US20010029763A1 - Rocking press machines - Google Patents
Rocking press machines Download PDFInfo
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- US20010029763A1 US20010029763A1 US09/328,154 US32815499A US2001029763A1 US 20010029763 A1 US20010029763 A1 US 20010029763A1 US 32815499 A US32815499 A US 32815499A US 2001029763 A1 US2001029763 A1 US 2001029763A1
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- metal die
- projections
- gyro
- recesses
- central axes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/02—Special design or construction
- B21J9/025—Special design or construction with rolling or wobbling dies
Definitions
- This invention relates to rocking press machines having rocking shafts that are capable of various swinging motions.
- the rocking press machine is a machine that forges metal by means of a combination of a rocking shaft and a metal die.
- the lower segment of the rocking press comprises a hydraulic press that supports the pressure exerted by the rocking shaft and carries a metal stock to be forged and other devices.
- the basic principle of the rocking press machine is to allow the rocking shaft 1 to swing about the central axis thereof with an adjustable angle of eccentricity and an adjustable orbital angular velocity, as shown in FIG. 2. Then, the metal die 2 integral with the rocking shaft 1 swings and thereby forges the metal placed therebelow into a desired shape.
- the rocking shaft 1 and the metal die 2 therebelow are in one piece. Furthermore, the metal die 2 is shaped like a truncated cone having vertex 0 at the bottom end thereof, as shown in FIG. 1.
- the orbital speed at point P is ⁇ r.
- FIG. 2 shows a view that is more generalized than FIG. 1. That is, FIG. 2 shows a case in which the angle of eccentricity ⁇ of the central axis of the rocking shaft 1 is not equal to the angle of inclination ⁇ of the metal die 2 or, in other words, the metal die shaped like a truncated cone is not in contact with the surface of the metal stock being worked.
- P′ and Q′ in FIGS. 2 and 3 are projections of points P and Q on the abscissa and ordinate in a horizontal plane centered at vertex O.
- OP′ and OQ can be expressed as follows:
- point Q rotates about a vertical line passing through vertex O with angular velocity ⁇
- point P rotates not only about the same vertical line passing through vertex O with angular velocity ⁇ but also in the opposite direction about a vertical line passing through point Q with an angular velocity equal to the vertical component of angular velocity ⁇ ′ of the rotation of the rocking shaft on its own central axis.
- the velocity of angular motion in the vertical direction at point Q represents a value obtained by deducting the vertical component of angular velocity due to the rotation on its own axis ⁇ ′ cos ⁇ (t) from angular velocity ⁇ of the orbiting central axis.
- the object of this invention is to provide rocking press machines whose metal dies do not rotate on their own axes by eliminating the shortcomings of conventional rocking press machines whose metal dies rotate on their own axes.
- a rocking press machine comprising a metal die adapted to swing about a vertex at a lower end thereof and a rocking shaft mounted above the metal die and transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die, with an angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and an angular velocity of the orbiting motion thereof being made adjustable, the improvement comprising a friction disk provided between the metal die and rocking shaft, a gyro enclosing the metal die, and supports provided outside the gyro, first projections projecting outward from the metal die, first recesses to rotatably support the first projections therein formed in the gyro, second projections projecting inward or outward and second recesses to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro and supports with each of a central axes of regions in which the first and second projections respectively fit in the first and second recesses being on a connecting straight line, two such lines passing through the
- a rocking press machine comprising a metal die adapted to swing about the vertex at the lower end thereof and a rocking shaft mounted above the metal die and transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die, with the angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and the angular velocity of the orbiting motion thereof being made adjustable, the improvement comprising a friction disk provided between the metal die and rocking shaft, an annular frame fastened to the metal die, a gyro enclosing the annular frame, and supports provided outside the gyro, first projections projecting inward or outward and first recesses to rotatably support the first projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the annular frame and gyro, second projections projecting inward or outward and second recesses to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro and frame, with each of the central axes of regions in which the first and second projections respectively fit in the
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation showing the relationship between the rocking shaft and metal die in a conventional rocking press machine and illustrating the amount of angular velocity of the rotation on its own axis of the metal die performing a rolling motion.
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation of a conventional rocking press machine illustrating the position of point P on the inclined surface of the metal die rotating on its own axis, with the inclined surface of the metal die not in contact with the metal stock being worked, and the distance between point P and the vertex O in the horizontal direction.
- FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating equation (1) expressing point P on the inclined surface of the metal die.
- FIG. 4 contains views illustrating the basic principle of this invention.
- A is a plan view showing the metal die and rocking shaft in the vertical position.
- B is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line A-A of (a) that shows the way in which the second projections fit in the second recesses.
- C is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line B-B of (a) that shows the way in which the first projections fit in the first recesses.
- FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional graph that shows that the metal die must have freedom of angular motion in two dimensional spaces in order to perform swinging motions without rotating on its own axis.
