US20020178863A1 - Iron powder composition - Google Patents

Iron powder composition Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020178863A1
US20020178863A1 US09/852,016 US85201601A US2002178863A1 US 20020178863 A1 US20020178863 A1 US 20020178863A1 US 85201601 A US85201601 A US 85201601A US 2002178863 A1 US2002178863 A1 US 2002178863A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
lubricant
fatty acid
composition according
atoms
iron
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US09/852,016
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bjorn Johansson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoganas AB
Original Assignee
Hoganas AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hoganas AB filed Critical Hoganas AB
Assigned to HOGANAS AB reassignment HOGANAS AB ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JOHANSSON, BJORN
Priority to US10/201,954 priority Critical patent/US6872235B2/en
Publication of US20020178863A1 publication Critical patent/US20020178863A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/56—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M105/68—Amides; Imides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/108—Mixtures obtained by warm mixing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/06—Particles of special shape or size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F2003/023—Lubricant mixed with the metal powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to metal powder compositions and a method of preparing such compositions.
  • the invention relates to iron-based compositions having consistent apparent density and flowability at different temperatures.
  • the powder metallurgy art generally uses different standard temperature regimes for the compaction of a metal powder to form a metal component. These include chill-pressing (pressing below ambient temperatures), cold-pressing (pressing at ambient temperatures), hot-pressing (pressing at temperatures above those at which the metal powder is capable of retaining work-hardening), and warm-pressing (pressing at temperatures between cold-pressing and hot-pressing).
  • the U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,433 (Storstrom et al) and U.S. Pat. No. 5,154,881 (Rutz) disclose metal powder compositions including amide lubricants which are especially developed for warm compaction.
  • the U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,433 discloses a lubricant for metallurgical powder compositions contains an oligomer of amide type, which has a weight-average molecular weight M w of 30,000 at the most.
  • the amide lubricant consists of the reaction product of a monocarboxylic acid, a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine.
  • ADVAWAX.®. 450 which is an ethylenebisstearamide product.
  • An object of the present invention is to reduce or eliminate current problems associated with large scale production.
  • Another object is to provide a new type of lubricant useful in metal compositions intended for compaction at elevated temperatures.
  • Still another problem is to provide an iron-based powder composition distinguished by excellent flow rate and apparent density.
  • a further object is to provide a powder composition, which generates a minimum of dust and the preparation of which does not require the use of organic solvents.
  • Another object is to provide a method for warm compaction such a metal powder composition.
  • a powder composition comprising an iron-based powder, at least one oligomer amide type lubricant, at least one fatty acid and optionally one or more additives such as flow agents, processing aids and hard phases.
  • the method according to the invention includes the steps of
  • iron-based powder encompasses powder essentially made up of pure iron; iron powder that has been prealloyed with other substances improving the strength, the hardening properties, the electromagnetic properties or other desirable properties of the end products; and particles of iron mixed with particles of such alloying elements (diffusion annealed mixture or purely mechanical mixture).
  • alloying elements are nickel, copper, molybdenum, chromium, manganese, phosphorus, carbon in the form of graphite, and tungsten, which are used either separately or in combination, e.g. in the form of compounds (Fe 3 P and FeMo).
  • the lubricants according to the invention are used in combination with iron-based powders having high compressability.
  • such powders have a low carbon content, preferably below 0.04% by weight.
  • Such powders include e.g. Distaloy AE, Astaloy Mo and ASC 100.29, all of which are commercially available from Hoganas AB, Sweden.
  • the lubricant used according to the present invention may be represented by the following formula:
  • D is —H, COR, CNHR, wherein R is a straight or branched aliphatic or aromatic group including 2-21 C atoms
  • C is the group —NH (CH) n CO—
  • B is amino or carbonyl
  • A is alkylen having 4-16 C atoms optionally including up to 4 O atoms
  • m is an integer 1-10
  • n is an integer 5-11.
