US2002106A - Process for treating vegetable fibers - Google Patents
Process for treating vegetable fibers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2002106A US2002106A US628184A US62818432A US2002106A US 2002106 A US2002106 A US 2002106A US 628184 A US628184 A US 628184A US 62818432 A US62818432 A US 62818432A US 2002106 A US2002106 A US 2002106A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- swelling
- cuprammonium
- solution
- alkali
- grams
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 19
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 30
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 13
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000322338 Loeseliastrum Species 0.000 description 1
- VRDIULHPQTYCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Prothionamide Chemical compound CCCC1=CC(C(N)=S)=CC=N1 VRDIULHPQTYCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005517 mercerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002307 prostate Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010019 resist printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic Table
- D06M11/42—Oxides or hydroxides of copper, silver or gold
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/58—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides
- D06M11/59—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with nitrogen or compounds thereof, e.g. with nitrides with ammonia; with complexes of organic amines with inorganic substances
- D06M11/62—Complexes of metal oxides or complexes of metal salts with ammonia or with organic amines
Definitions
- Patented May 21, 1935 2 002 105 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS FOR TREATING VEGETABLE mans Albert 'Bodmer and Ernst Weiss, Wattwll,
- Valuable efiects can be produced on vegetable that the proc i greatly p v r 1Ihe fibers by the action of cuprammonium solution viewpoint f e n my n P fi and caustic alkali solution in accordance with the
- the novel m od f h pr n invention is 15 procedure of applicants copending application useful for all kinds of vegetable fibrous structures which has now matmed into Patent #1,896,620 as Well as 10058 fi Vegetable fibrous matedated February '7, 1933.
- That process r t upon rial may be submitted to treatment inthe bleached the production of a swelling effect initially prostate or in any other pre-treated condition as well go pokerd in a certain manner upon the fibers with as mercerized- Fibrous Structures consisting of a following treatment thereof whereby alteration Vegetable fibers of Various O s 0 mi d w of the properties of the fibrous structure is proother natural or artificial fibers, can be ennobled cuted. It has now been discovered in accordinthis manner- By the aid of Suitable apparatus ance with thi inv ti th t very'sman mm.
- the same*process can be carried out so that by tion of free lk li sharp1yihoreases t swelling the action of the swelling material the fibrous 25 of the material and cessation of swelling structureis not altered throughout, but the swell- (Entquellung) may be arranged so t the ing occurs only on one side and superficially. nobling effect on t fiber is considerably The action not only of the cuprammonium but proved, 1 ha found also in accordance with also of the alkali lye may be carried on while the thi i ti t t t addition and m fibers are ineither loose or tensioned condition.
- caustic soda is employed as alkali alslble employ dn'ect application by Printing 40 though caustic potash and the hydroxides of the spraying or smattering with or without the use 40 of thickeners as well as to use resist printing accompanied by subsequent dipping in to the swell-
- the cuprammonium solution thus made is ca mg agent
- durable patterns can be pable by itself of ennobhng vegetable fibers and produced by subjecting a previously mercenzed to produce efiects of the kind described in the f b to 1 81 h t d th copendin a lication Ser No 321505 0 P t no o pressmg an en su Jec mg 45 g pp i n w a it to the action of swelling agents in accordance out No.
- solutions of this kind are not capable be obtained with water, dilute acid or dilute alof producing the ennobling efiects above referred kali lye, whereby generally the efiect produced by to because they cause a noticeable solvent action the dilute alkali is stifier, that with dilute acid on the cellulose subjected to swelling so that the 55 rare earth metals are also useful.
- Bleached cretonne fabric of cotton is impreg nated with a cuprammonium solution containing 15 grams of copper and 5 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter and after a short action time of 15 seconds is precipitated by sulfuric acid of 2 B. at 15 C. coincidentally with the acid precipitation the elimination from the fiber of the copper is assured. After calendering the finished fabric exhibits a supple elastic feel resembling linen.
- Mercerized cotton yarn is briefly treated during 15 seconds with a solution of cuprammonium containing 12 grams of copper and 8 grams of potassium hydroxide per liter and immediately thereafter washed with water at 18 C. Elimination of copper is accomplished in the usual way with dilute acid. The finished yarn resembles linen yarn.