- FIG. 6 contains views illustrating the construction of a preferred embodiment of this invention.
- A is a plan view showing the central axes of the metal die and rocking shaft in the vertical position.
- B is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line A-A of (a) that shows the way in which the second projections fit in the second recesses.
- C is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line B-B of (a) that shows the way in which the first projections fit in the first recesses.
- FIG. 7 show paths drawn by point P on the surface of the swinging metal die.
- (a) shows a circular path of motion.
- (b) shows a linear path of motion
- (c) and (d) show a circular path of motion.
- (e) shows a spiral path of motion.
- (f) shows a daisy-like path of motion.
- FIGS. 4 ( a ) and ( b ) show the basic structure (1). As can be seen, a friction plate 3 is provided between a rocking shaft 1 and a metal die 2 . (The basic structure (2) will be described by reference to a preferred embodiment.)
- the metal die 2 does not rotate together with the orbiting of the rocking shaft 1 , but gives via the friction plate 3 , the same angular changes as the three-dimensional angular changes exhibited by the bottom surface of the orbiting rocking shaft 1 .
- This invention provides a mechanism to prevent the metal die 2 from rotating on its own axis.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the basic principle of this mechanism.
- the metal die 2 is considered to have freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space when the central axis of the metal die 2 can move freely along a line at an angle of ⁇ from the horizontal and a line at an angle of ⁇ from the vertical.
- the central axis has freedom of angular motion in two-dimensional space, it follows that the entirety of the metal die 2 has freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space.
- the mechanism to prevent the rolling metal die 2 from rotating on its own axis must permit the metal die to have freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space while preventing rotation about the central axis thereof.
- the structure (1) of this invention has first projections 61 projecting outward from the metal die 2 and first recesses 71 to rotatably support the first projections 61 therein formed in a gyro 4 , second projections 62 projecting inward or outward and second recesses 72 to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro 4 and supports 5 , as shown in FIGS. 4 ( a ) and ( b ).
- the second projections project outward from the gyro 4 and the second recesses 72 are formed in the supports 5 .
- the gyro 4 can change the swinging motion thereof with respect to the supports 5 with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space via the second projections 62 and second recesses 72 .
- Two first projections 61 must be provided and the center axes of regions in which the first projections 61 are rotatably supported by the first recesses 71 are on the same straight line and passing through the vertex of the metal die 2 for the same reason mentioned above for the second projections 62 and second recesses 72 .
- a combination of the first projections 61 and second recesses 71 permit the metal die 2 to change the swinging motion thereof with respect to the gyro 4 with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space.
- the gyro 4 moves with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space but the metal die 2 cannot swing with freedom of angular motion in two-dimensional space. (In this condition, the metal die 2 and gyro 4 can only swing with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space about the central axes extending in the same direction.)
- the straight lines connecting the central axes of the first projections 61 and second projections 62 are designed to lie at different angles in a horizontal plane.
- This design permits the metal die 2 to achieve two swinging motions with freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space.
- One is due to the freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space the metal die 2 has with respect to the gyro 4 and the other is due to the freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space the gyro 3 possesses.
- the first recesses 71 provided in the gyro 4 cannot make any other motions than the swinging with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space mentioned earlier. Therefore, the first projections 61 prevent the metal die 2 from rotating on its own central axis passing through the vertex O thereof. As a consequence, the metal die 2 performs only a swinging motion about the vertex O thereof with freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space.
- Engagement permitting the first projections 61 to rotate in the first recesses 71 and the second projections 62 to rotate in the second recesses 72 can be obtained in various combinations such as a combination of columnar projections and cylindrical recesses to support the columnar projections, a combination of projections and recesses to support the projections both having cross-sections shaped like truncated cones, and a combination of projections and recesses both having semi-spherical cross-sections.
- the essential requirement is that the cross-section normal to the central axis of each projection is circurlar in shape and each recess has a large enough circumference to surround said circular cross section of the projection.
- a lubricant may be applied or a bearing may be installed therebetween, though they do not constitute an essential requirement of this invention.
- equation (1) becomes as described below.
- Equation (3) can be converted as described below by using the addition theorem of trigonometic functions.
- equation (3)′ can be expressed as follows:
- X 2 +y 2 ⁇ fraction (1/14) ⁇ ( a 2 +b 2 )+ ⁇ ( a 2 ⁇ b 2 )/2 ⁇ cos ⁇ 1 ( t )+ ⁇ 2 (t) ⁇ + ab sin ⁇ 1 ( t )+ ⁇ 2 ( t ) ⁇ .
- point P describes a path consisting of straight lines as shown in FIG. 7( b ).
- point P describes a circular path with a radius of ⁇ ( a 2 +b 2) /2 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 and centered on a point having coordinates (b/2, a/2) and forms a pattern drawn along the path, as shown in FIG. 7(C).
