US20010045120A1 - Sensor and method for the manufacture - Google Patents
Sensor and method for the manufacture Download PDFInfo
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- US20010045120A1 US20010045120A1 US09/171,717 US17171799A US2001045120A1 US 20010045120 A1 US20010045120 A1 US 20010045120A1 US 17171799 A US17171799 A US 17171799A US 2001045120 A1 US2001045120 A1 US 2001045120A1
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- ceramic shaped
- sensor
- seal
- sensing element
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- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 lithium barium aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052961 molybdenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 5
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032366 Oversensing Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium phosphate Chemical compound O1[Al]2OP1(=O)O2 ILRRQNADMUWWFW-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000151 chromium(III) phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IKZBVTPSNGOVRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K chromium(iii) phosphate Chemical compound [Cr+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O IKZBVTPSNGOVRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- OJLGWNFZMTVNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxido(dioxo)tungsten;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O.[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O OJLGWNFZMTVNCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
- G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
- G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
- G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
- G01N27/4077—Means for protecting the electrolyte or the electrodes
Definitions
- a sensor of this kind is known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,467,636, in which a planar sensing element is immobilized in gas-tight fashion, by way of a sealing element, in a passthrough of an exhaust-gas-side lower ceramic shaped element.
- the exhaust-gas-side ceramic shaped element has on the end surface facing away from the exhaust gas a recess which surrounds the passthrough and into which a glass seal is introduced.
- the glass seal encloses the sensing element inside the recess, and constitutes a gas-tight join between ceramic shaped element and sensing element at this point.
- the sensor according to the present invention having the characterizing features of the principal claim, has the advantage that a mechanically stable and gas-tight join is possible between the planar sensing element and both ceramic shaped elements.
- the hermetic seal of the sensing element thereby achieved is vibration-proof, so that while the sensor is being used in the motor vehicle, the sensing element can be immobilized over the utilization period in mechanically stable and hermetic fashion.
- the method according to the present invention makes it possible for gas-tight immobilization of the sensing element to be attained efficiently.
- the two ceramic shaped elements are configured, on the end faces which face toward one another, in the form of a die and punch, and act accordingly on one another.
- the presence of a gap between die and punch has the advantage that the glass seal can escape into the gap upon compression. This makes it possible to work with a high compressive force. At the same time, it prevents the two end faces of the ceramic shaped elements from striking one another.
- a further glass seal can be inserted into the annular gap between the ceramic shaped elements, or an annular metal foil or plate can be set in place, thus resulting in a positive join between the two ceramic elements.
- FIG. 1 shows a sectioned depiction through a sensor according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal for the sensing element in the uninstalled state, with an apparatus for manufacturing the seal;
- FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal in the uninstalled state
- FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal in the uninstalled state.
- the sensor depicted in FIG. 1 is an electrochemical sensor for determining the oxygen content in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines.
- the sensor has a metal housing 10 in which a flat-plate sensing element 12 , having a measured-gas-side end section 13 and a connector-side end section 14 , is arranged.
- Housing 10 is configured with threads as attachment means for installation into an exhaust pipe (not depicted).
- a longitudinal bore 16 having, for example, a first shoulder-like annular surface 17 and a second shoulder-like annular surface 18 .
- a measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 Arranged in longitudinal bore 16 is a measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 having a measured-gas-side passthrough 24 , and having a measured-gas-side end face 21 and a connector-side end face 22 .
- Measured-gas-side end face 21 is configured with a conically extending sealing seat 23 which sits on a metal sealing ring 25 that rests against second shoulder-like annular surface 18 .
- a connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 Arranged above measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 is a connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 having a connector-side passthrough 30 and having a measured-gas-side end face 28 and a connector-side end face 29 .
- a disk spring 31 that is under mechanical preload, which presses via a tubular retaining cap 32 onto measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 27 that projects out of housing 10 , rests on connector-side end face 29 of connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 ; retaining cap 32 engages via snap-lock tabs 34 into an annular groove 33 arranged on the outer side of housing 10 .
- the two ceramic shaped elements 20 , 27 are preloaded in the axial direction via retaining cap 32 and disk spring 31 , so that measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 presses with conical sealing seat 23 onto sealing ring 25 .
- a gas-tight sealing seat thus forms between housing 10 and ceramic shaped element 20 .
- Measured-gas-side end section 13 projecting out of the housing is, for example, surrounded at a distance by a double-walled protective tube 37 having gas inlet and gas outlet openings 38 .
- sensing element 12 has contacts (not depicted further) which make contact with connector cables 42 via a contact plug 41 .
