US1991660A - Control of fans, blowers, and pumps - Google Patents

Description

T. B. COLLINS Filed June 14, 1953 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 //v Ven ral? ca/znk Feb. 19, 1935.

CONTROL OF FANS, BLOWERS, AND PUMPS I imr..- ,9... W...

Feb. 19, 1935. COLLINS 1,991,660

CONTROL OF FANS, BLOWERS, AND PUMPS Filed June 14, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 nvre/v TJR Feb. 19, 1935. "r. B. COLLINS 1,991,660

CONTROL OF FANS, BLOWERS, AND PUMPS Filed June 14, 1933 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 pv rewa i 19, 1935. T. B. COLLINS I$991,660

CONTROL OF FANS, BLOWERS, AND PUMPS Filed June 14,1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Feb. 19, 1935 UN -m.tim

7 W1,991,660 v ooN'rRoL' 0F FANS, nt'owiiiis; AND i PUMPS Thomas-Bosanko Collins, Glasgow; Scotland- Application June 14, 1933, seria imtiastz In Great Britain July'14, v

- ZCIaims. -(o1; 23o- 114 This invention relates to imp'rovechmeans of controlling the volumetric output and discharge pressure of fans, blowers, pumps and the like of the centrifugal .o'rpropeller type,.by-varying' the intake, being more. particularly applicable to units driven at a'constan'tispeed. Another form of this invention isfthe subject matter of applicants copending "application: Serial No. 675,499, filed June 12, 1933.v The; improved controlling means according to the present invention, are of the kindlin which a deflector provided in an entrance chamber to the casing, from which. thefluid enters the eye of the fan, is adapted to be adjusted'to vary the throat of the entrance chamberJin' such amanner that the delivery of the fluid into the said casing shall be in 'a direction tangential" to circles concentric withzthe' axisv of. rotation of the impeller, or propeller. p 1

According to the present invention, use is made of an intake of rectangular cross-section, termimating. in 'a substantially half-cylindrical Wall surrounding the eye of the .fancasing or the' like at the farther end'of-theintake, and the con- J trolling means comprise two movable hingedplates, provided inthe'said'intzike; of which one plate is adapted to be moved along the said halfcylindrical wall at thev farther end of the intake and be brought around the remainder of the eye of the fan casing or the like, thereby closing more or less the throat of the intake while the other plate, which may be flat, curved, or partly fiat and partly curved, is adapted to be displaced during the said movement within the intake and form a nozzle of smaller or greater convergence.

The invention also consists in the particular Figs. 3 and 4 are similar views of 'a modified form of construction applied to a double inlet fan of which only one-side is shown.

Figs. 5 and 6 are similar views of a further more particularly de-.

modification embodied in ,a.single.inlet pump and V J V.

5 Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a sectional elevation and a plan view, partly in section, of a still further modification applied'to a double inletpump. v, Referring to the construction of singleinlet fan illustrated in Figures l and 2],]a is an entrance chamber or intake channel of rectangular crosssection, terminating ina; substantially half-cylindrical wall-b which is preferably concentric with the eye 0 provided in the Ian casing d and with the axis of fthe-impellerprovidedin the casing vd. 'Ihe longitudinal axis of the intake channel a Eat right; anglesto the axis of rotation of :the impeller, and thusparallel to. the plane of theimpellerdiscm The-means Ior' controlling. the inflow mainly consists-of; two hinged portions, the one com prising-in this instance, ;a fiat rectangular plate e and the other one a number of short plates I linked together and forming asubstantially cylindrical wall in continuation of the wall 22 and concentric with the-axis of the impeller. The width'oi the hingedportions e and f is equal to the, .width of the, intakev channel "a measured at right angles to the plane of the disc of the impeller, the free end e of the plate e being provided at the sides with rollers e guided along rails g attached to the inner side walls of the instead of guiding the interlinked plates 1 along a cylindrical path, they may be caused to follow an involute to the cylindrical portion b of the intake channel.

The means for controlling the movable plates may consist of a screw-threaded rod i pivotally 4 attached to the plate e, and operated by a handwheel 7'. As can be seen from the drawings, the plate e forms a convergent nozzle with three of the walls of the intake channel, and the interlinked platesf on a substantially cylindrical inr let casing facing the eye of the fan and communicating with the said converging nozzle by a throat, the size of which is varied by the displacement of the plates. It will also be seen that by this construction the fluid stream flows tanin the intake channel a, with their axes parallel to the axis of the impeller, the said deflectors being capable of being adjusted by means provided outside the intake channel, for instance,

counter-weights]. The deflectors may be adapt,.

ed to be operated separately or simultaneously and be fixed in'the adjusted positions,

When the intake channel apperates at maximum opening, the plate 6 lies along the lowest side of the channel, shown in the drawings, while the portion of interlinked plates f 'lies along and within the curved wall 1;, the separate deflectors 7c beingthen so placed as to ensure a stream-line flow to the eye of the impeller.

m is a hinged' plate which rests against the plate e automatically following its up and down displacement and. covering its end part irre' spective of the position assumed by the said platee within the intake channel.

In the modification of double inlet fan illustrated in-Figures 3 and 4, the movable plate e is hinged to a half-cylindrical plate I preferably having astraight end portion I intended to move along the wall b of the intake channel a. The operation isefiected by means of "a toothed segment 'nattached'to the half-cylindrical plate 1 and engaging with 'a pinion o operatedfrom'the'outside by a hand-wheel p.

In the modification of single-:inlet pump illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, thehalf-cylindrical plate ,f hinged to the flat plate e is attached to a sectorial frame q which" can be operated by an external handle 1', the axis of which coincides with theaxis of the impeller;

In the modification of double inlet pump illustrated in Figures 7 and 8, an intake channel a is associated with an inletcasing onboth sides of the pump casing d andthehalf-cylindrical plate I is shown as being operated by a toothed I segment 11. and pinion o, as in the construction of fan shown in Figures 3 and 4, but the plate e is curved, instead of being flat. The two pinions 0 associated with the respective toothed segments n are mounted on short stub shafts :1,

which are turned from a common spindle u by means of a hand-wheel t, through the intermediary of well-known bevel gear transmission, it being understood that the said hand-wheel may be replaced by an electric motor which may be controlled from a distance.

- The invention hereinbefore described may also be applied to constructions of fans, pumps, or the like, in which one central intake is provided appended claims.

WhatIclaim is:--

1. Means for controlling the volumetric output-L and discharge pressure of a fluid machine have ing an eye, comprising a single intake of rectangular cross section incombination with a cylindrical inlet-casing surrounding and concentric with the eye of the machine, half of said cylindrical casing consisting of.a stationary part terminating said intake, the other half of the casingib eing longer than the diameter of the latter and adapted to move along the stationary part and form a throat of variable size in said cylindrical casing for the admission 'offiuid, and

a plate lying in" said intake outside the inlet I casing and hinged to thetmovable part jotsaid casing adjacent the throat, and means for moving said movable partof the casing. r

2. Means as claimed in claim LcharacteriZed'f in that said means for moving the movable part of the inlet casing and the plate hinged thereto comprises a sectorial frame attachedto the mov-' able part of 'the inlet casing and an external handle for operating said frame,'the axis oi. the

handle coinciding with the axis of said machinel THOMAS BOSANKO COLLINS.'

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