- point P described a circular path with a radius of ⁇ ( a 2 +b 2 )/2 ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 and centered on a point having coordinates (b/2, a/2) and forms a pattern drawn along the path.
- n By selecting the proper value of n, various types of daisy-like lines, from widely spaced ones to closely spaced ones, can be obtained at will. Furthermore, such selection can be either fixed or made variable while the rocking shaft 1 is moving.
- this invention permits the metal die 2 to perform not only circular and linear motions but also spiral and daisy-like motions and form corresponding patterns accurately.
- FIGS. 6 (A), (b) and (c) show an embodiment based on the structure (2) that has two each first and second projections whose centers are disposed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the metal die.
- the first projections 61 and the second projections 62 project inward.
- the first projections 61 project from the gyro 4 and rotatably fit in the first recesses 71 formed in the annular frame 20 surrounding the metal die 2
- the second projections 62 project from the annular support 5 and rotatably fit in the second recesses 72 formed in the gyro 4 .
- a straight line obtained by reproducing a straight line connecting the centers of the two first projections 61 on a plane by projection and a straight line obtained by reproducing a straight line connecting the centers of the two second projections 62 are perpendicular to each other, as shown in FIG. 7(A).
- the swinging surface of the gyro 4 and the swinging surfaces of the metal die 4 and the surrounding annular frame 20 are normal to each other in a horizontal direction, whereby the metal die 2 can efficiently acquire freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space.
- this invention is of great value as it permits the metal die to swing about the vertex O thereof with freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space, prevents the metal die from rotating on its own central axis, and, thereby, permits obtaining accurate patterns through the use of the gyro mechanism comprising the friction disk, first and second projections, and first and second recesses in which the first and second projections are rotatably fitted.
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Abstract
A rocking press machine comprising a swinging metal die 2 and a rocking shaft 1 mounted above the metal die 1 and transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die 2, with the angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and the angular velocity of the orbiting motion thereof being adjustable. A friction disk 3 is provided between the metal die 2 and rocking shaft 1, a gyro 4 encloses the metal die 2 or a frame 20 surrounding the metal die 2 and supports 5 provided outside the gyro 4, first projections 61 and first recesses 71 rotatably supporting the first projections formed on the metal die 2 or the surrounding frame 20 and in the gyro 4, second projections 62 and second recesses 72 rotatably supporting the second projections formed on the gyro 4 and the supports 5. The improved rocking press machine permits the metal die 2 to swing with freedom of angular motion in a two dimensional space, prevents the metal die 2 from rotating on its own central axis, and, thereby, permits obtaining accurate patterns. The improved rocking press machine forms accurate patterns by preventing shifts that might be caused by the rolling motion of the metal die over the surface of the work and resultant undesirable effects in pattern forming.
Description
- This invention relates to rocking press machines having rocking shafts that are capable of various swinging motions.
- The rocking press machine is a machine that forges metal by means of a combination of a rocking shaft and a metal die. The lower segment of the rocking press comprises a hydraulic press that supports the pressure exerted by the rocking shaft and carries a metal stock to be forged and other devices.
- The basic principle of the rocking press machine is to allow the rocking shaft1 to swing about the central axis thereof with an adjustable angle of eccentricity and an adjustable orbital angular velocity, as shown in FIG. 2. Then, the metal die 2 integral with the rocking shaft 1 swings and thereby forges the metal placed therebelow into a desired shape.
- Various swinging motions are attained by varying the angle of eccentricity and orbital angular velocity of the rocking shaft about its own central axis, whereby the
metal stock 2 pressed by themetal die 2 is formed into various shapes. - With conventional rocking press machines, the rocking shaft1 and the
metal die 2 therebelow are in one piece. Furthermore, themetal die 2 is shaped like a truncated cone having vertex 0 at the bottom end thereof, as shown in FIG. 1. - When the working face of the
metal die 2 of conventional rocking press machines of this type has line contact with the metal stock or, in other words, the angle of eccentricity 8 of the central axis of the rocking shaft 1 is equal to the angle of inclination α of themetal die 2 shaped like a truncated cone as shown in FIG. 1, the metal die rolls over the surface of the metal stock about vertex 0 as the central axis of the rocking shaft 1 moves in orbit. - If the angular velocity of the orbiting central axis of the rocking shaft1 with respect to the vertical axis is ω and the angular velocity of the central axis of the
metal die 2 rotating on its own axis is ω′ in FIG. 1, the vertical and horizontal components of the angular velocity ω′ are ω′ cos α and ω′ sin α, respectively. - If the distance between a specific point P of the
metal die 2 that is rolling in contact with the metal stock and vertex 0 is r and the intersection point between a line perpendicular to the horizontal surface at point P and the central axis of themetal die 2 is S in FIG. 1, SP=rcotα. - The orbital speed at point P is ωr.