- Connector plug 41 includes, for example, two ceramic elements which are held together by a clamping piece 43 .
- Connector-side end section 14 of sensing element 12 which projects out of connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 , is surrounded by a metal sleeve 45 which is welded in gas-tight fashion to housing 10 and has a tubular opening 47 in which a cable passthrough 48 is located for the passage of connector cable 42 .
- Measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 has on connector-side end face 22 a punch-shaped extension 51 which surrounds measured-gas-side passthrough 24 .
- Connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 has on measured-gas-side end face 28 a recess 52 into which punch-shaped extension 51 penetrates with a radial gap 53 .
- a cavity 55 which is filled with a glass seal 57 , is formed between the end face of punch-shaped extension 51 and the bottom of recess 53 . It is also possible to configure punch-shaped extension 51 on connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 , and recess 52 on measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 .
- Glass seal 57 causes sensing element 16 to be hermetically sealed in ceramic shaped elements 20 , 27 .
- the dimensions of punch-shaped extension 51 and of recess 52 are such that an annular gap 59 is formed between the mutually facing annular surfaces of measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 and connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 .
- the purpose of annular gap 59 is to allow the fusible glass of glass seal 57 to escape via radial gap 53 into annular gap 59 upon compression.
- a fusible glass for example a lithium aluminum silicate glass or a lithium barium aluminum silicate glass, is suitable as glass seal 57 .
- Additives which improve the flow characteristics of the molten glass can be added to the fusible glass.
- Powdered substances such as copper, aluminum, iron, brass, graphite, boron nitride, MoS 2 , or a mixture of these substances, can be used as additives for plastification of glass seal 57 during the joining process.
- Lithium carbonate, lithium soap, borax, or boric acid are used, for example, as fluxes for glass seal 57 .
- the addition of compensating fillers, such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium tungstate, or a mixture of these substances, is suitable for adjusting the thermal expansion.
- a further improvement in the join between glass seal 57 and the ceramic of ceramic shaped elements 20 , 27 is achieved if a ceramic binder, such as aluminum phosphate or chromium phosphate, is added to glass seal 57 .
- the side surfaces of measured-gas-side passthrough 24 and of connector-side passthrough 30 of ceramic shaped elements 20 , 27 are each configured, toward cavity 55 , with a conically extending enlargement 61 (FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 ).
- FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 Three exemplary embodiments of the sensing element seal in the uninstalled state, in each case with an apparatus for manufacturing glass seal 57 , are evident from FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 .
- the apparatus has a support 70 acting as die, with a receptacle 71 and a stop 72 .
- Ceramic shaped elements 20 and 27 are positioned in receptacle 71 with sensing element 12 received in passthroughs 24 , 30 .
- the axial position of sensing element 12 is defined in this context by stop 72 , sensing element 12 resting with measured-gas-side end section 13 on stop 72 .
- Measured-gas-side ceramic shaped element 20 is first inserted with sensing element 12 into receptacle 71 .
- a glass blank 63 for example in the form of a glass pellet or glass film, is placed onto the end surface of punch-shaped extension 51 , glass blank 63 having an opening with which glass blank 63 is slid over sensing element 12 .
- Connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 is then placed onto glass blank 63 , so that connector-side end section 14 of sensing element 12 projects through passthrough 30 .
- a compressive force of, for example, 600 kg-force is applied onto connector-side ceramic shaped element 27 using a pressing punch 74 .
- glass blank 63 was heated, for example by a heating device housed in support 70 , to a temperature above the softening temperature of the fusible glass or glass ceramic being used.
- the fluid glass blank 63 deforms and is thereby pressed into conical enlargements 61 and into radial gap 53 . Fusible glass flowing out via radial gap 53 can escape into end-surface annular gap 53 .
- FIG. 3 A second exemplary embodiment is depicted in FIG. 3. This exemplary embodiment differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 in that a further annular glass blank 64 is inserted into annular gap 59 . Upon compression, the fluid further glass blank 64 , like glass blank 63 , deforms so that annular gap 59 is additionally sealed with a further glass seal.
- a further exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal is evident from the arrangement in FIG. 4.
- a further blank 65 precompressed and optionally presintered, is arranged on the measured-gas side below glass blank 63 .
- Materials with good plastic deformability such as talc, kaolin, clay, bentonite, graphite, boron nitride, etc. are in principle particularly suitable as the material for further blank 65 .
- punch 74 is applied during compression of the fluid glass blank 63 , blank 65 is simultaneously deformed into its powder constituents, thus resulting in a powdered additional seal.