  • the lubricant has the chemical structure wherein D is COR, wherein R is an aliphatic group 16-20 C atoms, C is —NH (CH) n CO— wherein n is 5 or 11; B is amino; A is alkylen having 6-14 C atoms optionally including up to 3O atoms, and m is an integer 2-5.
  • Examples of such lubricants may be selected from the group consisting of
  • the oligomer amide type lubricant which is added to the iron-based powder is preferably in the form of a solid powder, can make up 0.1-1% by weight of the metal-powder composition, preferably 0.2-0.8% by weight, based on the total amount of the metal-powder composition.
  • the possibility of using the lubricant according to the present invention in low amounts is an especially advantageous feature of the invention, since it enables high densities to be achieved
  • the fatty acid used according to the present inventions is preferably a fatty acid having 10-22 C atoms.
  • examples of such acids are oleic acid, stearic acid and palmitic acid.
  • the amount of the fatty acid is normally 0.015-0.15, preferably 0.02-0.08 and most preferably 0.03-0.07% calculated on the total weight of the powder composition.
  • the melting point of the fatty acid should be lower than that of the amide oligomer lubricant.
  • the new powder composition may contain one or more additives selected from the group consisting of processing aids and hard phases.
  • the processing aids used in the metal-powder composition may consist of talc, forsterite, manganese sulphide, sulphur, molybdenum disulphide, boron nitride, tellurium, selenium, barium difluoride and calcium difluoride, which are used either separately or in combination.
  • the hard phases used in the metal-powder composition may consist of carbides of tungsten, vanadium, titanium, niobium, chromium, molybdenum, tantalum and zirconium, nitrides of aluminium, titanium, vanadium, molybdenum and chromium, Al 2 O 3 , and various ceramic materials.
  • a type of flow agent which can be used according to the present invention, is disclosed in the U.S. Pat. No. 5,782,954 (which is hereby incorporated by reference).
  • the flow agent which is preferably a silicon dioxide, is used in an amount from about 0.005 to about 2 percent by weight, preferably from about 0.01 to about 1 percent by weight, and more preferably from about 0.025 to about 0.5 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the metallurgical composition.
  • the flow agent should have an average particle size below about 40 nanometers.
  • Preferred silicon oxides are the silicon dioxide materials, both hydrophilic and hydrophobic forms, commercially available as the Aerosil line of silicon dioxides, such as the Aerosil 200 and R812 products, from Degussa Corporation.
  • the iron-based powder, at least one oligomer amide type lubricant, at least one fatty acid and optionally one or more additives, such as processing aids and hard phases, are heated to a temperature above the melting point of the lubricant; the obtained mixture is subsequently cooled to a temperature below the melting point of the lubricant and above the melting point of the fatty acid and a pulverulent flow agent is added to the obtained mixture, which is then mixed and cooled.
  • FIG. 1 shows the effect of the combination of the oligomer amide type lubricant defined above and a fatty acid (stearic acid) on the apparent density.
  • FIG. 2 shows the effect of the combination of the lubricant defined above and a fatty acid (stearic acid) on the flow rate.
  • the powder mixture tested was prepared by dry mixing Distaloy AE (an iron-based powder available from H ⁇ umlaut over (o ) ⁇ ganäs AB, Sweden) with 0.6% by weight of organic material which consisted of the oligomer amide type lubricant defined above and 0.03 or 0.05% by weight of stearic acid. 0.3% by weight of graphite was also added and the obtained mixture was heated to 165° C. The mixture was cooled to 110° C. and 0.06% by weight of Aerosil® was added at this temperature. Essentially the same results are obtained when the Aerosil is added at ambient temperature.
  • the above mixture which included 0.03% by weight of stearic acid was also tested with regard to the dust reduction in comparison with a mixture prepared according to the U.S. Pat. No. 5,368,630.
  • the known mixture also included 0.6% by weight of organic material but in this case the organic material consisted of 0.55% by weight of lubricant and 0.15% by weight of an organic binder (cellulose butyrate).
  • the iron-based powder was Distaloy AE in both mixtures.
  • the preparation of the known mixture involves dry mixing of the iron-based powder, the lubricant according to the US patent and 0.3% by weight of graphite.
  • the organic binder was dissolved in acetone and added to the dry mixture and after thorough mixing. The acetone was removed and 0.06% by weight of Aerosil® was added to the dried mixture.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
US09/852,016 2001-04-17 2001-05-10 Iron powder composition Abandoned US20020178863A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/201,954 US6872235B2 (en) 2001-04-17 2002-07-25 Iron powder composition