- When the metal die2 that rolls as described before rotates on its own axis about vertex O, the rotating speed of the horizontal component ω′win α of the angular velocity ω′ at point X and with the orbital speed at point P given above, which can be expressed as SP ω′ sin α=rω′ cos α where SP is the radius, is equal to or described earlier.
- Therefore, equations ωr=ω′r cos α and ω=ω/cos α hold.
- However, the rotation of the metal die on its own axis, resulting from its rolling, produces considerable interference in forming a desired pattern on the metal stock by various swinging motions.
- To explain the above fact, FIG. 2 shows a view that is more generalized than FIG. 1. That is, FIG. 2 shows a case in which the angle of eccentricity θ of the central axis of the rocking shaft1 is not equal to the angle of inclination α of the
metal die 2 or, in other words, the metal die shaped like a truncated cone is not in contact with the surface of the metal stock being worked. Here, a normal line extending from point P on the surface of the conically shaped lower part of the metal die intersects the central axis thereof at point Q, and OQ=a and PQ=b. (Unlike FIG. 1, FIG. 2 shows a case in which the conically shaped part of the metal die is away from the horizontal plane.) When the metal die rotates on its own axis, point P will become separated from the surface of the metal stock in some instances. P′ and Q′ in FIGS. 2 and 3 are projections of points P and Q on the abscissa and ordinate in a horizontal plane centered at vertex O. OP′ and OQ can be expressed as follows: - OQ′=a sin θ(t) and P′Q′=b cos θ(t)
- (A functional form θ(t) is used because θ can change with time.)
- In FIG. 2, point Q rotates about a vertical line passing through vertex O with angular velocity ω, whereas point P rotates not only about the same vertical line passing through vertex O with angular velocity ω but also in the opposite direction about a vertical line passing through point Q with an angular velocity equal to the vertical component of angular velocity ω′ of the rotation of the rocking shaft on its own central axis.
- When θ=α, ω′=/cos α as described earlier by reference to FIG. 1. When the inclined surface of the metal die shaped like a truncated cone is away from the surface of the metal stock as shown in FIG. 2. However, ω′ is not always equal to ω/cos α because of the rotation on its own axis due to the inertia effect of the rolling motion.
- The vertical component of angular velocity ω′ of the rotation of the rocking shaft on its own central axis is equal to ω′cos θ(t), as is evident from FIG. 2.
- Therefore, the velocity of angular motion in the vertical direction at point Q represents a value obtained by deducting the vertical component of angular velocity due to the rotation on its own axis ω′ cos θ(t) from angular velocity ω of the orbiting central axis.
- Thus, coordinates x and y of point P′ in FIG. 3 can be expressed by the following equations:
- x=a sin θ(t)cos ωt+b cos θ(t)cos(ω−ω′ cos θ(t))t
- y=a sin θ(t)sin ωt+b cos θ(t)sin(ω−ω′ cos θ(t))t
- The following equation can be derived from equation (1):
- x 2 +y 2 =a 2 +b 2 +ab sin 2θ(t)cos(ω−ω′ cos θ(t))t (2)
- x2+y2 cannot be kept constant because cos (ω−ω′ cos θ(t))t in equation (2) changes successively even if θ(t) remains constant.
- This means that accurate control required in producing a circular motion that is, the most basic motion in swinging motions is impossible to achieve, let alone accurate control to ensure accurate production of more complex spiral or daisy motion.
- FIG. 1 shows a condition in which the inclined surface of the metal die rolls in contact with the surface of the metal stock. If it is assumed that the time for point P to start rolling from a condition in which it is in contact with the metal stock being worked and come in contact with the same metal stock again is to, equation ω′t0=2π holds. Then, the angle of rotation of point P in a horizontal plane is ω′t0=2π cos α. Therefore, it is impossible to hold the surface of the metal stock within an angular limit of 2π(1−cos α) is unavoidable.
- Even if an attempt is made to obtain a desired pattern by pressing the surface of the metal stock with point P at intervals of t0, it is impossible to accurately form the desired pattern because of the shift mentioned earlier.
- The object of this invention is to provide rocking press machines whose metal dies do not rotate on their own axes by eliminating the shortcomings of conventional rocking press machines whose metal dies rotate on their own axes.
- This invention eliminates the shortcomings of conventional rocking press machines described earlier by providing the improvements;
- (1) In a rocking press machine comprising a metal die adapted to swing about a vertex at a lower end thereof and a rocking shaft mounted above the metal die and transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die, with an angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and an angular velocity of the orbiting motion thereof being made adjustable, the improvement comprising a friction disk provided between the metal die and rocking shaft, a gyro enclosing the metal die, and supports provided outside the gyro, first projections projecting outward from the metal die, first recesses to rotatably support the first projections therein formed in the gyro, second projections projecting inward or outward and second recesses to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro and supports with each of a central axes of regions in which the first and second projections respectively fit in the first and second recesses being on a connecting straight line, two such lines passing through the vertex at the lower end of the metal die, and the line connecting the central axes of the first projections and the line connecting the central axes of the second projections being set at an angle in a horizontal plane.