- the powder penetrates into the gap of measured-gas-side passthrough 24 formed by conical enlargement 61 , so that the fusible glass is prevented from flowing to the measured-gas end of ceramic shaped element 20 that is subject to high thermal stress.
- the apparatuses depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 correspond to the apparatus of FIG. 2.
- the method for manufacturing glass seal 57 according to FIG. 4 can be carried out in accordance with the method implemented using the apparatus in FIG. 2. It is also possible, however, first to deform further blank 65 into powder using a punch and press it into the gap between sensing element and measured-gas-side passthrough, and then to compress glass blank 63 using the procedure according to FIG. 2.
- a further embodiment of the sensing element seal according to FIG. 4, having a further fused glass seal in annular gap 59 as in the case of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, is also possible.
Abstract
Description
- The invention proceeds from a sensor according to the species defined in the principal claim. A sensor of this kind is known from U.S. Pat. No. 5,467,636, in which a planar sensing element is immobilized in gas-tight fashion, by way of a sealing element, in a passthrough of an exhaust-gas-side lower ceramic shaped element. The exhaust-gas-side ceramic shaped element has on the end surface facing away from the exhaust gas a recess which surrounds the passthrough and into which a glass seal is introduced. A further ceramic shaped element, which is joined via a metal solder join to the housing, sits on the glass seal. The glass seal encloses the sensing element inside the recess, and constitutes a gas-tight join between ceramic shaped element and sensing element at this point.
- The sensor according to the present invention, having the characterizing features of the principal claim, has the advantage that a mechanically stable and gas-tight join is possible between the planar sensing element and both ceramic shaped elements.
- The hermetic seal of the sensing element thereby achieved is vibration-proof, so that while the sensor is being used in the motor vehicle, the sensing element can be immobilized over the utilization period in mechanically stable and hermetic fashion. The method according to the present invention makes it possible for gas-tight immobilization of the sensing element to be attained efficiently.
- The features set forth in the dependent claims make possible developments of and improvements to the sensor according to the invention and the method for its manufacture. A particularly mechanically stable and gas-tight join between the sensing element and the ceramic shaped elements is achieved if the glass seal covers the sensing element over as large an area as possible, but does not penetrate appreciably into the front region which is subject to high thermal stress when the sensor is later operated. The arrangement of a powdered additional seal on the measured-gas site in front of the glass seal prevents the molten glass from penetrating, during the melting process, into the front region of the sensing element that is subject to high thermal stress. It is advantageous for the manufacturing process that the two ceramic shaped elements are configured, on the end faces which face toward one another, in the form of a die and punch, and act accordingly on one another. This makes possible compression of the glass seal, and of the powdered additional seal that is optionally used, utilizing the geometry of the ceramic shaped elements. The presence of a gap between die and punch has the advantage that the glass seal can escape into the gap upon compression. This makes it possible to work with a high compressive force. At the same time, it prevents the two end faces of the ceramic shaped elements from striking one another. In addition, a further glass seal can be inserted into the annular gap between the ceramic shaped elements, or an annular metal foil or plate can be set in place, thus resulting in a positive join between the two ceramic elements.
- Three exemplary embodiments of the invention are depicted in the drawings and explained in more detail in the description below. In the drawings:
- FIG. 1 shows a sectioned depiction through a sensor according to the invention;
- FIG. 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal for the sensing element in the uninstalled state, with an apparatus for manufacturing the seal;
- FIG. 3 shows a second exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal in the uninstalled state; and
- FIG. 4 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal in the uninstalled state.
