US20020110108A1 - Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes - Google Patents

Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes Download PDF

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Publication number
US20020110108A1
US20020110108A1 US09/999,287 US99928701A US2002110108A1 US 20020110108 A1 US20020110108 A1 US 20020110108A1 US 99928701 A US99928701 A US 99928701A US 2002110108 A1 US2002110108 A1 US 2002110108A1
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data field
symbols
transmitter
data
sub
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US09/999,287
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English (en)
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Younglok Kim
Ariela Zeira
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InterDigital Technology Corp
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InterDigital Technology Corp
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Assigned to INTERDIGITAL TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION reassignment INTERDIGITAL TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KIM, YOUNGLOK, ZEIRA, ARIELA
Priority to US09/999,287 priority Critical patent/US20020110108A1/en
Application filed by InterDigital Technology Corp filed Critical InterDigital Technology Corp
Priority to US10/071,903 priority patent/US20020093927A1/en
Priority to US10/071,917 priority patent/US20020089953A1/en
Priority to US10/077,076 priority patent/US20020089955A1/en
Priority to US10/077,565 priority patent/US20020075832A1/en
Priority to US10/079,107 priority patent/US20020080746A1/en
Priority to US10/107,465 priority patent/US20020097699A1/en
Publication of US20020110108A1 publication Critical patent/US20020110108A1/en
Priority to US12/627,630 priority patent/US8311492B2/en
Priority to US13/647,042 priority patent/US20130044734A1/en
Priority to US14/692,415 priority patent/US20150229349A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0697—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/02—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception
    • H04L1/06—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by diversity reception using space diversity
    • H04L1/0618—Space-time coding
    • H04L1/0631—Receiver arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03828—Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties
    • H04L25/03866—Arrangements for spectral shaping; Arrangements for providing signals with specified spectral properties using scrambling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to communications systems imploring code division multiple access (CDMA) techniques. More particularly, the present invention relates to a transmission diversity scheme which can be applied to a CDMA communication system.
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • Space-time block codes operate on a block of input symbols producing a matrix output over antennas and time.
  • the first data field having a first portion, D 1 , and a second portion, D 2 , is transmitted by the first antenna.
  • a second data field is produced by modifying the first data field.
  • the negation of the conjugate of D 2 , -D 2 *, is the first portion of the second data field and the conjugate of D 1 , D 1 *, is the second portion.
  • the second data field is simultaneously transmitted by the second antenna.
  • joint detection requires the use of two joint detectors at the receiver in a system employing two transmit diversity antennas.
  • Each joint detection device estimates the data from one of the antennas. The estimated data is combined to produce the original data. Therefore, the receiver in such a system has a high complexity resulting in higher receiver expense.
  • the present invention is a system and method for use in a CDMA communication system including a plurality of base stations and a user equipment (UE), each for communicating with each other.
  • the base station has a transmitter which includes a first and second antenna for transmitting a data field of symbols.
  • the first spreading device spreads the first data field using a first channelization code and the second spreading device spreads the second data field using a second channelization code, each channelization code being uniquely associated with one of the first and second antennas.
  • the UE has a receiver for receiving a signal including the first and second spread data fields.
  • the UE includes a joint detection device for detecting the symbols of the first and second data fields using the first and second channelization codes and a decoder for decoding the detected data fields to generate a single data field of symbols.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a prior art communication system employing space-time transmit diversity.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a transmitter and receiver in a communication system in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow diagram of the transmit diversity system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph of the performance of the transmit diversity system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a transmitter and receiver in a communication system in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow diagram of an alternative transmit diversity system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a transmitter 10 , preferably located at a base station, and a receiver 20 , preferably located at a user equipment (UE), in a CDMA communication system in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • UE user equipment
  • the transmitter 10 comprises a block encoder 11 , a plurality of channelization devices 8 , 9 , a plurality of spreading sequence insertion devices 12 , 13 , and a plurality of antennas 15 , 16 .