- Pre-treated calico fabric is passed for a short time through a cuprammonium solution containing 10 grams of copper and 3 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter, after an air passage of 40 seconds, followed by precipitation by the aid of dilute caustic soda at 4 B. at 20 C. Elimination of copper after the latter treatment is effected in the usual manner. Theresult of the ennobling effect is similar to that in Example 1 except that an increased stiffness is noted.
- Cuprammonium solution comprising 13 grams of copper and 10 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter is caused to act upon a heavy cotton fabric for 20 seconds at 10 0. Immediately thereafter the swollen unwashed fabric is mercerized in the mercerizing machine with the use of concentrated soda lye, followed by-elimination of copper by acidulation and washing. For finishing intense calendering and mangling are applied with the result that the fabric assumes the characteristics of heavy linens.
- a resist-printed fabric is treated according to the procedure in Example 4.
- the fabric exhibits patterning of damask-like nature; the reserve portions of the fabric show unaltered properties, and thus contrast with the other parts that have been subjected to the action of cuprammonium solution.
- Card sliver made of ramie fibers is impregnated with a, solution of cuprammonium containing .14 grams of copper and 4 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter and after a reaction time of 30 seconds then subjected to mercerizing with. soda lye and is de-coppered in the usual manner. After drying there results a lustrous stifi fiber of agglutinated ramie fibers or filaments.
- a method of producing permanent finish effects on vegetable cellulose material which comprises preparing a bath containing cuprammonium and a free alkali metal hydroxide in which the percentage of free alkali does not exceed 1.5%
- Steps in the method of producing permanent finish efiects on vegetable cellulose material consist in preparing a cuprammonium solution containing a free alkali metal hydroxide in which the percentage of free alkali does not exceed 1.5% of the weight of the solution, and subjecting the vegetable cellulose material to said solution.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Patented May 21, 1935 2 002 105 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PROCESS FOR TREATING VEGETABLE mans Albert 'Bodmer and Ernst Weiss, Wattwll,
Switzerland, assignors to Heberlein Patent Coriorition, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New No Drawing. Application August 10, 1932, serial No. 628,184. In Germany March 17, 1932 8 Claims. (Cl. 8-20) This invention relates to a method of treatis softer; whereas the effect produced by water ing vegetable'fibrous material and to the resultlies intermediate these we effects. ing product. If one employs activated cuprammonium solu- The principal object of the invention is to protion (containing a small quantity of free caustic duce an improved permanent finish f uch aalkali) followed by treatment with alkali, .one 5 terial in a simple efilcient manner. Further obtains half stifi or stifi, as well as linen-like objects and advantages of the invention will more effects, which are fied s 1 661 With fully appear from the following description the efiects secured by the process of the copendwherein certain preferred ways of carrying out ing application mentioned. These eifects accord- 10 the invention are set forth. The inventionwillbe ing to the p es p oces are ur d w 10 more particularly pointed out in the appended decreased ammonia consumption, the copper conclaims. tent remaining unchanged, with the consequence Valuable efiects can be produced on vegetable that the proc i greatly p v r 1Ihe fibers by the action of cuprammonium solution viewpoint f e n my n P fi and caustic alkali solution in accordance with the The novel m od f h pr n invention is 15 procedure of applicants copending application useful for all kinds of vegetable fibrous structures which has now matmed into Patent #1,896,620 as Well as 10058 fi Vegetable fibrous matedated February '7, 1933. That process r t upon rial may be submitted to treatment inthe bleached the production of a swelling effect initially prostate or in any other pre-treated condition as well go duced in a certain manner upon the fibers with as mercerized- Fibrous Structures consisting of a following treatment thereof whereby alteration Vegetable fibers of Various O s 0 mi d w of the properties of the fibrous structure is proother natural or artificial fibers, can be ennobled duced. It has now been discovered in accordinthis manner- By the aid of Suitable apparatus ance with thi inv ti th t very'sman mm. the same*process can be carried out so that by tion of free lk li sharp1yihoreases t swelling the action of the swelling material the fibrous 25 of the material and cessation of swelling structureis not altered throughout, but the swell- (Entquellung) may be arranged so t the ing occurs only on one side and superficially. nobling effect on t fiber is considerably The action not only of the cuprammonium but proved, 1 ha found also in accordance with also of the alkali lye may be carried on while the thi i ti t t t addition and m fibers are ineither loose or tensioned condition. 