- (2) In a rocking press machine comprising a metal die adapted to swing about the vertex at the lower end thereof and a rocking shaft mounted above the metal die and transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die, with the angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and the angular velocity of the orbiting motion thereof being made adjustable, the improvement comprising a friction disk provided between the metal die and rocking shaft, an annular frame fastened to the metal die, a gyro enclosing the annular frame, and supports provided outside the gyro, first projections projecting inward or outward and first recesses to rotatably support the first projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the annular frame and gyro, second projections projecting inward or outward and second recesses to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro and frame, with each of the central axes of regions in which the first and second projections respectively fit in the first and second recesses being on the same straight line, two such lines passing through the vertex at the lower end of the metal die, and the line connecting the central axes of the first projections and the line connecting the central axes of the second projections being set at an angle in a horizontal plane.
- FIG. 1 is a side elevation showing the relationship between the rocking shaft and metal die in a conventional rocking press machine and illustrating the amount of angular velocity of the rotation on its own axis of the metal die performing a rolling motion.
- FIG. 2 is a side elevation of a conventional rocking press machine illustrating the position of point P on the inclined surface of the metal die rotating on its own axis, with the inclined surface of the metal die not in contact with the metal stock being worked, and the distance between point P and the vertex O in the horizontal direction.
- FIG. 3 is a graph illustrating equation (1) expressing point P on the inclined surface of the metal die.
- FIG. 4 contains views illustrating the basic principle of this invention. (A) is a plan view showing the metal die and rocking shaft in the vertical position. (B) is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line A-A of (a) that shows the way in which the second projections fit in the second recesses. (C) is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line B-B of (a) that shows the way in which the first projections fit in the first recesses.
- FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional graph that shows that the metal die must have freedom of angular motion in two dimensional spaces in order to perform swinging motions without rotating on its own axis.
- FIG. 6 contains views illustrating the construction of a preferred embodiment of this invention. (A) is a plan view showing the central axes of the metal die and rocking shaft in the vertical position. (B) is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line A-A of (a) that shows the way in which the second projections fit in the second recesses. (C) is a cross-sectional side elevation taken along the line B-B of (a) that shows the way in which the first projections fit in the first recesses.
- FIG. 7 show paths drawn by point P on the surface of the swinging metal die. (a) shows a circular path of motion. (b) shows a linear path of motion (c) and (d) show a circular path of motion. (e) shows a spiral path of motion. (f) shows a daisy-like path of motion.
- The structures (1) and (2) of this invention are identical except that the structure (1) does not have an annular frame fastened to the metal die which the structure (2) has.
- FIGS.4(a) and (b) show the basic structure (1). As can be seen, a
friction plate 3 is provided between a rocking shaft 1 and ametal die 2. (The basic structure (2) will be described by reference to a preferred embodiment.) - Therefore, the metal die2 does not rotate together with the orbiting of the rocking shaft 1, but gives via the
friction plate 3, the same angular changes as the three-dimensional angular changes exhibited by the bottom surface of the orbiting rocking shaft 1. - This invention provides a mechanism to prevent the metal die2 from rotating on its own axis.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the basic principle of this mechanism. The metal die2 is considered to have freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space when the central axis of the metal die 2 can move freely along a line at an angle of Φ from the horizontal and a line at an angle of β from the vertical. When the central axis has freedom of angular motion in two-dimensional space, it follows that the entirety of the metal die 2 has freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space.
- Therefore, the mechanism to prevent the rolling metal die2 from rotating on its own axis must permit the metal die to have freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space while preventing rotation about the central axis thereof.