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a transmitter comprising two (2) antennas, it should be apparent to those having skill in the art that more than two (2) antennas may be used, such as N antennas.
  • a typical communication burst has two data fields separated by a midamble sequence.
  • the same encoding procedure, as discussed in the following, for one data field is also performed on the other data field.
  • Data to be transmitted by the transmitter is produced by a data generator (not shown).
  • the resulting data symbols (S 1 , S 2 , . . . S N/2 ), (S N/2+1 , S N/2+2 , . . . , S N ) of the first data field, which can be represented by sub-data fields D 1 and D 2 are input into the block encoder 11 , preferably a block space-time transmit diversity (BSTTD) encoder.
  • BSTTD block space-time transmit diversity
  • the block encoder 11 encodes the input symbols and generates the complex conjugate of D 1 and the negation of the conjugate of D 2 : D 1 *, ⁇ D 2 *.
  • the encoder 11 also changes the order of the symbols so that ⁇ D 2 * is ahead of D 1 *.
  • an analogous encoding of the second data field is also performed.
  • the data fields, D 1 , D 2 and ⁇ D 2 *, D 1 * are forwarded to a first and second channelization device 8 , 9 , respectively.
  • the first channelization device 8 spreads the data blocks D 1 , D 2 by a first channelization code, and ⁇ D 2 *, D 1 * by the second channelization device 9 using a second different channelization code.
  • Each of the spread data blocks from the first and second channelization devices 8 , 9 are then scrambled by the scrambling code associated with the transmitter 10 .
  • the receiver 20 comprises a joint detection device (JD) 24 , a BSTTD decoder 22 , a channel estimation device 23 and an antenna 26 .
  • the antenna 26 of the UE receives various RF signals including the communication bursts 17 , 18 from the transmitter 10 .
  • the RF signals are then demodulated to produce a baseband signal.
  • the baseband signal is then forwarded to the joint detection device 24 and the channel estimation device 23 .
  • the channel estimation device 23 provides channel information, such as channel impulse responses, to the joint detection device 24 .
  • the joint detection device 24 coupled to the channel estimation device 23 and BSTTD decoder 22 , utilizes the channel information and the channelization codes to detect the soft data symbols d 1 , d 2 , ⁇ d 2 *, d 1 * in the received signal.
  • the channel impulse response for each burst is determined using that burst's midamble sequence. Since each burst was transmitted using a different spreading code, the joint detection device 24 treats each burst as being transmitted by a different user. As a result, any joint detection device which can recover data from different transmitter sites may be used.
  • Such joint detection devices include zero forcing block linear equalizers, detection devices using Cholesky or approximate Cholesky decomposition, as well as many others.
  • the joint detection device 24 estimates the data symbols of each of the bursts 17 , 18 output by the transmitter antennas 15 , 16 and forwards the estimates to the BSTTD decoder 22 .
  • the BSTTD decoder 22 coupled to the joint detection device 24 , receives the estimated soft data symbols d 1 , d 2 and ⁇ d 2 *, d 1 * corresponding to the antennas 15 , 16 and decodes the symbols to yield a single data field's soft symbols, d STTD .
  • a data generator generates data to be transmitted to the receiver 20 (step 301 ). Each data field is separated into two sub-data fields D 1 , D 2 (step 302 ). The sub-data fields D 1 , D 2 are forwarded to the block encoder 11 and the first channelization device 8 (step 303 ). The sub-data fields forwarded to the block encoder 11 are encoded (step 304 ) and forwarded to the second channelization device 9 (step 305 ). Each channelization device 8 , 9 spreads their respective data input using a separate channelization code associated with a respective antenna 15 , 16 (step 306 ). The two spread signals are then scrambled, using the scrambling code associated with the base station (step 307 ) and transmitted to the receiver 20 over diversity antennas 15 , 16 (step 308 ).
  • the receiver 20 receives a RF communication signal including the two spread signals from the diversity antennas 15 , 16 (step 309 ), demodulates the signal and forwards the demodulated signal to the channel estimation device 23 and joint detection device 24 (step 310 ).
  • the received signal is processed by the channel estimation device 23 (step 311 ) and the channel information applied by the joint detection device 24 along with the channelization codes, to estimate the transmit symbols from the diversity antennas 15 , 16 (step 312 ).
  • the detected sub-data fields, corresponding to each diversity antenna 15 , 16 are forwarded to the BSTTD decoder (step 313 ), which decodes the soft symbol sub-fields to yield a single data field's soft symbols, d STTD (step 314 ).
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an alternative transmitter 40 , preferably located at a base station, and a receiver 50 , preferably located a user equipment (UE) in a communication system.
  • the transmitter 40 comprises a plurality of channelization devices 48 , 49 , a plurality of spreading sequence insertion devices 42 , 43 , and a plurality of antennas 45 , 46 .
  • Data to be transmitted by the transmitter 40 is produced by a data generator (not shown).
  • the resulting data symbols (S 1 , S 2 , . . . S N/2 ), (S N/2 +1, S N/2 +2, . . . , S N ) of the first data field, which can be represented by sub-data fields D 1 and D 2 are input to a first and second channelization device 48 , 49 , respectively.