30 tion of th alk l furthermor permits a very The ennobled fibrous structures, owing to their considerable decrease, to about one-half, of the Plastic Properties, are Very adaptable to $3,553 amount of ammonia requiredin the cuprammoniquent mechanical treatment; for instance by um h tio h addition of alkali must be calendering and the like, extraordinarily supple small so that the amount of free alkali contained (geschmeidige) effects are Prduced- 35 in the solution will not exceed 1.5%. In actual By the novel methd here disclosed, it is also practice it is preferable to work with an amount possible to obtain Patemjng by local action of of free alkali hydroxide of 0.54%. For this h swelling this Purpilse it is purpose caustic soda is employed as alkali alslble employ dn'ect application by Printing 40 though caustic potash and the hydroxides of the spraying or smattering with or without the use 40 of thickeners as well as to use resist printing accompanied by subsequent dipping in to the swell- The cuprammonium solution thus made is ca mg agent In addition, durable patterns can be pable by itself of ennobhng vegetable fibers and produced by subiecting a previously mercenzed to produce efiects of the kind described in the f b to 1 81 h t d th copendin a lication Ser No 321505 0 P t no o pressmg an en su Jec mg 45 g pp i n w a it to the action of swelling agents in accordance out No. 1,896,620 above referred to, whereby as with the present procedure a ul s wha s s e m 1 aus but It has been previously suggested to obtain enatere as y than Obtalnable y the p noblement by the action of cuprammonium soludure of the copending application mentioned, is tion containing a substantial amount of free secured. The discontinuance of swelling of the alkali, always more than 1.5-2% free alkali. fiber according to the kind of effect desired can However, solutions of this kind are not capable be obtained with water, dilute acid or dilute alof producing the ennobling efiects above referred kali lye, whereby generally the efiect produced by to because they cause a noticeable solvent action the dilute alkali is stifier, that with dilute acid on the cellulose subjected to swelling so that the 55 rare earth metals are also useful.
precipitation phenomenon herein described and occurring in the course of the process for eliminating the swelling does not appear. Further the stability of cuprammonium solutions having high alkali content, is limited.
The following are examples of the process employed, these examples being given simply as illustrations. It is to be understood that the invention is not restricted thereto.
Eramples 1. Bleached cretonne fabric of cotton is impreg nated with a cuprammonium solution containing 15 grams of copper and 5 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter and after a short action time of 15 seconds is precipitated by sulfuric acid of 2 B. at 15 C. coincidentally with the acid precipitation the elimination from the fiber of the copper is assured. After calendering the finished fabric exhibits a supple elastic feel resembling linen.
2. Mercerized cotton yarn is briefly treated during 15 seconds with a solution of cuprammonium containing 12 grams of copper and 8 grams of potassium hydroxide per liter and immediately thereafter washed with water at 18 C. Elimination of copper is accomplished in the usual way with dilute acid. The finished yarn resembles linen yarn.
3. Pre-treated calico fabric is passed for a short time through a cuprammonium solution containing 10 grams of copper and 3 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter, after an air passage of 40 seconds, followed by precipitation by the aid of dilute caustic soda at 4 B. at 20 C. Elimination of copper after the latter treatment is effected in the usual manner. Theresult of the ennobling effect is similar to that in Example 1 except that an increased stiffness is noted.
4. Cuprammonium solution .comprising 13 grams of copper and 10 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter is caused to act upon a heavy cotton fabric for 20 seconds at 10 0. Immediately thereafter the swollen unwashed fabric is mercerized in the mercerizing machine with the use of concentrated soda lye, followed by-elimination of copper by acidulation and washing. For finishing intense calendering and mangling are applied with the result that the fabric assumes the characteristics of heavy linens.
