of 20 to 80 μm. 前記微小凹部は、楕円形状であり、かつその長径方向が転がりまたは滑り方向と直交する方向と同一である請求項2または3記載の転がり摺動部材。The rolling sliding member according to claim 2, wherein the minute concave portion has an elliptical shape, and a major axis direction thereof is the same as a direction orthogonal to a rolling or sliding direction. 前記相手部材との接触面から少なくとも0.15mm深さにおける硬さがHv800以上である請求項2〜4のいずれか一項に記載の転がり摺動部材。The rolling sliding member according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein hardness at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from a contact surface with the counterpart member is Hv800 or more. 前記相手部材との接触面から少なくとも0.15mm深さにおける残留圧縮応力が800MPa以上である請求項2〜5のいずれか一項に記載の転がり摺動部材。The rolling sliding member according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein a residual compressive stress at a depth of at least 0.15 mm from a contact surface with the counterpart member is 800 MPa or more. 請求項2〜6のいずれか一項に記載の転がり摺動部材を、内輪、外輪および転動体のうちの少なくとも1つとして用いてなることを特徴とする転がり軸受。A rolling bearing comprising the rolling sliding member according to claim 2 as at least one of an inner ring, an outer ring, and a rolling element.
JP2002285268A 2002-09-30 2002-09-30 Method of manufacturing rolling sliding member, rolling sliding member obtained by the method and anti-friction bearing using the same Pending JP2004116766A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010242840A (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-28 Ntn Corp Clutch unit
JP2012023721A (en) * 2010-06-18 2012-02-02 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd Antenna, semiconductor device, and manufacturing method of antenna
RU2458776C2 (en) * 2010-08-27 2012-08-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Предприятие "Сенсор" Method of making lubing pockets on part surface
JP2013253631A (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-19 Jtekt Corp Method of manufacturing bearing ring of rolling bearing
CN106944906A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-07-14 中国能源建设集团安徽电力建设第工程有限公司 A kind of maintenance all-in-one for steel strand wires derusting rust-proofing

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010242840A (en) * 2009-04-03 2010-10-28 Ntn Corp Clutch unit
JP2012023721A (en) * 2010-06-18 2012-02-02 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd Antenna, semiconductor device, and manufacturing method of antenna
US9111195B2 (en) 2010-06-18 2015-08-18 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Antenna, semiconductor device, and method of manufacturing antenna
RU2458776C2 (en) * 2010-08-27 2012-08-20 Общество С Ограниченной Ответственностью "Предприятие "Сенсор" Method of making lubing pockets on part surface
JP2013253631A (en) * 2012-06-06 2013-12-19 Jtekt Corp Method of manufacturing bearing ring of rolling bearing
CN106944906A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-07-14 中国能源建设集团安徽电力建设第工程有限公司 A kind of maintenance all-in-one for steel strand wires derusting rust-proofing

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