- To fill the above requirement, the structure (1) of this invention has
first projections 61 projecting outward from the metal die 2 andfirst recesses 71 to rotatably support thefirst projections 61 therein formed in agyro 4,second projections 62 projecting inward or outward andsecond recesses 72 to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of thegyro 4 and supports 5, as shown in FIGS. 4(a) and (b). (In FIGS. 4(a) and (b), the second projections project outward from thegyro 4 and thesecond recesses 72 are formed in thesupports 5.) - For the
gyro 4 to rotate in any desired direction, with second projections rotatably fitted in second recesses, it is essential that twosecond projections 62 are provided and the center axes of regions in which thesecond projections 62 are rotatably supported by thesecond recesses 72 are on the same straight line and passing through the vertex of the metal die 2. (Thegyro 4 cannot achieve the rotation that allows the metal die 2 to swing about the vertex thereof if twosecond projections 62 are not provided as described above.) - The
gyro 4 can change the swinging motion thereof with respect to thesupports 5 with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space via thesecond projections 62 and second recesses 72. - Two
first projections 61 must be provided and the center axes of regions in which thefirst projections 61 are rotatably supported by thefirst recesses 71 are on the same straight line and passing through the vertex of the metal die 2 for the same reason mentioned above for thesecond projections 62 and second recesses 72. - A combination of the
first projections 61 andsecond recesses 71 permit the metal die 2 to change the swinging motion thereof with respect to thegyro 4 with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space. - If the straight line connecting the central axes of the
first projections 61 and the straight line connecting the central axes of thesecond projections 62 are aligned, thegyro 4 moves with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space but the metal die 2 cannot swing with freedom of angular motion in two-dimensional space. (In this condition, the metal die 2 andgyro 4 can only swing with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space about the central axes extending in the same direction.) - In the structures (1) and (2), the straight lines connecting the central axes of the
first projections 61 and second projections 62 (which pass through the vertex O of the metal die 2) are designed to lie at different angles in a horizontal plane. This design permits the metal die 2 to achieve two swinging motions with freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space. One is due to the freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space the metal die 2 has with respect to thegyro 4 and the other is due to the freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space thegyro 3 possesses. - Either of the
second projections 62 orsecond recesses 72 are provided on or in thesupports 5. Therefore, thegyro 3 cannot make any other motions than the swinging with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space mentioned earlier and, therefore, cannot rotate on its own central axis passing through the vertex O of the metal die 2. (FIGS. 4(a) and (b) show the structure in which thesecond recesses 72 are formed in thesupports 5.) - Similarly, the
first recesses 71 provided in thegyro 4 cannot make any other motions than the swinging with freedom of angular motion in one-dimensional space mentioned earlier. Therefore, thefirst projections 61 prevent the metal die 2 from rotating on its own central axis passing through the vertex O thereof. As a consequence, the metal die 2 performs only a swinging motion about the vertex O thereof with freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space. - Engagement permitting the
first projections 61 to rotate in thefirst recesses 71 and thesecond projections 62 to rotate in thesecond recesses 72 can be obtained in various combinations such as a combination of columnar projections and cylindrical recesses to support the columnar projections, a combination of projections and recesses to support the projections both having cross-sections shaped like truncated cones, and a combination of projections and recesses both having semi-spherical cross-sections. The essential requirement is that the cross-section normal to the central axis of each projection is circurlar in shape and each recess has a large enough circumference to surround said circular cross section of the projection. - To realize smooth engagement between the projections and recesses, a lubricant may be applied or a bearing may be installed therebetween, though they do not constitute an essential requirement of this invention.
- Now that the metal die2 does not rotate on its own axis, the angular velocity ω′ of axial rotation becomes 0 in equation (1).
- Therefore, equation (1) becomes as described below.
- x={a sin θ(t)+b cos θ(t)}cos ωt
- y={a sin θ(t)+b cos θ(t)}sin ωt (3)
- Equation (3) can be converted as described below by using the addition theorem of trigonometic functions.
- X=a/2(sin{θ(t)+ωt}+sin{θ(t)−ωt}) +b/2(cos{θ(t)+ωt}+cos{θ(t)−ωt})
- y=a/2(cos{θ(t)+ωt}+cos{θ(t)−ωt}) +b/2(sin{θ(t)+ωt}+sin{θ(t)−ωt}) (3)′
- If it is assumed that θ(t)+ωt=θ1(t) and θ(t)−ωt=θ2(t) in equation (3)′ for the sake of simplification, equation (3)′ can be expressed as follows:
- x=a/2(sin θ1(t)+sin θ2(t)}+b/ 2{cos θ 1(t)+cos θ2(t)}
- y=a/2(cos θ2(t)+cos θ1(t)}+b/2{sin θ1(t)+cos θ2(t)} (3)″
- From equation (3)″, the following equation is derived.
- X 2 +y 2={fraction (1/14)}(a 2 +b 2)+{(a 2 −b 2)/2}cos{θ1(t)+θ2(t)}+ab sin{θ1(t)+θ2(t)}.
- This equation shows that when θ1(t)+θ2(t)=20(t) is constant, point P executes a circular motion regardless of the value of ω, as shown in FIG. 7(A)
- If θ1(t)=θ2(t) or ωt=0 in equation (3), then
- x=a sin θ1(t)+b cos θ1(t)
- y=0
- Thus, point P describes a path consisting of straight lines as shown in FIG. 7(b).
- If θ2(t)=0(or θ(t)=ωt), the following equation can be derived from equation (3).
- (X−b/2)2+(Y−a/2)2=¼(a 2 +b 2)
- In this case, point P describes a circular path with a radius of {(a 2 +b 2)/2}½ and centered on a point having coordinates (b/2, a/2) and forms a pattern drawn along the path, as shown in FIG. 7(C).
- If θ1(t)=0(or θ(t)=−ωt), the following equation can be derived from equation (3).
- (X−b/2)2+(y+a/2)2=¼(a 2 +b 2)
- In this case, point P described a circular path with a radius of {(a 2 +b 2)/2}½ and centered on a point having coordinates (b/2, a/2) and forms a pattern drawn along the path.