- The sensor depicted in FIG. 1 is an electrochemical sensor for determining the oxygen content in exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor has a
metal housing 10 in which a flat-plate sensing element 12, having a measured-gas-side end section 13 and a connector-side end section 14, is arranged.Housing 10 is configured with threads as attachment means for installation into an exhaust pipe (not depicted). Also arranged inhousing 10 is alongitudinal bore 16 having, for example, a first shoulder-likeannular surface 17 and a second shoulder-likeannular surface 18. - Arranged in
longitudinal bore 16 is a measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 20 having a measured-gas-side passthrough 24, and having a measured-gas-side end face 21 and a connector-side end face 22. Measured-gas-side end face 21 is configured with a conically extending sealingseat 23 which sits on ametal sealing ring 25 that rests against second shoulder-likeannular surface 18. Arranged above measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 20 is a connector-side ceramicshaped element 27 having a connector-side passthrough 30 and having a measured-gas-side end face 28 and a connector-side end face 29. - A
disk spring 31 that is under mechanical preload, which presses via atubular retaining cap 32 onto measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 27 that projects out ofhousing 10, rests on connector-side end face 29 of connector-side ceramicshaped element 27; retainingcap 32 engages via snap-lock tabs 34 into anannular groove 33 arranged on the outer side ofhousing 10. The two ceramicshaped elements cap 32 anddisk spring 31, so that measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 20 presses withconical sealing seat 23 ontosealing ring 25. A gas-tight sealing seat thus forms betweenhousing 10 and ceramicshaped element 20. - Measured-gas-
side end section 13 projecting out of the housing is, for example, surrounded at a distance by a double-walledprotective tube 37 having gas inlet andgas outlet openings 38. On connector-side end section 14,sensing element 12 has contacts (not depicted further) which make contact withconnector cables 42 via acontact plug 41.Connector plug 41 includes, for example, two ceramic elements which are held together by aclamping piece 43. Connector-side end section 14 ofsensing element 12, which projects out of connector-side ceramic shapedelement 27, is surrounded by ametal sleeve 45 which is welded in gas-tight fashion tohousing 10 and has atubular opening 47 in which acable passthrough 48 is located for the passage ofconnector cable 42. - Measured-gas-side ceramic
shaped element 20 has on connector-side end face 22 a punch-shaped extension 51 which surrounds measured-gas-side passthrough 24. Connector-side ceramicshaped element 27 has on measured-gas-side end face 28 arecess 52 into which punch-shaped extension 51 penetrates with aradial gap 53. Acavity 55, which is filled with aglass seal 57, is formed between the end face of punch-shaped extension 51 and the bottom ofrecess 53. It is also possible to configure punch-shaped extension 51 on connector-side ceramicshaped element 27, and recess 52 on measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 20. -
Glass seal 57 causes sensingelement 16 to be hermetically sealed in ceramicshaped elements shaped extension 51 and ofrecess 52 are such that anannular gap 59 is formed between the mutually facing annular surfaces of measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 20 and connector-side ceramicshaped element 27. The purpose ofannular gap 59 is to allow the fusible glass ofglass seal 57 to escape viaradial gap 53 intoannular gap 59 upon compression. - A fusible glass, for example a lithium aluminum silicate glass or a lithium barium aluminum silicate glass, is suitable as
glass seal 57. Additives which improve the flow characteristics of the molten glass can be added to the fusible glass. - Powdered substances such as copper, aluminum, iron, brass, graphite, boron nitride, MoS2, or a mixture of these substances, can be used as additives for plastification of
glass seal 57 during the joining process. Lithium carbonate, lithium soap, borax, or boric acid are used, for example, as fluxes forglass seal 57. The addition of compensating fillers, such as aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, zirconium tungstate, or a mixture of these substances, is suitable for adjusting the thermal expansion. A further improvement in the join betweenglass seal 57 and the ceramic of ceramicshaped elements glass seal 57. - In order to achieve large-area wetting of
sensing element 12 withglass seal 57, in the present exemplary embodiments the side surfaces of measured-gas-side passthrough 24 and of connector-side passthrough 30 of ceramicshaped elements cavity 55, with a conically extending enlargement 61 (FIGS. 2, 3, and 4). - Three exemplary embodiments of the sensing element seal in the uninstalled state, in each case with an apparatus for
manufacturing glass seal 57, are evident from FIGS. 2, 3, and 4. - The apparatus has a
support 70 acting as die, with areceptacle 71 and astop 72. Ceramicshaped elements receptacle 71 withsensing element 12 received inpassthroughs sensing element 12 is defined in this context bystop 72, sensingelement 12 resting with measured-gas-side end section 13 onstop 72. Measured-gas-side ceramicshaped element 20 is first inserted withsensing element 12 intoreceptacle 71. A glass blank 63, for example in the form of a glass pellet or glass film, is placed onto the end surface of punch-shaped extension 51, glass blank 63 having an opening with which glass blank 63 is slid oversensing element 12. Connector-side ceramicshaped element 27 is then placed onto glass blank 63, so that connector-side end section 14 ofsensing element 12 projects throughpassthrough 30. In the arrangement described, a compressive force of, for example, 600 kg-force is applied onto connector-side ceramicshaped element 27 using apressing punch 74. Beforehand, however, glass blank 63 was heated, for example by a heating device housed insupport 70, to a temperature above the softening temperature of the fusible glass or glass ceramic being used. Upon compression, the fluid glass blank 63 deforms and is thereby pressed intoconical enlargements 61 and intoradial gap 53. Fusible glass flowing out viaradial gap 53 can escape into end-surfaceannular gap 53. - A second exemplary embodiment is depicted in FIG. 3. This exemplary embodiment differs from the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1 in that a further annular glass blank64 is inserted into