  • the first channelization device 8 spreads the data blocks D 1 , D 2 by a first channelization code
  • the second channelization device 49 spreads the data blocks D 1 , D 2 by a second different channelization code.
  • Each of the spread data blocks from the first and second channelization devices 48 , 49 are scrambled by the scrambling code associated with the transmitter 40 .
  • the receiver 50 comprises a joint detection device (JD) 54 , a decoder 22 , a channel estimation device 53 and an antenna 51 .
  • the antenna 51 of the UE receives various RF signals including the communication bursts 44 , 45 from the transmitter 40 .
  • the RF signals are then demodulated to produce a baseband signal.
  • the baseband signal is then forwarded to the joint detection device 54 and the channel estimation device 53 .
  • the joint detection device 54 coupled to the channel estimation device 53 and decoder 52 , utilizes the channel information and the channelization codes to detect the soft data symbols d 1 , d 2 , in the received signal.
  • the channel impulse response for each burst is determined using that burst's midamble sequence. Since each burst was transmitted using a different spreading code, the joint detection device 54 treats each burst as being transmitted by a different user.
  • the joint detection device 54 estimates the data symbols of each of the signals 44 , 45 output by the transmitter antennas 46 , 47 and forwards the estimates to the decoder 52 .
  • the decoder 52 coupled to the joint detection device 54 , receives the estimated soft data symbols d 1 , d 2 corresponding to the antennas 46 , 47 and decodes the symbols to yield a single data field's soft symbols, d.
  • a data generator generates data to be transmitted to the receiver 40 (step 601 ). Each data field is separated into two sub-data fields D 1 , D 2 (step 602 ). The sub-data fields D 1 , D 2 are forwarded to the first channelization device 48 and to the second channelization device 49 (step 603 ). Each channelization device 48 , 49 spreads their respective data input using a separate channelization code associated with each antenna 46 , 47 (step 604 ). The two spread signals are then scrambled, using the scrambling code associated with the base station (step 605 ) and transmitted to the receiver 50 over diversity antennas 46 , 47 (step 606 ).
  • the receiver 50 receives a RF communication signal including the two spread signals from the diversity antennas 46 , 47 (step 607 ), demodulates the signal and forwards the demodulated signal to the channel estimation device 53 and joint detection device 54 (step 608 ).
  • the received signal is processed by the channel estimation device 53 (step 609 ) and the channel information applied by the joint detection device 54 along with the channelization codes, to estimate the transmit symbols from the diversity antennas 46 , 47 (step 610 ).
  • the detected sub-data fields, corresponding to each diversity antenna 46 , 47 are forwarded to the decoder 52 (step 611 ), which decodes the soft symbol sub-fields to yield a single data field's soft symbols, d STTD (step 612 ).
  • each antenna has its own associated channelization code and midamble. If a block encoder is used, the data field transmitted by each of the antennas has a unique encoding, allowing the use of a single joint detector at the receiver.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph showing the raw BER of various block STTD decoders.
  • the model is based on all the receivers using a block linear equalizer (BLE) based approach to JD.
  • NTD means the single antenna case, i.e., no transmit diversity.
  • STTD with 1 code is the traditional block STTD JD.
  • STTD with 2 code is the disclosed block STTD transmitter.
  • Simple STTD with 2 code is the transmission system disclosed in the alternative embodiment.
  • the benefit of 2 codes for STTD can be summarized as follows: 1) there is up to a 0.5 dB gain at 0 . 01 raw Bit error rate over 1 code STTD; and 2) by eliminating the encoding block in simple STTD with 2 code, the performance degradation is only 0.2 dB at 0.1 raw BER and no degradation at 0.01 raw BER. The performance improvement over NTD is still 1.0 dB and 2.7 dB at 0 . 1 and 0.01 raw BER.
US09/999,287 2000-12-07 2001-11-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes Abandoned US20020110108A1 (en)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/999,287 US20020110108A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2001-11-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/071,903 US20020093927A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/071,917 US20020089953A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,076 US20020089955A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,565 US20020075832A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/079,107 US20020080746A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-20 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/107,465 US20020097699A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-03-27 Transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US12/627,630 US8311492B2 (en) 2000-12-07 2009-11-30 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US13/647,042 US20130044734A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2012-10-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US14/692,415 US20150229349A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2015-04-21 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US25401300P 2000-12-07 2000-12-07
US09/999,287 US20020110108A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2001-11-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes

Related Child Applications (6)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/071,903 Continuation US20020093927A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/071,917 Continuation US20020089953A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,565 Continuation US20020075832A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,076 Continuation US20020089955A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/079,107 Continuation US20020080746A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-20 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/107,465 Continuation US20020097699A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-03-27 Transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes

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US09/999,287 Abandoned US20020110108A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2001-11-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/071,917 Abandoned US20020089953A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/071,903 Abandoned US20020093927A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,076 Abandoned US20020089955A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,565 Abandoned US20020075832A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/079,107 Abandoned US20020080746A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-20 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/107,465 Abandoned US20020097699A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-03-27 Transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US12/627,630 Expired - Lifetime US8311492B2 (en) 2000-12-07 2009-11-30 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US13/647,042 Abandoned US20130044734A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2012-10-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US14/692,415 Abandoned US20150229349A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2015-04-21 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes

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US10/071,917 Abandoned US20020089953A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/071,903 Abandoned US20020093927A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,076 Abandoned US20020089955A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/077,565 Abandoned US20020075832A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-15 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/079,107 Abandoned US20020080746A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-02-20 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US10/107,465 Abandoned US20020097699A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2002-03-27 Transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US12/627,630 Expired - Lifetime US8311492B2 (en) 2000-12-07 2009-11-30 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US13/647,042 Abandoned US20130044734A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2012-10-08 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes
US14/692,415 Abandoned US20150229349A1 (en) 2000-12-07 2015-04-21 Simple block space time transmit diversity using multiple spreading codes

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US (10) US20020110108A1 (ja)
EP (4) EP1340334B1 (ja)
JP (7) JP2004524727A (ja)
KR (8) KR20100053690A (ja)
CN (2) CN1278507C (ja)
AT (2) ATE435535T1 (ja)
AU (1) AU2002227241A1 (ja)
CA (3) CA2776357A1 (ja)
DE (2) DE60106970T2 (ja)
DK (3) DK2086147T3 (ja)
ES (3) ES2329677T3 (ja)
HK (3) HK1064535A1 (ja)
MX (1) MXPA03005080A (ja)
NO (2) NO329514B1 (ja)
WO (1) WO2002047278A2 (ja)

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