- If a=b, the following can be derived from equation (3):
- x+y=a{sin θ1(t)+sin θ2(t)}
- x−y=a{cos θ1(t)+cos θ2(t)} (4)
- If coordinates (x,y) are rotated through an angle γ, coordinates (X,Y) are generally obtained. Then, the following relationships hold.
- X=x cos r+y sin r
- Y=x sin r+y cos r
- If, therefore, coordinates (X,Y) are obtainable when (x,y) in equation (4) are rotated through −45°, the following relationships hold.
- X=(a/2){sin θ1(t)+sin θ2(t)} (5)
- Y+(a/2)cos θ1(t)+cos θ2(t)}
- If θ1(t)=nθ2(t) (where n is a rational number greater than 1) holds in equation (5), point P describes a spiral path as shown in FIG. 7(E) (in which n=11) that is applicable to manufacturing articles having unsymmetrical patterns along the outer periphery of disks or toothed wheels.
- By selecting the proper value of n, various types of spiral lines, from widely spaced ones to closely spaced ones, can be obtained at will. Furthermore, such selection can be either fixed or made variable while the rocking shaft1 is moving.
- When θ1(t)=−θ2(t)/n (where n is a rational number greater than 1 and the minus sign indicates that θ1(t) and θ2(t) rotate in opposite directions) holds, point P describes a path shaped like a daisy (FIG. 7(F) shows a case in which n=21) that is suited for forging toothed wheels and other articles having radially arranged patterns.
- By selecting the proper value of n, various types of daisy-like lines, from widely spaced ones to closely spaced ones, can be obtained at will. Furthermore, such selection can be either fixed or made variable while the rocking shaft1 is moving.
- As has been described, this invention permits the metal die2 to perform not only circular and linear motions but also spiral and daisy-like motions and form corresponding patterns accurately.
- FIGS.6(A), (b) and (c) show an embodiment based on the structure (2) that has two each first and second projections whose centers are disposed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the metal die.
- The
first projections 61 and thesecond projections 62 project inward. Thefirst projections 61 project from thegyro 4 and rotatably fit in thefirst recesses 71 formed in theannular frame 20 surrounding the metal die 2, whereas thesecond projections 62 project from theannular support 5 and rotatably fit in the second recesses 72 formed in thegyro 4. - In this embodiment, a straight line obtained by reproducing a straight line connecting the centers of the two
first projections 61 on a plane by projection and a straight line obtained by reproducing a straight line connecting the centers of the twosecond projections 62 are perpendicular to each other, as shown in FIG. 7(A). - With this arrangement, the swinging surface of the
gyro 4 and the swinging surfaces of the metal die 4 and the surroundingannular frame 20 are normal to each other in a horizontal direction, whereby the metal die 2 can efficiently acquire freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space. - It goes without saying that the embodiment based on the structure (2) can also realize swinging motions to draw the various patterns shown in FIG. 7.
- While the structure (1) used in the description of operation has the first and second projections projecting outward, the embodiment based on the structure (2) described above has the first and second projections projecting inward.
- It is also possible to reverse the direction of projection of the second projections in the structure (1) and the first and second projections in the structure (2).
- It is possible to reverse the direction of projection of the first and second projections in the structure (2). The first projections can be projected outward and the second projections inward, or vice versa. By so doing, the desired swinging motion and pattern can be realized.
- As has been described, this invention is of great value as it permits the metal die to swing about the vertex O thereof with freedom of angular motion in a two-dimensional space, prevents the metal die from rotating on its own central axis, and, thereby, permits obtaining accurate patterns through the use of the gyro mechanism comprising the friction disk, first and second projections, and first and second recesses in which the first and second projections are rotatably fitted.
Claims (4)
1. In a rocking press machine comprising a metal die adapted to swing about a vertex at a lower end thereof and a rocking shaft mounted above the metal die and transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die, with an angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and the angular velocity of the orbiting motion thereof being adjustable, the improvement comprising a friction disk provided between the metal die and the rocking shaft, a gyro enclosing the metal die, and supports provided outside the gyro, the first projections projecting outward from the metal die, first recesses to rotatably support the first projections therein formed in the gyro, second projections projecting inward or outward and second recesses to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro and supports, with each of the central axes of regions in which the first and second projections respectively fit in the first and second recesses being on the same straight line, two such lines passing through the vertex at the lower end of the metal die, and the line connecting the central axes of the first projections and the line connecting the central axes of the second projections being set at an angle to each other in a horizontal plane.
2. In a rocking press machine comprising a metal die adapted to swing about a vertex at a lower end thereof and a rocking shaft mounted above the metal die for transmitting a swinging motion to the metal die, with an angle of eccentricity of the central axis thereof and an angular velocity of an orbiting motion thereof being adjustable, the improvement comprising a friction disk provided between the metal die and the rocking shaft, an annular frame fastened to the metal die, a gyro enclosing the annular frame, and supports provided outside the gyro, first projections projecting inward or outward and first recesses to rotatably support the first projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the annular frame and gyro, second projections projecting inward or outward and second recesses to rotatably support the second projections therein formed in and on one or the other of the gyro and supports with each of the central axes of regions in which the first and second projections respectively fit in the first and second recesses being on the same straight line, two such lines passing through the vertex at the lower end of the metal die, and the line connecting the central axes of the first projections and the line connecting the central axes of the second projections being set at an angle to each other in a horizontal plane.
3. The improvement according to in which the annular frame and gyro are ring-shaped, the first and second projections are disposed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the metal die, and a straight line connecting the central axes of the first projections and a straight line connecting the central axes of the second projections are normal to each other in a horizontal plane.
claim 1
4. The improvement according to in which the annular frame and gyro are ring-shaped, the first and second projections are disposed symmetrically with respect to the central axis of the metal die, and a straight line connecting the central axes of the first projections and a straight line connecting the central axes of the second projections are normal to each other in a horizontal plane.
claim 2
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP10369574A JP3039863B1 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1998-12-25 | Locking press device |
JP369574/1998 | 1998-12-25 | ||
JP10-369574 | 1998-12-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20010029763A1 true US20010029763A1 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
US6457339B2 US6457339B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 |
Family
ID=18494781
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US09/328,154 Expired - Lifetime US6457339B2 (en) | 1998-12-25 | 1999-06-08 | Rocking press machine |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6457339B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1022077B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3039863B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100369644B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69913477T2 (en) |
TW (1) | TW453912B (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CA2581775A1 (en) * | 2004-09-27 | 2006-04-06 | Sigmoid Biotechnologies Limited | Dihydropyrimidine microcapsule - formulations |
JP4862505B2 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2012-01-25 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | Forging apparatus and forging method |
JP2010523554A (en) * | 2007-04-04 | 2010-07-15 | シグモイド・ファーマ・リミテッド | Pharmaceutical composition of tacrolimus |
ES2963291T3 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2024-03-26 | Sublimity Therapeutics Ltd | Manufacturing of multiple mini capsules |
CA2685591A1 (en) * | 2007-05-01 | 2008-11-06 | Sigmoid Pharma Limited | Pharmaceutical nimodipine compositions |
CA2762179A1 (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2010-11-25 | Sigmoid Pharma Limited | Composition comprising oil drops |
CN101813386B (en) * | 2009-05-31 | 2012-12-05 | 邢玉明 | Solar heat supply system |
IN2012DN00781A (en) | 2009-08-12 | 2015-06-26 | Sigmoid Pharma Ltd | |
GB201020032D0 (en) | 2010-11-25 | 2011-01-12 | Sigmoid Pharma Ltd | Composition |
GB201212010D0 (en) | 2012-07-05 | 2012-08-22 | Sigmoid Pharma Ltd | Formulations |
GB201304662D0 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2013-05-01 | Sigmoid Pharma Ltd | Compositions |
GB201319791D0 (en) | 2013-11-08 | 2013-12-25 | Sigmoid Pharma Ltd | Formulations |
CN105013995B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-03-08 | 武汉理工大学 | Realize the rotary forging machine of curve movement locus |
CN107598061B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2023-09-29 | 宁波市鄞州丹峰机械制造厂 | Pendulum roller riveting machine |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1677722A (en) * | 1923-07-09 | 1928-07-17 | Steel Wheel Corp | Method of forming tapered cross-section disks |
US1696229A (en) * | 1926-08-17 | 1928-12-25 | Midwest Piping & Supply Compan | Method for forming flanges on pipes |
US3690278A (en) * | 1970-10-09 | 1972-09-12 | Printal Oy | Method and device for the manufacture of seamless metal bottles |
US4982589A (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1991-01-08 | Brother Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Swiveling type plastic working machine |
CH685105A5 (en) * | 1991-07-22 | 1995-03-31 | Colcon Anstalt | Wobble press. |
-
1998
- 1998-12-25 JP JP10369574A patent/JP3039863B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1999
- 1999-03-30 TW TW088105006A patent/TW453912B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-04-24 KR KR10-1999-0014722A patent/KR100369644B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-06-08 US US09/328,154 patent/US6457339B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 DE DE69913477T patent/DE69913477T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-01 EP EP99305237A patent/EP1022077B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3039863B1 (en) | 2000-05-08 |
KR100369644B1 (en) | 2003-01-30 |
TW453912B (en) | 2001-09-11 |
US6457339B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 |
EP1022077A3 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
DE69913477T2 (en) | 2004-05-27 |
KR20000047387A (en) | 2000-07-25 |
JP2000190097A (en) | 2000-07-11 |
EP1022077A2 (en) | 2000-07-26 |
EP1022077B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
DE69913477D1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
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