annular gap 59. Upon compression, the fluid further glass blank 64, like glass blank 63, deforms so thatannular gap 59 is additionally sealed with a further glass seal. - A further exemplary embodiment of a sensing element seal is evident from the arrangement in FIG. 4. Here a further blank65, precompressed and optionally presintered, is arranged on the measured-gas side below
glass blank 63. Materials with good plastic deformability, such as talc, kaolin, clay, bentonite, graphite, boron nitride, etc. are in principle particularly suitable as the material for further blank 65. Aspunch 74 is applied during compression of the fluid glass blank 63, blank 65 is simultaneously deformed into its powder constituents, thus resulting in a powdered additional seal. Before the fusible glass flows in, the powder penetrates into the gap of measured-gas-side passthrough 24 formed byconical enlargement 61, so that the fusible glass is prevented from flowing to the measured-gas end of ceramic shapedelement 20 that is subject to high thermal stress. - The apparatuses depicted in FIGS. 3 and 4 correspond to the apparatus of FIG. 2. The method for manufacturing
glass seal 57 according to FIG. 4 can be carried out in accordance with the method implemented using the apparatus in FIG. 2. It is also possible, however, first to deform further blank 65 into powder using a punch and press it into the gap between sensing element and measured-gas-side passthrough, and then to compress glass blank 63 using the procedure according to FIG. 2. A further embodiment of the sensing element seal according to FIG. 4, having a further fused glass seal inannular gap 59 as in the case of the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, is also possible.
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE19707456A DE19707456A1 (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1997-02-25 | Sensor and method for its manufacture |
DE19707456 | 1997-02-25 | ||
DE19707456.1 | 1997-02-25 | ||
PCT/DE1998/000008 WO1998038505A1 (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1998-01-07 | Detector and method for the production thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010045120A1 true US20010045120A1 (en) | 2001-11-29 |
US6408680B2 US6408680B2 (en) | 2002-06-25 |
Family
ID=7821386
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/171,717 Expired - Fee Related US6408680B2 (en) | 1997-02-25 | 1998-01-07 | Sensor and method for the manufacture |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6408680B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0895594A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2000509824A (en) |
KR (1) | KR100576978B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1252467C (en) |
DE (1) | DE19707456A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998038505A1 (en) |
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-
1998
- 1998-01-07 US US09/171,717 patent/US6408680B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-07 KR KR1019980708480A patent/KR100576978B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-01-07 JP JP10537139A patent/JP2000509824A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-01-07 EP EP98903991A patent/EP0895594A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-01-07 CN CNB988001772A patent/CN1252467C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-01-07 WO PCT/DE1998/000008 patent/WO1998038505A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
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US6758082B2 (en) * | 2001-05-12 | 2004-07-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sealing system for a gas sensor and a method for manufacturing the sealing system |
US20030015020A1 (en) * | 2001-05-12 | 2003-01-23 | Heinz Geier | Sealing system for a gas sensor and a method for manufacturing the sealing system |
US6708551B2 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2004-03-23 | Denso Corporation | Insulator positioning structure of gas sensor |
US7810375B2 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2010-10-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor |
US20070261473A1 (en) * | 2004-07-14 | 2007-11-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor |
US8147667B2 (en) | 2006-12-20 | 2012-04-03 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Exhaust gas sensor and method of manufacture |
US20080149483A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Exhaust gas sensor and method of manufacture |
US8470163B2 (en) | 2006-12-20 | 2013-06-25 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Exhaust gas sensor and method of manufacture |
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CN102346178A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2012-02-08 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Gas transducer seal component and an automobile oxygen sensor |
US20130305811A1 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2013-11-21 | Denso Corporation | Gas sensor |
US9739760B2 (en) * | 2012-05-17 | 2017-08-22 | Denso Corporation | Gas sensor |
US9297791B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-03-29 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Gas sensor with thermal shock protection |
JP2017036947A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-02-16 | 株式会社デンソー | Gas sensor |
JP2019020290A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2019-02-07 | 東京窯業株式会社 | Solid electrolyte sensor |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0895594A1 (en) | 1999-02-10 |
KR100576978B1 (en) | 2006-09-22 |
WO1998038505A1 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
CN1217790A (en) | 1999-05-26 |
KR20000064982A (en) | 2000-11-06 |
CN1252467C (en) | 2006-04-19 |
JP2000509824A (en) | 2000-08-02 |
US6408680B2 (en) | 2002-06-25 |
DE19707456A1 (en) | 1998-08-27 |
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