5. A resist-printed fabric is treated according to the procedure in Example 4. The fabric exhibits patterning of damask-like nature; the reserve portions of the fabric show unaltered properties, and thus contrast with the other parts that have been subjected to the action of cuprammonium solution.
6. Card sliver made of ramie fibers is impregnated with a, solution of cuprammonium containing .14 grams of copper and 4 grams of sodium hydroxide per liter and after a reaction time of 30 seconds then subjected to mercerizing with. soda lye and is de-coppered in the usual manner. After drying there results a lustrous stifi fiber of agglutinated ramie fibers or filaments.
Thus while we have described our improvements in detail and with respect to certain preferred forms, we do not desire to be limited to such details or forms since, as will be understood by those skilled in the art-after understanding our inv ntion, many changes and modifications may be made and the invention embodied in widely different forms without departing from the spirit and scope thereof in its broader aspects, and we desire to cover all modifications, forms and embodiments coming within the scope of any one or more of the appended claims.
Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:-
1. A method of producing permanent finish effects on vegetable cellulose material which comprises preparing a bath containing cuprammonium and a free alkali metal hydroxide in which the percentage of free alkali does not exceed 1.5%
of the weight of the solution, swelling the vegetable cellulose material by subjecting it to the bath and subjecting the so-treated material to an agent for interrupting the swelling action of said solution.
2. The method according to claim 1 in which the amount of free alkali is from 0.5 to 1%.
3. The method according to claim 1 in which the interruption of the swelling is efiected by dilute acid.
4. The method according to claim 1 in which the swelling is interrupted by treatment with water.
5. The method according to claim 1 in which the swelling is interrupted by treatment with dilute alkali lye.
6. The method according to claim 1 in which the interruption of swelling is effected by treating the fibrous materials after treatment with the alkaline cuprammonium solution with concentrated alkali lye of a strength to cause mercerization thereof.
/ 7. The method according to claim 1 in which the alkaline cuprammonium solution acts on the material to form a pattern.
8. Steps in the method of producing permanent finish efiects on vegetable cellulose material which consist in preparing a cuprammonium solution containing a free alkali metal hydroxide in which the percentage of free alkali does not exceed 1.5% of the weight of the solution, and subjecting the vegetable cellulose material to said solution.
ALBERT BODMER. ERNST WEISS.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE403255X | 1932-03-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2002106A true US2002106A (en) | 1935-05-21 |
Family
ID=6416229
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US628184A Expired - Lifetime US2002106A (en) | 1932-03-17 | 1932-08-10 | Process for treating vegetable fibers |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2002106A (en) |
| BE (1) | BE394925A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR752367A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB403255A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL37621C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2751278A (en) * | 1951-07-24 | 1956-06-19 | Wilson A Reeves | Process for the chemical modification of cotton sliver with sodium hydroxide solution |
| US2772603A (en) * | 1950-09-12 | 1956-12-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Fibrous structures and methods for manufacturing same |
| KR101158940B1 (en) | 2004-05-11 | 2012-06-21 | 에보니크 데구사 게엠베하 | Process for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide |
| EP2489279A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-08-22 | Kellogg Company | Crisp, filled foods and methods related thereto |
-
0
- BE BE394925D patent/BE394925A/xx unknown
- NL NL37621D patent/NL37621C/xx active
-
1932
- 1932-08-10 US US628184A patent/US2002106A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1933
- 1933-03-14 FR FR752367D patent/FR752367A/en not_active Expired
- 1933-03-16 GB GB8034/33A patent/GB403255A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2772603A (en) * | 1950-09-12 | 1956-12-04 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Fibrous structures and methods for manufacturing same |
| US2751278A (en) * | 1951-07-24 | 1956-06-19 | Wilson A Reeves | Process for the chemical modification of cotton sliver with sodium hydroxide solution |
| KR101158940B1 (en) | 2004-05-11 | 2012-06-21 | 에보니크 데구사 게엠베하 | Process for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide |
| EP2489279A1 (en) | 2007-09-20 | 2012-08-22 | Kellogg Company | Crisp, filled foods and methods related thereto |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB403255A (en) | 1933-12-21 |
| NL37621C (en) | |
| BE394925A (en) | |
| FR752367A (en) | 1933-09-21 |
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