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE0101343A SE0101343D0 (sv) 2001-04-17 2001-04-17 Ikon powder composition
SE0101343-2 2001-04-17

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2002/000763 Continuation WO2002083346A1 (en) 2001-04-17 2002-04-17 Iron powder composition including an amide type lubricant and a method to prepare it

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/201,954 Continuation-In-Part US6872235B2 (en) 2001-04-17 2002-07-25 Iron powder composition

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20020178863A1 true US20020178863A1 (en) 2002-12-05

Family

ID=20283794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US09/852,016 Abandoned US20020178863A1 (en) 2001-04-17 2001-05-10 Iron powder composition

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US20020178863A1 (xx)
EP (1) EP1387730B1 (xx)
JP (1) JP4126230B2 (xx)
CN (1) CN1250684C (xx)
AT (1) ATE302081T1 (xx)
DE (1) DE60205610T2 (xx)
ES (1) ES2248547T3 (xx)
SE (1) SE0101343D0 (xx)
TW (1) TWI235183B (xx)
WO (1) WO2002083346A1 (xx)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6872235B2 (en) 2001-04-17 2005-03-29 Höganäs Ab Iron powder composition
SE0401644D0 (sv) * 2004-06-23 2004-06-23 Hoeganaes Ab Lubricants for insulated soft magnetic iron-based powder compositions
DE102005023419B4 (de) 2005-05-20 2007-02-22 Ems-Chemie Ag Polyamid-Oligomere und deren Verwendung
DE102005023420A1 (de) 2005-05-20 2006-11-23 Ems-Chemie Ag Polyamidformmassen mit verbesserter Fliessfähigkeit, deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung
JP2010285633A (ja) * 2009-06-09 2010-12-24 Kobe Steel Ltd 粉末冶金用混合粉末の製造方法、及び焼結体の製造方法
US8992659B2 (en) * 2009-09-08 2015-03-31 Hoganas Ab (Publ) Metal powder composition
EP3482852A1 (en) 2013-09-12 2019-05-15 National Research Council of Canada Lubricant for powder metallurgy and metal powder compositions containing said lubricant

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2733868B2 (ja) * 1990-09-25 1998-03-30 日立粉末冶金株式会社 粉末冶金用成形潤滑剤
US5279640A (en) * 1992-09-22 1994-01-18 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Method of making iron-based powder mixture
US5368630A (en) * 1993-04-13 1994-11-29 Hoeganaes Corporation Metal powder compositions containing binding agents for elevated temperature compaction
SE9401922D0 (sv) * 1994-06-02 1994-06-02 Hoeganaes Ab Lubricant for metal powder compositions, metal powder composition containing th lubricant, method for making sintered products by using the lubricant, and the use of same
US5976215A (en) * 1997-08-29 1999-11-02 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Iron-based powder mixture for powder metallurgy and process for preparing the same
EP1094909B1 (en) * 1998-05-15 2004-12-22 Höganäs Ab Iron-based metallurgical compositions containing flow agents and methods for using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60205610T2 (de) 2006-02-09
EP1387730B1 (en) 2005-08-17
WO2002083346A1 (en) 2002-10-24
ATE302081T1 (de) 2005-09-15
TWI235183B (en) 2005-07-01
CN1503707A (zh) 2004-06-09
ES2248547T3 (es) 2006-03-16
EP1387730A1 (en) 2004-02-11
CN1250684C (zh) 2006-04-12
DE60205610D1 (de) 2005-09-22
JP2004524450A (ja) 2004-08-12
JP4126230B2 (ja) 2008-07-30
SE0101343D0 (sv) 2001-04-17

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Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: HOGANAS AB, SWEDEN

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:JOHANSSON, BJORN;REEL/FRAME:011995/0862

Effective date: 20010528

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION